CN114914665A - Antenna and terminal equipment - Google Patents
Antenna and terminal equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114914665A CN114914665A CN202110172915.0A CN202110172915A CN114914665A CN 114914665 A CN114914665 A CN 114914665A CN 202110172915 A CN202110172915 A CN 202110172915A CN 114914665 A CN114914665 A CN 114914665A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The application provides an antenna and a terminal device, so that the working frequency band of the terminal device can be widened. The antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiating body, a feed end and a grounding end, wherein the radiating body is arranged on the dielectric substrate and comprises a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch, wherein: the first branch knot is in an open ring shape, and the head end of the first branch knot is electrically connected with the grounding end; the head end of the second branch is electrically connected with the feed end, and the tail end of the second branch is coupled with the tail end of the first branch; the head end of the third branch is electrically connected with the feed end, and the tail end of the third branch is coupled with the first branch; the head end of the fourth branch is connected with the first branch, and the tail end of the fourth branch is grounded.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of terminal equipment, in particular to an antenna and terminal equipment.
Background
Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) is a wireless broadband access device, which can convert signals sent by a base station into WiFi signals that are commonly used by mobile terminals such as smart phones, tablet computers, and notebook computers, and can simultaneously support multiple mobile terminals to access the internet. At present, with the development of 5G technology, a CPE product newly increases the coverage requirement of a 0.6GHz frequency band, however, the existing Sub-3G antenna scheme only supports the frequency band of 0.7 GHz-0.9 GHz, and the frequency band coverage requirement of the product cannot be met. Therefore, how to widen the working frequency band of the CPE product is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an antenna and a terminal device, which are used for widening the working frequency range of the terminal device and improving the working performance of the terminal device.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna, which may include a dielectric substrate, a radiator, a feeding terminal, and a ground terminal, where the radiator may be disposed on the dielectric substrate, and the radiator may receive and transmit a radio frequency current signal through the feeding terminal. When the antenna is specifically arranged, the radiating body can comprise a first branch knot, a second branch knot, a third branch knot and a fourth branch knot, wherein the first branch knot can be in an open ring shape, and the head end of the first branch knot is electrically connected with the grounding end; the head end of the second branch knot can be electrically connected with the feed end, and the tail end of the second branch knot can be coupled with the tail end of the first branch knot through a capacitor structure, so that a current signal on the second branch knot can be coupled to the first branch knot; the head end of the third branch is electrically connected with the feed end, and the tail end of the third branch can be coupled with the first branch through a capacitor structure, so that the coupling feed of the first branch is realized; the head end of the fourth branch is electrically connected with the first branch, and the tail end of the fourth branch is grounded.
The antenna provided by the application feeds at the head end of second branch and third branch through connecting first branch and earthing terminal, and connect the fourth branch that ground connection set up on first branch, can produce four mode, be the terminal of first branch and the terminal left and right hands composite antenna mode that the end intercoupling of second branch formed respectively, 1/4 lambda mode to the terminal of first branch by fourth branch, 3/4 wavelength mode of first branch that first branch feed excitation was given for first branch to the third branch, and the loop antenna mode of the formation of first branch and second branch. Through the four working modes, the antenna can realize continuous coverage in the frequency bands of 0.6 GHz-0.96 GHz and 1.427GHz-1.517GHz, so that the working frequency band of the terminal equipment can be widened, and the working performance of the terminal equipment is improved.
The radiator can be formed on the dielectric substrate by printing, photoetching and the like, so that the manufacturing process of the antenna can be simplified. Alternatively, the radiator may be formed by stamping, cutting, or other processes, and then bonded and fixed to the dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate may be a hard substrate, a soft substrate, or a hard-soft combined substrate.
In some possible embodiments, the shape of the open ring of the first branch may be a rectangle, a circle, an oval, or some other regular or irregular shape, and may be specifically set according to the shape of the dielectric substrate, which is not limited in this application.
Taking the first branch as a rectangular open ring as an example, the first branch may include a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, a third connecting portion, and a fourth connecting portion connected in sequence, an end portion of the first connecting portion and an end portion of the fourth connecting portion are spaced apart to form an opening of the open ring, in this case, the end portion of the first connecting portion may be formed as a head end of the first branch, and the end portion of the fourth connecting portion may be formed as a tail end of the first branch. At this time, the first connecting part and the third connecting part are arranged in parallel, and the first connecting part and the third connecting part can respectively extend along the first direction; the second connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion are disposed in parallel, and the second connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion may extend along a second direction, respectively, it being understood that the second direction is different from the first direction. By adopting the design, the shape of the first branch is more regular, which is beneficial to improving the structural compactness of the antenna.
In a specific embodiment, the second branch may extend along the second direction, and the end of the second branch may be located between the fourth connection portion and the second connection portion, so that the structure of the antenna may be more compact. The tail end section of the second branch section and the tail end section of the fourth connecting part can be arranged in parallel and are provided with first gaps, and therefore current signals on the second branch section can be coupled to the first branch section through the first gaps.
In another specific embodiment, the end of the second branch may also be located on a side of the fourth connection portion away from the second connection portion, and at this time, an end section of the second branch and an end section of the fourth connection portion may also be arranged in parallel and form a certain gap, so that the current signal on the second branch can be coupled to the first branch through the gap.
In some possible embodiments, the end section of the fourth connecting portion may be provided with a first protrusion, and the first protrusion may be located on a side of the fourth connecting portion facing the second branch. The first bulge can adjust the impedance matching of the antenna, and is beneficial to obtaining higher gain of the antenna.
In some possible embodiments, the end section of the second branch may be provided with a second protrusion, and the second protrusion may be located on a side of the second branch facing away from the fourth connecting portion. Similarly, the second protrusion can also adjust the impedance matching of the antenna, which is beneficial to obtain higher gain of the antenna.
In some possible embodiments, the third branch may be disposed between the second branch and the second connection portion, so that the structure of the antenna may be more compact, which is beneficial to reducing the occupied space of the antenna in the terminal device.
