CN114034666A - Self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on C-shaped ceramic sleeve - Google Patents
Self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on C-shaped ceramic sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN114034666A CN114034666A CN202111312617.3A CN202111312617A CN114034666A CN 114034666 A CN114034666 A CN 114034666A CN 202111312617 A CN202111312617 A CN 202111312617A CN 114034666 A CN114034666 A CN 114034666A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 title claims 6
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 29
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on a C-shaped ceramic sleeve, which mainly comprises a single-mode optical fiber, an optical fiber ceramic ferrule, the C-shaped sleeve and a Pd/Ag alloy membrane. The single-mode optical fiber is nested in the optical fiber ceramic insert core, and the single-mode optical fiber nested in the optical fiber ceramic insert core and coated with the Pd/Ag alloy film on the other end face forms a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The hydrogen concentration in the C-shaped ceramic sleeve changes, the reflectivity of the Pd/Ag alloy film changes and the volume expands, the interference spectrum of the sensor drifts, and the change of the hydrogen concentration can be obtained by demodulating the drift of the spectrum. The invention has the characteristics of simple preparation, firm structure, high sensitivity and the like, and can be used for detecting the hydrogen concentration in different environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on a C-shaped ceramic sleeve, and belongs to the field of optical fiber sensing.
Background
The hydrogen has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, no pollution of products and the like, and is called as three new energy sources together with solar energy and nuclear energy. As a new energy source, hydrogen is widely applied in the fields of aviation, power and the like; meanwhile, the hydrogen is used as a reducing gas and a carrier gas, and has extremely important application value in chemical industry, electronics, medical treatment and metal smelting, particularly in the field of military and national defense. However, hydrogen molecules are very small, and are easy to leak in the processes of production, storage, transportation and use, and because hydrogen is not beneficial to breathing, colorless and tasteless, and cannot be detected by human nose, and the ignition point is only 585 ℃, the content of air is within the range of 4% -75%, and explosion happens when the air meets open fire, the content of hydrogen in the environment must be detected by using a hydrogen sensor in the use of hydrogen, and the leakage of the hydrogen is monitored.
Currently, hydrogen sensors on the market are mainly classified into a semiconductor type, a thermoelectric type, and an optical fiber type. The semiconductor-type hydrogen sensor includes resistive and non-resistive semiconductor sensors. The resistance type semiconductor sensor is a metal oxide semiconductor hydrogen sensor mainly prepared by taking metal oxides such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, tungsten oxide and the like as gas adsorbing materials. The non-resistance semiconductor sensor detects the concentration of hydrogen by detecting non-resistance electrical quantity such as capacitance, and includes two types, a schottky diode type and a metal-oxide-semiconductor type field effect transistor type. The main disadvantages of the semiconductor-type hydrogen sensor are that the selectivity is poor, the sensor is easily interfered by other reducing gases, such as carbon monoxide, electric sparks are easily generated in the using process, and explosion is easily caused in the environment with high integral number of hydrogen gas. The thermoelectric hydrogen sensor mainly utilizes the thermoelectric power generation effect (seebeck effect) of thermoelectric materials to convert the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end into thermoelectric potential, and the thermoelectric potential is output according to the situation of an electric signal, so that the detection of hydrogen is realized. The main current disadvantages of the thermoelectric hydrogen sensor are that electric sparks are easily generated in the use process, and explosion occurs when the thermoelectric hydrogen sensor is used in a high-concentration hydrogen environment, so that great danger is caused. The optical fiber type hydrogen sensor is mainly classified into an optical fiber grating type, a lens type, a evanescent field type and an interference type. The FBG part of the optical fiber is coated with a layer of hydrogen sensitive material, the central wavelength of the optical fiber grating type is caused to drift depending on the heat generated by the hydrogen sensitive material or the stretching of the volume expansion to the optical fiber structure, and the measurement of the hydrogen concentration can be realized by detecting the change of the central wavelength. FBG-based fiber optic hydrogen sensors often require a reduction in the diameter of the fiber to achieve highly sensitive measurement of hydrogen, or an increase in the thickness of the coated hydrogen-sensitive film to enhance sensitivity, but the increase in thickness slows down the diffusion rate of hydrogen and the response time of the sensor. The lens type optical fiber hydrogen sensor is mainly only suitable for point-type measurement and needs an optical switch to realize repeated routing and addressing of the sensor, the multiplexing