CN113660004A - Multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit and control method - Google Patents
Multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit and control method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit and a control method, wherein the input end of a front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with a transmitting input signal, the output end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with a port 1 of a gating network, and a power supply end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with the output end of a modulation switch K1; the input end of the final power amplifier PA2 is connected with the port 2 of the gating network, the output end is connected with the port 1 of the circulator H1, and the power supply end is connected with the output end of the modulation switch K2; ports 2 of the circulators H1 and H2 are both connected to the antenna system; port 1 of the circulator H2 is connected to port 3 of the gated network; ports 3 of the circulators H1 and H2 are connected with a balanced amplitude limiting low noise amplifier through an isolator; the balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier is connected with the switch network; the invention realizes the multi-mode work of emission; and one receiving circuit is used for realizing time-sharing receiving of two received echoes, and a preceding power amplifier and an auxiliary circuit of a transmitting part are multiplexed under different modes, so that the system complexity is reduced, and the integration level is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar, communication and electronic countermeasure system transceiving, in particular to a multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit and a control method.
Background
With the development of electronic technology and increasingly complex electromagnetic environment, multifunctional integrated electronic equipment for radar, communication and electronic warfare gradually becomes a hot spot of international research at present.
The requirement of multifunctional integration puts high requirements on the multimode operation of a transceiving front-end circuit, and particularly the output waveform and the power level of a transmitter can be flexibly adjusted. For example, for a unit transmitting channel of a conventional S-band phased array radar, the pulse peak power in a conventional detection mode needs to be hundreds of watts; if the method is used in a communication mode, ten watt-level continuous wave power is required; for electronic countermeasure applications, even high power microwave weapons, peak power levels are on the order of kilowatts, but pulse widths are narrow.
In order to adapt to the working mode of multiple modes, one method adopts a plurality of sets of transceiving front-end circuits, and the method has the advantages that one mode corresponds to one circuit, different modes can be switched completely through a radio frequency switch, the switching response speed is high (the switching speed reaches the order of nano-second), and the consistency among channels is good; the disadvantages are that the circuit hardware is huge and complex, which is not beneficial to system integration and has high cost; the other method is to adopt single circuit hardware multiplexing and realize power output with different magnitudes by changing the working bias of the power amplifier, namely changing the working voltage and the input signal power. The method has the advantages of simple circuit, high integration level and low cost, and has the disadvantages of low mode switching response speed (the power supply voltage adjustment response speed reaches the second level), and poor linearity of the gallium nitride power tube serving as the high-power amplifier in the working state of an unsaturated zone, so that the consistency of the output power after mode switching is difficult to control.
Publication No. CN102545946A discloses a radio frequency front-end circuit, which selectively couples an antenna switch or a duplexer to a multimode antenna by controlling the switching of a switch; the radio frequency front-end circuit realizes the switching between the GSM mode and the CDMA or WCDMA mode by adopting the combination of a GSM antenna switch and a change-over switch. However, the patent has the defects of coexistence of a plurality of sets of transmitting and receiving circuits, low circuit multiplexing degree and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit is provided, so that multimode work is realized, the complexity of a system is reduced, and the integration level is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit comprises a front-stage power amplifier PA1, a gating network, a final-stage power amplifier PA2, a circulator H1, a circulator H2, an isolator G1, an isolator G2, a balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier, a switch network, a driving circuit 1, a driving circuit 2, a power supply V1, a power supply V2, a modulation switch K1, a modulation switch K2 and an antenna system;
the input end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with an emission input signal, the output end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with a port 1 of a gating network, the power supply end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with the output end of a modulation switch K1, the control end of the modulation switch K1 is connected with a driving circuit 1, and the power supply end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with a power supply V1;
the input end of a final-stage power amplifier PA2 is connected with a port 2 of a gating network, the output end of the final-stage power amplifier PA2 is connected with a port 1 of a circulator H1, the power supply end of the final-stage power amplifier PA2 is connected with the output end of a modulation switch K2, the control end of the modulation switch K2 is connected with a driving circuit 2, and the power supply end of the modulation switch K2 is connected with a power supply V2;
the port 3 of the balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier is connected with the port 1 of the switch network, and the port 4 is connected with the port 2 of the switch network; port 3 of the switching network sends out a receive output signal.
