CN115001284A - Isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit and control strategy thereof - Google Patents

Isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit and control strategy thereof Download PDF

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CN115001284A
CN115001284A CN202210704364.2A CN202210704364A CN115001284A CN 115001284 A CN115001284 A CN 115001284A CN 202210704364 A CN202210704364 A CN 202210704364A CN 115001284 A CN115001284 A CN 115001284A
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circuit
capacitor
full bridge
inductor
isolated single
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孙照明
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Mingzhilan Jiangsu Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Mingzhilan Jiangsu Electronic Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
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    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
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    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
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    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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    • H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

An isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit comprising a single-stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit, said single-stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit comprising an EMC filter circuit disposed between V1 and V2, an active full bridge, a bidirectional power converter, and a rectifier circuit and an auxiliary power circuit connected to one side of the active full bridge, said EMC filter circuit comprising an input filter inductor circuit disposed between V1 and the active full bridge; the input filter inductance circuit, the active full bridge and the bidirectional power converter are sequentially connected from V1 to V2; the bidirectional power converter and the auxiliary power circuit are in an isolated state between V1 and V2. Compared with the traditional scheme, the invention has the advantages that one-stage power conversion is omitted, and a plurality of large-size components are omitted, so that the cost is low, the size is small, and the weight is light under the condition of realizing the same power conversion; the circuit works in a resonance state, ZVS/ZCS can be realized, and the working efficiency is higher; is suitable for the charging and discharging application occasions of the battery.

Description

Isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit and control strategy thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply topology and control of storage battery charging and discharging, in particular to an isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit and a control strategy thereof.
Background
The lithium iron phosphate battery is widely applied in markets, such as electric automobiles, outdoor energy storage, household energy storage, car as a house battery, truck parking batteries and the like, and the demands promote the development of bidirectional AC/DC (working on AC/DC when charging the battery, converting AC power into DC power, charging the battery, working on DC/AC when using AC power, namely in an inversion state, and converting the AC power from the battery into AC power to supply power to equipment using general AC power).
In addition, due to popularization of Electric Vehicles (EVs), when some EV owners go out for self-driving or camping, electricity needs to be taken from vehicle-mounted batteries and converted into general alternating current to supply power to field devices (such as an electric cooker and a sound device); meanwhile, if the electric power is insufficient, the vehicle owners also want to charge the vehicle by using alternating current or solar energy; the scheme of the invention can realize that alternating current is used for charging the vehicle, solar energy is used for charging the vehicle, and alternating current is output to meet outdoor requirements, and the like by one power supply, and the solar energy vehicle charging system has great convenience (only one power supply needs to be carried, is smaller and lighter than other power supplies).
The formation and capacity grading link of lithium battery production needs to charge and discharge the lithium battery, the initial solution is to use resistance to discharge, and the larger the battery capacity is, the higher the energy consumption and the cost of the scheme are; at present, the method is basically switched to use a bidirectional AC/DC power supply to realize component capacitance.
By combining the various application scenes, under the large background of carbon peak reaching and carbon balance requirements, power supplies such as bidirectional AC/DC (alternating current/direct current) become indispensable key equipment for daily production and life.
Bidirectional AC/DC currently on the market are all basically implemented in a two-stage bidirectional conversion topology. See fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the conventional solution includes a pre-stage PFC or inversion plus post-stage isolation bi-directional DC/DC two-stage power conversion.
Conventional bidirectional AC/DC power supplies, such as bidirectional AC/DC for outdoor energy storage, home energy storage, and lithium battery formation and capacity grading, typically employ a two-stage power topology; a PFC which is not isolated at the front stage and an LLC which is isolated at the rear stage; both of these stages are bi-directional.
When operating in the AC/DC state, the power flow is from left to right in FIG. 1; alternating current from a power grid is added to the upper graph L, N, a capacitor C1, a PFC inductor Lpfc, two bridge arms Q11-Q14 (two bridge arms are formed by 4 MOS) and an output capacitor Cbus form a boost PFC circuit, the input alternating current is boosted, and the PFC function is realized; and then the rear full bridge LLC (full bridge Q21-Q24, resonant inductor Lr, resonant capacitor Cr, excitation inductor Lm, transformer T1, full bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 and capacitor Co) realizes DC/DC, and converts the voltage of the bus into the required voltage for output.
When operating in the inversion state, the power flow direction is from right to left in fig. 1; the voltage on Vo is firstly converted into a proper voltage on a bus Cbus by a post-stage isolation bidirectional DC/DC (full bridge LLC), and then the voltage on the Cbus is inverted and output to L, N by a front-stage PFC or inversion circuit (working in an inversion state at this time), so that the output of alternating current is realized.
In the above-mentioned existing solution, the problem of the two-stage scheme is mainly: large volume, low efficiency and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Compared with the traditional scheme, the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit has less one-stage power conversion and a plurality of large-size components, so that the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit has low cost, small volume and light weight under the condition of realizing the same power conversion; the circuit works in a resonance state, ZVS/ZCS can be realized, and the working efficiency is higher; the method is suitable for the charging and discharging application occasions of the battery; the technical problem can be effectively solved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit comprising a single-stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit, characterized in that: the single-stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit comprises an EMC filter circuit arranged between V1 and V2, an active full bridge, a bidirectional power converter, a rectifying circuit and an auxiliary power supply circuit, wherein the rectifying circuit and the auxiliary power supply circuit are connected to one side of the active full bridge, and the EMC filter circuit comprises an input filter inductance circuit arranged between V1 and the active full bridge; the input filter inductance circuit, the active full bridge and the bidirectional power converter are sequentially connected from V1 to V2; the bidirectional power converter and the auxiliary power circuit are in an isolated state between V1 and V2.
