CN114992157A - Sealing system of centrifugal compressor - Google Patents

Sealing system of centrifugal compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114992157A
CN114992157A CN202210875661.3A CN202210875661A CN114992157A CN 114992157 A CN114992157 A CN 114992157A CN 202210875661 A CN202210875661 A CN 202210875661A CN 114992157 A CN114992157 A CN 114992157A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
magnetic fluid
centrifugal compressor
sealing system
magnetic
automatic
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Granted
Application number
CN202210875661.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114992157B (en
Inventor
金伟忠
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IHI Sullair Compression Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
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IHI Sullair Compression Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210875661.3A priority Critical patent/CN114992157B/en
Publication of CN114992157A publication Critical patent/CN114992157A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08Sealings
    • F04D29/10Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08Sealings
    • F04D29/10Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/104Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps the sealing fluid being other than the working fluid or being the working fluid treated
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5846Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps cooling by injection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a sealing system of a centrifugal compressor, which seals the centrifugal compressor by mutually matching a labyrinth type air seal component and a magnetic fluid sealing component. Compared with the prior art, the labyrinth air seal piece can isolate the pressure difference caused by the rotation of the impeller, so that the shape and the position of the magnetic fluid are prevented from being changed due to the pressure difference; the magnetic fluid sealing assembly can monitor the thickness of the magnetic fluid in real time under the working state, so that the magnetic fluid is supplemented in time, and the magnetic fluid sealing structure can keep a good sealing effect all the time.

Description

Sealing system of centrifugal compressor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sealing system of a centrifugal compressor, belonging to the technical field of shaft end sealing of the centrifugal compressor.
Background
At present, the main forms of the traditional reciprocating sealing structure comprise hard filler sealing, diaphragm sealing, piston ring sealing and bellows sealing, and the sealing modes have great limitation because the heating value is large, the service life is short and complete sealing is difficult to realize. In order to solve the limitation of the traditional reciprocating sealing structure, in the prior art, magnetic liquid (namely magnetic fluid) is used as the sealing structure, and the magnetic fluid has the characteristics of zero leakage, low friction and long service life as the sealing structure. However, when the magnetic liquid is applied to a centrifugal compressor, the magnetic fluid is heated when the centrifugal compressor works, and partial magnetic fluid is evaporated, so that the sealing effect of the magnetic fluid can be reduced.
In addition, as the magnetic fluid is used as a sealing structure, the shape and the position of the magnetic fluid can change along with the pressure change of the impeller side when in work, when the left side and the right side of the magnetic fluid have no pressure difference, the difference value of the magnetic induction intensity of the left side and the right side is increased, the magnetic force borne by the magnetic fluid is increased, and when the pressure difference of the left side and the right side exceeds the pressure-resistant limit of the magnetic fluid seal, the magnetic fluid is punctured, so that the seal is failed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sealing system of a centrifugal compressor, which has strong pressure resistance and can automatically supplement magnetic fluid according to the thickness of the magnetic fluid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a sealing system of a centrifugal compressor comprises an impeller, a high-speed shaft, a labyrinth air seal element, a magnetic fluid seal assembly and a centrifugal machine shell, wherein the impeller is installed at one end of the high-speed shaft, the high-speed shaft is installed in the centrifugal machine shell, the labyrinth air seal element and the magnetic fluid seal assembly are adjacently arranged along the axial direction of the high-speed shaft and are sleeved between the high-speed shaft and the centrifugal machine shell, the labyrinth air seal element is arranged at one side close to the impeller, the magnetic fluid seal assembly comprises a magnetic fluid seal device, a detection unit, an automatic magnetic fluid supplement device and a control unit, the magnetic fluid seal device comprises a magnetic fluid base, a pole shoe, a permanent magnet and a magnetic fluid, the magnetic fluid base is installed on the centrifugal machine shell, the pole shoe is installed on the magnetic fluid base, and the magnetic fluid is arranged between the pole shoe and the high-speed shaft, the number of the pole shoes is at least three, the pole shoes are separated by the permanent magnets, the detection unit is in signal connection with the control unit, the detection unit detects the inductance on a closed magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic fluid and the detection unit, and the control unit controls the starting of the magnetic fluid automatic supplement device according to the inductance detected by the detection unit; the magnetic fluid automatic supplementing device is arranged on the outer side of the centrifuge shell, the magnetic fluid base and the centrifuge shell are correspondingly provided with the magnetic fluid channel, and the magnetic fluid automatic supplementing device is connected to the magnetic fluid channel.
Furthermore, the detection unit is an induction coil, the magnetic fluid base and the centrifuge shell are provided with through holes which are correspondingly arranged, and the induction coil is connected to the control unit by arranging wires in the through holes.
