CN115039640A - Morchella cultivation device and method of integrated photovoltaic greenhouse - Google Patents
Morchella cultivation device and method of integrated photovoltaic greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN115039640A CN115039640A CN202210586459.9A CN202210586459A CN115039640A CN 115039640 A CN115039640 A CN 115039640A CN 202210586459 A CN202210586459 A CN 202210586459A CN 115039640 A CN115039640 A CN 115039640A
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- 241000221638 Morchella Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000002779 Morchella esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000002769 Morchella esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 241000723418 Carya Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/30—Accessories for use before inoculation of spawn, e.g. sterilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a morchella cultivation device and method for an integrated photovoltaic greenhouse, relates to the technical field of morchella cultivation, and solves the problems that the morchella is cultivated in a natural environment, the climate conditions are variable, field fine management is not facilitated, the morchella yield is low, the fruiting yield is unstable, the period is short, and diseases and insect pests are easily caused. The solar greenhouse comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panel power generation panels arranged at the top of a greenhouse frame, wherein the photovoltaic panel power generation panels are connected with a power storage control device through wires, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a refrigerating device and a spraying system are arranged in the greenhouse frame, and the power storage control device is connected with the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the refrigerating device and the spraying system through wires. The photovoltaic solar panel is used for providing a power supply, the temperature and the humidity of the greenhouse are monitored through the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, the power storage control device is used for controlling the spraying system and the refrigerating device to regulate and control the cultivation environment of the morchella, and stable environmental conditions are provided for cultivation of the morchella.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of morel cultivation, in particular to a morel cultivation device and method for an integrated photovoltaic greenhouse.
Background
Solar energy is inexhaustible clean energy given to human beings by nature, the speed is high, the overall utilization rate is low, and the utilization of solar energy in agriculture is very little. The photovoltaic technology only needs a few seconds from the acquisition of light energy to the direct utilization, and compared with coal, fuel oil and gas, the conversion rate of the photovoltaic technology is high and is more than thirty times of thermal conversion of various combustion energy sources, and the conversion rate of the photovoltaic technology does not need thousands of years and ten thousands of years through light energy conversion. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic technology of completely replacing any non-renewable combustion energy source by light energy is mature and is beginning to be widely applied.
The morchella is a food and medicine dual-purpose fungus, has very strict requirements on cultivation conditions, belongs to low-temperature edible fungi, is suitable for low-temperature planting and low-temperature environment growth, and is very sensitive to temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the morchella in the sowing and spawn running period is below 20 ℃, spawn running can be finished in 7-15 days; if the temperature suitable for the growth period of hyphae is 8-15 ℃, the growth period can be completed only by 30-35 days; the above shows that if the growth temperature of the morchella can be exactly regulated, the morchella can grow in only 50 days theoretically, but the energy consumption is too large, so that the production cost is high, and meanwhile, the morchella planting still depends on natural environmental climate, so that the environmental stability of the morchella in the growth process cannot be ensured. The method is most suitable for Morchella esculenta planting in Yunobuochu areas in China, at least 70 days are needed, and the yield is low. The cultivation of the morchella has serious continuous cropping obstacles, and the continuous cultivation yield of the same field is gradually reduced and even possibly fails. Therefore, the technology for developing temperature and humidity regulation and changing cultivation soil is developed to realize early sowing and prolong the fruiting period of morchella, and has great significance for high-yield planting and energy consumption reduction.