When the structure is specifically designed, the third branch node can comprise a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch which are connected in sequence, wherein the first branch is arranged along the first direction, and the first branch is positioned on one side of the second branch node close to the second connecting part; the second branch extends along the second direction; the third branch extends along the first direction, and is positioned on one side of the second branch close to the second connecting part; the fourth branch extends along the second direction, a second gap is formed between the fourth branch and the second connecting portion, and a distributed capacitive coupling structure can be formed between the fourth branch and the second connecting portion through the second gap, so that a current signal on the third branch can be coupled to the first branch through the second gap.
In some possible embodiments, the midpoint of the fourth branch has a projected point on a side of the second connection portion facing the fourth connection portion, and an electrical length between the projected point and the first connection portion is 1/3 times an electrical length of the first branch. By adopting the design, the feed end feeds a radio frequency current signal into the antenna at the head end of the third branch, and the tail end of the third branch is used for coupling and feeding the first branch near the projection point, so that the 3/4 lambda mode of the first branch is excited.
In some possible embodiments, the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch may be disposed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate, which is beneficial to reducing the positioning difficulty of each branch on the dielectric substrate and simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna.
In some possible embodiments, the fourth branch may extend along a thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to reduce a cross-sectional area of the antenna in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, so as to facilitate installation of the antenna inside the terminal device.
In some possible embodiments, the antenna generates a first resonant frequency through the first stub and the second stub; the antenna generates a second resonant frequency through the fourth branch and the first branch; the antenna generates a third resonant frequency through the third branch and the first branch; the antenna generates a fourth resonant frequency through the first stub and the second stub.
In a specific embodiment, the antenna generates a first resonant frequency in a left-right hand compound mode in which the first branch and the second branch are coupled with each other, the antenna generates a second resonant frequency in an 1/4 wavelength mode from the fourth branch to the end of the first branch, the antenna generates a third resonant frequency in a 3/4 wavelength mode of the first branch excited by the coupling feeding of the third branch, and the antenna generates a fourth resonant frequency in a loop antenna mode formed by the first branch and the second branch.
The first resonant frequency is approximately 0.6 GHz-0.7 GHz, the second resonant frequency is approximately 0.7 GHz-0.8 GHz, the third resonant frequency is approximately 0.8 GHz-0.96 GHz, and the fourth resonant frequency is approximately 1.427GHz-1.517 GHz. It can be seen that the antenna can realize continuous coverage in the frequency band of 0.6 GHz-0.96 GHz through the first three resonance modes, and can realize coverage in the frequency band of 1.427GHz-1.517GHz through the fourth resonance mode, so that the working frequency band of the terminal device can be widened, and the working performance of the terminal device can be improved.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a terminal device, where the terminal device includes a circuit board, a feed transmission line, and an antenna in any of the foregoing possible embodiments, where the circuit board is provided with a radio frequency transceiver circuit, and the radiator can be electrically connected to the radio frequency transceiver circuit through the feed transmission line, so as to convert current energy fed into the antenna by the radio frequency transceiver circuit through the feed transmission line into electromagnetic energy for radiation, and convert electromagnetic energy received by the antenna into current energy for transmission to the radio frequency transceiver circuit through the feed transmission line, so that the terminal device achieves a signal transceiving function. The terminal equipment can receive and transmit signals in a relatively wide working frequency range and is suitable for multi-purpose application scenes.
In some possible embodiments, the circuit board may be a multilayer board, and the multilayer structure of the circuit board may include one or more ground layers, and the fourth branch of the antenna may be specifically connected to the ground layer to implement grounding, and at this time, the antenna may be supported on the circuit board by the fourth branch, so that the antenna may be fixed inside the terminal device, and a grounding scheme of the fourth branch may be conveniently implemented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3a is an equivalent circuit diagram of a right-hand transmission line;
FIG. 3b is an equivalent circuit diagram of a left-hand transmission line;
FIG. 3c is an equivalent circuit diagram of a left-right hand composite transmission line;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of current distribution on a radiator in a first operating mode of the antenna;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at A;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the current distribution of the radiator in the second operating mode of the antenna;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of current distribution on the radiator in the third operating mode of the antenna;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 7 at B;
fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating a current distribution on a radiator in a fourth operating mode of the antenna;
fig. 10 is a graph of S-parameter of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a graph illustrating antenna efficiency of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a graph of an S-parameter curve after antenna tuning provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a graph illustrating antenna efficiency after antenna tuning provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1-a terminal device; 100-a housing; 200-a circuit board; 300-an antenna; 10-a dielectric substrate; 20-a radiator;
30-feed point transmission line; 21-a first branch; 22-second branch; 23-third branch knot; 24-fourth branch;
211-a first connection; 212-a second connection; 213-a third connection; 214-a fourth connection; 2141-a first projection;
221-a second projection; 231-first branch; 232-second branch; 233-third branch; 234-fourth branch.
Detailed Description
For the convenience of understanding the antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application, the following first describes an application scenario thereof. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to terminal equipment and is used for enabling the terminal equipment to achieve a signal receiving and transmitting function. The terminal device may be a CPE, a router, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) device, or a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) device. Taking CPE as an example, the CPE is a communication device located at an end user premises, and may be a Mobile Station (MS) or a Subscriber Station (SS). The CPE may convert cellular signals such as LTE, wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), global system for mobile communications (GSM), and 5G mobile network (5G new radio, 5G NR) into WiFi signals that are common to mobile terminals such as ethernet or smart phones, tablet computers, and notebook computers, and may simultaneously support multiple mobile terminals to access the internet.
At present, with the development of the 5G technology, the NR frequency band is further widened, and the CPE product newly increases the frequency band coverage requirement of 0.6GHz, however, the existing Sub-3G antenna scheme only supports 0.7 GHz-0.9 GHz, and cannot meet the frequency band coverage requirement of the product. Based on this, the application provides an antenna and a terminal device using the antenna, the antenna can generate four working modes, and can realize continuous coverage in a frequency band of 0.6 GHz-0.96 GHz and a frequency band of 1.427GHz-1.517GHz, so that the working frequency band of the terminal device can be widened, and the working performance of the terminal device can be improved. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a terminal device 1 according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device 1 includes a housing 100, and a circuit board 200 and an antenna 300 provided in the housing 100. The circuit board 200 is provided with a radio frequency chip (not shown) and a radio frequency transceiver circuit, the radio frequency chip can be disposed on the circuit board 200 by wafer level packaging or flip chip packaging, and the radio frequency transceiver circuit is connected to a radio frequency port of the radio frequency chip. The antenna 300 includes a dielectric substrate 10 and a radiator 20, the dielectric substrate 10 can be used to support and fix the radiator 20, the radiator 20 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 10, and the radiator 20 can be electrically connected to the rf transceiver circuit through a feed transmission line 30, so as to convert current energy fed into the antenna 300 by the rf transceiver circuit through the feed transmission line 30 into electromagnetic energy for radiation, and convert electromagnetic energy received by the antenna 300 into current energy to be transmitted to the rf transceiver circuit through the feed transmission line 30, so that the terminal device 1 can implement a signal transceiving function. It should be understood that the electrical connections described in the embodiments of the present application include direct connections and coupled connections. It should be noted that fig. 1 and the following related drawings only schematically show some components included in the terminal device 1, and the actual shape, the actual size, the actual position, and the actual configuration of these components are not limited by fig. 1 and the following drawings.
