CN114195912A - 一种线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- cyclodextrin
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- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical class C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical class O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940052761 dopaminergic adamantane derivative Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012967 coordination catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 127
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 23
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 52
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 40
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 37
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 32
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 24
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 20
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 16
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 14
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 13
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- -1 1, 4-disubstituted triazole Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- GGHDAUPFEBTORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCC(N)N GGHDAUPFEBTORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethynylbenzene Chemical group C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical group [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007821 HATU Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 6
- JOMZSYXWYOVFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-azidoadamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(N=[N+]=[N-])C3 JOMZSYXWYOVFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JIMXXGFJRDUSRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(C(=O)O)C3 JIMXXGFJRDUSRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZHOBJWVNWMQMLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(prop-2-ynyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine Chemical compound C#CCN(CC#C)CC#C ZHOBJWVNWMQMLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YORCIIVHUBAYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propargyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC#C YORCIIVHUBAYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- VQNDBXJTIJKJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=NNN=C21 VQNDBXJTIJKJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UDLLFLQFQMACJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azidomethylbenzene Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NCC1=CC=CC=C1 UDLLFLQFQMACJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960003805 amantadine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DKNWSYNQZKUICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N amantadine Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(N)C3 DKNWSYNQZKUICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical group O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004005 formimidoyl group Chemical group [H]\N=C(/[H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- JKANAVGODYYCQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-yn-1-amine Chemical compound NCC#C JKANAVGODYYCQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- SEDZOYHHAIAQIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl azide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N=[N+]=[N-] SEDZOYHHAIAQIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQHPRVYDKRESCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromoadamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(Br)C3 VQHPRVYDKRESCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JPLLTMOTIJFHHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromen-2-one;2h-triazole Chemical class C1=CNN=N1.C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 JPLLTMOTIJFHHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940097362 cyclodextrins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- LQPLDXQVILYOOL-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;2-[bis[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(=O)[O-])CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O LQPLDXQVILYOOL-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002677 supramolecular polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0009—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Glucans, e.g. polydextrose, alternan, glycogen; (alpha-1,4)(alpha-1,6)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)(alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. isolichenan or nigeran; (alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. pseudonigeran; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0012—Cyclodextrin [CD], e.g. cycle with 6 units (alpha), with 7 units (beta) and with 8 units (gamma), large-ring cyclodextrin or cycloamylose with 9 units or more; Derivatives thereof
-
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
- B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法与应用,属于催化技术领域。本发明将1种或多种环糊精衍生物溶解于溶剂中形成环糊精衍生物溶液;将1种或多种金刚烷衍生物加入到环糊精衍生物溶液中,在温度为20~60℃、避光下搅拌反应6h~7d,过滤后除去不溶物,在温度为40~60℃下减压浓缩,干燥,即得线型或笼状超分子自组装配体。以环糊精衍生物为合成超分子主体,金刚烷衍生物为合成超分子客体,通过超分子的主客体相互作用得到的线型和笼状超分子自组装体,结构中的酰胺和三唑环上具有富电氮原子,可与金属稳定配位,可稳固和分散纳米金属;环糊精分子具有良好的水溶性,分子识别作用以及生物相容性,可作为配体高效催化CuAAC反应。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法于应用,属于催化技术领域。
背景技术
现有技术中CuAAC反应,以选择性合成1,4-二取代三氮唑在工业生产聚合物材料、大分子的合成、纳米材料的设计、药物合成等领域应用广泛。开发出一种高效的、经济的、方便的、环境友好的配体来加速CuAAC反应迫在眉睫。
现有技术中催化CuAAC反应的配体,以CuSO4(1.0mol%)和NaAsc(4.0mol%)催化CuAAC反应,但由于产物产率低下和载铜量较高(环境不友好)等局限性。TBTA(N,N,N—3-三氮唑苄基三取代胺)作为配体大大提高其产率(84%),但CuSO4(1.0mol%)和NaAsc(4.0mol%)催化剂的量仍然很高。利用聚合物来降低载铜量的研究中,利用TBTA修饰的亲水聚乙二醇聚合物(100ppm)和CuSO4(100ppm),NaAsc(400ppm)作为催化剂高效催化CuAAC反应,且各种底物耐受性良好,但该方法仍然很难实现生物体内的反应。TBTA修饰的单链纳米粒子(5ppm)和CuSO4(5ppm),NaAsc(15ppm)作为催化剂在体内反应,但该技术合成较为困难步骤繁杂。
发明内容
本发明针对现有催化CuAAC反应的载铜量高,环境不友好,制作工艺复杂的配体,提供一种线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法及应用,以环糊精衍生物为合成超分子主体,金刚烷衍生物为合成超分子客体,通过超分子的主客体相互作用得到的线型或笼状超分子自组装体,结构中的酰胺和三唑环上具有富电氮原子,可与金属稳定配位,可稳固和分散纳米金属;环糊精分子具有良好的水溶性,分子识别作用以及生物相容性,可作为配体高效催化CuAAC反应。
一种线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将1种或多种环糊精衍生物溶解于溶剂中形成环糊精衍生物溶液;
(2)将1种或多种金刚烷衍生物加入到环糊精衍生物溶液中,在温度为20~60℃、避光下搅拌反应6h~7d,过滤后除去不溶物,在温度为40~60℃下减压浓缩,干燥,即得线型或笼状超分子自组装配体。
所述步骤(1)环糊精衍生物的结构式为
所述环糊精衍生物(桥联环糊精)根据文献(M.K.Grachev,I.V.Terekhova,D.A.Shipilov,N.V.Kutyasheva,E.Y.Emelianova,Russian Journal of BioorganicChemistry 2020,46,14-31.)合成;
所述步骤(2)金刚烷衍生物的结构式为
所述金刚烷衍生物(桥联金刚烷)根据文献(E.Busseron,J.Lux,M.Degardin,J.Rebek,Jr.,Chem Commun(Camb)2013,49,4842-4844.)合成;
所述步骤(2)环糊精衍生物与金刚烷衍生物的摩尔比为1:3~6。
所述减压浓缩为旋蒸干燥,干燥温度为40~60℃。
所述线型或笼状超分子自组装配体,结构式为以下10种中的任意一种:
线型或笼状超分子自组装配体作为配体在制备金属配位催化剂中的应用:
金属配位催化剂的结构式为以下10种中的任意一种:
所述金属配位催化剂用于催化CuAAC反应:以环糊精衍生物为合成超分子主体,金刚烷衍生物为合成超分子客体,通过超分子的主客体相互作用得到的线型或笼状超分子自组装体,结构中的酰胺和三唑环上具有富电氮原子,可与金属稳定配位,可稳固和分散纳米金属,作为配体高效催化CuAAC反应。
本发明可通过酰胺缩合的方法制备桥联环糊精和桥联金刚烷,通过包合得到线型二酰胺超分子聚合物;同时利用点击化学的方法将环糊精和胺类炔分子结合,得到爪型1,4-三氮唑多连环糊精分子,当多个三氮唑环枝接环糊精的胺类分子时,其结构呈爪形状;线型和爪形结构框架下,与金属离子配位或稳固纳米金属,起到金属配位或稳固及有效分散纳米金属作用;该结构结合多连环糊精的分子识别作用,与空腔匹配的适宜的客体分子形成纳米包合物,尺寸大小适宜(小于10nm),可作为超分子体催化剂。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明线型或笼状超分子自组装配体中,其爪型1,4-三氮唑包合物分子具有多个环糊精分子识别单元,可以通过分子识别形成自组装体;爪型1,4-三氮唑多连化合物的三氮唑环和中心氮原子构成爪型结构,且唑环上具有富电氮原子,使其可与金属稳定配位,可稳固和分散纳米金属;爪型1,4-三氮唑多连环糊精分子具有良好的水溶性,分子识别作用以及生物相容性;
(2)本发明线型或笼状超分子自组装配体,其包合物分子包括酰胺和三氮唑环的中心氮原子构成的线型和爪型结构,酰胺和唑环上具有富电氮原子,可与金属稳定配位,也可稳固及有效分散纳米金属,形成线性或爪型多连环糊精自组装纳米金属催化剂,该催化剂的活性高、稳定性好,可回收利用,不对环境产生污染;
