CN114502403B - Cooling device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Cooling device for a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114502403B CN114502403B CN202080063463.6A CN202080063463A CN114502403B CN 114502403 B CN114502403 B CN 114502403B CN 202080063463 A CN202080063463 A CN 202080063463A CN 114502403 B CN114502403 B CN 114502403B
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- Prior art keywords
- fan
- air guide
- heat exchanger
- vehicle
- air
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Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 108
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/08—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
- B60K11/085—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor with adjustable shutters or blinds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/10—Guiding or ducting cooling-air, to, or from, liquid-to-air heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
- F01P5/06—Guiding or ducting air to, or from, ducted fans
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cooling device (2) for a motor vehicle (4), comprising an external air guide (12, 12') having at least one inlet (70 a, 86 a) on the front side of the vehicle and at least one outlet (70 b, 88) oriented transversely thereto, and a first air guide duct (70, 84) formed between said two air guide ducts, comprising a first heat exchanger (30, 92, 94, 96) and a radial fan (76) associated with the first heat exchanger.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a cooling device for a motor vehicle, in particular for an electrically driven or drivable motor vehicle. An electrically driven or electrically drivable motor vehicle is understood here to mean in particular an electric vehicle (battery vehicle) having an electric motor powered by a rechargeable battery or a hybrid vehicle having an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Background
Cooling devices for internal combustion engines, in particular for motor vehicles, primarily remove heat released to the combustion chamber or cylinder wall. Because excessive temperatures can damage the engine, the internal combustion engine must be cooled. With few exceptions, modern internal combustion engines, in particular four-stroke engines in motor vehicles, are liquid-cooled, wherein a mixture of water, antifreeze and preservative is generally used as coolant to maintain the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine, and also for the operation of air conditioning systems.
The coolant in the pipes led into the cooling module of the cooler network or the cooler must be cooled again, so that the cooling air passes over the cooler ribs which exchange heat with the coolant. Since the oncoming wind used as cooling air is generally not sufficient for cooling, in particular at low speeds of motor vehicles, it is known from DE 10 2013 006 499 U1, for example, to arrange an axial fan on a radiator comprising cooling ribs within a radiator frame. The axial fan, which is preferably driven by an electric motor, generates an additional air flow, wherein the radiator frame has a number of dynamic pressure flap openings, which can be closed with dynamic pressure flaps. When the dynamic pressure flap is open and the vehicle speed is relatively high, a reduced cooling surface coverage and a large free flow area are achieved due to the less clogging, and thus an increased cooling capacity is achieved.
In the direction of travel, the axial fan is usually arranged downstream of the cooling network or the cooling module of the cooler (heat exchanger). By means of the fan wheel of the fan, air is sucked in through the cooler network and deflected to the combustion engine. If there is a condenser network of a liquefier of an air conditioning system in addition to the cooler network, the condenser network is usually arranged upstream of the cooler network in the direction of the oncoming wind (direction of air flow).
Electrically driven or drivable vehicles or motor vehicles driven or drivable by an electric motor, such as electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, generally comprise an electric motor as an electric drive system, with which one or both axles can be driven. For supplying electrical energy, the electric motor is usually coupled to a (high voltage) battery inside the vehicle as an electrical energy store. A battery is understood here and in the following to mean in particular a rechargeable electrochemical secondary battery, for example a storage battery.
Such electric motors as electric drive machines generate relatively little waste heat during operation, so that only a low cooling capacity of the cooling device is required in comparison with an internal combustion engine. However, in the case of electrically driven or electrically drivable motor vehicles there is the further problem that the battery starts to deteriorate at high battery temperatures, for example above 45 ℃. This means that at such elevated temperatures, damage or complete destruction of the electrochemical reaction of the cell can occur within the cell.
In order to improve the electric travel, so-called fast-charge operation is often required in electric or hybrid vehicles, in which the battery inside the vehicle is charged in as short a time as possible. During this rapid charging, relatively high currents occur, which lead to an increase in the battery temperature during the charging process.
The battery is typically charged while the vehicle is stationary so that there is no oncoming wind for cooling. Therefore, in order to improve the cooling performance of the battery in the (fast) charging mode, the cooling air flow through the heat exchanger may be generated by an axial flow fan, for example. However, a disadvantage is that such axial fans lead to relatively high noise pollution.