In this embodiment, the circuit board 200 may be a hard circuit board, a flexible circuit board, or a rigid-flex circuit board. The circuit board 200 may be implemented with FR-4 dielectric boards, also with Rogers (Rogers) dielectric boards, also with hybrid FR-4 and Rogers dielectric boards, etc. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame-resistant material, and the Rogers dielectric plate is a high-frequency plate. In some embodiments, the circuit board 200 may be a multi-layer board, and the rf chip may be disposed on a top layer board or a bottom layer board of the circuit board 200. Additionally, one or more ground planes may also be included in the multilayer structure of circuit board 200. The cross-sectional shape of the circuit board 200 perpendicular to the thickness direction thereof is not limited to the rectangle shown in fig. 1, and in other embodiments, the cross-section of the circuit board 200 may also be a circle, an oval or other regular or irregular shape, which is not limited in this application. When the cross-sectional shape of the circuit board 200 is rectangular, the cross-sectional dimension of the circuit board 200 may be approximately 90mm 145 mm. It should be noted that the terms of the orientations of the terminal device, such as "top" and "bottom", used in the embodiment of the present application are mainly explained according to the orientation shown in fig. 1 of the terminal device, and do not form a limitation on the orientation of the terminal device in an actual application scenario.
Similarly, the dielectric substrate 10 may be a hard substrate, a flexible substrate, or a rigid-flex substrate. It is understood that when the dielectric substrate 10 is a flexible substrate or a rigid-flexible substrate, a reinforcing plate may be disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate 10 away from the radiator 20 to reliably support the radiator 20. The dielectric substrate 10 may be an FR-4 dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed FR-4 and Rogers dielectric board, or the like. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the dielectric substrate 10 is not limited to the rectangular shape shown in fig. 1, and in other embodiments, the cross-section of the dielectric substrate 10 may also be circular, oval, or other regular or irregular shapes, which is not limited in this application.
In some embodiments, the feeding transmission line 30 may be a coaxial line, and the feeding transmission line 30 includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor wrapped outside the inner conductor, wherein the inner conductor of the feeding transmission line can be used for feeding, the outer conductor is used for grounding, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor are separated by an insulating medium layer. In specific setting, one end of the inner conductor of the feed transmission line 30 is electrically connected to the rf transceiver circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the radiator 20; one end of the outer conductor of the feed transmission line 30 is electrically connected to the ground member of the terminal device 1, and the other end is electrically connected to the radiator 20. In some embodiments, the grounding member may be a ground layer of the circuit board 200, and the outer conductor of the feeding transmission line 30 is connected to the ground layer of the circuit board 200 to realize grounding. In other embodiments, the grounding member may also be other metal parts such as a heat sink of the terminal device 1, and the outer conductor of the power transmission line 30 may also be grounded by being connected to these metal parts.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 20 may be formed on the dielectric substrate 10 through a printing process, a photolithography process, or may be formed through a stamping process, a cutting process, or the like, and then fixed on the dielectric substrate 10 through an adhesion or other fixing method. The present application does not limit the specific forming manner of the radiator. The radiator 20 may include four branches, which are a first branch 21, a second branch 22, a third branch 23, and a fourth branch 24, and the structure and the arrangement of each branch will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
The first branch 21 may include a first connection portion 211, a second connection portion 212, a third connection portion 213, and a fourth connection portion 214, and when the first connection portion 211, the second connection portion 212, the third connection portion 213, and the fourth connection portion 214 are specifically arranged, the head end of the first connection portion 211 is a ground end of the antenna 300, the head end s1 of the first connection portion 211 is connected to the outer conductor of the feed transmission line 30, the tail end f1 of the first connection portion 211 is connected to the head end s2 of the second connection portion 212, the tail end f2 of the second connection portion 212 is connected to the head end s3 of the third connection portion 213, the tail end f3 of the third connection portion 213 is connected to the head end s4 of the fourth connection portion 214, and the tail end f4 of the fourth connection portion 214 is spaced from the head end s1 of the first connection portion 211. It should be noted that the "head end" and "tail end" of each connection portion of the first branch 21 may be determined according to the direction (for example, clockwise direction in fig. 2) in which the connection portions are sequentially connected, and along the connection direction, the upstream end of each connection portion may be defined as the "head end" and the downstream end may be defined as the "tail end". It is understood that the head end s1 of the first connection portion 211 is the head end of the first branch 21, and the tail end f4 of the fourth connection portion 214 is the tail end of the first branch 21.
In some embodiments, the respective connection portions may be disposed on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 10. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, each connecting portion is disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, and the head ends and the tail ends of two adjacent connecting portions may be directly connected, in this case, the first branch 21 may be an integral structure, which is beneficial to simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna 300.
In other embodiments, the connection portions may be disposed on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate 10. For example, the first connection portion 211 and the second connection portion 212 may be disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, and the third connection portion 213 and the fourth connection portion 214 may be disposed on the second surface (not shown) of the dielectric substrate 10, in which case, the tail end of the second connection portion 212 and the head end of the third connection portion 213 may be electrically connected through a via hole. Alternatively, the first connection portion 211 and the third connection portion 213 may be disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, and the second connection portion 212 and the fourth connection portion 214 may be disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate 10, in this case, the tail end of the first connection portion 211 and the head end of the second connection portion 212, the tail end of the second connection portion 212 and the head end of the third connection portion 213, and the tail end of the third connection portion 213 and the head end of the fourth connection portion 214 may be electrically connected through via holes. It should be noted that the specific arrangement positions of the connection portions are not limited to the two types listed above, and the specific implementation may be designed according to actual requirements, as long as the connection portions can be connected in sequence, and redundant description is omitted here.