In the prior art, the temperature is mainly regulated and controlled by using fossil energy power generation, but the power consumption is high, so that the production cost is high, and the fossil energy is a non-renewable resource. The morchella is cultivated in a natural environment, the climate conditions are variable, the field fine management is not facilitated, the morchella is low in yield, the fruiting yield is unstable, the period is short, diseases and insect pests are easy to generate, and meanwhile, the morchella has continuous cropping obstacles.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a morel cultivation device and method for an integrated photovoltaic greenhouse, and the device and method are used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, the production cost is high due to the fact that fossil energy power generation is used for regulating and controlling the growth temperature of morel, and the yield is low, the period is short, and continuous cropping obstacles exist in the cultivation of morel in a natural environment.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a hickory chick cultivation device of integration photovoltaic big-arch shelter, is including installing the several photovoltaic board electricity generation board at big-arch shelter frame top, photovoltaic board electricity generation board electric wire connection has electricity storage controlling means, be provided with temperature sensor, humidity transducer, refrigerating plant and spraying system in the big-arch shelter frame, electricity storage controlling means and temperature sensor, humidity transducer, refrigerating plant and spraying system electric wire connection.
In one preferable scheme of the invention, the greenhouse frame is provided with a conveyer belt, and two ends of the conveyer belt extend out of the greenhouse frame.
According to one of the preferable schemes of the invention, the two sides of the greenhouse frame are provided with guide square beams along the length direction of the greenhouse frame, the guide square beams are positioned at the inner side of the greenhouse frame, a cross beam movably connected with the guide square beams is arranged between the two guide square beams, a connecting frame is movably sleeved on the cross beam, both ends of the cross beam and the connecting frame are provided with driving devices, the driving devices drive the connecting frame to move along the length direction of the cross beam and drive the cross beam to move along the length direction of the guide square beams, the bottom of the connecting frame is connected with a first telescopic device, one end of the first telescopic device, far away from the connecting frame, is connected with a tool rest, and the tool rest is provided with a tillage tool and a first motor for driving the tillage tool to rotate.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the driving device includes a second motor and a driving shaft connected to the second motor, and the driving shaft is fixedly sleeved with a driving wheel.
In one preferable scheme of the invention, the upper surface of the guide square beam is provided with a limit groove along the length direction of the guide square beam, the driving wheel is positioned in the limit groove, and two ends of the cross beam are rotatably provided with limit wheels which are contacted with the lower surface of the guide square beam.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, the connecting frame is hinged with a scraper, one side of the scraper, which is far away from the first telescopic device, is hinged with a second telescopic device, and one end of the second telescopic device, which is far away from the scraper, is hinged with the connecting frame.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a roller frame is disposed on a side of the scraper away from the first telescopic device.
The invention discloses a morel cultivation device of an integrated photovoltaic greenhouse and also discloses a morel cultivation method of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse, which comprises the following steps:
step (1): building a greenhouse: building an inclined shed, building two groups of steel frames on the open ground, wherein the two groups of steel frames are different in height, building an inclined top between the two groups of steel frames to form a shed frame, paving steel bars on the inclined top, and covering a photovoltaic panel power generation plate; installing a spraying system, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a conveyer belt, a beam and a structure related to the beam in the greenhouse, and then enclosing the periphery of the greenhouse with a film;
step (2): land preparation: spreading quicklime, ploughing the land by using a ploughing tool, and then ditching;
and (3): sowing: the strain is crushed and then sown, soil is covered after sowing is finished, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are opened after soil covering is finished, and temperature and humidity are adjusted;
and (4): film covering: mounting the agricultural mulching film on a roller frame and performing film covering operation according to the width of the compartment;
and (5): supplementing nutrition: after the white fungus cream of the covering soil layer is generated for 1-2 weeks, cutting an opening of the exogenous nutrition bag, uniformly laying the exogenous nutrition bag on the fungus cream, and then covering a film;
and (6): culturing hyphae;
and (7): and (3) mushroom forcing: removing the exogenous nutrition bag and the film, and spraying heavy water every day for 3 days;
and (8): and (3) fruiting management: when the surface has primordium, the temperature is kept between 10 and 16 ℃, and the humidity is 85 to 95 percent; when young mushrooms are formed, keeping the temperature unchanged, controlling the humidity to be 70-80% and stopping fruiting;
and (9): soil replacement: after the cultivation, the conveying belt is started through the electricity storage control device, soil is carried out, the greenhouse is disinfected, and fresh soil is replaced.
