CN113464959B - Incineration system and technology suitable for medium and low heat value waste liquid - Google Patents

Incineration system and technology suitable for medium and low heat value waste liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113464959B
CN113464959B CN202110754460.3A CN202110754460A CN113464959B CN 113464959 B CN113464959 B CN 113464959B CN 202110754460 A CN202110754460 A CN 202110754460A CN 113464959 B CN113464959 B CN 113464959B
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waste liquid
gas
incineration
preheating
flue gas
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CN113464959A (en
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鲁涛
田洋
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Shenzhen Xinghe Environment Co ltd
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Shenzhen Xinghe Environment Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/008—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for liquid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/446—Waste feed arrangements for liquid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an incineration system and a process suitable for medium and low calorific value waste liquid, wherein the system comprises a waste liquid storage device for storing the waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device for preheating the waste liquid, a waste liquid incineration device for incinerating the waste liquid, a combustion supporting device for conveying combustion supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device, a heat recovery device for recovering and utilizing heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device, and a purification treatment device for purifying the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device; according to the technical scheme, the organic waste liquid is preheated, and the air is subjected to oxygen enrichment, preheating and reheating, so that the problem of high energy consumption of incineration of the organic waste liquid, particularly incineration of low-calorific-value waste liquid in a severe cold environment is solved.

Description

Incineration system and technology suitable for medium and low heat value waste liquid
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of organic waste liquid, in particular to an incineration system and an incineration process suitable for medium-low heat value waste liquid.
Background
With the rapid development of industrialization, a large amount of industrial wastewater is generated in the industries of medicine, textile, food processing, petroleum and the like. According to statistics, the annual discharge total amount of only two industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater in the existing 2411 provinces and more industrial parks in China is up to 971 hundred million tons. Wherein the high-salt organic waste liquid generated in the membrane separation, rectification, salting-out and other working sections of the fine chemical industries of pesticides, pharmacy, salt chemical industry and the like, namely COD (chemical oxygen demand) is more than 10,000mg/L, and the salt content is more than 50,000mg/L, and the treatment is very difficult due to the characteristics of strong acid and alkalinity, complex components (organic matters, inorganic salts, sulfides, nitrides, heavy metals and the like) and low biochemistry. If the waste water is directly discharged after being untreated, the organic matters which are difficult to degrade and the high content of inorganic salts in the waste water can cause serious environmental pollution.
The treatment mode commonly used at present is thatAnd thoroughly decomposing organic matters in the organic waste liquid by high-temperature incineration. When the temperature reaches above 800 ℃, the organic matters in the organic waste liquid are thoroughly decomposed into CO 2 、、H 2 O、NOx、SO 2 And small molecular gas. A general incineration disposal system includes: incinerator, waste heat boiler, induced draft fan, scrubber and chimney. However, for the low-heat value organic waste liquid, a large amount of auxiliary fuel is required to be supplemented in order to ensure the incineration temperature and thoroughly eliminate the organic pollutants, and the method has the characteristics of high energy consumption and high operation cost. In addition, in winter in northern severe cold regions, the organic waste liquid may be frozen due to lower temperature, which affects the continuous operation of the incineration system. Therefore, designing an incineration system that is suitable for organic waste liquid with different heat values, particularly low heat value, can stably operate for a long time in various severe cold environments and reduce external energy consumption is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an incineration system and an incineration process suitable for medium and low heat value waste liquid, and aims to solve the problem of high energy consumption of organic waste liquid incineration, particularly low heat value waste liquid incineration in severe cold environments, by preheating organic waste liquid and carrying out oxygen enrichment, preheating and reheating on air.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides an incineration system suitable for medium and low calorific value waste liquid, comprising a waste liquid storage device for storing waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device for preheating the waste liquid, a waste liquid incineration device for incinerating the waste liquid, a combustion supporting device for conveying combustion supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device, a heat recovery device for recycling heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device, and a purification treatment device for purifying the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device;
the combustion-supporting device comprises an air supply device for collecting external air, an oxygen enrichment device for enriching oxygen of the air, a gas preheating device for preheating the air and a gas reheating device for reheating the air, wherein heat recovered by the heat recovery device is respectively conveyed to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas preheating device, and higher-temperature flue gas generated after heat recovery and utilization of the heat recovery device is conveyed to the gas reheating device;
the gas output end of the gas supply device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the oxygen enrichment device through valves, the gas output end of the oxygen enrichment device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas preheating device through valves, the gas output end of the gas preheating device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas reheating device through valves, and the gas output end of the gas reheating device is connected with the waste liquid incineration device through valves.
