CN114674729A - Pulse recognition method, pulse recognition device, storage medium, apparatus, and blood cell analyzer - Google Patents
Pulse recognition method, pulse recognition device, storage medium, apparatus, and blood cell analyzer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pulse recognition method, a pulse recognition device, a storage medium, a device and a blood cell analyzer. The pulse identification method comprises the following steps: acquiring a detection signal in a forward scattering direction and preliminarily identifying a pulse; determining whether a side lobe pulse exists in adjacent pulses or not based on whether the peak value time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value of the previous pulse and the end point or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the start point and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition or not; and under the condition that the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse, removing the side lobe pulse from the preliminarily identified pulse to obtain a first pulse sequence. The invention can remove the influence of the optical side lobe on the platelet count from the pulse identification stage without increasing the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blood cell detection, in particular to a pulse recognition method, a pulse recognition device, a storage medium, equipment and a blood cell analyzer.
Background
The blood cell analyzer mainly has two methods for detecting blood cells: one is an impedance method and the other is an optical method. Most of early blood analyzers used an impedance method for measuring blood cells, the specific principle of the impedance method being the coulter principle, which utilized the change in impedance at both ends of a small hole when blood cells flowed through the small hole for detection. With the progress of cell detection technology, optical methods have been developed, and the specific principle is to irradiate laser with specific wavelength onto blood cells flowing through an irradiation region, and to collect scattered light of multiple angles of the blood cells or combine fluorescence to realize the detection of the blood cells with multidimensional information. Compared with the traditional impedance method, the optical method has higher sensitivity, less influence by blood samples and higher accuracy when detecting blood cells. Therefore, high-end blood cell analyzers generally have the ability to optically detect blood cells.
When a blood cell analyzer adopting an optical method is used for measuring blood cells, forward scattering, side scattering and fluorescence signals after the cells are irradiated by laser are mainly collected for analysis, the size of the cells is distinguished through low-angle scattered light, and the cells are distinguished by combining scattered light or fluorescence at other angles. When detecting small volumes of cells (e.g., platelet cells), the peak of the main lobe of low angle scattered light produced when such cells flow through the laser illumination zone is also small because they are much smaller than red and white blood cells. Due to parameters of the optical element, such as aperture limitation and wave phase difference of the lens, side lobes generally exist near a main lobe of scattered light, and the size of the peak of the side lobe is closely related to the size of the peak of the main lobe and the parameters of the optical element. Under the condition of low parameter index of optical elements, the peak value of the side lobe near the main lobe of the low-angle scattered light generated by cells with larger volume (such as red blood cells and white blood cells) is closer to the peak value of the main lobe of the low-angle scattered light generated by cells with smaller volume (such as platelet cells), and the difference is not large. During measurement, the side lobes interfere with the accuracy of detection of small volume cells. For example, when measuring platelets, the side lobes are classified as platelet cells, which results in a high measurement value of optically measured platelets.
This problem can fundamentally remove the side lobe interference by changing the optical device, but the requirement for the optical element is high, which further increases the cost; the method is simple but does not solve the problem from the source, and only the final numerical value is adjusted, so that the measured value is not accurate enough, and the measured value of some samples may be obviously abnormal.
Therefore, there is a need in the art to solve the problem of how to remove the sidelobe interference at low cost and accurately when measuring blood cells using a blood cell analyzer using an optical method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a pulse recognition method, a pulse recognition apparatus, a storage medium, a device, and a blood cell analyzer.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pulse identification method, including:
acquiring a detection signal in a forward scattering direction and preliminarily identifying a pulse;
determining whether a side lobe pulse exists in adjacent pulses or not based on whether the peak value time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value of the previous pulse and the end point or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the start point and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition or not;
And under the condition that the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse, removing the side lobe pulse from the preliminarily identified pulse to obtain a first pulse sequence.
In some embodiments, the preliminary identifying pulses includes: determining the starting point, the ending point and the peak value of each pulse in the detection signal in the forward scattering direction;
wherein, determining the starting point and the ending point of each pulse in the detection signal in the forward scattering direction comprises:
if three continuous sampling points V0, V1 and V2 meet V2> V1> V0 and V2 is larger than or equal to a first threshold value, the sampling point V0 is determined as the starting point of the pulse;
if three consecutive sampling points V3, V4 and V5 satisfy V5 ≧ V4 and V3> V4, then sampling point V4 is determined as the end point of the pulse.