In one preferable scheme of the invention, in the step (1), the heights of the two groups of steel frames are respectively 4m and 2m, the lengths of the two groups of steel frames are both 50m, and the distance between the two groups of steel frames is 8 m.
In one preferable scheme of the invention, in the step (2), the consumption of the quicklime is 50kg-75.5kg per mu of land, the farming depth is 25cm-30cm, the width of the ditching ridge surface is 0.8m-1m, the width of the ditch is 0.2m-0.3m, and the depth is 0.2m-0.25 m.
In one preferable scheme of the invention, in the step (3), 320 bags of strains are cultivated in each mu of land, the soil covering depth is 3cm-5cm, the humidity in the greenhouse is controlled to be 70% -90% after the sowing is finished, and the temperature is controlled to be 15-18 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step (4) is specifically: finishing the soil coveringThen, using black agricultural mulching film, performing film covering operation according to the width of the compartment, tightly fastening the mulching film on the surface of the compartment, and pressing soil blocks every 0.5 m; in the step (5), the external source nutrition bags are arranged according to the ratio of 3 bags/m 2 And (5) placing.
In the preferred scheme of the invention, in the step (6), the hypha culture is divided into two stages, the temperature is kept at 10-15 ℃ in the early stage, the humidity is 80-90%, and the total time is 20 d; and keeping the temperature at 5-10 ℃ and the humidity at 80% in the later period for 15 d.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step (7) is specifically: removing the exogenous nutrition bag and the film, spraying 1h of heavy water every day, and continuously for 3d, wherein the temperature is kept at 8-15 ℃, the humidity is 85% -95%, and the total time is 5 d.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, the photovoltaic solar panel is used for providing a power supply, the temperature and the humidity of the greenhouse are monitored through the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, the power storage control device is used for controlling the spraying system and the refrigerating device to regulate and control the cultivation environment of the morchella, and stable environmental conditions are provided for the cultivation of the morchella. After the cultivation is finished, the soil for cultivating the morchella is removed through the conveying belt, the fresh soil is replaced, the working strength of replacing the soil is reduced, and the problem of continuous cropping obstacle of the morchella is solved.
2. The invention provides a power supply by using inexhaustible solar energy, thereby reducing energy consumption, reducing production cost, providing a stable cultivation environment and realizing high and stable yield of morchella.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a greenhouse structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1 at A;
fig. 3 is a side view of the beam and associated components.
Icon: 1-photovoltaic panel power generation panel; 2-greenhouse frame; 3-a power storage control device; 4-a conveyor belt; 5-a temperature sensor; 6-a humidity sensor; 7-a refrigeration device; 8-a spray system; 9-a connecting frame; 10-a scraper; 11-a cross beam; 12-a first telescopic device; 13-a first electric machine; 14-tilling tools; 15-a tool holder; 16-guiding square beams; 17-a spacing wheel; 18-a drive means; 1801-a second electric machine; 1802-a drive shaft; 1803-driving wheel; 19-a limit groove; 20-a second telescoping device; 21-roller frame.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
Examples
The utility model provides a hickory chick cultivation device of integration photovoltaic big-arch shelter, is including installing several photovoltaic board electricity-generating plate 1 at 2 tops of big-arch shelter frame, 1 electric wire connection of photovoltaic board electricity-generating plate has electricity storage controlling means 3, be provided with temperature sensor 5, humidity transducer 6, refrigerating plant 7 and spraying system 8 in the big-arch shelter frame 2, electricity storage controlling means 3 and temperature sensor 5, humidity transducer 6, refrigerating plant 7 and 8 connection of electric lines of spraying system. The spraying system 8 is arranged in the middle of the greenhouse frame 2, and water mist can cover the ground of the greenhouse conveniently. The power storage control device 3 provides power support for all the electric devices in the greenhouse and can control any one electric device.
The greenhouse frame 2 is provided with a conveyer belt 4, and two ends of the conveyer belt 4 extend out of the greenhouse frame 2. The conveyer belt 4 is used for assisting soil replacement, so that the working strength is reduced.