Preferably, the waste liquid storage device comprises a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks for temporarily storing waste liquids with different physicochemical properties, and a homogenizing stirring tank for stirring and mixing the waste liquids in the waste liquid storage tanks, wherein the waste liquid storage tanks are arranged in parallel, and the liquid outlets of the waste liquid storage tanks are connected with the liquid inlets of the homogenizing stirring tank through a transfer pump, a flowmeter and a switch valve.
Preferably, the waste liquid preheating device comprises a water bath or an oil bath.
Preferably, the waste liquid incineration device comprises a vertical incinerator, wherein an atomization nozzle for spraying the waste liquid conveyed by the waste liquid preheating device into a main combustion area after atomization, a gas injection port for accessing combustion-supporting gas and a smoke outlet for discharging high-temperature smoke generated by incineration are arranged in the vertical incinerator, and the smoke outlet is connected with the heat recovery device.
Preferably, the heat recovery device comprises a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler comprises a higher temperature flue gas outlet and a saturated steam outlet, the higher temperature flue gas outlet is used for conveying higher temperature flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler to the gas reheating device to reheat the gas, saturated steam is generated by heat exchange of the high temperature flue gas in the waste heat boiler, the saturated steam outlet is connected with a steam separation cylinder, and the steam separation cylinder is used for conveying the saturated steam to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas preheating device respectively through valves.
Preferably, the gas supply means comprises a blower, the oxygen enrichment means comprises an oxygen enrichment machine, and the gas reheating means comprises a flue gas heat exchanger or a gas heat exchanger.
Preferably, the purification treatment device comprises a quenching unit, a dry deacidification unit, a bag dust removal unit, a wet deacidification unit and a flue gas discharge unit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides an incineration process suitable for the medium and low calorific value waste liquid, and the incineration system comprises the following steps:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in the waste liquid storage device, obtaining the main organic component conditions including heat value and S/Cl ratio; then, carrying out mutual solubility compatibility on one or more organic waste liquids in the waste liquid storage device, and determining the heat value range and the S/Cl ratio of the organic waste liquids after compatibility;
s2: the compatible organic waste liquid is conveyed to a waste liquid preheating device, heat is provided for the waste liquid preheating device through a heat recovery device, and the organic waste liquid is heated to 30-45 ℃ from room temperature and does not exceed the flash point of the organic waste liquid;
s3: the preheated organic waste liquid in the waste liquid preheating device is conveyed into the waste liquid incineration device, and combustion-supporting gas is injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the combustion-supporting device, so that the organic waste liquid and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and burned out at the temperature of more than 1100 ℃;
the injection mode of the combustion-supporting gas comprises the following steps: the external air is directly injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the air supply device through opening and closing of the control valve, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the gas preheating device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the gas preheating device and the gas reheating device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the oxygen enrichment device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the oxygen enrichment device, the gas preheating device and the gas reheating device;
s4: and after passing through the heat recovery device and the gas reheating device in sequence, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device is reduced to 500 ℃ and then enters the purification treatment device, the purification treatment device carries out quenching cooling on the cooled flue gas to 160-180 ℃, and then the cooled flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after deacidification and dust removal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the air can be directly injected; preheating air; preheating and reheating the air in sequence; oxygen enrichment is carried out on the air; air is preheated after being enriched with oxygen; after the air is enriched with oxygen, preheating and reheating are sequentially carried out; six process combinations are suitable for the incineration of waste liquid with different heat values, especially the incineration of waste liquid with low heat value in severe cold environment, and the supplementary fuel is obviously reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an incineration system according to the present invention;
the achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The incineration system for middle and low calorific value waste liquid provided in this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, comprises a waste liquid storage device for storing waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device 2 for preheating waste liquid, a waste liquid incineration device for incinerating waste liquid, a combustion supporting device for delivering combustion supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device, a heat recovery device for recovering and utilizing heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device, and a purification treatment device 6 for purifying the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device;
the combustion-supporting device comprises an air supply device 41 for collecting external air, an oxygen enrichment device 42 for enriching oxygen, a gas preheating device 43 for preheating air and a gas reheating device 44 for reheating air, wherein heat recovered by the heat recovery device is respectively conveyed to the waste liquid preheating device 2 and the gas preheating device 43, and higher-temperature flue gas generated by the heat recovery device after heat recovery is conveyed to the gas reheating device 44;
the gas output end of the gas supply device 41 is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the oxygen enrichment device 42 through a valve 7, the gas output end of the oxygen enrichment device 42 is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas preheating device 43 through the valve 7, the gas output end of the gas preheating device 43 is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas reheating device 44 through the valve 7, and the gas output end of the gas reheating device 44 is connected with the waste liquid incineration device through the valve 7.
It should be noted that, the present embodiment improves the existing incineration system of organic waste liquid, is suitable for organic waste liquid incineration with different heat values, and can realize direct air injection by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 7; preheating air; preheating and reheating the air in sequence; oxygen enrichment is carried out on the air; air is preheated after being enriched with oxygen; after the air is enriched with oxygen, preheating and reheating are sequentially carried out; six process combinations are suitable for the incineration of waste liquid with different heat values, especially the incineration of waste liquid with low heat value in severe cold environment, and the supplementary fuel is obviously reduced.
Further, the waste liquid storage device comprises a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks 11 for temporarily storing waste liquids with different physicochemical properties, and a homogenizing stirring tank 12 for stirring and mixing the waste liquids in the waste liquid storage tanks 11, wherein the waste liquid storage tanks 11 are arranged in parallel, and the liquid outlets of the waste liquid storage tanks 11 are connected with the liquid inlets of the homogenizing stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump, a flowmeter and a switch valve 7.
Further, the waste liquid preheating device 2 comprises a water bath pot or an oil bath pot.
Further, the waste liquid incineration device comprises a vertical incinerator 3, wherein the vertical incinerator 3 is provided with an atomization nozzle 31 for spraying the waste liquid conveyed by the waste liquid preheating device 2 into a main combustion area after atomization, a gas injection port 32 for accessing combustion-supporting gas, and a smoke outlet 33 for discharging high-temperature smoke generated by incineration, and the smoke outlet 33 is connected with the heat recovery device.
Further, the heat recovery device comprises a waste heat boiler 5, the waste heat boiler 5 comprises a higher temperature flue gas outlet 51 and a saturated steam outlet 52, the higher temperature flue gas outlet 51 is used for conveying higher temperature flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler to the gas reheating device 44 to reheat the gas, saturated steam is generated by heat exchange of the high temperature flue gas in the waste heat boiler 5, the saturated steam outlet 52 is connected with a branch cylinder 53, and the branch cylinder 53 is used for conveying the saturated steam to the waste liquid preheating device 2 and the gas preheating device 43 respectively through the valve 7.
Further, the gas supply device 41 comprises a blower, the oxygen enrichment device 42 comprises an oxygen enrichment device, and the gas reheating device 44 comprises a flue gas heat exchanger or a gas heat exchanger.