Further, the induction coil is disposed on the middle pole piece.
Furthermore, pole shoe pole teeth with gradually increased tooth heights are oppositely arranged on the pole shoes on the two sides.
Further, the control unit comprises a signal processing module and a control module, the signal processing module is connected to the induction coil, the signal processing module calculates the thickness of the magnetic fluid according to the inductance detected by the induction coil and sends the thickness of the magnetic fluid to the control module, and the control module controls the magnetic fluid automatic supplement device to be started or closed according to the thickness of the magnetic fluid.
Furthermore, the automatic magnetic fluid replenishing device comprises a magnetic fluid storage tank, a pipeline connecting the magnetic fluid storage tank and the magnetic fluid channel and an automatic valve arranged on the magnetic fluid storage tank or the pipeline, and the control module controls the automatic valve to be opened or closed.
Further, the outlet end of the magnetic current channel on the magnetic fluid base is arranged at one end close to the magnetic fluid.
Furthermore, a cooling runner is arranged on the magnetic fluid base and surrounds one side, close to the pole shoe, of the magnetic fluid base.
Further, centrifugal compressor's sealing system is connected with cooling system, cooling system and cooling runner are connected, cooling system gives provide the coolant liquid in the cooling runner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: this application seals centrifugal compressor through labyrinth gas seal spare and magnetic current body seal assembly mutually supporting. Compared with the prior art, the labyrinth air seal piece can isolate the pressure difference caused by the rotation of the impeller, so that the shape and the position of the magnetic fluid are prevented from being changed due to the pressure difference; the magnetic fluid sealing assembly can monitor the thickness of the magnetic fluid in real time in a working state, so that the magnetic fluid is supplemented in time, and the magnetic fluid sealing structure can keep a good sealing effect all the time.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a centrifugal compressor according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the planar view of part a in bitmap 1.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an impeller 1, a high-speed shaft 2, a labyrinth air seal 3, a magnetic fluid seal assembly 4, and a centrifuge housing 5, wherein the impeller is installed at one end of the high-speed shaft 2, and the high-speed shaft 2 is installed in the centrifuge housing 5. The labyrinth air seal 3 and the magnetic fluid seal assembly 4 are adjacently arranged along the axial direction of the high-speed shaft 2 and are sleeved between the high-speed shaft 2 and the centrifuge shell 5, and the labyrinth air seal 3 is arranged on one side close to the impeller 1. The magnetic fluid seal assembly 4 comprises a magnetic fluid seal device, a detection unit, a magnetic fluid automatic supplement device (not shown) and a control unit (not shown). The magnetic fluid sealing device comprises a magnetic fluid base 42, pole shoes 43, permanent magnets 44 and magnetic fluid 45, wherein the magnetic fluid base 42 is installed on the centrifuge shell 5, the pole shoes 43 are installed on the magnetic fluid base 42, the magnetic fluid 45 is arranged between the pole shoes 43 and the high-speed shaft 2, the number of the pole shoes 43 is at least three, and the pole shoes 43 are separated by the permanent magnets 44. The detection unit is in signal connection with the control unit, the detection unit detects the inductance on a closed magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic fluid 45 and the detection unit, and the control unit controls the automatic magnetic fluid supplementing device to start according to the inductance detected by the detection unit; the automatic magnetic fluid supplementing device is arranged on the outer side of the centrifuge shell 5, the magnetic fluid base 42 and the centrifuge shell 5 are correspondingly provided with a magnetic fluid channel 48, and the automatic magnetic fluid supplementing device is connected to the magnetic fluid channel 48.
The detection unit is an induction coil 46, the magnetic fluid base 42 and the centrifuge shell 5 are provided with correspondingly arranged through holes 47, and the induction coil 46 is connected to the control unit by arranging wires in the through holes 47. In this embodiment, the induction coil 46 is composed of a winding coil and a winding iron core, two ends of the winding iron core are in contact with the magnetic fluid, two ends of the winding iron core and the magnetic fluid are surrounded to form a trapezoid, the winding coil is wound on the lower bottom of the trapezoid, the upper bottom of the trapezoid is composed of the magnetic fluid, the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is smaller, the length is better, but cannot be 0, and the winding coil is made of enameled wire.