The driving device 18 includes a second motor 1801 and a driving shaft 1802 connected to the second motor 1801, and a driving wheel 1803 is fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft 1802. The driving wheels 1803 at the two ends of the cross beam 11 are in contact with the upper surface of the guide square beam 16; the drive wheels 1803 on the attachment frame 9 are in contact with the upper surface of the cross beam 11. The driving device 18 drives the driving wheel 1803 to rotate, and the driving device is matched with the guide square beam 16 and the cross beam 11 which are contacted with the driving wheel 1803, so that the tillage tool 14 can break up the ground in all directions.
The upper surface of the guide square beam 16 is provided with a limiting groove 19 along the length direction of the guide square beam 16, the driving wheel 1803 is positioned in the limiting groove 19, and the two ends of the cross beam 11 are rotatably provided with limiting wheels 17 in contact with the lower surface of the guide square beam 16. The limiting groove 19 is arranged to limit the moving track of the driving wheel 1803, so that the driving wheel 1803 is prevented from being separated from the cross beam 11 in the moving process to cause the drop of the cross beam 11; meanwhile, the limiting wheel 17 contacting with the lower surface of the cross beam 11 can prevent the cross beam 11 from jumping upwards, thereby preventing the driving wheel 1803 from being separated from the limiting groove 19.
Articulated on the link 9 have the scraper blade 10, the one side that first telescoping device 12 was kept away from to scraper blade 10 articulates there is second telescoping device 20, the one end that scraper blade 10 was kept away from to second telescoping device 20 is articulated with link 9. The scraper 10 is arranged, so that scattered soil can be scraped, subsequent film covering treatment is facilitated, and a suitable growth environment is created for growth of morchella. Second telescoping device 20 can drive scraper blade 10 through the flexible effect and rotate to the distance of bottom to the bottom surface of adjusting scraper blade 10 realizes adjusting the height of strickleing or the compactness to earth, thereby guarantees the planting requirement of hickory chick.
The side of the scraper 10 far away from the first telescopic device 12 is provided with a roller frame 21. Can overlap agricultural plastic film on roller frame 21, supplementary workman's pulling agricultural plastic film and place, compare traditional needs many people and carry out placing of agricultural plastic film, roller frame 21 has saved a large amount of manpowers, and comparatively simple and convenient practicality.
A morchella cultivation method of an integrated photovoltaic greenhouse comprises the following steps:
step (1): building a greenhouse: building an inclined shed, building two groups of steel frames on the open ground, wherein the two groups of steel frames are different in height, building an inclined top between the two groups of steel frames to form a shed frame 2, paving steel bars on the inclined top, and covering a photovoltaic panel power generation plate 1; installing a spraying system 8, a temperature sensor 5, a humidity sensor 6, a conveyer belt 4, a beam 11 and a structure related to the beam 11 in the greenhouse, and then enclosing the periphery of the greenhouse with a film;
step (2): land preparation: spreading quicklime, ploughing the land by using a ploughing tool 14, and then ditching;
and (3): sowing: the strain is crushed and then sown, soil is covered after sowing is finished, a temperature sensor 5 and a humidity sensor 6 are opened after soil covering is finished, and temperature and humidity are adjusted;
and (4): film covering: mounting the agricultural mulching film on a roller frame 21 and performing film covering operation according to the width of the compartment;
and (5): supplementing nutrition: after the white fungus cream of the covering soil layer is generated for 1-2 weeks, cutting an opening of the exogenous nutrition bag, uniformly laying the exogenous nutrition bag on the fungus cream, and then covering a film;
and (6): culturing hyphae;
and (7): and (3) mushroom forcing: removing the exogenous nutrition bag and the film, and spraying heavy water every day for 3 days;
and (8): and (3) fruiting management: when the surface has primordium, the temperature is kept between 10 and 16 ℃, and the humidity is 85 to 95 percent; when young mushrooms are formed, keeping the temperature unchanged, controlling the humidity to be 70-80% and stopping fruiting;
and (9): soil replacement: after the cultivation, the conveying belt 4 is started through the electricity storage control device 3, soil is carried out, the greenhouse is disinfected, and fresh soil is replaced. When the greenhouse is disinfected, disinfectant can be added into the spraying system 8, and the disinfectant is sprayed to the ground through the spraying system 8, so that the working intensity of manual spraying disinfection is reduced.