Further, the input filter inductor circuit comprises a capacitor C2 arranged between V1+ and V1-, and input filter inductors Lf1 and Lf2 which are respectively connected in series with two ends of the capacitor C2; the rectifier circuit forms full-bridge rectification by a rectifier B1 and a capacitor C3, the full-bridge rectification and an auxiliary power supply circuit are connected between an input filter inductor circuit and an active full bridge, and the rectifier B1, the capacitor C3, inductors Lf1 and Lf2 form a filter for suppressing lightning stroke and surge signals to filter the input lightning stroke and the surge signals.
Further, the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the active full bridge, a full bridge Q21-Q24, a resonant inductor Lr, a resonant capacitor Cr, a magnetizing inductor Lm, a transformer T1, a full bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 and a capacitor Co which are connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, and a switch K1 connected to two ends of the resonant inductor Lr, wherein the third end of the switch K1 is connected to one end of the magnetizing inductor Lm; and a switch K2 connected to two ends of the resonance capacitor Cr, wherein the third end of the switch K2 is connected to the other end of the excitation inductor Lm.
Furthermore, the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the active full bridge, a symmetrical half bridge Q21 and Q23 connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, resonant capacitors Cr1 and Cr2 connected to the two ends of the symmetrical half bridge, a resonant inductor Lr, an excitation inductor Lm, a transformer T1, a push-pull rectifier Q32, a Q34 and a capacitor Co connected to the middle of the symmetrical half bridge Q21 and the Q23 and the middle of the resonant capacitors Cr1 and Cr2, and a switch K1 connected to the two ends of the resonant inductor Lr, wherein the third end of the switch K1 is connected to one end of the excitation inductor Lm; and a switch K2 connected to two ends of the vibration capacitor Cr, wherein the third end of the switch K2 is connected to the other end of the excitation inductor Lm.
Furthermore, the input filter inductors Lf1 and Lf2 use two independent inductors, or use a differential mode inductor formed by two coils coupled to a magnetic ring; the switch K1 and the switch K2 can be implemented by two independently controllable switches or by a double-pole double-throw relay.
Further, the input filter inductance circuit comprises a capacitor C2 arranged between V1+ and V1-, and an inductor Lf1 connected with the positive pole of the capacitor C2 in series; the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the active full bridge, and the rectifying circuit and the auxiliary power circuit are connected between the active full bridge and the capacitor C1; the rectifying circuit is composed of a power frequency diode D1 and a capacitor C3.
Further, the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the active full bridge, a full bridge Q21-Q24 connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, an exciting inductor Lm2 connected to the middle point of two bridge arms in the full bridge Q21-Q24, a resonant capacitor Cr connected to the middle point of the bridge arms Q21 and Q23, a resonant inductor Lr connected to the middle point of the bridge arms Q22 and Q24, an exciting inductor Lm connected between the resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr, a transformer T1 connected to the rear side of the exciting inductor Lm, a full bridge Q31-Q34, a capacitor Co and a switch K3 connected to the transformer T1 and used for switching different turn ratios of the transformer T1.
Furthermore, the magnetizing inductor Lm2, and/or the resonant capacitor Cr, and/or the resonant inductor Lr, and/or the magnetizing inductor Lm, and/or the relay K3 connected to the transformer T1 may also be connected to the middle of the full-bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 on the V2 side, and the magnetizing inductor Lm2, and/or the resonant capacitor Cr, and/or the magnetizing inductor Lm, and/or the relay K3 may be connected to the full-bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 in the same manner as that of the full-bridge rectifier Q21-Q24.
Further, the exciting inductance Lm exists independently, or is realized by using the self inductance of the transformer T1.
Furthermore, the active full bridge consists of Q11, Q12, Q13 and Q14; when the V1 is input, the active full bridge switches the AC or DC input voltage of V1 to a voltage signal with positive or negative polarity or with a certain polarity switched to the voltage signal with positive and negative polarities on the capacitor C1; when the V1 is output, the active full bridge switches the steamed bread wave signal or the direct current signal output to the capacitor C1 by the bidirectional power converter into output alternating current or direct current with required polarity.
Furthermore, the operating frequency of the active full bridge is the input or output frequency of V1, and when V1 is direct current, Q11& Q14 are fixed to be turned on or Q12& Q13 are turned on according to the polarity of V1.
Further, when the V1 is an ac input, the bidirectional power converter converts the steamed bread wave voltage signal on the capacitor C1 into a dc voltage of V2;
when the V1 is the direct current input, the bidirectional power converter converts the direct current voltage signal on the capacitor C1 into the direct current of V2, or realizes MPPT through a control algorithm, thereby realizing the function of a photovoltaic DC/DC converter;
under the condition that the V2 is input and the V1 is output as alternating current, the bidirectional power converter converts a signal on the capacitor Co into a steamed bread wave signal on the capacitor C1 and then converts the steamed bread wave signal into alternating current of V1 through an active full bridge to output;
when the input voltage V2 is input and the output voltage V1 is direct current, the bidirectional power converter converts a signal on the capacitor Co into a direct current signal on the capacitor C1, and then the direct current signal is converted into direct current polarity required by the output voltage V1 through an active full bridge.
Furthermore, the switches used in the active full-bridge and bidirectional power converters are controllable switches, and the controllable switches can adopt silicon MOSFETs, SiC MOSFETs, GaN MOSFETs and IGBTs.
Furthermore, the auxiliary power supply circuit takes power from the capacitor C3 on the side of V1 and/or the capacitor Co on the side of V2.