Furthermore, conventional cooling devices have a relatively low cooling capacity due to the lack of oncoming wind in charging operation, which means that it is often necessary to reduce the charging current after a certain time of charging in order to avoid overheating and degradation of the battery. Thereby disadvantageously increasing the charging time of the motor vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is based on the object of providing a particularly suitable cooling device for a motor vehicle.
This object is achieved according to the invention with a cooling device for a motor vehicle. The cooling device has an external air guide with two parallel air guide channels, each having an inlet on the front side of the vehicle, a heat exchanger, a cooler fan and an outlet oriented transversely to the respective inlet,
Wherein the cooler fans are arranged flow-technically after the respective heat exchangers,
Wherein the cooling fan of the first air guiding channel is implemented as a radial fan and the cooling fan of the second air guiding channel is implemented as an axial fan,
-Wherein the outlet of the first air guiding channel is oriented towards the vehicle front windshield and the outlet of the second air guiding channel is oriented towards the vehicle underside, and
Wherein the outlet has an exactly opposite blowing direction.
The invention has an advantageous design and development.
The cooling device according to the invention is provided for a motor vehicle and is suitable for this and is provided for this. The cooling apparatus has an outside air guide for vehicle temperature control. The outside air guide guides outside air or ambient air of the motor vehicle into the construction space, in particular into the front-side engine space. The motor vehicle is in particular an electrically driven motor vehicle or an electrically drivable motor vehicle, for example an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The motor vehicle has an electric motor which is supplied with power by a rechargeable battery, wherein a cooling device, hereinafter also referred to as a cooling module, is provided in particular for cooling the battery and/or the electric motor.
The term "and/or" is understood here and in the following to mean that the features connected by this term can be designed either together or in place of one another.
The outside air guide has at least one inlet located on the front side of the vehicle and at least one outlet oriented transversely thereto and a first air guide passage formed therebetween. The first heat exchanger and the radial fan associated with the first heat exchanger are arranged in the first air guide channel. A particularly suitable cooling device is thereby achieved.
A radial fan or radial fan is understood here and hereinafter to be a cooler fan as follows: which axially sucks in the cooling air and delivers it radially after deflection (90 ° deflection). This means that the radial fan is transported (blown) outwards in the radial direction. Correspondingly, an axial fan refers to a cooler fan that sucks in cooling air axially and delivers it axially.
The radial flow fan generates lower noise than the axial flow fan. In particular, radial fans can achieve significantly reduced sound pressure levels at the same air output. Thereby a cooling device with reduced noise is achieved. In stationary motor vehicles requiring high heat extraction, for example during a battery fast charge process, the external air guide has significantly lower air noise at the same air output compared to a conventional cooler fan module with an axial flow fan, for example 10dB (a) lower compared to 70-80 dB (a). Therefore, the noise generation of the cooling device (cooling module) is as low as possible, i.e., as noise-free (quiet) as possible, at the time of battery charging.
The term "axial" is understood here to mean a direction parallel (coaxial) to the rotational axis (axial direction) of the fan or of the fan wheel, while the term "radial" is understood to mean a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis (radial direction) of the fan. The rotational axis of the fan again runs in the longitudinal direction of the guide channel, i.e. approximately parallel to the direction of travel of the motor vehicle.
The (hot air) recirculation is also reduced or prevented by the improved spatial separation of the inlet and outlet regions, so that the power requirements for the air volume flow are reduced. The inlet and outlet of the first air guiding channel are preferably spaced as far apart from each other as possible, so that recirculation, i.e. re-suction of heated air, is largely avoided. Thereby ensuring a high efficiency of the cooling device. For example, the outlet is directed towards a front windshield or wheel cover of the motor vehicle.
Furthermore, the cooling device has a particularly high potential for integrating larger heat exchanger networks due to the retracted position within the upwardly extending "hood" region. Furthermore, a new constructional freedom for the front part is achieved, as well as a better space utilization, points of attention to higher construction space requirements, etc. In particular, a significant design potential for a "new vehicle appearance", i.e. a new vehicle front, is thus achieved.
In an advantageous embodiment, the outside air guide has at least three controllable louvers. Thereby, the external air guide is adapted and arranged for achieving a concentrated, preferably fully defined, air guide from the inlet to the outlet.