In some embodiments, the determining whether the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulses based on whether a peak time difference of the adjacent pulses, an amplitude difference of a peak value and an end point of a previous pulse or an amplitude difference of a peak value and a start point of a current pulse and an amplitude of an end point of a previous pulse satisfy a first preset condition includes:
if the peak value time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse or the amplitude difference between the peak value and the starting point of the current pulse and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition, determining that a side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulses;
Determining a pulse with a relatively small peak value in adjacent pulses as a side lobe pulse;
wherein the first preset condition comprises:
the time difference of the peak values of the adjacent pulses is smaller than a first preset value;
the amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse is smaller than a second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is larger than the peak value of the previous pulse, or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the starting point is smaller than the second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is smaller than the peak value of the previous pulse; and
the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse is greater than a second threshold.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
acquiring a detection signal of the fluorescence direction and identifying the pulse again;
determining whether the pulse is a missed identification pulse according to whether the change amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction in the pulse storage period identified again meets a second preset condition;
and supplementing the leakage identification pulse to the first pulse sequence to obtain a second pulse sequence.
In some embodiments, the second preset condition comprises exceeding a third threshold;
the determining whether the pulse is a missing identification pulse according to whether the variation amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction in the pulse duration period identified again meets a second preset condition includes:
And determining as a missing identification pulse if the change amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction within the pulse duration of re-identification exceeds a third threshold value.
In some embodiments, before supplementing the first pulse sequence with the missing identification pulse to obtain the second pulse sequence, the method further includes:
and compensating the amplitude of the missed identification pulse according to the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse, and adjusting the starting point of the missed identification pulse to a baseline.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pulse recognition apparatus, including:
the pulse identification module is used for acquiring detection signals in the forward scattering direction and preliminarily identifying pulses;
the side lobe eliminating module is used for determining whether side lobe pulses exist in adjacent pulses or not based on whether the peak value time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value of the previous pulse and the end point or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the starting point and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition or not;
and under the condition that the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse, the side lobe pulse is removed from the preliminarily identified pulse to obtain a first pulse sequence.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the computer program implements the pulse identification method according to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computing device, including a memory and one or more processors, the memory having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by the one or more processors, implements the pulse recognition method according to the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a blood cell analyzer including: the computing device of the fourth aspect.
Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the invention can bring at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention can remove the influence of the optical side lobe on the platelet count from the pulse identification stage, does not need to improve the cost, can avoid the missed platelet identification caused by the pulse depression of the high-value sample red blood cells, and improves the accuracy of the detection result. The invention does not need to continuously search a baseline and change a side lobe discrimination threshold, can retrieve the platelet signal which is mistakenly identified as the side lobe, and can avoid the flooding of the platelet by the erythrocyte signal for the specific sample with higher number of the platelets and the erythrocytes; in addition, a large amount of data does not need to be cached and transmitted, and the method can be applied to the FPGA layer, so that resources are saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pulse recognition method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse starting point provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an end point of a pulse provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a right side lobe pulse provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a left side lobe pulse provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of another pulse identification method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a miss recognition scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the pulse/scatter plot after sidelobe elimination according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9a is a scatter diagram before performing sidelobe canceling according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9b is a scatter plot after performing sidelobe elimination according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of missing platelet identification under the influence of RBC pulse dive provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the effect of missing platelets that can be identified as side lobes provided by embodiments of the present invention,
fig. 12 is a block diagram of a pulse recognition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the related technology, the interference side lobe signal is eliminated by determining a side lobe discrimination threshold through a pulse peak value, a pulse peak time and a pulse baseline, and then searching and eliminating the side lobe signal according to the side lobe discrimination threshold within a preset time before and after the peak value, thereby eliminating the interference side lobe signal. However, the method needs to use a pulse baseline to determine the sidelobe discrimination threshold, and the baseline is sometimes interfered by noise and then changed in practical application, so the method needs to continuously calculate the sidelobe discrimination threshold, and further increases the calculated amount; in addition, when the platelets are close to red blood cells and pass through the optical element, a signal state similar to a side lobe is generated, and the method does not intercept the situation, so that the platelets can be mistakenly identified as the optical side lobe, and the accuracy of measurement of the platelets can be affected.
Example one
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a pulse identification method, and as shown in fig. 1, the pulse identification method provided in this embodiment includes steps S101 to S103:
and S101, acquiring a detection signal in the front scattering direction and preliminarily identifying pulses.
Step S102, determining whether a side lobe pulse exists in adjacent pulses or not based on whether the peak time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse or the amplitude difference between the peak value and the starting point of the current pulse and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition or not;
And step S103, under the condition that side lobe pulses exist in adjacent pulses, removing the side lobe pulses from the preliminarily identified pulses to obtain a first pulse sequence.