A control strategy of an isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit is mainly applied to the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit; the device is used for realizing isolation of high-power AC/DC, off-grid DC/AC, grid-connected DC/AC, DC/DC and photovoltaic MPPT DC/DC, and is characterized in that: the strategy only uses one-stage power conversion and mainly works in a resonance state, and the specific control strategy is as follows: when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit works in a direction from V1 to V2, two loops of a V2 voltage loop and a V2 current loop are used, wherein the two loops are in a fast loop mode and a slow loop mode respectively; and the fast loop mode and the slow loop mode switch two sets of parameters according to requirements.
Further, the switching between the fast loop mode and the slow loop mode can be realized by using an analog circuit, or by using an MCU at the V2 side; when the analog circuit is used for realizing the switching of the two loops, one set of circuit can be used for realizing the switching of partial parameters, or two sets of completely independent analog circuits can be used for realizing the switching; each set of analog circuitry includes two loops.
Further, when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit works in AC/DC from V1 to V2 directions, power factor correction on the V1 side and control on voltage and current on the V2 side are realized by using a slow outer ring and a fast current inner ring; the current inner loop is realized by digital operation by using a DSP at the V1 side; the slow outer ring uses a V2 voltage ring and a V2 current ring; the fast current loop is that the current waveform of the control Rs1 tracks the voltage waveform of the Vc 1.
Further, when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit works in a direction from V1 to V2, the full bridge Q21-Q24 or the symmetrical half bridges Q21 and Q23 work in an active switching state, and the full bridge Q31-Q34 or the push-pull switches Q33 and Q34 work in a synchronous rectification state; conversely, when the circuit is operated in the direction from V2 to V1, the full bridge Q31-Q34 or the push-pull switches Q33 and Q34 are operated in an active switching state, and the full bridge Q21-Q24 or the symmetrical half bridges Q21 and Q23 are operated in a synchronous rectification state.
Furthermore, the active switching state can work in a variable frequency driving state, a constant frequency and variable duty ratio driving state or a constant frequency and variable phase driving state according to different output states of the loop.
Further, when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit operates in an AC/DC mode, i.e., V1 to V2, or in a DC/AC mode, i.e., V2 to V1, the core control targets are that the power flowing is controlled to be proportional to | sin (ω t) | 2; where ω is an angular frequency of the frequency on the V1 side.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the traditional prior art, the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit and the control strategy thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the traditional scheme, the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit in the technical scheme has the advantages that one-stage power conversion is omitted, and a plurality of large-size components such as PFC (power factor correction) or inverter inductors, a bus large electrolytic capacitor and the like are omitted; therefore, the cost is low, the volume is small and the weight is light under the condition of realizing the same power conversion; the circuit works in a resonance state, ZVS/ZCS can be realized, and the working efficiency is higher; is suitable for the charging and discharging application occasions of the battery.
(2) Compared with the prior art, the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit in the technical scheme can realize soft switching through Q21-Q24 in an active full bridge and Q31-Q34 in a bidirectional power converter, wherein Q11-Q14 works in a power frequency (50 Hz or 60Hz, V1 is an alternating current input or alternating current output state) or a fixed conduction state (V1 is an input direct current or an output direct current); Q11-Q14 in the circuit do not work in a switching state or have extremely low switching frequency, so that the switching loss is basically negligible; therefore, the efficiency is greatly improved, and the practicability is obvious.
(3) The isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit in the technical scheme can also realize the switching between a fast loop mode and a slow loop mode through software or an analog circuit, realizes the requirements of different transformations, has multiple functions and greatly expands the application.
(4) The input filter inductance circuit (Lf 1, Lf2 and C2 parts) in the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit in the technical scheme is a part of a V1 side filter, and Lf1, Lf2, B1 and C3 form a filter for inhibiting lightning stroke and surge signals, so that the filter can filter the input lightning stroke and the surge signals.
(5) In the technical scheme, double-pole double-throw switches K1 and K2 are additionally arranged in the bidirectional power converter, so that the bidirectional power converter is turned to the right side when V1 is converted to V2 and is connected with the left side of a transformer in parallel, and is turned to the left side when V2 is converted to V1 and is connected with the midpoints of two groups of switches, so that the effect of controlling conversion gain is achieved; isolated bidirectional conversion is realized.
(6) In the technical scheme, the position of a resonant inductor Lm is variable by switching a double-pole double-throw relay in a bidirectional power converter in the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit so as to control gains in power conversion in different directions; when operating at AC/DC or DC/AC, the power flowing is proportional to | sin (ω t) & gtceiling 2 Therefore, the working frequency variation range of the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit is far larger than that of the traditional full-bridge LLC.
(7) The technical scheme realizes different wave-emitting modes through Q21-Q24 in an active full bridge and Q31-Q34 in a bidirectional power converter, and the bidirectional power converter works in two possible modes: a. working in a frequency conversion + duty ratio changing mode (when a frequency boundary is reached, the duty ratio is changed); b. working in a frequency conversion and phase shift mode (the phase shift is started when a frequency boundary is reached); further optimizing efficiency and reducing the range of frequency variation.
(8) Compared with the solution in the prior art, the technical scheme has better engineering practicability and can obtain higher efficiency and smaller volume and weight. The solar charging device is particularly suitable for commercial power charging, solar charging, inversion discharging and the like related to the battery; the multifunctional vehicle is multipurpose, light and small, and is convenient to carry on a vehicle and carry when going out.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional AC/DC two-stage bidirectional conversion topology on the market at present.