Thanks to the louvers, the outside air guide has three actively controllable openings which effect the guiding of cooling air from the inlet to the outlet depending on the load situation. Thereby improving the energy efficiency of the motor vehicle. In particular, the drive power averaged over the driving cycle is reduced, which is achieved in particular by continuously minimizing the drive resistance. For this purpose, the air proportion flowing around the vehicle is maximized and only the air volume flow required for forced heat dissipation in the driving situation flows into the subsystem external air guide. At a given air output, a higher heat dissipation capacity is achieved due to the higher utilization of the cooler assembly and due to the formation of complete (more complete) flow within the fan, as compared to an axial flow fan.
In a preferred refinement, the external air guide has a second air guide channel with a second heat exchanger with an axial fan associated with the second heat exchanger. The heat exchangers are here embodied as separate or mutually separate heat exchangers. In the case of the same loudness as compared to an axial fan, the radial fan is preferably designed for a higher air output.
The heat exchangers are, for example, each designed as a cooler network or cooling module, i.e. a cooler, through which the coolant flows. The heat exchangers are for example connected to a common coolant circuit of the cooling device. This means that the heat exchangers are arranged in particular spatially separated from one another, but can be coupled to one another in terms of coolant technology. The heat exchangers are arranged in particular next to one another behind the inlet on the front side of the vehicle.
The heat exchanger has a front side and a rear side with respect to the direction of travel (X) of the motor vehicle, i.e. with respect to the main direction of movement of the vehicle. The front side of the first heat exchanger is here, for example, directed toward a cooler grille on the front side of the vehicle, wherein the rear side of the heat exchanger is directed toward the respective air guide channel and thus toward the respective cooler fan.
In a suitable installation situation, the cooler fan is arranged in the lower region of the motor vehicle, i.e. close to the ground, whereby the noise in operation is further reduced.
In one suitable configuration, the second air guiding channel is arranged parallel to the first air guiding channel. In other words, the cooling device has two parallel air guiding channels, which are led from the heat exchanger to the cooler fan, respectively. This means that the air flow is guided or can be guided by means of an air guiding channel between the heat exchanger and the respective cooler fan.
In terms of flow technology or flow dynamics, the cooler fans are arranged after the respective heat exchangers. In other words, the respective cooler fan is arranged after the respective cooler or heat exchanger in the air flow direction of the cooling air.
In a suitable embodiment, the respective outlets of the air guiding channels are arranged or oriented diametrically opposite, i.e. opposite each other. In other words, the blowing directions of the two cooler fans are preferably oriented exactly opposite to each other. Thereby reducing recirculation between the air guiding channels of the outside air guiding portion. In particular, the outlet of the first air guide channel is oriented towards the vehicle front windshield, while the outlet of the second air guide channel is oriented towards the vehicle underside. Thereby ensuring the smallest possible recirculation of the heated exhaust gases.
In an additional or further aspect of the invention, it is provided that the axial fan and the second heat exchanger have a larger cross section than the radial fan and the first heat exchanger. The heat exchangers therefore preferably have different cross sections. The (second) heat exchanger with the larger cross section is guided here to a cooler fan designed as an axial fan or an axial fan, wherein the (first) heat exchanger with the smaller cross section is guided to a cooler fan designed as a radial fan or a radial fan.
The second air guide channel with the axial fan and the (second) heat exchanger, which have a relatively large cross section, has a low pressure loss in this case and is used mainly for cooling by means of the oncoming wind during driving. The first air guiding channel with the radial fan and the (first) heat exchanger having a relatively small cross section has a relatively high pressure loss (relative to the second air guiding channel) and is preferably used for cooling of the motor vehicle during the (ultra) fast charging process.
Preferably, each air guide channel is provided with at least one actively controllable opening or flap or shutter and/or a further air channel.
This results in a particularly suitable cooling device for an electrically driven or motor-driven or electrically drivable or motor-driven motor vehicle. In particular, different flow paths for the guided air flow can be realized by different air guides, so that an optimal cooling according to the operating conditions of the motor vehicle is achieved.