capability is greatly limited, and the response sensitivity and the response time are mutually interfered, so that independent optimization is difficult to realize. The evanescent field type optical fiber hydrogen sensor realizes the measurement of the hydrogen concentration by utilizing the influence of hydrogen on evanescent field sensitive materials. The sensors are complex in preparation process and large in light attenuation, and are only suitable for basic research in laboratories at present. The working principle of the interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor is that two beams of light with equal frequency, same propagation direction and constant phase difference generate interference at a junction. The interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor mainly depends on the hydrogen sensitive material coated on the side surface or the tail end of the optical fiber structure and the hydrogen gas to interact with the material, and the refraction of the material changes to cause the spectral shift, so as to realize the detection of the hydrogen gas concentration. Although the interference type hydrogen gas sensor is susceptible to temperature interference, it is also well-focused and studied because it does not require special processes such as chemical etching, polishing, tapering, etc. and has high detection sensitivity, compared to other types of hydrogen gas sensors. Compared with other interference type sensors, the FPI type optical fiber hydrogen sensor has the characteristics of compact structure, simple working mode and high sensitivity, and is more suitable for anti-electromagnetic interference and hydrogen concentration measurement in narrow areas.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on a C-shaped ceramic sleeve, which has the advantages of self-contained packaging, low cost, electromagnetic interference resistance, simple demodulation, high sensitivity and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the utility model provides a from encapsulation interference type optic fibre hydrogen sensor based on C type ceramic sleeving, includes single mode fiber (1), optic fibre pottery lock pin (2), C type ceramic sleeving (3), Pd/Ag alloy membrane (4), optic fibre pottery lock pin (5) and single mode fiber (6), its characterized in that: the single-mode optical fiber (1) is completely nested in the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (2); the end face of the single-mode optical fiber (6) is coated with a Pd/Ag alloy film (4), and then the single-mode optical fiber (6) is completely nested in the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5); the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (2) and the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5) are nested in the C-shaped ceramic sleeve (3), and an air cavity between the single-mode optical fiber (1) and the Pd/Ag alloy membrane (4) forms a Fabry-Perot interferometer, so that the Fabry-Perot interferometer optical fiber hydrogen sensor with the package is prepared. Wherein the single-mode fiber (1) and the single-mode fiber (6) are G652D type and 125 μm in diameter; the inner diameters of the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (2) and the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5) are 125 mu m, and the straight diameter is 500-800 mu m; the inner diameter of the C-shaped ceramic sleeve (3) is 500-800 mu m, and the outer diameter is 1000-1200 mu m; the thickness of the Pd/Ag alloy film (4) is 3 to 5 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sensor only relates to a simple nesting connection process of the single-mode optical fiber, the optical fiber ceramic ferrule and the C-shaped ceramic sleeve, does not need complex processes such as welding and the like, and has the characteristics of structure reinforcement, electromagnetic interference resistance, low cost and high sensitivity.
2. Compared with the single Pd film, the Pd/Ag alloy film adopted by the sensor is more easily attached to the end face of the optical fiber, and is not easy to generate surface cracking and other phenomena.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
fig. 1 is a self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on a C-shaped ceramic sleeve.
In the figure: 1. single mode fiber, 2, fiber ceramic ferrule, 3, C type ceramic sleeve, 4, Pd/Ag alloy film, 5, fiber ceramic ferrule, 6, single mode fiber.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor of the present invention, and the manufacturing method and steps thereof are as follows: removing a section of single-mode fiber (1) and removing a coating layer, flattening the end face of the fiber by using a fiber cutter, and inserting the fiber into a fiber ceramic ferrule (2) with the inner diameter of 125 mu m and the straight diameter of 500-800 mu m; removing a section of single-mode optical fiber (6) to remove a coating layer, flattening the end face of the optical fiber by using an optical fiber cutter, and coating a layer of Pd/Ag alloy film with the thickness of 3-5 mu m on the flattened end face by using a film coating machine; thirdly, inserting the end face of the single-mode optical fiber (6) coated with the Pd/Ag alloy film (4) in the second step into an optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5) with the inner diameter of 125 mu m and the straight diameter of 500-800 mu m; and fourthly, respectively embedding the structures prepared in the first step and the third step into a C-shaped ceramic sleeve (3) with the inner diameter of 500-800 mu m and the outer diameter of 1000-1200 mu m.