Fig. 2 is an overall circuit diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the active full-bridge section in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is an overall circuit diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an overall circuit diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an overall circuit diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an overall circuit diagram of embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an overall circuit diagram of embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an overall control block diagram of the bidirectional power converters of embodiments 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a small signal model of the bidirectional power converter using control strategy a in the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the DSP performing wave-sending according to the value of Icomp1 when the bidirectional power converter of the present invention uses the control strategy a.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms when the bidirectional power converter switches from V1 to V2.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the wave-making mode of the control Q31-Q34 when the bidirectional power converter is switched from the V2 direction to the V1 direction.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1:
an isolated single stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit comprising a single stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit, characterized in that: the single-stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit comprises an EMC filter circuit arranged between V1 and V2, an active full bridge, a bidirectional power converter, a rectifying circuit and an auxiliary power supply circuit, wherein the rectifying circuit and the auxiliary power supply circuit are connected to one side of the active full bridge, and the EMC filter circuit comprises an input filter inductance circuit arranged between V1 and the active full bridge; the input filter inductance circuit, the active full bridge and the bidirectional power converter are sequentially connected from V1 to V2; the bidirectional power converter and the auxiliary power circuit are in an isolation state between V1 and V2.
As shown in fig. 2, the input filter inductor circuit includes a capacitor C2 disposed between V1+ and V1-, and input filter inductors Lf1 and Lf2 respectively connected in series with two ends of the capacitor C2; the rectifier circuit forms full-bridge rectification by a rectifier B1 and a capacitor C3, the full-bridge rectification and an auxiliary power supply circuit are connected between an input filter inductor circuit and an active full bridge, and the rectifier B1, the capacitor C3, inductors Lf1 and Lf2 form a filter for suppressing lightning stroke and surge signals to filter the input lightning stroke and the surge signals.
The active full bridge consists of Q11, Q12, Q13 and Q14; when the voltage V1 is input, the active full bridge switches the positive or negative voltage of the AC or DC input voltage of the voltage V1 or a certain polarity into a voltage signal with the positive top and the negative bottom on the capacitor C1; when the output is V1, the active full bridge switches the steamed bread wave signal or the direct current signal output to the capacitor C1 by the bidirectional power converter into the output alternating current or the direct current with the required polarity.
The working frequency of the active full bridge is the input or output frequency of V1, and when V1 is direct current, Q11& Q14 are fixed according to the polarity of V1, or Q12& Q13 are fixed.
The bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of an active full bridge, a full bridge Q21-Q24, a resonant inductor Lr, a resonant capacitor Cr, an excitation inductor Lm, a transformer T1, full bridge rectification Q31-Q34 and a capacitor Co which are connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, and a switch K1 connected to two ends of the resonant inductor Lr, wherein the third end of the switch K1 is connected to one end of the excitation inductor Lm; and a switch K2 connected to two ends of the resonance capacitor Cr, wherein the third end of the switch K2 is connected to the other end of the excitation inductor Lm.
When the V1 is input as alternating current, the bidirectional power converter converts the steamed bread wave voltage signal on the capacitor C1 into direct current of V2;
when the V1 is the direct current input, the bidirectional power converter converts the direct current voltage signal on the capacitor C1 into the direct current of V2, or realizes MPPT through a control algorithm, thereby realizing the function of a photovoltaic DC/DC converter;
under the condition that the V2 is input and the V1 is output as alternating current, the bidirectional power converter converts a signal on the capacitor Co into a steamed bread wave signal on the capacitor C1 and then converts the steamed bread wave signal into alternating current of V1 through an active full bridge to output;
when the input voltage V2 is input and the output voltage V1 is direct current, the bidirectional power converter converts a signal on the capacitor Co into a direct current signal on the capacitor C1, and then the direct current signal is converted into direct current polarity required by the output voltage V1 through an active full bridge.
The input filter inductors Lf1 and Lf2 use two independent inductors, or use a differential mode inductor formed by two coils coupled to a magnetic ring.
The switch K1 and the switch K2 can be implemented by two independently controllable switches or by a double-pole double-throw relay.
The switches used in the active full-bridge and the bidirectional power converter are controllable switches, and the controllable switches can adopt any one of silicon MOSFET, SiC MOSFET, GaN MOSFET and IGBT tubes, or any combination thereof.
The auxiliary power supply circuit takes power from a capacitor C3 at the side of V1.
The active full-bridge section operates according to the principle shown in fig. 3. Take V1 as 220Vac input or output for example.
Neglecting the influence of C2, Lf1 and Lf2, when V1 is 220Vac input, as shown in fig. 3, if V1 is positive, H11 and H12 are high level to control Q11 and Q14 to be on (L11 and L12 are low level), Vc1= V1; if V1 is negative, L11 and L12 are high, and Q12 and Q13 are controlled to be on (H11 and H12 are low), then Vc1= -V1; a signal of the absolute value of V1 can be obtained at C1.
Neglecting the influence of C2 and Lf1, Lf2, when V1 is 220Vac output, the steamed bread wave shown in fig. 3 is obtained on C1 by the bidirectional power converter (energy flows from right to left); if V1 is desired to be positive, H11 and H12 are high to control Q11 and Q14 to be on (L11 and L12 are low), V1= Vc 1; if V1 is negative, L11 and L12 are high, and Q12 and Q13 are controlled to be on (H11 and H12 are low), then V1= -Vc 1; a sine wave signal can be obtained at V1.
When V1 is dc, it is different from that shown in fig. 3, but simpler; v1 is given as a positive example. When V1 is input, H11 and H12 are always high, and Q11 and Q14 are always on (L11 and L12 are always low), then Vc1= V1; when V1 is output, H11 and H12 are always high, and Q11 and Q14 are always on (L11 and L12 are always low), then V1= Vc 1.