Further, the purification treatment device 6 comprises a quenching unit, a dry deacidification unit, a bag dust removal unit, a wet deacidification unit and a flue gas discharge unit.
The invention also provides an incineration process suitable for the medium-low heat value waste liquid, and the incineration system comprises the following steps:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in the waste liquid storage device, obtaining the main organic component conditions including heat value and S/Cl ratio; then, carrying out mutual solubility compatibility on one or more organic waste liquids in the waste liquid storage device, and determining the heat value range and the S/Cl ratio of the organic waste liquids after compatibility;
s2: the compatible organic waste liquid is conveyed to a waste liquid preheating device 2, heat is provided for the waste liquid preheating device 2 through a heat recovery device, and the organic waste liquid is heated to 30-45 ℃ from room temperature and does not exceed the flash point of the organic waste liquid;
s3: the organic waste liquid preheated in the waste liquid preheating device 2 is conveyed into a waste liquid incineration device, combustion-supporting gas is injected into the waste liquid incineration device through a combustion-supporting device, so that the organic waste liquid and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and burned out at the temperature of more than 1100 ℃;
the injection mode of the combustion-supporting gas comprises the following steps: by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 7, external air is directly injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the air supply device 41, or external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41 and the gas preheating device 43, or external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41, the gas preheating device 43 and the gas reheating device 44, or external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41 and the oxygen-enriched device 42, or external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device 41, the oxygen-enriched device 42, the gas preheating device 43 and the gas reheating device 44;
s4: after passing through the heat recovery device and the gas reheating device 44 in sequence, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device is cooled to 500 ℃ and enters the purification treatment device 6, the cooled flue gas is cooled to 160-180 ℃ by quenching by the purification treatment device 6, and then is discharged into the atmosphere after deacidification and dust removal.
In the following, six different incineration processes of the system according to the invention are described by means of specific examples.
Example 1
Taking the inlet organic waste liquid of a certain dangerous waste comprehensive treatment center of an inner Mongolian autonomous region as an example, the process of directly injecting external air into a waste liquid incineration device through an air supply device 41 is adopted:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11, obtaining main organic component conditions (heat value, S/Cl); one or more of the organic waste liquid is/are pumped into a homogenizing stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the heat value of the organic solvent after compatibility is determined to be more than 5000kcal/kg; after the homogenization stirring is completed, the waste liquid is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot, and is heated to 30 ℃ from minus 30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; the waste liquid is then sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 via the atomising nozzle 31.
S2: the control valve 7 is used for directly introducing air of minus 30 ℃ blown by a blower into the vertical incinerator 3 through the gas injection port 32; after the organic waste liquid after high-pressure atomization is mixed with air, the mixture is burned out at the temperature of more than 1100 ℃.
S3: the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, and saturated steam generated by heat exchange is sent into a water bath or an oil bath through the air separating cylinder 53 and the valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid; the high temperature fume is cooled from 500 deg.c to 160 deg.c in quenching tower, deacidified, dust collected, etc. and exhausted to atmosphere via draught fan.
Example two
Taking the process of taking the organic waste liquid entering the dangerous waste comprehensive treatment center of the inner Mongolia autonomous region as an example, adopting the external air to sequentially pass through the air supply device 41 and the air preheating device 43 and then be injected into the waste liquid incineration device:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11, obtaining main organic component conditions (heat value, S/Cl); one or more of the organic waste liquid is/are pumped into a homogenizing stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the heat value range of the organic solvent after compatibility is determined to be 4000-5000 kcal/kg; after the homogenization stirring is completed, the filtrate is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot, and is heated to 30 ℃ from-30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; the waste liquid is then sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 via the atomising nozzle 31.
S2: the control valve 7 is used for preheating air at the temperature of minus 30 ℃ blown by a blower to 170 ℃ through the gas preheating device 43 and then introducing the air into the vertical incinerator 3; the organic waste liquid after high-pressure atomization is mixed with air at 170 ℃ and burned out at the temperature above 1100 ℃.