It can be understood that when the connection portions are disposed on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 10, the first connection portion 211, the second connection portion 212, the third connection portion 213 and the fourth connection portion 214 are connected in sequence, so as to form a structure similar to an open ring, where the opening of the open ring is the distance between the tail end of the fourth connection portion 214 and the head end of the first connection portion 211. When the connection portions are disposed on the first surface 11 and the second surface of the dielectric substrate 10, the projections of the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10 of the first connection portion 211, the second connection portion 212, the third connection portion 213, and the fourth connection portion 214 are connected in sequence, and a structure similar to an open ring may also be formed, in which the opening of the open ring is the distance between the projection of the tail end of the fourth connection portion 124 and the head end of the first connection portion 211 on the first surface 11.
In some embodiments, the first connection portion 211 and the third connection portion 213 may be disposed along a first direction (i.e., an x-axis direction), and the second connection portion 212 and the fourth connection portion 214 may be disposed along a second direction (i.e., a y-axis direction), respectively. When the cross section of the dielectric substrate 10 is rectangular, the first direction may be a width direction of the dielectric substrate 10, and the second direction may be a length direction of the dielectric substrate 10, in this case, the first connection portion 211 and the third connection portion 213 are disposed opposite to each other, the second connection portion 212 and the fourth connection portion 214 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first branch is substantially in a rectangular open loop structure. The length of the second connection portion 212 may be between 75mm and 76mm, and illustratively, the length of the second connection portion 212 may be 75mm, 75.5mm, 76mm, and so on. The length of the third connection part 213 may be between 16.5mm and 17.5mm, and for example, the length of the third connection part 213 may be 16.5mm, 17mm, 17.5mm, and so on. The length of the first connection portion 211 may be slightly smaller than the length of the third connection portion 213, and at this time, a projection of the head end of the first connection portion 213 on the first projection plane is located between the head end and the tail end of the third connection portion 213, where the first projection plane may be understood as a plane where a surface of the third connection portion 213 facing the first connection portion 211 is located. The length of the fourth connecting portion 214 is smaller than that of the second connecting portion 212, and a projection of a tail end of the fourth connecting portion 214 on a second projection plane is located between a head end and a tail end of the second connecting portion 212, where the second projection plane can be understood as a plane where a face of the second connecting portion 212 facing the fourth connecting portion 214 is located. For example, the projection of the end of the fourth connection portion 214 on the second projection plane may be disposed near the central region of the second connection portion 212.
In other embodiments, the first branch 21 may also be an open ring with other shapes, such as a circle, an oval, or other regular or irregular shape, and may be specifically set according to the shape of the substrate and the internal space of the terminal device, which is not described herein again.
The second branch 22 can be disposed at the opening of the open ring formed by the first branch 21, and the second branch 22 is disposed along the y-axis direction. The second branch 22 may be disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, or may be disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate 10, which is not limited in the present application. Taking the example that the second branch 22 and the first branch 21 are both disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, the second branch 22 is located between the first connection portion 211 and the third connection portion 213, the head end of the second branch 22 is disposed near the head end of the first connection portion 211 and spaced apart from the head end of the first connection portion 211, the head end of the second branch 22 is connected to the inner conductor of the feeding transmission line 30, and the head end of the second branch 22 is formed as the feeding end of the antenna 300; the end of the second branch 22 is located between the fourth connection portion 214 and the second connection portion 212, that is, the second branch 22 is located inside the open ring formed by the first branch 21, and this arrangement can make the structure of the antenna 300 more compact; the end section of the second branch 22 is parallel to the end section of the fourth connecting portion 214, and a first gap d is formed between the end section of the second branch 22 and the end section of the fourth connecting portion 1 As can be appreciated, the first gap d 1 The width direction of (2) is the x-axis direction.
In other embodiments, the end of the second branch 22 may also be located on the side of the fourth connecting portion 214 facing away from the second connecting portion 212, that is, the second branch 22 is located outside the open ring formed by the first branch 21. At this time, the end portion of the second branch 22 and the end portion of the fourth connecting portion 214 may be arranged in parallel to each other to form a gap, and the width direction of the gap is also the x-axis direction.
In other embodiments, the second branch 22 and the fourth connecting portion 214 may be located on the same straight line, the end of the second branch 22 and the end of the fourth connecting portion 214 are disposed at an interval, and in this case, the width direction of the gap between the end of the second branch 22 and the end of the fourth connecting portion 214 is the y-axis direction.
It can be understood that, when the second branch 22 and the first branch 21 are separately disposed on different surfaces of the dielectric substrate 10, the projections of the second branch 22 and the first branch 21 on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10 can satisfy the above-mentioned positional relationship.
The third branch 23 may be disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, or may be disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate 10, which is not limited in the present application. Taking the first branch 21, the second branch 22, and the third branch 23 all disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10 as an example, the third branch 23 may be located between the second branch 22 and the second connection portion 212, and the third branch 23 is also disposed substantially along the y-axis direction, so that the structure of the antenna 300 is more compact, which is beneficial to reducing the occupied space of the antenna 300 in the terminal device. The head end of the third branch 23 is connected to the head end of the second branch 22, that is, the head end of the third branch 23 is also electrically connected to the inner conductor of the feeding transmission line 30. In some embodiments, the end of the third branch 23 is electrically connected to the second connection portion 212. Optionally, a second gap d is formed between the end of the third branch 23 and the second connecting portion 212 2 。
Similarly, when the third branch 23 and the first branch 21 or the second branch 22 are disposed on different surfaces of the dielectric substrate 10, the projection of the third branch 23 and the first branch 21 or the second branch 22 on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10 can satisfy the above-mentioned positional relationship, and the head end of the third branch 23 and the head end of the second branch 22 can be electrically connected through a via hole.