The advantages are that: the circuit structure adopted by the invention can realize the multi-mode emission work; and one receiving circuit is used for realizing time-sharing receiving of two received echoes, and a preceding power amplifier and an auxiliary circuit of a transmitting part are multiplexed under different modes, so that the system complexity is reduced, and the integration level is improved.
Preferably, the front stage power amplifier PA1 and the final stage power amplifier PA2 each include a silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based, gallium nitride-based, or other semiconductor amplifier.
Preferably, the signal transmission directions of the circulator H1 and the circulator H2 are both port 1 → port 2 → port 3; the output power of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is Pout1, the output power of the final-stage power amplifier PA2 is Pout2, the power endurance of the circulator H2 is not lower than Pout1, and the power endurance of the circulator H1 is not lower than Pout 2.
Preferably, the gating network comprises a circulator or a high power radio frequency switch or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the signal transmission directions of the isolator G1 and the isolator G2 are both port 1 → port 2, and the power endurance of neither the isolator G1 nor the isolator G2 is lower than Pout 2.
Preferably, the balanced amplitude-limiting low-noise amplifier comprises a front-end 3dB bridge, an amplitude-limiting circuit, a low-noise amplifier and a rear-end 3dB bridge;
the front end 3dB bridge comprises two input ends and two output ends, wherein the two input ends of the front end 3dB bridge are respectively a port 1 and a port 2;
the rear end 3dB bridge comprises two input ends and two output ends, and the two output ends of the rear end 3dB bridge are respectively a port 3 and a port 4;
two output ends of the front end 3dB bridge are respectively connected with two input ends of the rear end 3dB bridge through a limiting circuit and a low noise amplifier.
Preferably, the switch network is a high-speed radio frequency switch network.
Preferably, the modulation switch K1 and the modulation switch K2 both use N-type MOS transistors or P-type MOS transistors, including silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based, and gallium nitride-based semiconductor switching devices.
A control method of multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit, a drive circuit 1 controls a modulation switch K1 to be conducted, a drive circuit 2 controls a modulation switch K2 to be conducted, a gating network selects a path of a port 1 → a port 2, and a path of a port 2 → a port 3 of the switching network is conducted;
during transmission, a transmission input signal is subjected to power amplification through a front-stage power amplifier PA1, then passes through a port 1 → a port 2 of a gating network, then passes through power amplification of a final-stage power amplifier PA2 and a port 1 → a port 2 of a circulator H1, and finally a signal with output power of Pout2 is sent to an antenna system;
in reception, the antenna system receives an echo signal, which first enters from port 1 of the balanced-clipping low-noise amplifier through port 2 → port 3 of the circulator H1, then passes through the isolator G1, and is output from port 4, and finally passes through port 2 → port 3 of the switching network, and is output from port 3 of the switching network.
Preferably, the drive circuit 1 controls the modulation switch K1 to be switched on, the drive circuit 2 controls the modulation switch K2 to be switched off, the gating network selects the path of the port 1 → the port 3, and the path of the port 1 → the port 3 of the switching network is switched on;
during transmission, a transmission input signal sequentially passes through a front-stage power amplifier PA1, a port 1 → a port 3 of a gating network and a port 1 → a port 2 of a circulator H2, and finally a signal with output power of Pout1 is transmitted to an antenna system;
upon reception, the antenna system receives the echo signal, and then, the echo signal passes through port 2 → port 3 of the circulator H2, the isolator G2, port 2 of the balanced-slice low noise amplifier → port 3, port 1 of the switching network → port 3 in this order, and finally, is output from port 3 of the switching network.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the circuit structure adopted by the invention realizes the multi-mode emission work. The primary amplification gain of the power tube can reach dozens of decibels, and the transmission output power under different modes can reach the change of the order of magnitude, so that the power tube is suitable for multifunctional integrated electronic equipment for radar, communication and electronic warfare.