Thus, the active full-bridge section realizes bidirectional polarity switching between V1 and Vc 1.
The bidirectional power converter has a plurality of working modes, and the working principle and the working mode of the bidirectional power converter are shown in embodiment 7, and are not repeatedly explained here.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, the V1 side of the bidirectional power converter can be changed into a symmetrical half bridge, and the V2 side of the bidirectional power converter can be changed into a push-pull mode, so that the technical problem can be solved, and the purpose of the invention is achieved. The specific alternatives are as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, the bidirectional power converter includes a capacitor C1 connected to the positive and negative poles of the active full bridge, a symmetrical half bridge Q21 and Q23 connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, resonant capacitors Cr1 and Cr2 connected to the two ends of the symmetrical half bridge, a resonant inductor Lr, an excitation inductor Lm, a transformer T1, symmetrical half bridge rectifiers Q32 and Q34 and a capacitor Co connected to the middle of the symmetrical half bridge Q21 and Q23 and the middle of the resonant capacitors Cr1 and Cr2, and a switch K1 connected to the two ends of the resonant inductor Lr, wherein the third end of the switch K1 is connected to one end of the excitation inductor Lm; and a switch K2 connected with two ends of the vibration capacitor Cr, wherein the third end of the switch K2 is connected with the other end of the magnetizing inductor Lm.
The input filter inductors Lf1 and Lf2 use two independent inductors, or use a differential mode inductor formed by two coils coupled to a magnetic loop.
The switch K1 and the switch K2 can be implemented by two independently controllable switches or by a double-pole double-throw relay.
Other structures and the connection relationship between the structures in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and the description thereof is not repeated.
Example 3:
on the basis of embodiment 1, only one input filter inductor can be used, and the full-bridge rectification between the input filter inductor and the active full bridge is changed to be connected to the C1, and at the moment, only one power frequency diode is needed. An Lm2 connected with the middle points of the two bridge arms can be added, so that the switching of a relay is avoided, and the switching time is shortened; in addition, a switch can be added to the transformer T1 to switch different turn ratios, so that efficiency optimization and function realization are facilitated; finally, the positions of the resonant inductor Lr and the resonant capacitor Cr can be interchanged. The technical problem can be solved, and the aim of the invention is achieved. The specific alternatives are as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, the input filter inductor circuit includes a capacitor C2 disposed between V1+ and V1-, and an inductor Lf1 connected in series with the positive electrode of the capacitor C2; the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the active full bridge, and the rectifying circuit and the auxiliary power circuit are connected between the active full bridge and the capacitor C1; the rectifying circuit is composed of a power frequency diode D1 and a capacitor C3.
The bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of an active full bridge, a full bridge Q21-Q24 connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, a magnetizing inductor Lm2 connected to the middle point of two bridge arms in the full bridge Q21-Q24, a resonant capacitor Cr connected to the middle point of the bridge arms Q21 and Q23, a resonant inductor Lr connected to the middle point of the bridge arms Q22 and Q24, a magnetizing inductor Lm connected between the resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr, a transformer T1 connected to the rear side of the magnetizing inductor Lm, a full bridge rectifier Q31-Q34, a capacitor Co, and a switch relay K3 connected to the transformer T1 and used for switching different turn ratios of the transformer T1.
The magnetizing inductance Lm exists independently or is realized by using the self inductance of the transformer T1.
Other structures and the connection relationship between the structures in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and the description thereof is not repeated.
Example 4:
on the basis of embodiment 3, any one of the magnetizing inductance Lm2, the resonant capacitance Cr, the resonant inductance Lr, the magnetizing inductance Lm, the relay K3, or any combination thereof may be moved to the V2 side; the technical problem can be solved, and the aim of the invention is achieved. The specific alternatives are as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, the magnetizing inductor Lm2, the resonant capacitor Cr, the resonant inductor Lr, the magnetizing inductor Lm, and the relay K3 connected to the transformer T1 may be connected to the middle of the full-bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 on the V2 side, and the magnetizing inductor Lm2, the resonant capacitor Cr, the resonant inductor Lr, the magnetizing inductor Lm, and the relay K3 may be connected to the full-bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 in the same manner as that of the full-bridge rectifier Q21-Q24.
The exciting inductance Lm exists independently or is realized by using the self inductance of the transformer T1.
Other structures and the connection relationship between the structures in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 3, and the description thereof is not repeated.
Example 5:
on the basis of the embodiments 1, 2, 3 and 4, the auxiliary power supply circuit can also take power from the side of V1 and the side of V2 at the same time, so that the technical problem can be solved and the aim of the invention can be achieved. The specific alternatives are as follows:
as shown in fig. 7, the auxiliary power supply circuit draws power from the capacitor C3 on the V1 side and the capacitor Co on the V2 side. The auxiliary power supply may be implemented using two separate auxiliary power transformers.
The auxiliary power supply circuit of the embodiment has a key characteristic, can share the transformer, and supplies power from two sides and inputs the power to two isolated coils of the same auxiliary power supply transformer.
Other structures and the connection relationship between the structures in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail again.
Although this embodiment is only based on embodiment 1 (fig. 2) and changes the connection method of the auxiliary power supply circuit, the connection method of this embodiment can be also adopted in the auxiliary power supply circuit in embodiment 2 (fig. 4), embodiment 3 (fig. 5), and embodiment 4 (fig. 6).