(3)本发明线型或笼状超分子自组装配体在温和的温度下催化,且催化产物产率和转化率高;
(4)本发明线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的稳定性好,安全性高,可有效克服在生产过程的不稳定性和易挥发性。
附图说明
图1为实施例5中丙二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的线型包合物的核磁氢谱;
图2为实施例12中丁二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的线型包合物的核磁氢谱;
图3为实施例13中顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的线型包合物的核磁氢谱;
图4为实施例14中顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷的线型包合物的核磁氢谱;
图5为实施例15中爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与爪形三氮唑环枝连环金刚烷三取代胺的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱;
图6为实施例16中爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与丙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱;
图7为实施例17中爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与乙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱;
图8为实施例18中爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与顺式丁烯二酸环糊精和丙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱;
图9为实施例19中顺式丁烯二酸环糊精和乙二胺桥连环金刚烷和爪形三氮唑环枝连环金刚烷三取代胺的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱;
图10为实施例20中爪形四氮唑环枝连环环糊精四取代胺和丁二酸桥连环糊精和顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱;
图11为实施例29中顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷的线性包合物的扫描电镜图;
图12为实施例18中形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与顺式丁烯二酸环糊精和丙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状包合物的透射电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。
实施例1:单-6-氨基环糊精环糊精的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)在温度为80~90℃条件下,将单-6-对甲基苯磺酰基环糊精和叠氮化钠加入到反应容器中反应12h得到反应液A,反应液A逐滴滴加至丙酮溶液中得到固体B,用丙酮溶液洗涤固体B得到单-6-叠氮基环糊精;其中单-6-对甲基苯磺酰基环糊精和叠氮化钠的摩尔比为1:1.5;
(2)将步骤(1)所得单-6-叠氮基环糊精和三苯基磷加入到反应容器中在常温条件下反应4h,然后在氮气氛围下加入浓度25%的氨水搅拌18h得到反应液B,除去反应液B中的滤渣,滤液C加入丙酮得到固体D,洗涤得到单-6-氨基环糊精;其中单-6-叠氮基环糊精和三苯基磷的摩尔比为1:1.5;
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,Deuterium Oxide)δ4.96(s,7H,H1),3.75(d,J=50.1Hz,21H,H3,5,6),3.48-3.41(d,J=36.1Hz 14H,H2,4).
实施例2:丙二酸桥联环糊精的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
将丙二酸加入到干燥的DMF中,再加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA),2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N’,N-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)下常温搅拌24h,再加入单-6-氨基环糊精,再搅拌48h得到反应液A,反应液A逐滴滴加至丙酮溶液中,抽滤得到固体B,再用MW(2000)透析袋透析12h,得到丙二酸桥联环糊精固体;其中丙二酸、6-氨基环糊精、DIPEA、HATU的摩尔比为1:2.2:9:4,所用粗产物与丙酮固液比g:mL为1:100;产率:63%;
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,Deuterium Oxide)δ4.96(s,14H,H1),3.75(d,J=50.1Hz,44H,H3,5,6),3.48-3.41(d,J=36.1Hz 28H,H2,4),1.16(s,2H,CO-CH2-CO).
实施例3:丁二酸桥联环糊精的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
将丁二酸加入到干燥的DMF中,再加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA),2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N’,N-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)下常温搅拌24h,再加入单-6-氨基环糊精,继续搅拌反应48h得到反应液A,反应液A逐滴滴加至丙酮溶液中,抽滤得到固体B,再用MW(2000)透析袋透析12h,得到丁二酸桥联环糊精;其中丁二酸、单-6-氨基环糊精、HATU、DIPEA的摩尔比为1:2.2:9:4,所用粗产物与丙酮g:mL为1:100;产率:73%;
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,Deuterium Oxide)δ4.99(s,14H,H1),3.89-3.74(d,J=50.0Hz,46H,H3,5,6),3.54(d,J=38.5Hz,23H,H2,4),2.39(d,J=15.8Hz,4H,CO-CH2-CH2-CO).
实施例4:顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
顺式丁烯二酸加入到干燥的DMF中,再加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA),2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N’,N-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)下常温搅拌24h,再加入单-6-氨基环糊精,继续搅拌48h得到反应液A,反应液A逐滴滴加至丙酮溶液中得到固体B,再用MW(2000)透析袋透析12h,得到顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精固体C;其中顺式丁烯二酸、单-6-氨基环糊精、DIPEA、HATU的摩尔比为1:2.2:9:4,所用粗产物与丙酮固液比g:mL为1:100;产率:73%。
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,Deuterium Oxide)δ8.24(s,2H,CO-CH=CH-CO),4.87(s,14H,H1),3.72(d,J=52.0Hz,58H,H3,5,6),3.40(s,31H,H2,4).