In the embodiment, a detection signal in a forward scattering direction for optical blood cell detection by a blood cell analyzer is obtained, pulses are preliminarily identified, and in the preliminarily identified pulses, side lobe pulses are identified based on a peak value time difference of adjacent pulses, an amplitude difference between a peak value and an end point of a previous pulse or an amplitude difference between a peak value and a start point of a current pulse, and an amplitude of an end point of the previous pulse.
The side lobe is a proximity effect caused by light diffraction, and is a phenomenon that secondary signals with lower amplitude and similar shape to a normal pulse signal appear on two sides of a target signal, and the size and the position of the secondary signals are closely related to the amplitude of the target signal and parameters of each element in an optical path system. Because the peak value and the pulse width of the optical detection system are very close to those of the main lobe signal of the platelet, the side lobe is often mistakenly detected as the platelet during pulse detection, and the number of the platelets identified by the optical method is seriously more than that of the platelets identified by the impedance method. The sidelobe interference can be removed from the optical element layer, but the manufacturing cost of the instrument can be increased, so that the sidelobe signal is removed, the purpose of avoiding mistakenly identifying a large number of platelets can be achieved, and the cost can be saved.
In practical applications, the detection signal in the front scattering direction is a digital signal converted by an analog-to-digital converter.
In some embodiments, the preliminary identifying of the pulse in step S101 includes:
step S101a, determining a start point, an end point, and a peak value of each pulse in the detection signal of the front scattering direction.
In some cases, determining the starting point and the ending point of each pulse in the detection signal of the forward scattering direction includes:
if three consecutive sampling points V0, V1 and V2 satisfy V2> V1> V0 and V2 is greater than or equal to the first threshold value th1, the sampling point V0 is determined as the starting point of the pulse, and as shown in fig. 2, the three sampling points V0, V1 and V2 correspond to times T0, T1 and T2, and the first threshold value th1 may be set to 285.
If three sampling points V3, V4 and V5 are continuously connected, and V5 is greater than or equal to V4, and V3> V4 are satisfied, the sampling point V4 is determined as an end point of the pulse, and as shown in fig. 3, the times corresponding to the three sampling points V3, V4 and V5 are T3, T4 and T5, respectively.
In some implementations, step S101a may also determine the pulse width of each pulse in the detection signal in the forward scattering direction, that is, the duration of the pulse.
It is worth noting that none of the three consecutive sampling points V3, V4, and V5 involved in the determination of the end point is compared to the first threshold. When the particles appear continuously and the distance between adjacent particles is close, the pulse end point of the previous particle is influenced by the starting point of the next pulse, if a threshold value is used for comparison, the double-peak pulse is identified to be a single pulse, and missed identification of blood cell particles is caused, so that the size comparison among three continuous sampling points V3, V4 and V5 is adopted to determine the pulse end point in the embodiment, missed identification of the blood cell particles can be avoided, each pulse in a detection signal in the forward scattering direction can be accurately identified, and the identification accuracy is improved.
In this embodiment, according to the characteristics of the side lobe signal, when the peak occurrence time of two adjacent pulses is relatively close and the peak relative amplitude of one of the pulses is relatively low, a side lobe filtering operation should be performed, the pulse with the relatively large peak is used as an effective pulse, and the pulse with the relatively small peak (side lobe pulse) is removed, so as to determine the starting point and the ending point of the final pulse. In some embodiments, the determining whether the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse in step S102 based on whether the peak time difference of the adjacent pulse, the amplitude difference of the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse, or the amplitude difference of the peak value and the start point of the current pulse, and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse satisfy a first preset condition includes:
step S102a, if the time difference between the peaks of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak of the previous pulse and the end point, or the amplitude difference between the peak of the current pulse and the start point, and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse satisfy a first preset condition, determining that a side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulses.
Step S102b, determining a pulse with a relatively small peak value in adjacent pulses as a side lobe pulse;
wherein the first preset condition includes:
(1) the time difference of the peak values of the adjacent pulses is smaller than a first preset value;
(2) The amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse is smaller than a second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is larger than the peak value of the previous pulse, or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the starting point is smaller than the second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is smaller than the peak value of the previous pulse;
(3) the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse is larger than the second threshold th 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the right side lobe pulse, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the left side lobe pulse.