In this embodiment, the principle of calculation of the oil film thickness is: the winding iron core and the magnetic fluid form a closed magnetic circuit, the total inductive reactance of the magnetic circuit is equal to the sum of the inductive reactance of the winding coil and the inductive reactance of the magnetic fluid at the upper bottom of the trapezoid, and when the oil film thickness changes, the oil film thickness calculation formula is as follows:
h=(L×g)/(z^2 xb×u f ) H is the thickness of an oil film, and L is the inductance of a magnetic circuit formed by the winding, the iron core and the magnetic fluid; g is the length of the magnetic fluid part at the oil film; z is the number of turns of the sensor winding; u. of f For the magnetic permeability of the magnetic fluid, the thickness of the oil film is represented according to the measured inductance of the magnetic circuit, and the thickness of the oil film can be calculated by substituting a formula as long as the inductance L of the magnetic circuit formed by the winding iron core and the magnetic fluid is measured.
An induction coil 46 is arranged on the central pole piece 43. In the embodiment, the induction coil 46 is disposed on the middle pole piece 43 among the three pole pieces 43, and if the thickness of the magnetic fluid 45 is detected to be insufficient due to the change of the position of the magnetic fluid 45 caused by the pressure difference, one of the pole pieces 43 on the left and right sides can be normally sealed.
In order to improve the sealing and pressure-resisting capability of the magnetic fluid, in this embodiment, pole shoe teeth 49 with gradually increasing tooth heights are oppositely arranged on the pole shoes 43 on both sides, and the difference of magnetic induction intensity of such pole shoe teeth is gradually reduced along with the increase of the height coefficient of the pole teeth.
In order to detect the inductance, in this embodiment, the control unit includes a signal processing module and a control module, the signal processing module is connected to the induction coil 46, the signal processing module calculates the thickness of the magnetic fluid 45 according to the inductance detected by the induction coil 46 and sends the thickness to the control module, and the control module controls the automatic magnetic fluid replenishing device to be turned on or turned off according to the thickness of the magnetic fluid 45. The signal processing module is composed of a signal extraction processing circuit and a power supply, and the induction coil 46 is connected to the signal extraction processing circuit and the power supply, respectively, which is a prior art and therefore will not be described in detail herein.
In this embodiment, the control module is provided with a minimum thickness value of the magnetic fluid 45, and when the measured thickness of the magnetic fluid 45 is less than or equal to the minimum thickness value, the control module controls the magnetic fluid automatic replenishing device to replenish the magnetic fluid 45.
In this embodiment, the magnetic fluid automatic replenishing device includes a magnetic fluid storage reservoir, a pipeline connecting the magnetic fluid storage reservoir and the magnetic fluid channel 48, and an automatic valve disposed on the magnetic fluid storage reservoir or the pipeline, and the control module controls the automatic valve to open or close.
To facilitate replenishment of the magnetic fluid, in this embodiment, the outlet end of the magnetic flow channel 48 in the magnetic fluid base 42 is disposed near one end of the magnetic fluid 45.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency and prevent the magnetic fluid from generating heat seriously, so as to affect the sealing effect, in this embodiment, the magnetic fluid base 42 is provided with a cooling flow channel 48, and the cooling flow channel 48 surrounds one side of the magnetic fluid base 42 close to the pole piece 43.
The sealing system of the centrifugal compressor is connected to a cooling system (not shown) which is connected to the cooling channel 48 and which provides cooling liquid to the cooling channel. In this embodiment, the cooling system may be externally connected separately or may be connected to a cooler of the centrifugal compressor.
The working principle is as follows: when the high-speed shaft 2 drives the impeller 1 to rotate, the cooling system provides cooling liquid to cool the magnetic fluid sealing and binding device, the labyrinth air sealing piece 3 plays a role in first-layer sealing and pressure reduction, pressure difference between two sides of the magnetic fluid 45 caused by rotation of the impeller 1 is eliminated, and therefore pressure resistance of the sealing system is improved. The magnetic fluid sealing device plays a role in sealing the second layer, the induction coil 46 sends the detected inductance to the control unit in real time, when the thickness of the magnetic fluid is insufficient, the control unit controls the automatic magnetic fluid supplementing device to supplement the magnetic fluid 45 according to the thickness of the magnetic fluid 45,