(2) The circuit structure adopted by the invention realizes time-sharing reception of two received echoes (a single-pole double-throw switch is omitted) by using one receiving circuit, and the preceding power amplifier and the auxiliary circuit of the transmitting part are multiplexed under different modes, thereby reducing the complexity of the system, improving the integration level and having obvious cost advantage.
(3) The circuit structure adopted by the invention realizes the mode switching completely through the switch switching, and has high response speed. The switching time of the radio frequency switch can be controlled within 10ns, the influence of the turn-off time of the power supply modulation switch on the circuit is small, and compared with a mode of changing a bias point of a power tube by adjusting voltage, the response speed is greatly improved.
(4) The circuit structure adopted by the invention has the advantages that the power tube is biased at the optimal working point in each mode, the working bias point does not move during mode switching, the power of the input signal of the power tube does not need to be changed, and the power tube is extremely beneficial to the gallium nitride power tube with poor linearity (high power optimization), so that the consistency of the output power among channels can be ensured, and the working stability and reliability of the circuit are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a balanced limiting low noise amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a signal transmission path diagram of the first operating mode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a signal transmission path diagram of the second operation mode according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit, which includes a front-stage power amplifier PA1, a gating network, a final-stage power amplifier PA2, a circulator H1, a circulator H2, an isolator G1, an isolator G2, a balanced clipping low-noise amplifier, a switch network, a driving circuit 1, a driving circuit 2, a power supply V1, a power supply V2, a modulation switch K1, a modulation switch K2, and an antenna system.
The input end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with an emission input signal, the output end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with a port 1 of a gating network, the power supply end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with the output end of a modulation switch K1, the control end of the modulation switch K1 is connected with a driving circuit 1, and the power supply end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with a power supply V1;
the input end of a final-stage power amplifier PA2 is connected with a port 2 of a gating network, the output end of the final-stage power amplifier PA2 is connected with a port 1 of a circulator H1, the power supply end of the final-stage power amplifier PA2 is connected with the output end of a modulation switch K2, the control end of the modulation switch K2 is connected with a driving circuit 2, and the power supply end of the modulation switch K2 is connected with a power supply V2; port 2 of circulator H1 is connected to the antenna system;
the port 3 of the balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier is connected with the port 1 of the switch network, and the port 4 of the balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier is connected with the port 2 of the switch network; port 3 of the switching network outputs the receive output signal.
The front stage power amplifier PA1 and the final stage power amplifier PA2 operate in a pulse or continuous wave mode, including but not limited to silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based, gallium nitride-based, and other semiconductor amplifiers, and the output power Pout1 of the front stage power amplifier drives the output power Pout2 of the final stage power amplifier.
The gating network can be a circulator or a high-power radio frequency switch or a combination thereof, the selection of the port 1 → the port 2 and the port 1 → the port 3 of the signal transmission path gating network is realized, and the power endurance is not lower than Pout 1.
The signal transmission directions of the circulator H1 and the circulator H2 are port 1 → port 2 → port 3, the forward insertion loss requirement is as low as possible, and the reverse isolation requirement is as high as possible. The power endurance of the circulator H2 is not lower than Pout1, and the power endurance of the circulator H1 is not lower than Pout 2.
The signal transmission directions of the isolator G1 and the isolator G2 are port 1 → port 2, and the requirements for forward insertion loss are as low as possible and for reverse isolation are as high as possible. The power endurance of the isolator G1 and the power endurance of the isolator G2 are not lower than Pout2, and the stable operation of the power amplifier under the total reflection state of the antenna is protected.
The switch network is a high-speed radio frequency switch network, and when the port 3 is conducted with the port 1, the port 2 presents a load characteristic matched with a system; when port 3 is in conduction with output port 2, port 1 exhibits load characteristics matching the system.