In fig. 4, the peak values of adjacent pulses are Va and Vb, respectively, and the corresponding times are Ta and Tb, respectively, and taking the first preset value as 2 μ s as an example, the peak value time difference Tb-Ta of adjacent pulses is less than 2 μ s, that is, the condition (1) is satisfied; taking the second preset value as 300 as an example, if the amplitude difference Vb-V6 between the peak value Vb of the current pulse and the starting point V6 is less than 300, and the peak value Vb of the current pulse is smaller than the peak value Va of the previous pulse, the condition (2) is met; the amplitude of the end point V6 of the previous pulse is larger than the second threshold th2, that is, the condition (3) is satisfied, and thus a pulse having a relatively small right-side peak among the adjacent pulses of fig. 4 is determined as a side lobe pulse (right side lobe). Because the side lobe is generated based on the optical diffraction phenomenon, the relative position of the first-order side lobe pulse and the main pulse is fixed for monochromatic light, and certain correlation exists between the first-order side lobe pulse and the amplitude of the side lobe pulse. Although monochromatic light is not targeted in the embodiment, the relative position difference between the side lobe pulse and the main pulse is not too large, and the side lobe pulse can be accurately screened out based on the condition (2) when the first preset value is set to be 2 mus and the second preset value is set to be 300 according to limited experiments. It should be understood that the first preset value is 2 μ s, and the second preset value is 300, which is only an example, and in practical applications, the preset value may be set to other values according to requirements or experience, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately screening out the side lobe pulse.
In fig. 5, the peak values of adjacent pulses are Vc and Vd, respectively, the corresponding times are Tc and Td, respectively, and taking the first preset value of 2 μ s as an example, the peak value time difference Tc-Td of adjacent pulses is less than 2 μ s, that is, the condition (1) is satisfied; taking the second preset value as 300 as an example, the amplitude difference Vd-V7 between the peak value Vd of the previous pulse and the end point V7 is less than 300, and the peak value Vc of the current pulse is greater than the peak value Vd of the previous pulse, so that the condition (2) is satisfied; the amplitude of the end point V7 of the previous pulse is larger than the second threshold th2, i.e., the condition (3) is satisfied, and thus a pulse having a relatively small left-side peak among the adjacent pulses of fig. 5 is determined as a side lobe pulse (left side lobe).
In some implementations, a second threshold th2 lower than the first threshold th1 is set based on the first threshold th1 as a condition for determining that a side lobe may exist, for example, the second threshold th2 is set to be the first threshold th1-50, the amplitude of the end point V7 of the previous pulse is greater than the first threshold th1-50, the side lobe may exist, and the amplitude of the end point V7 of the previous pulse is not greater than the first threshold th1-50, the adjacent pulse accompanied by red blood cells RBC and platelets may exist.
And if and only if the three conditions are all met, considering that one side lobe pulse exists in the two adjacent pulses, executing side lobe elimination operation, and directly eliminating the side lobe pulse from a first pulse sequence uploaded to the upper computer.
It should be understood that, in practical applications, for the judgment whether the first preset condition is satisfied, whether the above conditions (1) to (3) are satisfied at the same time may be determined, or in a case where the condition (1) that the peak time difference of adjacent pulses is smaller than the first preset value is satisfied, the condition (3) that the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse is larger than the second threshold th2 may be determined, and in a case where the condition (3) is satisfied, whether the current side lobe pulse is a left side lobe pulse or a right side lobe pulse may be further determined by the judgment condition (2). In some cases, in order to further improve the identification efficiency and reduce the calculation cost and the caching cost, it may be determined whether a situation that an amplitude difference between a peak value and an end point of a previous pulse in the condition (2) is smaller than a second preset value and a peak value of a current pulse is larger than the peak value of the previous pulse occurs first under the condition that the condition (3) is satisfied, if the situation occurs, the previous pulse is directly determined to be a left side lobe pulse, and if the situation does not occur, a situation that an amplitude difference between the peak value and a start point of the current pulse is smaller than the second preset value and the peak value of the current pulse is smaller than the peak value of the previous pulse is determined to be whether the current pulse is a right side lobe pulse.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the method of the present embodiment further includes:
And step S104, acquiring a detection signal of the fluorescence direction and identifying the pulse again.
It should be understood that, by identifying the pulses again in the fluorescence direction, the starting point, the ending point and the peak value of each pulse in the detection signal of the fluorescence direction can be determined in the manner of the foregoing step S101a, including:
if three consecutive sampling points V0, V1, and V2 satisfy V2> V1> V0, and V2 is greater than or equal to the first threshold th1, the sampling point V0 is determined as the starting point of the pulse, and as shown in fig. 2, the times corresponding to the three sampling points V0, V1, and V2 are T0, T1, and T2, respectively. It should be noted that, since the fluorescence direction signal interference is stronger, a higher first threshold value is needed to identify the starting point of the pulse, and therefore, the first threshold value th1 set when the pulse is identified again in the fluorescence direction should be larger than the first threshold value th1 set when the pulse is initially identified in the forward direction, and the first threshold value th1 may be set to 500, for example, when the pulse is identified again in the fluorescence direction.