in summary, the following steps: this application seals centrifugal compressor through labyrinth gas seal spare and magnetic current body seal assembly mutually supporting. Compared with the prior art, the labyrinth air seal piece can isolate the pressure difference caused by the rotation of the impeller, thereby preventing the shape and the position of the magnetic fluid from changing due to the pressure difference; the magnetic fluid sealing assembly can monitor the thickness of the magnetic fluid in real time in a working state, so that the magnetic fluid is supplemented in time, and the magnetic fluid sealing structure can keep a good sealing effect all the time.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The sealing system of the centrifugal compressor is characterized by comprising an impeller (1), a high-speed shaft (2), a labyrinth type air seal piece (3), a magnetic fluid seal assembly (4) and a centrifugal machine shell (5), wherein the impeller is installed at one end of the high-speed shaft (2), the high-speed shaft (2) is installed in the centrifugal machine shell (5), the labyrinth type air seal piece (3) and the magnetic fluid seal assembly (4) are adjacently arranged in the axial direction of the high-speed shaft (2) and sleeved between the high-speed shaft (2) and the centrifugal machine shell (5), the labyrinth type air seal piece (3) is arranged close to one side of the impeller (1), the magnetic fluid seal assembly (4) comprises a magnetic fluid sealing device, a detection unit, an automatic magnetic fluid supplement device and a control unit, and the magnetic fluid sealing device comprises a base (42), The magnetic fluid automatic replenishing device comprises pole shoes (43), permanent magnets (44) and magnetic fluid (45), wherein the magnetic fluid base (42) is installed on the centrifugal machine shell (5), the pole shoes (43) are installed on the magnetic fluid base (42), the magnetic fluid (45) is arranged between the pole shoes (43) and the high-speed shaft (2), the number of the pole shoes (43) is at least three, the pole shoes (43) are separated through the permanent magnets (44), the detection unit is in signal connection with the control unit, the detection unit detects inductance on a closed magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic fluid (45) and the detection unit, and the control unit controls the magnetic fluid automatic replenishing device to be started according to the inductance detected by the detection unit; the automatic magnetic fluid supplementing device is arranged on the outer side of the centrifuge shell (5), the magnetic fluid base (42) and the centrifuge shell (5) are correspondingly provided with magnetic fluid channels (48), and the automatic magnetic fluid supplementing device is connected to the magnetic fluid channels (48).
2. The sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection unit is an induction coil (46), the magnetic fluid base (42) and the centrifuge housing (5) are provided with correspondingly arranged through holes (47), the induction coil (46) being connected to the control unit by arranging wires in the through holes (47).
3. Sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that the induction coil (46) is arranged on the middle pole shoe (43).
4. A sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that the pole shoes (43) on both sides are provided with pole shoe pole teeth (49) with gradually increasing tooth heights in opposite directions.
5. The sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 2, wherein the control unit comprises a signal processing module and a control module, the signal processing module is connected to the induction coil (46), the signal processing module calculates the thickness of the magnetic fluid (45) according to the inductance detected by the induction coil (46) and sends the thickness to the control module, and the control module controls the magnetic fluid automatic replenishment device to be started or stopped according to the thickness of the magnetic fluid (45).
6. The sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 5, wherein the magnetic fluid automatic replenishment device comprises a magnetic fluid storage reservoir, a pipeline connecting the magnetic fluid storage reservoir and the magnetic fluid channel (48), and an automatic valve provided on the magnetic fluid storage reservoir or the pipeline, the control module controlling the automatic valve to open or close.
7. A sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 5, characterized in that the outlet end of the magnetic flow channel (48) on the magnetic fluid base (42) is arranged near one end of the magnetic fluid (45).
8. The sealing system of the centrifugal compressor according to claim 7, wherein a cooling flow channel (48) is arranged on the magnetic fluid base (42), and the cooling flow channel (48) surrounds the magnetic fluid base (42) on the side close to the pole shoe (43).
9. The sealing system of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 8, characterized in that a cooling system is connected to the sealing system of the centrifugal compressor, said cooling system being connected to a cooling channel (48), said cooling system providing a cooling liquid in said cooling channel.
CN202210875661.3A 2022-07-25 2022-07-25 Sealing system of centrifugal compressor Active CN114992157B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210875661.3A CN114992157B (en) 2022-07-25 2022-07-25 Sealing system of centrifugal compressor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210875661.3A CN114992157B (en) 2022-07-25 2022-07-25 Sealing system of centrifugal compressor

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CN114992157A true CN114992157A (en) 2022-09-02
CN114992157B CN114992157B (en) 2024-10-15

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4565379A (en) * 1984-05-26 1986-01-21 Gmn Georg Muller Nurnberg Gmbh Magnetic fluid seal
CN105465373A (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-04-06 自贡兆强环保科技股份有限公司 High-performance magnetic liquid sealing structure
CN106015584A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-10-12 广西科技大学 Magnetic-source-series magnetic fluid sealing device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4565379A (en) * 1984-05-26 1986-01-21 Gmn Georg Muller Nurnberg Gmbh Magnetic fluid seal
CN105465373A (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-04-06 自贡兆强环保科技股份有限公司 High-performance magnetic liquid sealing structure
CN106015584A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-10-12 广西科技大学 Magnetic-source-series magnetic fluid sealing device

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