Example 6:
on the basis of the embodiments 1, 2, 3 and 4, the auxiliary power circuit can be powered from the side of V2, so that the technical problem can be solved and the invention can be achieved. The specific alternatives are as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, the auxiliary power supply circuit draws power from the capacitor Co on the V2 side. When the auxiliary power supply takes power from the capacitor Co at the V2 side, the rectifying circuit at the V1 side can be continuously reserved or removed. The rectifying circuit on the V1 side is removed, which affects the lightning protection effect on the V1 side, resulting in a poor lightning protection effect, but does not affect the realization of the functions in the purpose of the invention in the whole embodiment.
Other structures and the connection relationship between the structures in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and the description thereof is not repeated.
Although this embodiment is only based on embodiment 1 (fig. 2) and changes the connection method of the auxiliary power supply circuit, the connection method of this embodiment can be also adopted in the auxiliary power supply circuit in embodiment 2 (fig. 4), embodiment 3 (fig. 5), and embodiment 4 (fig. 6).
Example 7:
a control strategy of an isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit is mainly applied to the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topology circuit described in embodiments 1 to 6; the device is used for realizing isolation of high-power AC/DC, off-grid DC/AC, grid-connected DC/AC, DC/DC and photovoltaic MPPT DC/DC, and is characterized in that: the strategy only uses one-stage power conversion and mainly works in a resonance state, and the specific control strategy is as follows: when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit works in a direction from V1 to V2, two loops of a V2 voltage loop and a V2 current loop are used, wherein the two loops are in a fast loop mode and a slow loop mode respectively; and the fast loop mode and the slow loop mode switch two sets of parameters according to requirements.
The switching between the fast loop mode and the slow loop mode can be realized by using an analog circuit or by an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) at the V2 side; when the analog circuit is used for realizing the switching of the two loops, one set of circuit can be used for realizing the switching of partial parameters, or two sets of completely independent analog circuits are used for realizing the switching; each set of analog circuitry includes two loops.
When the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit works in AC/DC from V1 to V2, the power factor correction of a V1 side and the control of voltage and current of a V2 side are realized by using a slow outer ring and a fast current inner ring; the current inner loop is realized by digital operation by using a DSP at the V1 side; the slow outer ring uses a V2 voltage ring and a V2 current ring; the fast current loop is that the current waveform of the control Rs1 tracks the voltage waveform of Vc 1.
When the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit works in a direction from V1 to V2, the full bridge Q21-Q24 or the symmetrical half bridges Q21 and Q23 work in an active switching state, and the full bridge Q31-Q34 or the push-pull switches Q33 and Q34 work in a synchronous rectification state; conversely, when the circuit is operated in the direction from V2 to V1, the full bridge Q31-Q34 or the push-pull switches Q33 and Q34 are operated in an active switching state, and the full bridge Q21-Q24 or the symmetrical half bridges Q21 and Q23 are operated in a synchronous rectification state.
The active switch state can work in a variable frequency driving state, a constant frequency variable duty ratio driving state or a constant frequency shift phase driving state according to different output states of the loop.
When the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit works in an AC/DC mode, namely V1 to V2 direction, or works in a DC/AC mode, namely V2 to V1 direction, the core control aim is to control the flowing power to be proportional to | sin (ω t) | 2 (ii) a Where ω is an angular frequency of the frequency on the V1 side.
The bi-directional power converter has multiple operating modes, and V2 is connected with a battery by default. The specific operation principle and operation mode of the bidirectional power converter are as follows. The overall control block diagram of the bi-directional power converter is shown in fig. 9.
In the control strategy of the embodiment, the bidirectional power converter has a plurality of working modes, the V2 is connected with a battery by default, and small signal algorithm and wave sending in different working modes are completed by the DSP at the V1 side. The following list details.
Figure 2
The wave-generating method of the bidirectional power converter in embodiment 1 will be described in detail.
The mode B can be regarded as a special case of the mode a (Vc 1 is constantly changed) (Vc 1 is constantly changed), the mode C is a frequency-sweeping operating mode in which the MPPT on the V1 side is added on the basis of the mode B (generally, the V2 voltage loop and the current loop are in a saturated state — the set voltage value and the set current value of V2 are not reached), and in this mode, the wave-generating frequency (or the duty ratio or the phase-shifting angle) is constantly changed, so that the output power is changed, and further, the voltage and the current on the V1 side are changed (at this time, the V1 side is generally a solar panel), so that the power on the V1 side is changed, and in this process, the wave-generating output is always changed toward the direction of the power on the V1 side; the wave-sending mode of B and C can be understood through the wave-sending process description of the mode A.
The mode E is added with the voltage phase synchronization and current sharing functions of the V1 side on the basis of the mode D, and the wave sending modes are the same; the mode F is to inject current into the power grid in a current source mode, and the wave generation mode is the same as the mode D; mode G corresponds to a special case of mode D (Vc 1 remains unchanged as output voltage); the wave-making process of mode D is sufficient to understand the wave-making modes of E, F and G.
The wave generation mode in the operation of the circuit of embodiment 1 will be described in detail with reference to mode a and mode D.
When operating in mode a, Lm is switched in parallel with the left side of transformer T1 by K1, K2; the small signal model of the current fast loop is shown in fig. 10. Vc1s is the sampled value of Vc1, and Vcomp1 is the voltage and current loop output of V2, see FIG. 9 for details. The correlation calculation of fig. 10 is completed by the DSP on the V1 side, and the DSP on the V1 side performs wave generation according to Icomp1 (current loop output of V1).