If three consecutive sampling points V3, V4, and V5 satisfy that V5 is greater than or equal to V4 and V3 is greater than V4, the sampling point V4 is determined as the end point of the pulse, and as shown in fig. 3, the times corresponding to the three sampling points V3, V4, and V5 are T3, T4, and T5, respectively.
Step S105, determining whether the pulse is the missing identification pulse according to whether the change amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction in the pulse storage period identified again meets a second preset condition.
In some embodiments, the second preset condition comprises exceeding a third threshold; step S105 determines whether the pulse is a missing identification pulse according to whether the variation amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction in the pulse duration period identified again satisfies a second preset condition, including:
in step S105a, if the amplitude of change of the detection signal in the forward direction during the pulse duration period to be re-identified exceeds the third threshold th3, it is determined as a missing identification pulse.
In practice, when no particle passes through, the detection signal will stabilize at a value with a small variation, i.e. the baseline. For a particular sample with a high number of platelets and red blood cells, a "dive" below baseline occurs when the pulse falls, while the red blood cells have a high amplitude and the dive is stronger, which may result in platelet particles being submerged in the red blood cells if they occur immediately after the voltage has not returned to the baseline value, as shown in fig. 7, which is a platelet pulse within a box that is submerged in red blood cells and is closer to the red blood cells.
In this embodiment, by adding a signal identification mechanism for the fluorescence direction, missed identification caused by mishandling platelets as side lobes or missed identification caused by depression of RBC pulses can be effectively prevented, identification pulses are searched in the fluorescence direction by using the same method as that for the antecedent direction, the starting point and the ending point of each pulse are determined, the change amplitude of the antecedent direction signal in the pulse storage period is judged after the pulse is searched, if the change amplitude exceeds a third threshold th3, a missed platelet is considered to exist, and finally, the current pulse amplitude is compensated according to the amplitude voltage of the ending point of the previous pulse, the starting point of the current pulse is adjusted to a baseline value, and the condition that the amplitude of the retrieved platelet in the antecedent direction is too low is avoided.
In one example, the third threshold th3 is equal to 25, the first threshold th1 set for the preliminary pulse recognition in the early scattering direction is set to 285, and the first threshold th1 is determined by adding a reference value a to the baseline value, that is, the first threshold th1 is equal to the baseline value + a, and it is tested that the excessive false detection signal is avoided when a is equal to 25, therefore, a may be set to 25.
And S106, supplementing the missing identification pulse to the first pulse sequence to obtain a second pulse sequence.
And further, uploading the second pulse sequence to an upper computer.
In some embodiments, supplementing the missing identification pulse to the first pulse sequence before obtaining the second pulse sequence further comprises: and compensating the amplitude of the missed identification pulse according to the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse, and adjusting the starting point of the missed identification pulse to a baseline so as to avoid that the amplitude of the retrieved missed identification pulse (platelet) in the antedispersion direction is too low.
It should be understood that the total number of pulses finally identified by the method of the present embodiment is the pulse initially identified based on the detection signal in the forward direction-the side lobe pulse + the pulse identified again based on the detection signal in the fluorescence direction-the repetitive pulse in the pulse identified based on the detection signals in the forward direction and the fluorescence direction, and in some implementations, the repetitive pulse in the pulse identified based on the detection signals in the forward direction and the fluorescence direction may be filtered according to the time stamp.
In one practical example, PLT numbers are identified using the optical channel of the existing method, the optical channel of the method, and the impedance channel of the existing method, respectively, for the following table:
the above table shows the comparative test result of a normal sample without alarm, and theoretically, the measured value of the impedance channel should be closer to the measured value of the optical channel, and the difference is smaller. However, under the condition that a plurality of side lobe pulses exist in a detection signal, the side lobe pulses cannot be identified and eliminated by the existing method, so the measured value of the optical channel of the existing method is obviously higher; the optical channel using the method can identify and eliminate the side lobe pulse, and can further supplement the missing identification pulse which is mistakenly identified as the side lobe or influenced by the diving of the RBC pulse. Therefore, compared with the existing method, the method has the advantages that the measured value of the optical channel and the measured value of the impedance channel are obviously closer, and the method obviously improves the accuracy of the detection result.
Fig. 8 shows an effect diagram of a pulse/scatter diagram level after the side lobe pulse is removed by using the method, wherein the diagram shows the original signal sampling effect, the horizontal axis is a sampling point, the vertical axis is an amplitude, the position marked by "+" is the side lobe pulse identified by the method, and the position marked by "+" is the pulse of a platelet. Therefore, the method can accurately identify the side lobe pulse in the detection signal in the forward scattering direction, and further eliminate each side lobe pulse to obtain an accurate pulse identification result.