In the step (1), the heights of the two groups of steel frames are respectively 4m and 2m, the lengths of the two groups of steel frames are both 50m, and the distance between the two groups of steel frames is 8 m. Namely, the size of the greenhouse is about 50m in length, 4m in height and 8m in width.
In the step (2), the dosage of the quicklime is 50kg-75.5kg per mu of land, the farming depth is 25cm-30cm, the width of the ditching ridge surface is 0.8m-1m, the width of the ditch is 0.2m-0.3m, and the depth is 0.2m-0.25 m.
In the step (3), 320 bags of strains are cultivated in each mu of land, the soil covering depth is 3cm-5cm, the humidity in the greenhouse is controlled to be 70% -90% after sowing is finished, and the temperature is 15 ℃ -18 ℃.
The step (4) is specifically as follows: after the soil covering is finished, using black agricultural mulching film, performing film covering operation according to the width of the carriage, tightly fastening the mulching film on the carriage surface, and pressing the mulching film at intervals of 0.5mSoil blocks are planted; in the step (5), the exogenous nutrition bags are arranged according to the ratio of 3 bags/m 2 And (6) placing.
In the step (6), hypha culture is divided into two stages, the temperature is kept at 10-15 ℃ in the early stage, the humidity is 80-90%, and the total time is 20 days; and keeping the temperature at 5-10 ℃ and the humidity at 80% in the later period for 15 d.
The step (7) is specifically as follows: removing the exogenous nutrition bag and the film, spraying 1h of heavy water every day, and continuously for 3d, wherein the temperature is kept at 8-15 ℃, the humidity is 85% -95%, and the total time is 5 d.
The planting of morchella is finely managed through the temperature sensor 5 and the humidity sensor 6, the planting quality of morchella is guaranteed, the solar energy is utilized to supply power to electrical equipment, the use of an external power supply is saved, and self-sufficiency of electric power is realized; the electricity storage control device 3 is set to be a control device capable of being operated remotely, and control by operators is further facilitated, so that a plurality of planting greenhouses can be managed by one person, and economic cost of greenhouse management is saved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hickory chick cultivation device of integration photovoltaic big-arch shelter which characterized in that: including installing several photovoltaic board electricity generation board (1) at big-arch shelter frame (2) top, photovoltaic board electricity generation board (1) wire connection has electricity storage controlling means (3), be provided with temperature sensor (5), humidity transducer (6), refrigerating plant (7) and spraying system (8) in big-arch shelter frame (2), electricity storage controlling means (3) and temperature sensor (5), humidity transducer (6), refrigerating plant (7) and spraying system (8) wire connection.
2. The morchella cultivation device of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: the greenhouse frame (2) is provided with a conveyer belt (4), and two ends of the conveyer belt (4) extend out of the greenhouse frame (2).
3. The morchella cultivation device of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: greenhouse frame (2) length direction is followed to the both sides of greenhouse frame (2) and is provided with direction square beam (16), direction square beam (16) are located greenhouse frame (2) inboard, two be provided with between direction square beam (16) crossbeam (11) with direction square beam (16) swing joint, movable sleeve is equipped with link (9) on crossbeam (11), the both ends of crossbeam (11) and link (9) all are provided with drive arrangement (18), drive arrangement (18) drive link (9) are removed along the length direction of crossbeam (11) and are driven crossbeam (11) along the length direction removal of direction square beam (16), the bottom of link (9) is connected with first telescoping device (12), the one end that link (9) were kept away from in first telescoping device (12) is connected with knife rest (15), install on knife rest (15) and plough cutter (14) and drive and plough cutter (14) pivoted first motor(s) (motor) 13).