Drawings
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Wherein:
fig. 1 shows in a schematic illustration a cooling device of a motor vehicle with a dual-flow outside air guide;
FIG. 2 shows an external air guide in perspective view;
fig. 3a to 3c show the arrangement of the cooling device in a motor vehicle at different perspectives;
fig. 4 shows an outside air guide in a second embodiment in a top view;
Fig. 5 shows an outside air guide with the flow course of outside air in a schematic plan view; and
Fig. 6 shows an outside air guide with the flow course of outside air in a schematic front view.
Corresponding parts and amounts have always been given the same reference numerals throughout the drawings.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a schematic and simplified illustration of a cooling device 2 of a motor vehicle 4 (fig. 3a to 3 c). The motor vehicle 4 is in particular an electrically driven or drivable motor vehicle, for example an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, and has an electric motor traction drive 6 and a (high voltage) battery 8. The cooling device 2 is used here for vehicle temperature control, i.e. for temperature control of at least one passenger compartment or vehicle interior 10 of the motor vehicle 4.
The cooling device 2 has an outside air guide 12 and a circulation circuit system 14 coupled thereto. The recirculation loop system 14 includes a primary recirculation loop 16 and a secondary recirculation loop system 18 coupled thereto.
The main circuit 16 is designed as a refrigerant circuit for a refrigerant, in particular a natural refrigerant such as propane. To this end, the main circuit 16 has an electronic expansion valve 20 and an electric refrigerant compressor 22, as well as two heat exchangers 24, 26. The refrigerant compressor 22 is designed, for example, as a scroll compressor, and preferably has a cooling jacket 28 coupled with the secondary circulation loop system 18.
The refrigerant, in particular gaseous refrigerant, is compressed (extruded) by a refrigerant compressor 22, wherein a subsequent (high temperature) heat exchanger 24 operates as a condenser or liquefier such that the refrigerant releases heat. As a result of the pressure change, the refrigerant, particularly the liquid refrigerant, is then expanded through the expansion valve 20. In a subsequent (low temperature) heat exchanger 26, which serves as a cooler or evaporator, the refrigerant evaporates at low temperature to absorb heat.
The heat exchangers 24, 26 form an interface with the secondary circuit system 16, which is designed as a coolant circuit. The coolant of the secondary circulation loop system 16 is, for example, water and/or glycol. The coolant line of the heat exchanger 24 is led to two heat exchangers 30, 32 of the outside air guide 12, which are designed as outside heat exchangers. Coolant is directed from the heat exchangers 30, 32 to an electronic flow regulating mixing valve 34.
The secondary circulation loop system 18 has two coolant circulation loops 18a, 18b, one a high or medium temperature circulation loop 18a coupled to a heat exchanger 24 and one a low temperature circulation loop 18b coupled to a heat exchanger 26. Correspondingly, the secondary circulation loop system 18 has two inflow sections 36, 38 and two return sections 40, 42. The inflow portion 36 is a high-temperature or medium-temperature inflow portion, and the return portion 40 is a high-temperature or medium-temperature return portion associated with the coolant circulation circuit 18 a. The inflow portion 38 is correspondingly a low-temperature inflow portion, wherein the return portion 42 forms a low-temperature return portion of the coolant circulation circuit 18b. For this purpose, two coolant pumps 44, 46 are provided. The coolant pump 44 is configured as an electrical high-temperature or medium-temperature coolant pump that delivers coolant from the return 40 to the heat exchanger 24. The coolant pump 46 is correspondingly designed as an electric low-temperature coolant pump, which conveys coolant from the return 42 in the direction of the heat exchanger 26.
Devices or components of the motor vehicle 4 to be temperature-controlled are connected to the secondary circuit system 18 or to the inflow and return sections 36, 38, 40, 42. In addition to the traction drive 6 and the battery 8, in this exemplary embodiment, the coolant heat accumulator 48 is connected to the coolant circuit as a thermal battery, a cooling heat exchanger 50, and a heating heat exchanger 52 and a surface temperature control element 54 for temperature control of the vehicle interior 10.
The traction drive 6 has, for example, a braking resistor, an inverter (converter) and a charging device. The coolant heat accumulator 48, the battery 8 and the surface temperature control element 54, respectively, preferably have a high-quality thermal insulation in this case. The heat exchangers 50, 52 are preferably part of an air conditioning system, not shown in detail, of the motor vehicle 4 and are coupled to a heating or air conditioning fan 56.