The modulation switch K1 and the modulation switch K2 include but are not limited to silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based, gallium nitride-based and other semiconductor switch devices, and can be N tubes or P tubes;
the modulation switch K1 controls the power supply V1 to the front stage PA1, and the modulation switch K2 controls the power supply V2 to the final stage PA 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the balanced amplitude-limiting low-noise amplifier includes a front-end 3dB bridge, an amplitude-limiting circuit, a low-noise amplifier, and a rear-end 3dB bridge;
two input ends of the front-end 3dB bridge are respectively a port 1 and a port 2, and two output ends are respectively connected with the input end of an amplitude limiting circuit; the output ends of the two amplitude limiting circuits are respectively connected with the input end of a low-noise amplifier; the output ends of the two low-noise amplifiers are respectively connected with the two input ends of the rear-end 3dB bridge; the two output terminals of the back-end 3dB bridge are port 3 and port 4, respectively.
The embodiment also provides a control method of the multimode multiplexing transceiving front-end circuit, which comprises the following steps:
the selection of various working modes can be realized by controlling the modulation switch K1, the modulation switch K2, the gating network and the switch network.
The first working mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, in the first operation mode, the modulation switch K1 is controlled to be turned on by the driving circuit 1, the modulation switch K2 is controlled to be turned on by the driving circuit 2, the gate network selects the path of port 1 → port 2, and the path of port 2 → port 3 of the switch network is turned on;
at this time, the front stage power amplifier PA1 operates, and the final stage power amplifier PA2 operates; during transmission, a transmission input signal is subjected to power amplification through a front-stage power amplifier PA1, then passes through a port 1 → a port 2 of a gating network, then passes through power amplification of a final-stage power amplifier PA2 and a port 1 → a port 2 of a circulator H1, and finally a signal with output power of Pout2 is sent to an antenna system;
in reception, the antenna system receives an echo signal, which first enters from port 1 of the balanced-clipping low-noise amplifier through port 2 → port 3 of the circulator H1, then passes through the isolator G1, and is output from port 4, and finally passes through port 2 → port 3 of the switching network, and is output from port 3 of the switching network.
And a second working mode:
as shown in fig. 4, in the second operation mode, the modulation switch K1 is controlled to be turned on by the driving circuit 1, the modulation switch K2 is controlled to be turned off by the driving circuit 2, the gate network selects the path of port 1 → port 3, and the path of port 1 → port 3 of the switch network is turned on;
at this time, the front stage power amplifier PA1 operates, and the final stage power amplifier PA2 does not operate; therefore, during transmission, a transmission input signal sequentially passes through the front-stage power amplifier PA1, the port 1 → the port 3 of the gating network and the port 1 → the port 2 of the circulator H2, and finally a signal with output power of Pout1 is transmitted to the antenna system;
upon reception, the antenna system receives the echo signal, and then, the echo signal passes through port 2 → port 3 of the circulator H2, the isolator G2, port 2 of the balanced-slice low noise amplifier → port 3, port 1 of the switching network → port 3 in this order, and finally, is output from port 3 of the switching network.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multimode multiplexing transmit-receive front-end circuit, comprising: the device comprises a front-stage power amplifier PA1, a gating network, a final-stage power amplifier PA2, a circulator H1, a circulator H2, an isolator G1, an isolator G2, a balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier, a switch network, a driving circuit 1, a driving circuit 2, a power supply V1, a power supply V2, a modulation switch K1, a modulation switch K2 and an antenna system;
the input end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with an emission input signal, the output end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with the port 1 of the gating network, and the power supply end of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is connected with the output end of the modulation switch K1; the control end of the modulation switch K1 is connected with the drive circuit 1, and the power supply end is connected with a power supply V1;
the input end of the final power amplifier PA2 is connected with the port 2 of the gating network, the output end is connected with the port 1 of the circulator H1, and the power supply end is connected with the output end of the modulation switch K2; the control end of the modulation switch K2 is connected with the drive circuit 2, and the power supply end is connected with a power supply V2;
port 2 of the circulator H1 is connected with an antenna system, and port 3 is connected with port 1 of the balanced amplitude limiting low noise amplifier through an isolator G1;
port 1 of the circulator H2 is connected with port 3 of the gating network, port 2 is connected with the antenna system, and port 3 is connected with port 2 of the balanced amplitude limiting low noise amplifier through an isolator G2;
the port 3 of the balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier is connected with the port 1 of the switch network, and the port 4 is connected with the port 2 of the switch network; port 3 of the switching network outputs the receive output signal.