Fig. 9a and 9b show a comparison of the change of the scatter diagram before and after performing the sidelobe elimination, and it can be seen that the number of particles in the lower left corner box in the scatter diagram after performing the sidelobe elimination shown in fig. 9b is significantly reduced and the sidelobe elimination effect is significant, compared with the scatter diagram before performing the sidelobe elimination (fig. 9 a).
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of missing platelet recognition due to RBC pulse dive, in which the diagram shows the original signal sampling effect, the horizontal axis is a sampling point, the vertical axis is amplitude, the position marked by "+" is a side lobe pulse recognized by the method, the position marked by "+" is a platelet pulse, and the position marked by "x" is a PLT pulse which is influenced by RBC pulse dive and is closer to RBC.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of missed platelet identification due to easy identification as side lobe, in which the diagram shows the original signal sampling effect, the horizontal axis is the sampling point, the vertical axis is the amplitude, the position of "+" sign is the side lobe pulse identified by the method, the position of "+" sign is the platelet pulse, and the position of "×" sign is the PLT pulse which is closer to the RBC and is easy to be identified as side lobe.
Example two
Fig. 12 shows a block diagram of a pulse recognition device, and as shown in fig. 12, the present embodiment provides a pulse recognition device, including:
a pulse recognition module 201, configured to obtain a detection signal in a forward scattering direction and preliminarily recognize a pulse;
a sidelobe eliminating module 202, configured to determine whether a sidelobe pulse exists in adjacent pulses based on whether a peak time difference of the adjacent pulses, an amplitude difference between a peak of a previous pulse and an end point, or an amplitude difference between a peak of a current pulse and a start point, and an amplitude of an end point of the previous pulse satisfy a first preset condition; and under the condition that the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse, removing the side lobe pulse from the preliminarily identified pulse to obtain a first pulse sequence.
In the embodiment, a detection signal in a forward scattering direction for optical blood cell detection by a blood cell analyzer is obtained, the pulse is preliminarily identified, and in the preliminarily identified pulse, whether a side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse or not is determined based on whether the peak time difference of the adjacent pulse, the amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse or the amplitude difference between the peak value and the start point of the current pulse and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition or not, the side lobe pulse is identified and removed, so that a first pulse sequence is obtained, and missed identification caused by that the blood platelet is mistaken for a side lobe can be effectively prevented.
In some embodiments, the pulse identification module 201, when initially identifying the pulse, includes: and determining the starting point, the ending point and the peak value of each pulse in the detection signal in the forward scattering direction.
In some cases, determining the starting point and the ending point of each pulse in the detection signal of the forward scattering direction includes:
if three consecutive sampling points V0, V1 and V2 satisfy V2> V1> V0 and V2 is greater than or equal to the first threshold th1, the sampling point V0 is determined as the starting point of the pulse, as shown in fig. 2, the times corresponding to the three sampling points V0, V1 and V2 are T0, T1 and T2, for example, the first threshold th1 may be set to 285.
If three consecutive sampling points V3, V4, and V5 satisfy that V5 is greater than or equal to V4 and V3 is greater than V4, the sampling point V4 is determined as the end point of the pulse, and as shown in fig. 3, the times corresponding to the three sampling points V3, V4, and V5 are T3, T4, and T5, respectively.
In some implementations, the pulse recognition module 201 can also determine the pulse width, i.e., the duration of each pulse, of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction.
It is worth noting that none of the three consecutive sample points V3, V4, and V5 involved in the determination of the end point is compared to the first threshold value. When the particles appear continuously and the distance between adjacent particles is close, the pulse end point of the previous particle is influenced by the starting point of the next pulse, if a threshold value is used for comparison, the double-peak pulse is identified to be a single pulse, and missed identification of blood cell particles is caused, so that the size comparison among three continuous sampling points V3, V4 and V5 is adopted to determine the pulse end point in the embodiment, missed identification of the blood cell particles can be avoided, each pulse in a detection signal in the forward scattering direction can be accurately identified, and the identification accuracy is improved.
In this embodiment, according to the characteristics of the side lobe signal, when the peak occurrence time of two adjacent pulses is relatively close and the peak relative amplitude of one of the pulses is relatively low, a side lobe filtering operation should be performed, the pulse with the relatively large peak is used as an effective pulse, and the pulse with the relatively small peak (side lobe pulse) is removed, so as to determine the starting point and the ending point of the final pulse. In some embodiments, the sidelobe canceling module 202 determines whether a sidelobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulses based on whether a peak time difference of the adjacent pulses, an amplitude difference of a peak and an end point of a previous pulse, or an amplitude difference of a peak and a start point of a current pulse, and an amplitude of an end point of the previous pulse satisfy a first preset condition, including:
if the peak value time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse or the amplitude difference between the peak value and the starting point of the current pulse and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition, determining that a side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulses; and determining a pulse having a relatively small peak value among adjacent pulses as a side lobe pulse.