S3: the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, and saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot through the air separation cylinder 53 and the valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid and is sent into the gas preheating device 43 for preheating air; the high temperature fume is cooled from 500 deg.c to 160 deg.c in quenching tower, deacidified, dust collected, etc. and exhausted to atmosphere via draught fan.
Example III
Taking the process of injecting the organic waste liquid into the dangerous waste comprehensive treatment center of the inner Mongolia autonomous region as an example, adopting the external air to sequentially pass through the air supply device 41, the air preheating device 43 and the air reheating device 44 and then injecting the external air into the waste liquid incineration device:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11, obtaining main organic component conditions (heat value, S/Cl); one or more of the organic waste liquid is/are pumped into a homogenizing stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the heat value range of the organic solvent after compatibility is determined to be 3000-4000 kcal/kg; after the homogenization stirring is completed, the filtrate is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot, and is heated to 30 ℃ from-30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; the waste liquid is then sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 via the atomising nozzle 31.
S2: the control valve 7 is used for leading air with the temperature of minus 30 ℃ blown by the blower into the vertical incinerator 3 after the air is preheated to 170 ℃ by the gas preheating device 43 and then is reheated to 370 ℃ by the gas reheating device 44; the organic waste liquid after high-pressure atomization is mixed with air at 370 ℃ and burned out at the temperature above 1100 ℃.
S3: the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 700 ℃, and saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot through the air separation cylinder 53 and the valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid and is sent into the gas preheating device 43 for preheating air; the higher temperature flue gas is then further introduced into a gas reheating device 44 for air reheating through a pipeline, and finally, the temperature of the higher temperature flue gas is reduced from 700 ℃ to 500 ℃ and enters a quenching tower; the flue gas is rapidly released heat by a quenching tower and is reduced to 160 ℃ from 500 ℃, and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney by a draught fan after being subjected to deacidification, dust collection and other treatments.
Example IV
Taking the process of taking the organic waste liquid entering the dangerous waste comprehensive treatment center of the inner Mongolia autonomous region as an example, adopting the external air to sequentially pass through the air supply device 41 and the oxygen enrichment device 42 and then be injected into the waste liquid incineration device:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11, obtaining main organic component conditions (heat value, S/Cl); one or more of the organic waste liquid is/are pumped into a homogenizing stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the heat value range of the organic solvent after compatibility is determined to be 2000-3000 kcal/kg; after the homogenization stirring is completed, the waste liquid is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot, and is heated to 30 ℃ from minus 30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; the waste liquid is then sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 via the atomising nozzle 31.
S2: the control valve 7 is used for converting air blown by a blower at the temperature of minus 30 ℃ into oxygen-enriched air through the oxygen-enriched device 42 and then introducing the oxygen-enriched air into the vertical incinerator 3; after mixing the high-pressure atomized organic waste liquid with oxygen-enriched air, the mixture is burnt out at the temperature of more than 1100 ℃.
S3: the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, saturated steam generated by heat exchange is sent into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot by a cylinder 53 and a valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid, the high-temperature flue gas rapidly releases heat through a quenching tower, is reduced from 500 ℃ to 160 ℃, is subjected to deacidification, dust collection and the like, and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney by an induced draft fan.
Example five
Taking the process of injecting the organic waste liquid into the dangerous waste comprehensive treatment center of the inner Mongolia autonomous region as an example, adopting the external air to sequentially pass through the air supply device 41, the oxygen enrichment device 42 and the gas preheating device 43 and then injecting the external air into the waste liquid incineration device:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11, obtaining main organic component conditions (heat value, S/Cl); one or more of the organic waste liquid is/are pumped into a homogenizing stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the heat value range of the organic solvent after compatibility is determined to be 1000-2000kcal/kg; after the homogenization stirring is completed, the filtrate is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot, and is heated to 30 ℃ from-30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; the waste liquid is then sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 via the atomising nozzle 31.