To couple the components 6, 8, 48, 50, 52 to the incoming and return portions 36, 38, 40, 42 of the secondary circulation loop system 18, switching valves 58, particularly electrical double two-position three-way switching valves, are provided, respectively. The heating heat exchanger 52 is directly coupled to the inflow and return sections 36, 40. Electronic flow control valves 60 are provided between the components 6, 8, 48, 50, 52 and the switching valve outlets directed to the return sections 40, 42, respectively, and on the outlet of the heating heat exchanger 52. The switching valve 58 and the flow regulating valve 60 are provided with reference numerals in the figures as examples only.
The coolant circuit of the battery 8 is coupled to the cooling jacket 28 of the refrigerant compressor 22 through an electronic flow regulating and mixing valve 62. An electric coolant mixing pump 64 is arranged between the coolant lines leading to the heat exchanger 26, by means of which coolant can be fed in particular to the battery 8 in order to improve the cooling capacity, for example in a charging operation or a rapid charging operation. This therefore results in particular in a partial circulation circuit for battery temperature control when the coolant mixing pump 64 is in operation. An electronic flow regulating valve 66 is provided between the inflow portion 36 and the return portion 40.
The coolant supply and removal lines of the heat exchanger 24 are connected or can be connected via a controllable bypass line 67, which is arranged between the flow control mixing valve 34 and the outlet of the coolant pump 44.
The outside air guide 12 has two parallel air guide passages 68, 70 which are led from the inlets 68a, 70a to the outlets 68b, 70b, respectively. The inlets 68a, 70a, respectively, can be released as desired by actively controllable louvers 72. The heat exchanger 32 and the axial flow fan 74 arranged therebehind are arranged in the air guide passage 68. The air guide channel 70 has a heat exchanger 30 and a radial fan 76 arranged downstream thereof.
As can be seen in particular in fig. 2 and 3a to 3c, the outside air guide 12 is arranged in the installation space 78 on the front side of the vehicle, in particular in the region of the engine hood. The secondary circuit system 18 is designed here, for example, as a secondary circuit compact module, the compact module and the coolant heat accumulator 48 preferably being compatible with the installation space 78 in terms of installation space. Two parallel, fully defined air guide channels 68, 70 are formed by the outside air guide 12, which have inlets 68a, 70a in the front end and have, on the underside of the vehicle and in front of the windscreen, distally spaced-apart outlets 68b, 70b with diametrically opposed blow-out directions 80, 82 for the recirculation of the heated exhaust gases as little as possible.
The air guide passage 68 has an axial flow fan 74 and a heat exchanger 32, wherein the heat exchanger 32 has a relatively large cross section and a relatively small pressure loss and is provided mainly for cooling with the oncoming wind while traveling. In particular, the oncoming wind is used here by an axial fan 74 for cooling the traction drive 6. For this purpose, a relatively large, flat heat exchanger network with low pressure losses is provided. The axial flow fan 74 suitably has a relatively large volumetric flow and a low pressure differential.
The air guide channel 70 has a radial fan 76 and a heat exchanger 30, wherein the heat exchanger 30 has a relatively small cross section and a relatively high pressure loss and is provided mainly for cooling stationary vehicles during ultra-fast/fast charging of the battery 8. For this purpose, a relatively small, deep heat exchanger network with high pressure losses is provided. The radial fan 76 suitably has a large volumetric flow and a large pressure differential. The radial fan 76 is preferably designed for a higher air output at the same loudness as compared to the axial fan 74.
The spatial separation of the heated cooling air and the fresh air supply for the vehicle interior 10 is achieved by the dual-channel or dual-flow external air guide 12. Furthermore, additional heating of the vehicle interior space 10 due to the intake of hot air when the ambient temperature is high is avoided.
The second embodiment of the outside air guide 12' is explained in more detail below with reference to fig. 4 to 6. The outside air guide 12', in this exemplary embodiment in particular the single-channel or uniflow outside air guide 12', has a completely defined air guide as the air guide channel 84 between the three inlets 86a, 86b, 86c and the outlet 88, wherein the outside air guide 12' preferably has four actively controllable openings or louvers 90a, 90b, 90c, 90d, the air guide channel and one or more heat exchangers 92, 94, 96 integrated as an assembly, which are oriented obliquely as required in the installation space. The air guide channel 84 has a radial fan 76, wherein the guidance of the cooling air from the inlets 86a, 86b, 86c to the outlets 88, i.e. the position of the louvers 90a, 90b, 90c, 90d, is adjusted as a function of the load. The flow or blowing direction of the cooling air or the outside air is schematically illustrated by arrows in fig. 5 and 6.