The fourth branch 24 may be connected to the outer side of the second connection portion 212, and the extending direction of the fourth branch 24 may form a certain included angle with the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, or may be parallel to the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, which is not limited in this application. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the fourth branch 24 extends in a direction away from the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, i.e., the fourth branch 24 extends in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10. The length of the fourth branch may be between 39.5mm and 40.5mm, and illustratively, the length of the fourth branch may be 39.5mm, 40.2mm, 40.5mm, and so forth. The head end of the fourth branch 24 is connected to the second connection portion 212, and the tail end of the fourth branch 24 is connected to the ground member of the terminal device. Illustratively, the end of the fourth branch 24 may be connected to the ground layer of the circuit board 200 to achieve grounding, and in this case, the antenna 300 may be supported on one side of the circuit board 200 through the fourth branch 24. Alternatively, the end of the fourth branch 24 may be connected to a metal component such as a heat sink of the terminal device to achieve grounding.
In other embodiments, the fourth branch 24 may also be connected to the inner side of the second connection portion 212, in this case, the extending direction of the fourth branch 24 may also be disposed at an angle with respect to the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, or disposed parallel to the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, in this embodiment, the number of the fourth branches 24 may also be multiple, and multiple fourth branches 24 may be arranged at intervals. In a specific implementation, all of the plurality of fourth branches 24 may be connected to the inner side of the second connection portion 212, or all of the plurality of fourth branches may be connected to the outer side of the second connection portion 212, or a part of the plurality of fourth branches may be connected to the inner side of the second connection portion 212, or another part of the plurality of fourth branches may be connected to the outer side of the second connection portion 212.
The antenna 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts the feeding transmission line 30 to feed, the outer conductor of the feeding transmission line 30 is connected to the first branch, the inner conductor of the feeding transmission line 30 feeds the second branch 22 and the third branch 23, and the fourth branch 24 is connected to the first branch 21 and is grounded, so that four working modes can be generated, where the four working modes are: 1) the end of the first branch 21 and the end of the second branch 22 are coupled to form a left-right-handed composite antenna mode, and in this mode, the antenna 300 can generate a first resonant frequency; 2) a 1/4 λ mode from the connection position of the fourth branch 24 to the end of the first branch 21 through the first branch 21 and the fourth branch 24, in which mode the antenna 300 can generate a second resonant frequency; 3) the third branch 23 couples the feed to the first branch 21, exciting the 3/4 λ mode of the first branch 21, in which mode the antenna 300 can generate a third resonant frequency; 4) the coupling Loop of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22 generates a 1 λ mode of a Loop-like (Loop) antenna, in which mode the antenna 300 can generate a fourth resonant frequency. Through the first three working modes, the antenna can meet the high-efficiency broadband coverage at the frequency band of 0.6 GHz-0.96 GHz, and through the fourth working mode, the antenna can meet the high-efficiency coverage at the frequency band of 1.4 GHz-1.6 GHz.
It should be noted that the left-hand and right-hand composite transmission line can be understood as a right-hand transmission line, and a series capacitor and a parallel inductor are applied to implement a left-hand operation mode. Referring to fig. 3a, 3b and 3c together, fig. 3a is an equivalent circuit diagram of a right-hand transmission line, fig. 3b is an equivalent circuit diagram of a left-hand transmission line, and fig. 3c is an equivalent circuit diagram of a left-hand and right-hand composite transmission line. The right-hand transmission line model can be expressed as a series inductance L R And a parallel capacitor C R In combination with (c). The left-handed material is implemented by loading a series capacitor C in a conventional right-handed transmission line L And a parallel inductor L L The method is realized by the fact that parasitic series inductance and parallel capacitance inevitably exist in the conventional transmission line, so that the material is not a pure left-handed material, but a left-handed and right-handed composite material, namely a left-handed and right-handed composite transmission line, and a left-handed and right-handed composite transmission line model can be represented by an inductance L R A capacitor C is connected in series L A capacitor C R An inductor L is connected in parallel L Combined to realize the left-hand working mode.
The following describes four operation modes of the antenna 300 in detail, taking as an example that the first branch 21, the second branch 22, and the third branch 23 are all disposed on the first surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 10.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5 together, fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a current distribution on a radiator of the antenna in the first operating mode, and fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a point a in fig. 4. In the first operating mode, the feeding transmission line 30 feeds the antenna 300 with a radio frequency current signal through the head end of the second branch 22, and a first gap d is formed between the tail end section of the second branch 22 and the tail end section of the first branch 21 (i.e., the tail end section of the fourth connection portion 214) 1 Forming a distributed capacitive coupling structure, the current signal on the second branch 22 can pass through the first gap d 1 Coupled to the first branch 21, the current flows on the approximately annular branch formed by the second branch 22 and the first branch 21 (solid arrows in fig. 4)Shown), a left-right hand composite antenna mode is formed, at this time, the end of the first branch 21 and the end of the second branch 22 can be equivalent to a series capacitor, and the whole first branch 21 can be equivalent to a parallel inductor, so that the left-right hand composite antenna mode is realized, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized. It can be seen that the current is always in the same direction from the first branch 21 to the second branch 22, and the current amplitude does not change significantly except at the end of the branch. In addition, in this mode, the current on the fourth branch 24 is weak, and the fourth branch 24 may function as a distributed inductor, which does not affect the generation of this mode.
With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the resonant frequency of the antenna in the right-left hand composite antenna mode may be defined by f ═ c/λ, and
the two formulas determine that f is the resonant frequency, C is the signal wave velocity, lambda is the wavelength, L is the equivalent inductance of the left-hand and right-hand composite antenna, and C is the equivalent capacitance of the left-hand and right-hand composite antenna. It can be understood that the wavelength λ is related to the length of the second branch 22 and the approximate loop branch formed by the first branch 21, and the equivalent capacitance C is related to the coupling amount of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22, so that it can be seen that the resonant frequency f in the left-right hand composite antenna mode is mainly determined by the length of the approximate loop branch formed by the first branch 21 and the second branch 22, and the coupling amount of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22, and therefore, the resonant frequency can be adjusted by changing the length of the loop branch and the coupling amount of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22.