实施例5:乙二胺桥联金刚烷的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)在温度80℃条件下,将金刚烷甲酸和二氯亚砜加入到反应容器中反应2h得到反应液A,反应液A在温度为60℃下旋蒸并将多余的二氯亚砜去除,旋蒸得到无定形固体B即1-酰氯金刚烷,产率:95%;1-酰氯金刚烷的结构式为
其中金刚烷甲酸和二氯亚砜的摩尔比为1:5;
(2)在温度0℃条件下将步骤(1)所得1-酰氯金刚烷和三乙胺加入到干燥的四氢呋喃溶液中,然后快速加入乙二胺,在氮气氛围常温条件下反应17h得到反应液C,萃取,旋转蒸发浓缩得到固体D,经柱层析分离纯化,分离得到乙二胺桥联金刚烷;其中1-酰氯金刚烷、三乙胺和乙二胺的摩尔比为2.2:3:1,柱层析分离纯化采用乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合物,乙酸乙酯和石油醚的体积比为2:1,产率:73%;
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ6.41(s,2H,NH),3.38(s,4H,CH2N),2.04(s,6H,Hb-ADA),1.82(s,12H,Hc-ADA),1.75-1.65(m,12H,Hc-ADA).
实施例6:丙二胺桥联金刚烷的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)在温度80℃条件下,将金刚烷甲酸和二氯亚砜加入到反应容器中反应2h得到反应液A,反应液A在60℃下旋蒸并将多余的二氯亚砜去除,旋蒸得到无定形固体B得到1-酰氯金刚烷,产率:95%;1-酰氯金刚烷的结构式为
其中金刚烷甲酸和二氯亚砜的摩尔比为1:5;
(2)在温度0℃条件下将步骤(1)所得1-酰氯金刚烷和三乙胺加入到干燥的四氢呋喃溶液中,然后快速加入丙二胺反应1h;在常温下氮气氛围反应17h得到反应液C,萃取,旋转蒸发浓缩得到固体D,经柱层析分离纯化,分离得到丙二胺桥联金刚烷;其中1-酰氯金刚烷、三乙胺和丙二胺的摩尔比为2.2:3:1,柱层析分离的洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合物,乙酸乙酯和石油醚的体积比为2:1,产率:89%;
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ6.41(s,2H,NH),3.38(s,4H,CH2N),2.04(s,6H,Hb-ADA),1.82(s,12H,Hc-ADA),1.75-1.65(m,12H,Hc-ADA),δ1.31(s,2H,CH2).
实施例7:顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)在温度40℃下,将顺式丁烯二酸和二氯亚砜加入到反应容器中反应12h得到反应液A,反应液A在温度60℃下旋蒸并将多余的二氯亚砜去除,旋蒸得到无定形固体B即顺式烯烃二酰氯,产率:95%;顺式丁烯二酰氯的结构式为
(2)在温度0℃条件下将步骤(1)所得顺式丁烯二酰氯和三乙胺加入到干燥的二氯甲烷和甲醇溶液中,然后快速加入金刚烷胺,在氮气氛围常温下反应17h得到反应液C,萃取,旋转蒸发浓缩得到固体D,经柱层析分离纯化,分离得到顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷;其中顺式丁烯二酰氯、三乙胺和金刚烷胺的摩尔比为1:3:2.2,柱层析分离的洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合物,乙酸乙酯和石油醚的体积比为2:1;产率:60%;
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.17(s,2H,NH),6.88(d,J=12.6Hz,1H,CO-CH-),6.68(d,J=12.6Hz 1H,CO-CH-),2.97(s,8H,Hb-ADA),2.44(d,J=3.0Hz,11H HC-ADA),2.09(s,11H,HC-ADA).C24H34N2O2:ESI-HRMS:m/z=(405.2916)[M+Na]+.