Wherein the first preset condition includes:
(1) the time difference of the peak values of the adjacent pulses is smaller than a first preset value;
(2) The amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse is smaller than a second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is larger than the peak value of the previous pulse, or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the starting point is smaller than the second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is smaller than the peak value of the previous pulse;
(3) the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse is larger than the second threshold th 2.
In some implementations, a second threshold th2 lower than the first threshold th1 is set with reference to the first threshold th1 as a condition for judging that a side lobe may exist, for example, the second threshold th2 is set to the first threshold th 1-50.
And if and only if the three conditions are all met, considering that one side lobe pulse exists in the two adjacent pulses, executing side lobe elimination operation, and directly eliminating the side lobe pulse from a first pulse sequence uploaded to the upper computer.
In some embodiments, the pulse identification module 201 is further configured to acquire a detection signal of the fluorescence direction and identify the pulse again. This device still includes:
a missing identification supplement module 203, configured to determine whether the pulse is a missing identification pulse according to whether the variation amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction in the pulse duration period identified again satisfies a second preset condition; and supplementing the leak identification pulse to the first pulse sequence to obtain a second pulse sequence. Here, if the change width of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction during the pulse duration period to be identified again exceeds the third threshold value th3, it is determined as a missing identification pulse.
It will be appreciated that identifying the pulses again in the fluorescence direction, the starting point, the ending point and the peak value of each pulse in the detection signal of the fluorescence direction can still be determined in the manner described above, including:
if three consecutive sampling points V0, V1, and V2 satisfy V2> V1> V0 and V2 is greater than or equal to the first threshold th1, the sampling point V0 is determined as the starting point of the pulse, and as shown in fig. 2, the times corresponding to the three sampling points V0, V1, and V2 are T0, T1, and T2, respectively. It should be noted that, since the fluorescence direction signal interference is stronger, a higher first threshold value is needed to identify the starting point of the pulse, and therefore, the first threshold value th1 set when the pulse is identified again in the fluorescence direction should be larger than the first threshold value th1 set when the pulse is initially identified in the forward direction, and the first threshold value th1 may be set to 500, for example, when the pulse is identified again in the fluorescence direction.
If three consecutive sampling points V3, V4, and V5 satisfy that V5 is greater than or equal to V4 and V3 is greater than V4, the sampling point V4 is determined as the end point of the pulse, and as shown in fig. 3, the times corresponding to the three sampling points V3, V4, and V5 are T3, T4, and T5, respectively.
In this embodiment, by adding a signal recognition mechanism for the fluorescence direction, the same method as that for the antecedent direction is used to search for recognition pulses in the fluorescence direction, determine the starting point and the ending point of each pulse, determine the variation amplitude of the signal in the antecedent direction within the pulse duration after searching for the pulses, determine that there is a missed platelet in the current pulse if the variation amplitude exceeds the third threshold th3, and finally compensate the current pulse amplitude according to the amplitude voltage of the ending point of the previous pulse, adjust the starting value of the current pulse to the baseline value, and avoid the amplitude of the retrieved platelet in the antecedent direction being too low.
In some embodiments, supplementing the first pulse sequence with the leak detection pulse and prior to obtaining the second pulse sequence further comprises: and compensating the amplitude of the missing identification pulse according to the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse, and adjusting the starting point of the missing identification pulse to a base line so as to avoid that the amplitude of the retrieved missing identification pulse (platelet) in the forward scattering direction is too low.
It should be understood that the total number of pulses finally identified by the method of the present embodiment is the pulse initially identified based on the detection signal in the forward direction-the side lobe pulse + the pulse identified again based on the detection signal in the fluorescence direction-the repetitive pulse in the pulse identified based on the detection signals in the forward direction and the fluorescence direction, and in some implementations, the repetitive pulse in the pulse identified based on the detection signals in the forward direction and the fluorescence direction may be filtered according to the time stamp.
The apparatus of this embodiment has all the advantages of the method provided in the first embodiment, and details are not described in this embodiment.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules or steps described above can be implemented using a general purpose computing device, that they can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of computing devices, and that they can alternatively be implemented using program code executable by a computing device, such that the program code is stored in a memory device and executed by a computing device, and the program code is then separately fabricated into various integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps of the program code are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. The present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiments provide a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by one or more processors, implements a pulse recognition method as provided by a first embodiment.