2. The multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein: the front-stage power amplifier PA1 and the final-stage power amplifier PA2 both comprise silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based and gallium nitride-based semiconductor power amplifiers.
3. The multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein: the signal transmission directions of the circulator H1 and the circulator H2 are both port 1 → port 2 → port 3; the output power of the front-stage power amplifier PA1 is Pout1, the output power of the final-stage power amplifier PA2 is Pout2, the power endurance of the circulator H2 is not lower than Pout1, and the power endurance of the circulator H1 is not lower than Pout 2.
4. The multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein: the gating network comprises a circulator or a high power radio frequency switch or a combination thereof.
5. The multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein: the signal transmission directions of the isolator G1 and the isolator G2 are both port 1 → port 2, and the withstand power of the isolator G1 and the isolator G2 is not lower than Pout 2.
6. The multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein: the balanced amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier comprises a front end 3dB electric bridge, an amplitude limiting circuit, a low-noise amplifier and a rear end 3dB electric bridge;
the front end 3dB bridge comprises two input ends and two output ends, wherein the two input ends of the front end 3dB bridge are respectively a port 1 and a port 2;
the rear end 3dB bridge comprises two input ends and two output ends, and the two output ends of the rear end 3dB bridge are respectively a port 3 and a port 4;
two output ends of the front end 3dB bridge are respectively connected with two input ends of the rear end 3dB bridge through a limiting circuit and a low noise amplifier.
7. The multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein: the switch network is a high-speed radio frequency switch network.
8. The multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein: the modulation switch K1 and the modulation switch K2 both adopt N-type MOS tubes or P-type MOS tubes, and comprise silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based and gallium nitride-based semiconductor switching devices.
9. The method for controlling a multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the drive circuit 1 controls the modulation switch K1 to be conducted, the drive circuit 2 controls the modulation switch K2 to be conducted, the gating network selects a path of the port 1 → the port 2, and conducts a path of the port 2 → the port 3 of the switching network;
during transmission, a transmission input signal is subjected to power amplification through a front-stage power amplifier PA1, then passes through a port 1 → a port 2 of a gating network, then passes through power amplification of a final-stage power amplifier PA2 and a port 1 → a port 2 of a circulator H1, and finally a signal with output power of Pout2 is sent to an antenna system;
in reception, the antenna system receives an echo signal, which first enters from port 1 of the balanced-clipping low-noise amplifier through port 2 → port 3 of the circulator H1, then passes through the isolator G1, and is output from port 4, and finally passes through port 2 → port 3 of the switching network, and is output from port 3 of the switching network.
10. The method for controlling a multimode multiplexing transceiver front-end circuit of claim 9, wherein: the drive circuit 1 controls the modulation switch K1 to be conducted, the drive circuit 2 controls the modulation switch K2 to be turned off, the gating network selects a path of the port 1 → the port 3, and a path of the port 1 → the port 3 of the switching network is conducted;
during transmission, a transmission input signal sequentially passes through a front-stage power amplifier PA1, a port 1 → a port 3 of a gating network and a port 1 → a port 2 of a circulator H2, and finally a signal with output power of Pout1 is transmitted to an antenna system;
upon reception, the antenna system receives the echo signal, and then, the echo signal passes through port 2 → port 3 of the circulator H2, the isolator G2, port 2 of the balanced-slice low noise amplifier → port 3, port 1 of the switching network → port 3 in this order, and finally, is output from port 3 of the switching network.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN115567073A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-01-03 | 电子科技大学 | Middle and small power GaN monolithic receiving and transmitting front-end circuit |
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