实施例8:爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)三炔丙基胺的合成:将炔丙基溴和氨水溶液加入到反应器中反应48h,经柱层析分离纯化,分离得到三炔丙基胺,三炔丙基胺的结构式为
其中炔丙基溴、氨水溶液中N元素的摩尔比为1:3,氨水溶液的浓度为25%,柱层析分离的洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合物,乙酸乙酯和石油醚的体积比为1:20;
(2)利用实施例1中合成单-6-叠氮基环糊精的方法合成单-6-叠氮基环糊精,单-6-叠氮基环糊精的结构式为:
(3)将所得单-6-叠氮基环糊精和步骤(1)所得三炔丙基胺加入到反应容器中,然后依次加入抗坏血酸钠、硫酸铜、二甲基亚砜和水,在氮气氛围下反应48h得到反应液B,在反应液B中加入水B得到混合溶液,混合溶液逐滴滴加到丙酮中得到固体B,洗涤得到爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺分子;其中单-6-叠氮基环糊精和三炔丙基胺中的炔丙基个数的摩尔比为1.5:1,单-6-叠氮基环糊精、抗坏血酸钠、硫酸铜的摩尔比为1:0.12:0.12,单-6-叠氮基环糊精与二甲基亚砜、水A的固液比g:mL:mL为1:2.2:2.8;
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)7.94(s,3H),5.08-4.90(m,21H,H1),3.83-3.44(m,≥138H,H2,4,3,5,6).
实施例9:爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精四取代胺的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)四炔丙基乙二胺的合成:将炔丙基溴和乙二胺溶液加入到反应器中常温反应4h,经柱层析分离纯化,分离得到四炔丙基乙二胺,四炔丙基乙二胺的结构式为:
其中炔丙基溴、乙二胺溶液中N元素的摩尔比为1:4,氨水溶液的浓度为25%,柱层析分离的洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合物,乙酸乙酯和石油醚的体积比为1:6;
(2)利用实施例1中合成单-6-叠氮基环糊精的方法合成单-6-叠氮基环糊精,单-6-叠氮基环糊精的结构式为:
(3)将所得单-6-叠氮基环糊精和步骤(1)所得四炔丙基乙二胺加入到反应容器中,然后依次加入抗坏血酸钠、硫酸铜、二甲基亚砜和水,在氮气氛围下反应48h得到反应液B,在反应液B中加入水B得到混合溶液,混合溶液逐滴滴加到丙酮中得到固体B,洗涤得到爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精四取代胺分子;其中单-6-叠氮基环糊精和四炔丙基乙二胺中的炔丙基个数的摩尔比为1.5:1,单-6-叠氮基环糊精、抗坏血酸钠、硫酸铜的摩尔比为1:0.0.36:0.12,单-6-叠氮基环糊精与二甲基亚砜、水A的固液比g:mL:mL为1:2.2:2.8;
反应式为:
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)7.94(s,4H),5.08-4.90(m,28H,H1),3.83-3.44(m,≥160H,H2,4,3,5,6).
实施例10:爪形三氮唑环枝连金刚烷三取代胺的合成,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)1-叠氮金刚烷的合成:将1-溴金刚烷溶解于干燥的二氯甲烷中,在冰水浴条件下加入叠氮基三甲基硅烷,之后在氮气氛围保护条件下滴加无水四氯化锡并反应16h,经柱层析分离纯化,分离得到1-叠氮金刚烷的结构式为
其中1-溴金刚烷、叠氮基三甲基硅烷、无水四氯化锡的摩尔比为1:1.1:1,柱层析分离的洗脱剂为石油醚.
(2)将步骤(1)所得1-叠氮金刚烷和实例8所得三炔丙基胺加入到反应容器中,然后依次加入抗坏血酸钠、一水醋酸铜、二氯甲烷、甲醇,在氮气氛围、温度50℃下反应48h得到反应液A,在反应液A中加入二乙烯三胺五乙酸五钠得到混合溶液B,混合溶液经过萃取得到萃取液C,经柱层析分离纯化,分离得到反应式为爪形三氮唑环枝连金刚烷三取代胺;其中1-叠氮基金刚烷和三炔丙基胺中的炔丙基个数的摩尔比为1.5:1,1-叠氮基金刚烷、抗坏血酸钠、硫酸铜的摩尔比为1:280:14,1-叠氮基金刚烷与二氯甲烷、甲醇的固液比g:mL:mL为1:2.2:2.8,柱层析分离的洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合物,乙酸乙酯和石油醚的体积比为2:1;产率:85%;
反应式为
氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.89(s,2.44H),3.72(s,6H),2.19(s,28H),1.71(d,J=13.4Hz,20H).