Since the length of the loop branch is approximately the sum of the length of the first branch 21 and the length of the second branch 22, if f is c/λ, the length of the first branch 21 is increased, or the length of the second branch 22 is increased, or the lengths of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22 are increased together, so that the resonant frequency f in the left-right hand composite antenna mode can be shifted to a low frequency; conversely, by reducing the length of the first branch 21, or reducing the length of the second branch 22, or reducing the lengths of both the first branch 21 and the second branch 22, the resonance frequency f in the right-and-left-handed composite antenna mode can be shifted to a high frequency. When the length of the first branch 21 is increased or decreased, the length of one or more of the first connection portion 211, the second connection portion 212, the third connection portion 213, and the fourth connection portion 214 may be adjusted.
The coupling amount of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22 can be represented by a coupling length and a coupling gap, and it can be understood that the larger the coupling length is, the larger the equivalent capacitance C is, and the smaller the coupling length is, the smaller the equivalent capacitance C is; the larger the coupling gap is, the smaller the equivalent capacitance C is, and the smaller the coupling gap is, the larger the equivalent capacitance C is. According to
Increasing the relative length l of the end segment of the fourth connecting portion 214 to the end segment of the second branch 22 1 The coupling length can make the resonant frequency f of the left-hand and right-hand composite antenna mode deviate towards low frequency; conversely, the relative length l of the end segment of the fourth connecting portion 214 to the end segment of the second branch 22 is decreased 1 The resonance frequency f of the left-right hand composite antenna mode can be shifted to a high frequency. And increasing a first gap d between a terminal section of the fourth connection portion 214 and a terminal section of the second branch 22 1 I.e. the coupling gap, can make the resonant frequency f of the left-right hand composite antenna mode deviate to high frequency; conversely, the first gap d between the end segment of the fourth connecting portion 214 and the end segment of the second branch 22 is reduced 1 The resonance frequency f of the left-right hand composite antenna mode can be shifted to a low frequency.
In some embodiments, offsetting the fourth connection 214 toward the direction closer to the second branch 22, or offsetting the second branch 22 toward the direction closer to the fourth connection 214, or offsetting the fourth connection 214 along with the second branch 22 may reduce the first gap d between the end of the fourth connection 214 and the end of the second branch 22 1 (ii) a By offsetting the fourth connection portion 214 in a direction away from the second branch 22, or offsetting the second branch 22 in a direction away from the fourth connection portion 214, or offsetting the fourth connection portion 214 and the second branch 22 together, one of the end of the fourth connection portion 214 and the end of the second branch 22 can be increasedFirst gap d therebetween 1 。
In other embodiments, the end section of the fourth connecting portion 214 may further be provided with a first protrusion 2141, and the first protrusion 2141 is located on a side of the fourth connecting portion 214 facing the second branch 22, and may be used to adjust impedance matching of the antenna 300, which is beneficial to obtaining higher gain of the antenna 300. Further, with this structure, the first gap d between the end section of the fourth connecting portion 214 and the end section of the second branch 22 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the width of the first protrusion 2141 in the x-axis direction at the design stage 1 Thereby reducing the design difficulty of the antenna.
In some embodiments, the end section of the second branch 22 may be provided with a second protrusion 221, and the second protrusion 221 is located on a side of the second branch 22 facing away from the fourth connecting portion 214. Similarly, the second protrusion 221 may also be used to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna 300, so as to obtain higher gain of the antenna 300, and when specifically configured, the length of the second protrusion 221 along the y-axis direction may be greater than the relative length l of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22 1 。
Through testing, the first resonant frequency of the antenna 300 in the first operating mode (left-right hand composite antenna mode) can be approximately adjusted to 0.7 GHz-0.8 GHz.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a current distribution on the radiator in the second operation mode of the antenna. In the second operating mode, a current flows between the fourth branch 24 and the connection position m of the first branch 21 and the fourth branch 24 to the end of the first branch 21, forming an 1/4 λ pattern from the fourth branch 24 through the connection position m to the end of the first branch 21. It will be appreciated that the length of the fourth branch 24 and the electrical length from the connection location m to the end of the first branch 21 are one quarter of the wavelength of the signal in this mode. The thickness of the solid arrows in fig. 6 is used to characterize the magnitude of the current, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the current on the fourth branch 24 is larger, and the current is weakest to the end of the first branch 21, and conforms to the current distribution of 1/4 λ mode.
It should be noted that the electrical length is understood as the ratio of the physical length of the transmission line to the wavelength of the transmitted signal, and in this embodiment, the physical length of the transmission line is the sum of the length of the fourth branch 24 and the length from the connection position m to the end of the first branch 21.
In the present embodiment, the resonant frequency of the antenna 300 in the 1/4 λ mode can be determined by f ═ c/λ. Since the wavelength λ is related to the length of the fourth branch 24 and the length from the connection position m to the end of the first branch 21, increasing the length of the fourth branch 24, or increasing the length from the connection position m to the end of the first branch 21, or both of them, can shift the resonant frequency f in the 1/4 λ mode to a low frequency; conversely, decreasing the length of the fourth branch 24, or decreasing the length from the connection position m to the end of the first branch 21, or both, can shift the resonant frequency f in the 1/4 λ mode to a higher frequency.
In other embodiments, the length from the connection position m to the end of the first branch 21 may also be increased by moving the fourth branch 24 toward the direction close to the first branch 21, that is, moving the connection position m toward the direction close to the first branch 21, so as to shift the resonant frequency f in the 1/4 λ mode to a low frequency; conversely, moving the fourth branch 24 in a direction close to the third branch 23, that is, moving the connection position m in a direction close to the third branch 23, can reduce the length from the connection position m to the end of the first branch 21, and can shift the resonance frequency f in the 1/4 λ mode to a high frequency.
Through testing, the second resonant frequency of the antenna 300 in the second operating mode (1/4 λ mode from the fourth branch to the end of the first branch through the connection position m of the first branch and the fourth branch) can be approximately adjusted to 0.7 GHz-0.8 GHz.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8 together, fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a current distribution on the radiator in the third operating mode of the antenna, and fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 7. In the third operating mode, the feeding transmission line 30 feeds the antenna 300 with a radio frequency current signal through the head end of the third branch 23, and the tail end of the third branch 23 couples and feeds the first branch 21 near the position n, so as to excite the 3/4 λ mode of the first branch 21. It will be appreciated that the electrical length of the first limb 21 is approximately three quarters of the signal wavelength λ of the mode. During specific design, the electrical length between the position n and the head end of the first branch 21 is approximately one third of the overall electrical length of the first branch 21, the head end of the first branch 21 is a current large point, reaches a current small point (i.e., the position n) through 1/4 λ, reaches a current large point (i.e., the position o on the third connecting part) through 1/4 λ, and finally reaches a current small point (i.e., the tail end of the first branch) through 1/4 λ, so that the current distribution in a 3/4 λ mode is met.