4. The morchella cultivation device of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse of claim 3, wherein: the driving device (18) comprises a second motor (1801) and a driving shaft (1802) connected with the second motor (1801), and a driving wheel (1803) is fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft (1802).
5. The morchella cultivation device of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse of claim 4, wherein: the upper surface of direction square beam (16) has seted up spacing groove (19) along the length direction of direction square beam (16), drive wheel (1803) are located spacing groove (19), the both ends of crossbeam (11) are rotated and are provided with spacing wheel (17) with direction square beam (16) lower surface contact.
6. The morchella cultivation device of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse of claim 3, wherein: articulated on link (9) have scraper blade (10), one side that first telescoping device (12) were kept away from in scraper blade (10) articulates there is second telescoping device (20), the one end that scraper blade (10) were kept away from in second telescoping device (20) is articulated with link (9).
7. The morchella cultivation device of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse of claim 6, wherein: and a roller frame (21) is arranged on one side of the scraper (10) far away from the first telescopic device (12).
8. A morel cultivation method based on the morel cultivation device of the integrated photovoltaic greenhouse as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1): building a greenhouse: building an inclined shed, building two groups of steel frames on the open ground, wherein the two groups of steel frames are different in height, building an inclined top between the two groups of steel frames to form a shed frame (2), paving steel bars on the inclined top, and covering a photovoltaic panel power generation plate (1); a spraying system (8), a temperature sensor (5), a humidity sensor (6), a conveyer belt (4), a cross beam (11) and a structure related to the cross beam (11) are arranged in the greenhouse, and a film is arranged around the greenhouse;
step (2): land preparation: spreading quicklime, ploughing the land by using a ploughing tool (14), and then ditching;
and (3): sowing: the strain is crushed and then sown, soil is covered after sowing is finished, and a temperature sensor (5) and a humidity sensor (6) are opened after soil covering is finished to adjust the temperature and the humidity;
and (4): film covering: the agricultural mulching film is arranged on a roller frame (21) and is coated according to the width of the compartment;
and (5): supplementing nutrition: after the white fungus cream of the covering soil layer is generated for 1-2 weeks, cutting an opening of the exogenous nutrition bag, uniformly laying the exogenous nutrition bag on the fungus cream, and then covering a film;
and (6): culturing hyphae;
and (7): and (3) mushroom forcing: removing the exogenous nutrition bag and the film, and spraying heavy water every day for 3 days;
and (8): and (3) fruiting management: when the surface has primordium, the temperature is kept between 10 and 16 ℃, and the humidity is 85 to 95 percent; when young mushrooms are formed, keeping the temperature unchanged, controlling the humidity to be 70-80% and stopping fruiting;
and (9): soil replacement: after the cultivation is finished, the conveying belt (4) is started through the electricity storage control device (3), soil is carried out, the greenhouse is disinfected, and fresh soil is replaced.
9. The cultivation method of morel according to claim 8, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), 320 bags of strains are cultivated in each mu of land, the soil covering depth is 3cm-5cm, the humidity in the greenhouse is controlled to be 70% -90% after the sowing is finished, and the temperature is 15-18 ℃.
10. The cultivation method of morel according to claim 8, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), hypha culture is divided into two stages, the temperature is kept at 10-15 ℃ in the early stage, the humidity is 80-90%, and the total time is 20 d; and keeping the temperature at 5-10 ℃ and the humidity at 80% in the later period for 15 d.
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| CN202210586459.9A CN115039640A (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Morchella cultivation device and method of integrated photovoltaic greenhouse |
| DE202023101136.5U DE202023101136U1 (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2023-03-09 | Integrated photovoltaic greenhouse cultivation device for morels |
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| CN117490769B (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-05-17 | 湖北城市建设职业技术学院 | Warmhouse booth environmental monitoring device |
| CN118020532A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-05-14 | 武汉商学院 | Intelligent agricultural monitoring and adjusting system and control method thereof |
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