In this embodiment, the storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or nonvolatile storage device or combination thereof, such as a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic Memory, a flash Memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. The content of the method is described in the first embodiment, and is not described in detail here.
Example four
The present embodiment provides a computing device comprising a memory and one or more processors, the memory having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by the one or more processors, implements the pulse recognition method of the preceding embodiments.
In this embodiment, the Processor may be an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other electronic components, and is configured to perform the method in the above embodiments. The method implemented when the computer program running on the processor is executed may refer to the specific embodiment of the method provided in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, and details thereof are not described herein.
EXAMPLE five
The present embodiment provides a blood cell analyzer including: embodiment four provides a computing device.
The blood cell analyzer of the embodiment can fundamentally remove the side lobe interference without changing an optical device, and the cost is not increased; can compensate the cell number of high-low value section sample misrecognition and missing recognition through the recognition and the supplement of side lobe recognition, missing recognition pulse, solve the accurate recognition problem of blood cell pulse from the source, promote the detection accuracy and the efficiency of blood cell analyzer.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can be implemented in other ways. The system and method embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of pulse identification, comprising:
acquiring a detection signal in a forward scattering direction and preliminarily identifying a pulse;
determining whether a side lobe pulse exists in adjacent pulses or not based on whether the peak value time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value of the previous pulse and the end point or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the start point and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition or not;
and under the condition that the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse, the side lobe pulse is removed from the preliminarily identified pulse to obtain a first pulse sequence.
2. The pulse recognition method of claim 1, wherein the preliminary recognizing a pulse comprises: determining the starting point, the ending point and the peak value of each pulse in the detection signal in the forward scattering direction;
wherein, determining the starting point and the ending point of each pulse in the detection signal in the forward scattering direction comprises:
if three continuous sampling points V0, V1 and V2 meet V2> V1> V0 and V2 is larger than or equal to a first threshold value, the sampling point V0 is determined as the starting point of the pulse;
if three consecutive sampling points V3, V4 and V5 satisfy V5 ≧ V4 and V3> V4, then sampling point V4 is determined as the end point of the pulse.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining whether the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulses based on whether a peak time difference of the adjacent pulses, an amplitude difference between a peak value and an end point of a previous pulse or an amplitude difference between a peak value and a start point of a current pulse, and an amplitude of an end point of the previous pulse satisfy a first preset condition comprises:
If the amplitude difference between the peak value of the adjacent pulse and the end point of the previous pulse or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the start point and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition, determining that a side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse;
determining a pulse with a relatively small peak value in adjacent pulses as a side lobe pulse;
wherein the first preset condition comprises:
the time difference of the peak values of the adjacent pulses is smaller than a first preset value;
the amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse is smaller than a second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is larger than the peak value of the previous pulse, or the amplitude difference between the peak value of the current pulse and the starting point is smaller than the second preset value, and the peak value of the current pulse is smaller than the peak value of the previous pulse; and
the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse is greater than a second threshold.
4. The pulse recognition method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring a detection signal of the fluorescence direction and identifying the pulse again;
determining whether the pulse is a missed identification pulse according to whether the change amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction in the pulse storage period identified again meets a second preset condition;
and supplementing the leakage identification pulse to the first pulse sequence to obtain a second pulse sequence.
5. The pulse recognition method of claim 4, wherein the second preset condition comprises exceeding a third threshold;
the determining whether the pulse is a missing identification pulse according to whether the variation amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction in the pulse duration period identified again meets a second preset condition includes:
and determining as a missing identification pulse if the change amplitude of the detection signal in the forward scattering direction exceeds a third threshold value within the pulse duration period identified again.
6. The pulse recognition method of claim 4, wherein said supplementing the first pulse train with the missing recognition pulses before the second pulse train, further comprises:
and compensating the amplitude of the missing identification pulse according to the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse, and adjusting the starting point of the missing identification pulse to a baseline.
7. A pulse recognition apparatus, comprising:
the pulse identification module is used for acquiring a detection signal in the forward scattering direction and preliminarily identifying a pulse;
the side lobe eliminating module is used for determining whether side lobe pulses exist in adjacent pulses or not based on whether the peak value time difference of the adjacent pulses, the amplitude difference between the peak value and the end point of the previous pulse or the amplitude difference between the peak value and the starting point of the current pulse and the amplitude of the end point of the previous pulse meet a first preset condition or not;
And under the condition that the side lobe pulse exists in the adjacent pulse, the side lobe pulse is removed from the preliminarily identified pulse to obtain a first pulse sequence.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by one or more processors, implements the pulse recognition method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computing device comprising a memory and one or more processors, the memory having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by the one or more processors, implements a pulse recognition method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A blood cell analyzer, comprising: the computing device of claim 9.
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