In this embodiment, the third branch 23 may include a first branch 231, a second branch 232, a third branch 233 and a fourth branch 234, and when the third branch 23 is specifically disposed, the first branch 231 may be disposed along the first direction, the first branch 231 is located on a side of the second branch 22 facing the second connection portion 212 of the first branch 21, a head end of the first branch 231 is connected to a head end of the second branch 22 and the inner conductor of the feeding transmission line 30, and a tail end of the first branch 231 is connected to a head end of the second branch 232; the second branch 232 may be disposed along the second direction, and the second branch 232 is disposed at an interval with the second connection portion 212 of the second branch section 22 and the first branch section 21, and when the second branch 232 is disposed, a distance between the second branch 232 and the second connection portion 212 may be not less than 0.025 λ; the third branch 233 is arranged along the first direction, the third branch 233 is positioned at one side of the second branch 232 close to the second connecting part 212 of the first branch section 21, the head end of the third branch 233 is connected with the tail end of the second branch 232, and the tail end of the third branch 233 is connected with the head end of the fourth branch 234; the fourth branch 234 is disposed along the second direction, and a second gap d is formed between the fourth branch 234 and the second connection part 212 of the first branch 21 2 A second gap d is formed between the fourth branch 234 and the second connecting portion 2 Forming a distributed capacitive coupling structure, the current signal on the third branch 23 can pass through the second gap d 2 Is coupled to the first branch 21 so as to excite the 3/4 lambda mode of the first branch 21.
In some embodiments, to achieve a better coupling effect, the midpoint n ' of the fourth branch 234 is located opposite to the position n, that is, the projection of the midpoint n ' of the fourth branch on the second projection plane coincides with the position n, or it can be understood that the position n is the projection point of the midpoint n ' of the fourth branch on the second projection plane.
With continued reference to fig. 7 and 8, in the present embodiment, the resonant frequency of the antenna at the 3/4 λ mode may be defined by f ═ c/λ, an
Two formulas are determined. Where the wavelength λ is related to the length of the first branch 21, L is the equivalent inductance of the antenna 300 when operating in the 3/4 λ mode, and C is the equivalent capacitance of the antenna when operating in the 3/4 λ mode, it can be understood that the equivalent capacitance C is related to the coupling amount of the first branch 21 and the third branch 23. It can be seen that the resonant frequency of the antenna 300 in the 3/4 λ mode is mainly determined by the length of the first branch 21 and the coupling amount between the first branch 21 and the third branch 23.
Specifically, when designing, the length of the first branch 21 is increased according to f ═ c/λ, so that the resonant frequency f in the 3/4 λ mode can be shifted to a lower frequency; conversely, the resonant frequency f in the 3/4 λ mode can be shifted to a higher frequency by decreasing the length of the first branch 21.
The coupling amount of the first branch 21 and the third branch 23 can be represented by a coupling length and a coupling gap, wherein the coupling length is the length of the fourth branch 234 of the third branch 23, and the coupling gap is the second gap d between the fourth branch 234 of the third branch 23 and the second connection portion 212 of the first branch 21 2 . According to
Increasing the length l of the fourth branch 234 2 The resonance frequency f in the 3/4 λ mode can be biased toward a low frequency; conversely, decreasing the length of the fourth branch 234 shifts the resonant frequency f in the 3/4 λ mode toward higher frequencies. And, increasing a second gap d between the fourth branch 234 and the second connection part 212 2 The resonance frequency f in the 3/4 λ mode can be shifted to a high frequency; conversely, the second gap d between the fourth branch 234 and the second connection 212 is reduced 2 The resonant frequency f in the 3/4 λ mode can be biased toward a lower frequency.
In the specific design, the length of the first branch 231 or the third branch 233 of the third branch 23 is increased, and the length can be increasedThe fourth branch 234 is biased toward the direction close to the second connection part 212, and the third gap d between the fourth branch 234 and the second connection part 212 is reduced 2 (ii) a Decreasing the length of the first branch 231 or the third branch 233 of the third branch 23 can shift the fourth branch 234 away from the second connection 212, increasing the second gap d between the fourth branch 234 and the second connection 212 2 。
In some embodiments, a second gap d between the fourth branch 234 and the second connector 212 2 Can be between 0.001 lambda and 0.025 lambda, illustratively, the second gap d 2 And may be 0.001 lambda, 0.005 lambda, 0.01 lambda, 0.015 lambda, 0.02 lambda, 0.025 lambda, and the like.
Through testing, the third resonant frequency of the antenna 300 in the third operating mode (3/4 λ mode of the first branch) can be tuned approximately to 0.8GHz to 0.96 GHz.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a current distribution of the radiator in the fourth operating mode of the antenna. In the fourth operating mode, the current flows on the approximate Loop branch formed by the second branch 22 and the first branch 21, so as to form a 1 λ mode similar to a Loop antenna. It will be appreciated that the sum of the length of the first branch 21 and the length of the second branch 22 is approximately equal to the signal wavelength λ of the mode. It can be seen that there is a large current point near the head of the first branch 21, the current reaches a small current point (position p on the second connection part) through 1/4 λ, the current reverses at this position, then reaches a large current point (position q on the third connection part 213) through 1/4 λ, and reaches a small current point (position r on the fourth connection part 214) through 1/4 λ, the current reverses again at this position, and based on the coupling connection relationship between the tail end of the first branch 21 and the tail end of the second branch 22, the current flows to the second branch 22 and reaches the head of the second branch 22 through 1/4 λ. That is, two current large points and two current small points exist on the annular branch node, and the adjacent current large points and the current small points are separated by 1/4 lambda and accord with the current distribution of a 1 lambda mode.