The DSP performs wave sending according to the value of Icomp1 (maximum value is C, minimum value is 0), and the wave sending principle is shown in fig. 11. When the value of Icomp1 is between B and C, the wave frequency of the DSP is between fs _ MAX and fs _ min (the duty ratio is slightly less than 50%, and enough ZVS dead time can be maintained); when the value of Icomp1 is less than B, DSP sends wave to maintain the highest frequency fs _ MAX, and starts to reduce duty cycle or increase phase shift angle (to reduce the time of voltage applied to the resonant network) to achieve the purpose of reducing output power; when the value of Icomp1 is less than A, the wave generation is stopped to control the output voltage.
The detailed driving waveforms are schematically shown in fig. 12, (H21, H22, L21 and L22 correspond to fig. 2 in embodiment 1). Note that either the fixed-frequency-variable duty cycle or the fixed-frequency phase shift is selected for practical use, and not both are used. At this time, Q31-Q34 work in a synchronous rectification (the corresponding switch is controlled to be conducted by the forward current) state.
When working in mode D, Lm is switched by K1, K2 to connect with two midpoints of a full bridge consisting of Q21-Q24; the small signal model is a simple voltage loop (usually there is also a current loop) that controls Vc1 to be a steamed bread wave (= Ka x | sin (ω x t) |), and then the DSP sends the wave in the same way as in fig. 7, but with different parameters for fs _ MAX, fs _ MIN, a, B, and C, depending on the voltage loop output.
After the frequency and duty cycle (or phase shift angle) are determined according to fig. 11, the on-off of Q31-Q34 is wave-controlled in the manner of fig. 13. Note that either the fixed-frequency-variable duty cycle or the fixed-frequency phase shift is selected for practical use, and not both are used. At this time, Q21-Q24 are operated in a synchronous rectification (the corresponding switch is controlled to be conducted by the forward current).

Claims (20)

1. An isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit comprising a single-stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit, characterized in that: the single-stage bidirectional AC/DC or DC/DC circuit comprises an EMC filter circuit arranged between V1 and V2, an active full bridge, a bidirectional power converter, a rectifying circuit and an auxiliary power supply circuit, wherein the rectifying circuit and the auxiliary power supply circuit are connected to one side of the active full bridge, and the EMC filter circuit comprises an input filter inductance circuit arranged between V1 and the active full bridge; the input filter inductance circuit, the active full bridge and the bidirectional power converter are sequentially connected from V1 to V2; the bidirectional power converter and the auxiliary power circuit are in an isolated state between V1 and V2.
2. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 1, wherein: the input filter inductor circuit comprises a capacitor C2 arranged between V1+ and V1-, and input filter inductors Lf1 and Lf2 which are respectively connected with two ends of the capacitor C2 in series; the rectifier circuit forms full-bridge rectification by a rectifier B1 and a capacitor C3, the full-bridge rectification and an auxiliary power supply circuit are connected between an input filter inductor circuit and an active full bridge, and the rectifier B1, the capacitor C3, inductors Lf1 and Lf2 form a filter for suppressing lightning stroke and surge signals to filter the input lightning stroke and the surge signals.
3. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 2, wherein: the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of an active full bridge, a full bridge Q21-Q24, a resonant inductor Lr, a resonant capacitor Cr, an excitation inductor Lm, a transformer T1, full bridge rectification Q31-Q34 and a capacitor Co which are connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, and a switch K1 connected to two ends of the resonant inductor Lr, wherein the third end of the switch K1 is connected to one end of the excitation inductor Lm; and a switch K2 connected to two ends of the resonance capacitor Cr, wherein the third end of the switch K2 is connected to the other end of the excitation inductor Lm.
4. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 2, wherein: the bidirectional power converter comprises capacitors C1 connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of an active full bridge, symmetrical half bridges Q21 and Q23 connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, resonant capacitors Cr1 and Cr2 connected to the two ends of the symmetrical half bridges, a resonant inductor Lr, an excitation inductor Lm, a transformer T1, push-pull rectification Q32 and Q34 and a capacitor Co connected to the middles of the symmetrical half bridges Q21 and Q23 and the middles of the resonant capacitors Cr1 and Cr2, and switches K1 connected to the two ends of the resonant inductor Lr, wherein the third end of the switch K1 is connected to one end of the excitation inductor Lm; and a switch K2 connected to two ends of the vibration capacitor Cr, wherein the third end of the switch K2 is connected to the other end of the excitation inductor Lm.
5. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 3 or 4, wherein: the input filter inductors Lf1 and Lf2 use two independent inductors or use a differential mode inductor formed by two coils coupled to a magnetic ring; the switch K1 and the switch K2 can be implemented by two independently controllable switches or by a double-pole double-throw relay.
6. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 1, wherein: the input filter inductance circuit comprises a capacitor C2 arranged between V1+ and V1-, and an inductor Lf1 connected with the positive pole of the capacitor C2 in series; the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the active full bridge, and the rectifying circuit and the auxiliary power circuit are connected between the active full bridge and the capacitor C1; the rectifying circuit is composed of a power frequency diode D1 and a capacitor C3.
7. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 6, wherein: the bidirectional power converter comprises a capacitor C1 connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of an active full bridge, a full bridge Q21-Q24 connected to the rear side of the capacitor C1, a magnetizing inductor Lm2 connected to the middle point of two bridge arms in the full bridge Q21-Q24, a resonant capacitor Cr connected to the middle point of the bridge arms Q21 and Q23, a resonant inductor Lr connected to the middle point of the bridge arms Q22 and Q24, a magnetizing inductor Lm connected between the resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr, a transformer T1 connected to the rear side of the magnetizing inductor Lm, a full bridge rectifier Q31-Q34, a capacitor Co, and a switch K3 connected to the transformer T1 and used for switching different turn ratios of the transformer T1.
8. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 7, wherein: the magnetizing inductor Lm2, the resonant capacitor Cr, the resonant inductor Lr, the magnetizing inductor Lm and the relay K3 connected to the transformer T1 can be connected to the middle of the full-bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 on the V2 side, and the connection mode of the magnetizing inductor Lm2, the resonant capacitor Cr, the resonant inductor Lr, the magnetizing inductor Lm and the relay K3 connected to the full-bridge rectifier Q31-Q34 is the same as that of the full-bridge rectifier Q21-Q24.
9. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 7 or 8, wherein: the magnetizing inductance Lm exists independently or is realized by using the self inductance of the transformer T1.
10. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of any of claims 1-4, 6-8, wherein: the active full bridge consists of Q11, Q12, Q13 and Q14; when the V1 is input, the active full bridge switches the AC or DC input voltage of V1 to a voltage signal with positive or negative polarity or with a certain polarity switched to the voltage signal with positive and negative polarities on the capacitor C1; when the V1 is output, the active full bridge switches the steamed bread wave signal or the direct current signal output to the capacitor C1 by the bidirectional power converter into output alternating current or direct current with required polarity.
11. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of claim 10, wherein: the working frequency of the active full bridge is the input or output frequency of V1, and when V1 is direct current, Q11& Q14 are switched on or Q12& Q13 are switched on according to the polarity of V1.
12. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of any of claims 1-4, 6-8, 10, wherein: when the V1 is input as alternating current, the bidirectional power converter converts the steamed bread wave voltage signal on the capacitor C1 into direct current of V2;
when the V1 is the direct current input, the bidirectional power converter converts the direct current voltage signal on the capacitor C1 into the direct current of V2, or realizes MPPT through a control algorithm, thereby realizing the function of a photovoltaic DC/DC converter;
under the condition that the V2 is input and the V1 is output as alternating current, the bidirectional power converter converts a signal on the capacitor Co into a steamed bread wave signal on the capacitor C1 and then converts the steamed bread wave signal into alternating current of V1 through an active full bridge to output;
when the input voltage V2 is input and the output voltage V1 is direct current, the bidirectional power converter converts a signal on the capacitor Co into a direct current signal on the capacitor C1, and then the direct current signal is converted into direct current polarity required by the output voltage V1 through an active full bridge.
13. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of any of claims 1-4, 6-8, 10, wherein: the switches used in the active full-bridge and the bidirectional power converter are controllable switches, and the controllable switches can adopt silicon MOSFETs and/or SiC MOSFETs and/or GaN MOSFETs and/or IGBTs.
14. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit of any of claims 1-5, 7-9, 10, wherein: the auxiliary power supply circuit takes power from a capacitor C3 at the side of V1 and/or a capacitor Co at the side of V2.
15. A control strategy for an isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit, primarily for use in an isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit as claimed in claims 1-14; the device is used for realizing isolation of high-power AC/DC, off-grid DC/AC, grid-connected DC/AC, DC/DC and photovoltaic MPPT DC/DC, and is characterized in that: the strategy only uses one-stage power conversion and mainly works in a resonance state, and the specific control strategy is as follows: when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit works in a direction from V1 to V2, two loops of a V2 voltage loop and a V2 current loop are used, wherein the two loops are in a fast loop mode and a slow loop mode respectively; and the fast loop mode and the slow loop mode switch two sets of parameters as required.
16. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit control strategy of claim 15, wherein: the switching between the fast loop mode and the slow loop mode can be realized by using an analog circuit or by an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) at the V2 side; when the analog circuit is used for realizing the switching of the two loops, one set of circuit can be used for realizing the switching of partial parameters, or two sets of completely independent analog circuits can be used for realizing the switching; each set of analog circuitry includes two loops.
17. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit control strategy of claim 15, wherein: when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit works in AC/DC from V1 to V2, the power factor correction of a V1 side and the control of voltage and current of a V2 side are realized by using a slow outer ring and a fast current inner ring; the current inner loop is realized by using a DSP (digital signal processor) at the V1 side to carry out digital operation; the low-speed outer ring uses a V2 voltage ring and a V2 current ring; the fast current loop is that the current waveform of the control Rs1 tracks the voltage waveform of the Vc 1.
18. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit control strategy of claim 15, wherein: when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit works in a direction from V1 to V2, the full bridge Q21-Q24 or the symmetrical half bridges Q21 and Q23 work in an active switching state, and the full bridge Q31-Q34 or the push-pull switches Q33 and Q34 work in a synchronous rectification state; conversely, when the circuit is operated in the direction from V2 to V1, the full-bridge Q31-Q34 or the push-pull switches Q33 and Q34 are operated in an active switching state, and the full-bridge Q21-Q24 or the symmetrical half-bridges Q21 and Q23 are operated in a synchronous rectification state.
19. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit control strategy of claim 18, wherein: the active switch state can work in a variable frequency driving state, a constant frequency and variable duty ratio driving state or a constant frequency and variable duty ratio phase driving state according to different output states of the loop.
20. The isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topology circuit control strategy of claim 15, wherein: when the isolated single-stage bidirectional multi-purpose topological circuit works in an AC/DC mode, namely V1 to V2 direction, or works in a DC/AC mode, namely V2 to V1 direction, the control goal of the core is that the power of the control flow is proportional to | sin (ω t) | 2; where ω is an angular frequency of the frequency on the V1 side.
CN202210704364.2A 2022-06-21 2022-06-21 Isolated single-stage bidirectional multipurpose topological circuit and control strategy thereof Pending CN115001284A (en)

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