实施例11:将1mmol实施例2所得丙二酸桥联环糊精溶于25mL蒸馏水中,在温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将3mmol实施例5所得乙二胺桥联金刚烷加入到丙二酸桥联环糊精溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌72h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得丙二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的包合物,产率为96%;
反应式为
丙二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的线性包合物的核磁氢谱见图1,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)5.08-4.90(m,H,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例12:将1mmol实施例3所得丁二酸桥联环糊精溶于25mL蒸馏水中,在温度为25℃下搅拌至溶解,将3mmol乙二胺桥联金刚烷加入到丁二酸桥联环糊精溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌72h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得丁二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的包合物,产率为95%;
反应式为
丁二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的线性包合物的核磁氢谱见图2,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)5.08-4.90(m,H,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例13:将1mmol实施例4所得顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将3mmol实施例5所得乙二胺桥联金刚烷加入到顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌72h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的包合物,产率为94%;
反应式为
顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的线性包合物的核磁氢谱见图3,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例14:将1mmol实施例4所得顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将3mmol实施例7所得顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷加入到顺式丁烯二酸酸桥联环糊精溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌72h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷的包合物,产率为96%;
反应式为
顺式二酸桥联环糊精与顺式二酸桥联金刚烷的线性包合物的核磁氢谱见图4,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)6.3(s,H,CH=CH)5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例15:将1mmol实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将4.5mmol实施例10所得爪形三氮唑环枝连金刚烷三取代胺加入到爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌72h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与爪形三氮唑环枝连金刚烷三取代胺的包合物,产率为91%;
反应式为
爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与爪形三氮唑环枝连环金刚烷三取代胺的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱见图5,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)8.0-7.9(s,),5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例16:将1mmol实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将4.5mmol实施例6所得丙二胺桥联金刚烷加入到爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌72h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与丙二胺桥联金刚烷的包合物,产率为90%;
反应式为
爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与丙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱见图6,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)8.0-7.9(s,),5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例17:将1mmol实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将4.5mmol实施例5所得乙二胺桥联金刚烷加入到爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌72h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与乙二胺桥联金刚烷的包合物,产率为90%;
反应式为
爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与乙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱见图7,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)8.0-7.9(s,),5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例18:将1mmol实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将4.5mmol实施例5所得丙二胺桥联金刚烷加入到爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌24h后,再加入3mmol实施例4所得顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精无光搅拌48h,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精和丙二胺桥联金刚烷的包合物,产率为90%;
反应式为
爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与顺式丁烯二酸环糊精和丙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱见图8,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)8.0-7.9(s,),5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例19:将1mmol实施例4所得顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将4.5mmol实施例10所得爪形三氮唑环枝连金刚烷三取代胺加入顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌24h,再加入3mmol乙二胺金刚烷无光搅拌48h后;再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得爪形三氮唑环枝连环金刚烷三取代胺、乙二胺桥联金刚烷和顺式丁烯二酸环糊精的包合物,产率为89%;
反应式为
顺式丁烯二酸环糊精和乙二胺桥连环金刚烷和爪形三氮唑环枝连环金刚烷三取代胺的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱见图9,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)8.0-7.9(s,),5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例20:将1mmol实施例9所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精四取代胺溶于25mL蒸馏水中,温度25℃下搅拌至溶解,将4.5mmol顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷加入爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精四取代胺溶液中,在温度25℃条件下无光搅拌24h,再加入3mmol实施例3所得丁二酸桥联环糊精无光搅拌48h后,再置于温度40℃下旋蒸干燥;真空干燥制得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精四取代胺,顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷,丁二酸桥联环糊精的包合物,产率为89%;
反应式为
爪形四氮唑环枝连环环糊精四取代胺和丁二酸桥连环糊精和顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷的笼状包合物的核磁氢谱见图10,氢谱数据为
1H NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ(ppm)8.0-7.9(s,),5.08-4.90(m,H1),3.83-3.44(m,H2,4,3,5,6),2.2-1.6(m,Hb,c-ADA).