In the present embodiment, the resonant frequency of the antenna 300 in the 1 λ mode of the loop branch can be determined by f ═ c/λ. The wavelength λ is related to the length of the first branch 21 and the length of the second branch 22, so that increasing the length of the first branch 21, or increasing the length of the second branch 22, or increasing the lengths of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22 together can shift the resonant frequency f in the 1 λ mode to a low frequency; conversely, the resonant frequency f in the 1 λ mode can be shifted to a high frequency by decreasing the length of the first branch 21, decreasing the length of the second branch 22, or decreasing both the lengths of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22.
Through testing, the fourth resonant frequency of the antenna 300 in the fourth operating mode (1 λ mode of Loop-like antenna generated by the coupling Loop of the first and second branches) can be approximately tuned to 1.427GHz-1.517 GHz.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a graph illustrating an S-parameter of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the S parameter is a scattering parameter, and S1,1 is an input reflection coefficient, i.e., an input return loss, which indicates how much energy is reflected back to the source. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the application can simultaneously generate a left-right hand composite antenna mode, a 1/4 lambda mode from the fourth branch to the tail end of the first branch through the connection position of the first branch and the fourth branch, and a 3/4 lambda mode of the first branch, and as can be seen from fig. 10, through the three modes, the antenna can generate three resonances of resonance 1 (resonance frequency 0.61GHz), resonance 2 (resonance frequency 0.77GHz), and resonance 3 (resonance frequency 0.96GHz), so that continuous coverage in a frequency band of 0.6 GHz-0.96 GHz is realized, the working frequency band of the terminal equipment can be further widened, and the working performance of the terminal equipment is improved. In addition, the antenna also has a 1 lambda mode similar to a Loop antenna generated by a coupling ring of the first branch and the second branch, and the antenna can generate resonance 4 (resonance frequency 1.48GHz) in the mode and realize coverage in a frequency band of 1.427GHz-1.517GHz, so that the antenna can also receive and transmit signals in the frequency band, and the application scene of the terminal equipment is favorably widened.
Referring to fig. 11 together, fig. 11 is a graph illustrating antenna efficiency of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the antenna efficiency is higher than-4 dB at the frequency band of 0.6 GHz-0.7 GHz; the antenna efficiency is higher than-3 dB at the frequency band of 0.7 GHz-0.96 GHz; and in the frequency band of 1.427GHz-1.517GHz, the antenna efficiency is higher than-3 dB.
Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a graph illustrating an S parameter of the antenna after being debugged according to the embodiment of the present application. The antenna of the embodiment of the application, in the first three working modes, can satisfy S1 within a frequency band of 0.6GHz to 1.3GHz by combining with the tuning method of the resonant frequency of each mode in the foregoing embodiment, where 1 is less than 6dB, and the relative bandwidth (i.e., the ratio of the signal bandwidth to the center frequency) reaches 73.6%. With reference to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a graph illustrating antenna efficiency after antenna debugging according to the embodiment of the present application, and it can be seen that the antenna efficiency is higher than-4 dB in the frequency band from 0.6GHz to 0.7 GHz; the antenna efficiency is higher than-3 dB at the frequency band of 0.7 GHz-1.3 GHz.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (14)
1. An antenna, characterized in that, includes dielectric substrate, irradiator, feed end and earthing terminal, the irradiator set up in on the dielectric substrate, the irradiator includes first stub, second stub, third stub and fourth stub, wherein:
the first branch knot is in an open ring shape, and the head end of the first branch knot is electrically connected with the grounding end;
the head end of the second branch is electrically connected with the feed end, and the tail end of the second branch is coupled with the tail end of the first branch;
the head end of the third branch is electrically connected with the feed end, and the tail end of the third branch is coupled with the first branch;
the head end of the fourth branch is connected with the first branch, and the tail end of the fourth branch is grounded.
2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first branch comprises a first connection portion, a second connection portion, a third connection portion and a fourth connection portion connected in sequence, an end portion of the first connection portion and an end portion of the fourth connection portion are arranged at an interval to form an opening of the open ring, an end portion of the first connection portion is a head end of the first branch, and an end portion of the fourth connection portion is a tail end of the first branch.
3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the first connection portion and the third connection portion are disposed in parallel, and the first connection portion and the third connection portion extend in a first direction, respectively; the second connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion are arranged in parallel, and extend along a second direction respectively, and the second direction is different from the first direction.
4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the second stub extends in the second direction, an end segment of the second stub being disposed opposite an end segment of the fourth connection portion with a first gap.
5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein a distal end section of the fourth connecting portion is provided with a first protrusion portion located on a side of the fourth connecting portion facing the second stub.
6. An antenna according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a distal end section of the second stub is provided with a second projection, the second projection being located on a side of the second stub facing away from the fourth connection portion.
7. The antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the third branch comprises a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch which are connected in sequence, the first branch is arranged along the first direction, and the first branch is positioned on one side of the second branch close to the second connecting part; the second branch extends in the second direction; the third branch extends along the first direction, and is positioned on one side of the second branch close to the second connecting part; the fourth branch extends along the second direction, and a second gap is formed between the fourth branch and the second connecting portion.
8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the midpoint of the fourth branch has a projected point on a side of the second connection portion facing the fourth connection portion, and an electrical length between the projected point and the first connection portion is 1/3 times an electrical length of the first branch.
9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first, second and third branches are disposed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate.
10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fourth branch extends in a thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.
11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the antenna generates a first resonant frequency by the first stub and the second stub;
the antenna generates a second resonant frequency through the fourth branch and the first branch;
the antenna generates a third resonant frequency through the third stub and the first stub;
the antenna generates a fourth resonant frequency through the first stub and the second stub.
12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein the first resonant frequency is 0.6 GHz-0.7 GHz, the second resonant frequency is 0.7 GHz-0.8 GHz, the third resonant frequency is 0.8 GHz-0.96 GHz, and the fourth resonant frequency is 1.427GHz-1.517 GHz.
13. A terminal device, comprising a circuit board, a feed transmission line and an antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the circuit board is provided with a radio frequency transceiver circuit, one end of the feed transmission line is connected with the radio frequency transceiver circuit, and the other end is connected with the feed end.
14. The terminal device of claim 13, wherein the circuit board includes a ground plane, and wherein an end of the fourth stub is coupled to the ground plane.
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| PCT/CN2021/139882 WO2022166444A1 (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-12-21 | Antenna and terminal device |
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| WO2022166444A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 |
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