The inlet 86a is arranged on the front side in the region of the cooler grate and can be closed and opened as required by means of a shutter 90 a. Inlet 86b is oriented toward the windshield or front window of the vehicle and can be closed by louvers 90 b. Inlet 86c is oriented toward the wheel cover and can be closed by louvers 90c, with outlet 88 opening into the opposite wheel cover. For this purpose, a diffuser 98 is provided for the removal of the cooling air. The louver 90d is arranged before the heat exchangers 92, 94, 96, i.e. between the inlets 86a, 86b, 86c and the heat exchangers 92, 94, 96. The heat exchanger 92 is designed as a refrigerant cooler, wherein the heat exchanger 94 is designed as a low-temperature coolant cooler and the heat exchanger 96 is designed as a high-temperature heat cooler.
At low vehicle speeds below 100km/h (kilometers per hour), i.e. when there is insufficient head-on wind for cooling, shutter 90c of inlet 86c is open, shutter 90b of inlet 86b is closed, shutter 90d before heat exchangers 92, 94, 96 and shutter 90a before inlet 86a are open, wherein radial fan 76 is in active operation.
At high vehicle speeds above 100km/h, i.e. when there is sufficient head-on wind for cooling, louvers 90c and 90b are closed, louvers 90a and 90d are open, and radial fan 76 is in passive operation.
When the battery 8 is charged and the motor vehicle 4 is stationary, there is no oncoming wind. Where louver 90a is closed and the remaining louvers 90b, 90c, 90d are open, and radial fan 76 is actively running.
By continuously minimizing the running resistance, the drive power averaged over the running period is reduced by the outside air guide 12'. For this purpose, the air proportion flowing around the vehicle is maximized and only the air volume flow required for forced heat dissipation in the driving situation flows into the subsystem external air guide 12'. For a given air output, a higher heat dissipation capacity is achieved compared to an axial flow fan in that: better utilization of the chiller assemblies 92, 94, 96 is achieved by creating complete (more complete) flow within the radial fan 76.
The improved spatial separation of the inlet and outlet regions also reduces or prevents recirculation of hot air, such that the power requirements required for the air volumetric flow are reduced.
In particular, the outside air guide 12' has the high potential to integrate a larger heat exchanger network 92, 94, 96 due to the retracted position within the upwardly extending "hood" area. Thereby also new constructional degrees of freedom for the front part are created, including better space utilization.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, other variants of the invention can be deduced therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the subject matter of the invention. In particular, all the individual features described in connection with the embodiments can also be combined with one another in other ways without departing from the subject matter of the invention.
List of reference numerals
2. Cooling apparatus
4. Motor vehicle
6. Traction drive
8. Battery cell
10. Vehicle interior space
12. 12' Outside air guide
14. Circulation loop system
16. Main circulation loop
18. Sub-circulation loop system
18A, 18b coolant circulation loop
20. Expansion valve
22. Refrigerant compressor
24. 26 Heat exchanger
28. Cooling jacket
30. 32 Heat exchanger
34. Flow regulating mixing valve
36. 38 Incoming flow part
40. 42 Reflux portion
44. 46 Coolant pump
48. Coolant heat accumulator
50. Cooling heat transfer device
52. Heating heat-transfer device
54. Surface temperature control element
56. Air conditioner fan
58. Switching valve
60. Flow regulating valve
62. Flow regulating mixing valve
64. Coolant mixing pump
66. Flow regulating valve
67. Bypass line
68. Air guide channel
68A inlet
68B outlet
70. Air guide channel
70A inlet
70B outlet
72. Shutter window
74. Axial flow fan
76. Radial flow fan
78. Construction space
80. 82 Blowing direction
84. Air guide channel
86A, 86b, 86c inlet
88. An outlet
90A, 90b, 90c, 90d blinds
92. 94, 96 Heat exchanger
98. Diffuser
Claims (3)
1. A cooling device (2) for a motor vehicle (4) has an external air guide (12) with two parallel air guide channels (68, 70) which each have an inlet (68 a, 70 a) on the front side of the vehicle, a heat exchanger (32, 30), a cooler fan (74, 76) and an outlet (68 b, 70 b) oriented transversely to the respective inlet (68 a, 70 a),
Wherein the cooler fans (74, 76) are arranged flow-technically after the respective heat exchanger (30, 32),
Wherein the cooler fan (76) of the first air guide channel (70) is embodied as a radial fan and the cooler fan (74) of the second air guide channel (68) is embodied as an axial fan,
-Wherein the outlet (70 b) of the first air guiding channel (70) is oriented towards the vehicle windscreen and the outlet (68 b) of the second air guiding channel (68) is oriented towards the vehicle underside, and
-Wherein the outlets (68 b, 70 b) have diametrically opposed blowing directions (80, 82).