The working principle of the invention is specifically described with reference to fig. 1: a beam of light enters from the fiber core of the single-mode optical fiber (1), a beam of reflected light is generated on the end face of the single-mode optical fiber (1) due to the difference of the refractive indexes of the fiber core and an air medium, a part of light continuously propagates forwards, and a beam of reflected light is generated on the medium face of the air and the Pd/Ag alloy film (4) due to the difference of the reflectivity. The two beams of reflected light have equal frequency, same propagation direction and constant phase difference, so that interference is generated between the two beams of reflected light to form the Fabry-Perot interferometer. The hydrogen concentration in the environment changes, so that the hydrogen concentration in the C-type ceramic sleeve changes, the Pd/Ag alloy membrane (4) reacts with the hydrogen, the reflectivity and the volume of the Pd/Ag alloy membrane (4) expand, the resonance spectrum of the Fabry-Perot interferometer drifts, and the detection of the hydrogen concentration can be realized by demodulating the drift of the resonance spectrum.
Finally, the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and not restrictive, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on a C-shaped ceramic sleeve comprises a single-mode optical fiber (1), an optical fiber ceramic ferrule (2), a C-shaped ceramic sleeve (3), a Pd/Ag alloy membrane (4), an optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5) and a single-mode optical fiber (6). The method is characterized in that: the single-mode optical fiber (1) is completely nested in the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (2); the end face of the single-mode optical fiber (6) is coated with a Pd/Ag alloy film (4), and then the single-mode optical fiber (6) is completely nested in the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5); the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (2) and the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5) are nested in the C-shaped ceramic sleeve (3), and an air cavity between the single-mode optical fiber (1) and the Pd/Ag alloy membrane (4) forms a Fabry-Perot interferometer.
2. The self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on the C-shaped ceramic sleeve of claim 1, wherein: the single-mode fiber (1) and the single-mode fiber (6) are G652D type and 125 μm in diameter.
3. The self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on the C-shaped ceramic sleeve of claim 1, wherein: the inner diameters of the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (2) and the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (5) are 125 mu m, and the straight diameter is 500-800 mu m.
4. The self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on the C-shaped ceramic sleeve of claim 1, wherein: the C-shaped ceramic sleeve (3) has an inner diameter of 500-800 μm and an outer diameter of 1000-1200 μm.
5. The self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on the C-shaped ceramic sleeve of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the Pd/Ag alloy film (4) is 3 to 5 μm.
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| CN202111312617.3A CN114034666A (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on C-shaped ceramic sleeve |
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| CN202111312617.3A CN114034666A (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Self-packaging interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on C-shaped ceramic sleeve |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005351651A (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-22 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | Optical fiber hydrogen sensor used for hydrogen distribution measurement and measurement method using same |
| CN105841840A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 东北大学 | Optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring hydrogen concentration and temperature |
| CN207051192U (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-02-27 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of self-calibration device based on the double F P verniers amplification hydrogen gas sensors of optical fiber microcavity |
| CN108152220A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-12 | 中国计量大学 | The embedded Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor of sensitive membrane based on double C-type micro-cavities |
| CN207540971U (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-06-26 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor based on single mode-torsion multi-mode-single mode structure |
| CN110632033A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2019-12-31 | 中国计量大学 | F-P interference type multipoint measurement hydrogen sensor based on FBG demodulator |
| CN113310917A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 燕山大学 | Hydrogen sensor based on Fabry-Perot interference |
-
2021
- 2021-11-08 CN CN202111312617.3A patent/CN114034666A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005351651A (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-22 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | Optical fiber hydrogen sensor used for hydrogen distribution measurement and measurement method using same |
| CN105841840A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 东北大学 | Optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring hydrogen concentration and temperature |
| CN207051192U (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-02-27 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of self-calibration device based on the double F P verniers amplification hydrogen gas sensors of optical fiber microcavity |
| CN207540971U (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-06-26 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor based on single mode-torsion multi-mode-single mode structure |
| CN108152220A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-12 | 中国计量大学 | The embedded Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor of sensitive membrane based on double C-type micro-cavities |
| CN110632033A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2019-12-31 | 中国计量大学 | F-P interference type multipoint measurement hydrogen sensor based on FBG demodulator |
| CN113310917A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 燕山大学 | Hydrogen sensor based on Fabry-Perot interference |
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