实施例21:实施例2-7所得桥联环糊精与桥联金刚烷形成线型超分子自组装体,作为配体与金属配位制备金属催化剂的反应式为:
实施例22:实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与爪形三氮唑环枝连金刚烷三取代胺形成自组装笼状体后,作为配体与金属配位制备金属催化剂的反应式为
实施例23:实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺分子与丙二胺桥联金刚烷分子形成的自组装笼状体后,作为配体与金属配位制备金属催化剂的反应式为:
实施例24:实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺分子与乙二胺桥联金刚烷分子形成自组装笼状体后,作为配体与金属制备金属催化剂的反应式为:
实施例25:实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺分子与乙二胺桥联金刚烷分子和顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精形成自组装笼状体后,作为配体与金属配位制备金属催化剂的反应式为:
实施例26:实施例10所得爪形三氮唑环枝连金刚烷三取代胺分子与乙二胺桥联金刚烷分子和顺式丁烯二酸环糊精形成自组装笼状体后,作为配体与金属配位制备金属催化剂的反应式为:
实施例27:实施例8所得爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精四取代胺分子与丁二酸桥联环糊精和顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷分子形成自组装笼状体后,作为配体与金属配位制备金属催化剂的反应式为:
实施例28:金属盐为五水硫酸铜时,与线型超分子自组装体发生配位形成(CuSO4,NaAsc)金属催化剂在水相催化CuAAC反应,选择苄基叠氮和苯乙炔作为模板反应,具体步骤为:
将苄基叠氮和苯乙炔溶解到水中,然后加入顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷超分子自组装金属(CuSO4,NaAsc)催化剂,反应12h得到1,4-二取代苯三氮唑;其中线型超分子催化剂的摩尔用量为苄基叠氮摩尔量的40ppm,1,4-二取代苯三氮唑的产率达94%,催化剂经过滤烘干处理后,继续进行催化实验,重复循环利用10次,催化效率未降低。
实施例29:金属盐为五水硫酸铜时,采用笼状超分子自组装体金属(CuSO4,NaAsc)催化剂用于在水相中催化CuAAC反应,选择7-羟基叠氮香豆素和苯乙炔作为模板反应,具体步骤为:
将7-羟基叠氮香豆素和苯乙炔加入到水中,然后加入催化剂爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与顺式丁烯二酸环糊精和丙二胺桥连环金刚烷的笼状超分子自组装金属(CuSO4,NaAsc)催化剂,反应2h得到对应1,4-二取代香豆素三氮唑产物;其中笼状超分子自组装催化剂的摩尔用量为对7-羟基叠氮香豆素摩尔量的0.1mol%,香豆素类1,4-二取代三氮唑产率为90%以上,催化剂经过滤烘干处理后,继续进行催化实验,重复循环利用10次,催化效率未降低;
顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精与顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷线型超分子自组装的扫描电镜图(见图11);当顺式丁烯二酸桥联金刚烷作为超分子的客体有序进入顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精的疏水空腔时,会形成如线型的超分子聚合物样貌;证实该超分子自组装体是线型的形式存在。
爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺与顺式丁烯二酸桥联环糊精和丙二胺桥联环金刚烷笼状超分子自组装的投射电镜图(见图12),由于爪形三氮唑环枝连环糊精三取代胺分子上间接着三氮唑结构,该结构具有富电子性和分散性,会改变自组装体的结构,因此引入丙二酸桥联金刚烷起到延长结构本身,还可以增强金属配位能力。当通过自组装后可得到类似笼状的纳米粒结构。也证实通过超分子相互作用可调控分子的结构
以上对本发明的具体实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (8)
1.一种线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
(1)将1种或多种环糊精衍生物溶解于溶剂中形成环糊精衍生物溶液;
(2)将1种或多种金刚烷衍生物加入到环糊精衍生物溶液中,在温度为20~60℃、避光下搅拌反应6h~7d,过滤后除去不溶物,在温度为40~60℃下减压浓缩,干燥,即得线型或笼状超分子自组装配体。
4.根据权利要求1所述线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)环糊精衍生物与金刚烷衍生物的摩尔比为1:3~6。
5.根据权利要求1所述线型或笼状超分子自组装配体的制备方法,其特征在于:减压浓缩为旋蒸干燥,干燥温度为40~60℃。
6.权利要求1~5任一项所述制备方法线型或笼状超分子自组装配体。
7.权利要求6所述线型或笼状超分子自组装配体作为配体在制备金属配位催化剂中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述应用,其特征在于:金属配位催化剂用于催化CuAAC反应。
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