2. The cooling device (2) according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
The outside air guide (12) has at least three controllable louvers (90 a, 90b, 90c, 90 d).
3. The cooling device (2) according to claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
The second heat exchanger (32) of the axial fan (74) and the second air guiding channel (68) has a larger cross section than the first heat exchanger (30) of the radial fan (76) and the first air guiding channel (70).
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019213673.7 | 2019-09-09 | ||
| DE102019213673 | 2019-09-09 | ||
| DE102019219195 | 2019-12-09 | ||
| DE102019219197 | 2019-12-09 | ||
| DE102019219197.5 | 2019-12-09 | ||
| DE102019219195.9 | 2019-12-09 | ||
| PCT/EP2020/075048 WO2021048109A1 (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2020-09-08 | Cooling device for a motor vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114502403A CN114502403A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114502403B true CN114502403B (en) | 2024-11-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080063463.6A Active CN114502403B (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2020-09-08 | Cooling device for a motor vehicle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114502403B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021048109A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022119067A1 (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | Man Truck & Bus Se | Commercial vehicle with traction battery and cooling module for cooling the traction battery |
| DE102022119068A1 (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | Man Truck & Bus Se | Motor vehicle with traction battery, charging cooling module and driving cooling module for cooling the traction battery |
| DE102022119066A1 (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | Man Truck & Bus Se | Cooling module for cooling a traction battery |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2722089A1 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-11-30 | Steyr Daimler Puch Ag | Cooling air system for vehicle with encased water cooled engine - has casing forward extension with opening for radiator fan air |
| US6192838B1 (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2001-02-27 | Denso Corporation | Engine cooling apparatus |
| DE202011050523U1 (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-10-17 | Dr. Schneider Kunststoffwerke Gmbh | Combined actuator for closing and opening horizontal and vertical louvers in air flow openings |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR840037A (en) * | 1937-12-20 | 1939-04-18 | Chausson Usines Sa | Improved device for cooling the engines of motor vehicles and flying machines and machines fitted with such a device |
| DE2941093C2 (en) * | 1979-10-10 | 1983-10-06 | Sueddeutsche Kuehlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr Gmbh & Co Kg, 7000 Stuttgart | Crane vehicle, in particular a truck with a cooling system for an internal combustion engine |
| JPH05301528A (en) * | 1992-04-25 | 1993-11-16 | Mazda Motor Corp | Ventilating device for automobile engine room |
| JP4179088B2 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2008-11-12 | 株式会社デンソー | Vehicle cooling system |
| DE102013006499A1 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-16 | Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg | shroud |
| DE102018104410A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-08-29 | Hanon Systems | Air conditioning system of a motor vehicle and method for operating the air conditioning system |
| DE102018104831A1 (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-05 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Fan arrangement for a motor vehicle |
-
2020
- 2020-09-08 CN CN202080063463.6A patent/CN114502403B/en active Active
- 2020-09-08 WO PCT/EP2020/075048 patent/WO2021048109A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2722089A1 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-11-30 | Steyr Daimler Puch Ag | Cooling air system for vehicle with encased water cooled engine - has casing forward extension with opening for radiator fan air |
| US6192838B1 (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2001-02-27 | Denso Corporation | Engine cooling apparatus |
| DE202011050523U1 (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-10-17 | Dr. Schneider Kunststoffwerke Gmbh | Combined actuator for closing and opening horizontal and vertical louvers in air flow openings |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021048109A1 (en) | 2021-03-18 |
| CN114502403A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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