S2: the control valve 7 is used for converting air with the temperature of minus 30 ℃ blown by a blower into oxygen-enriched air through the oxygen-enriched device 42, and then preheating the air to 170 ℃ by the gas preheater and introducing the air into the vertical incinerator 3; the organic waste liquid after high-pressure atomization is mixed with oxygen-enriched air at 170 ℃ and burned out at the temperature above 1100 ℃.
S3: the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 500 ℃, and saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath or an oil bath through a gas separation cylinder 53 and a valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid and a gas preheating device 43 for preheating oxygen-enriched air; the high temperature fume is cooled from 500 deg.c to 160 deg.c in quenching tower, deacidified, dust collected, etc. and exhausted to atmosphere via draught fan.
Example six
Taking the process of taking the organic waste liquid entering the dangerous waste comprehensive treatment center of the inner Mongolia autonomous region as an example, adopting the external air to sequentially pass through the air supply device 41, the oxygen enrichment device 42, the gas preheating device 43 and the gas reheating device 44 and then be injected into the waste liquid incineration device:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in each waste liquid storage tank 11, obtaining main organic component conditions (heat value, S/Cl); one or more of the organic waste liquid is/are pumped into a homogenizing stirring tank 12 through a transfer pump and a flowmeter for mutual solubility compatibility, and the heat value range of the organic solvent after compatibility is determined to be less than 1000kcal/kg; after the homogenization stirring is completed, the filtrate is pumped into a water bath pot or an oil bath pot, and is heated to 30 ℃ from-30 ℃ through a waste heat boiler 5; the waste liquid is then sprayed into the vertical incinerator 3 via the atomising nozzle 31.
S2: the control valve 7 is used for converting air with the temperature of minus 30 ℃ blown by a blower into oxygen-enriched air sequentially through the oxygen-enriched device 42, preheating the oxygen-enriched air to 170 ℃ through the gas preheating device 43 and introducing the oxygen-enriched air into the vertical incinerator 3 after the oxygen-enriched air is reheated to 370 ℃ through the gas reheating device 44; the organic waste liquid after high-pressure atomization is mixed with oxygen-enriched air at 370 ℃ and burned out at the temperature above 1100 ℃.
S3: the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 5 from the flue gas outlet 33, the temperature is reduced from 1100 ℃ to 700 ℃, and saturated steam generated by heat exchange is respectively sent into a water bath kettle or an oil bath kettle through a gas separation cylinder 53 and a valve 7 for preheating organic waste liquid and is sent into a gas preheating device 43 for preheating oxygen-enriched air; the higher temperature flue gas is further introduced into a gas reheating device 44 through a pipeline for reheating oxygen-enriched air, and finally, the temperature of the higher temperature flue gas is reduced from 700 ℃ to 500 ℃ and enters a quenching tower; the flue gas is rapidly released heat by a quenching tower and is reduced to 160 ℃ from 500 ℃, and is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney by a draught fan after being subjected to deacidification, dust collection and other treatments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.

Claims (8)

1. The incineration system is characterized by comprising a waste liquid storage device for storing waste liquid, a waste liquid preheating device for preheating the waste liquid, a waste liquid incineration device for incinerating the waste liquid, a combustion supporting device for conveying combustion supporting gas into the waste liquid incineration device, a heat recovery device for recycling heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device, and a purification treatment device for purifying the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device;
the combustion-supporting device comprises an air supply device for collecting external air, an oxygen enrichment device for enriching oxygen of the air, a gas preheating device for preheating the air and a gas reheating device for reheating the air, wherein heat recovered by the heat recovery device is respectively conveyed to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas preheating device, and higher-temperature flue gas generated after heat recovery and utilization of the heat recovery device is conveyed to the gas reheating device;
the gas output end of the gas supply device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the oxygen enrichment device through valves, the gas output end of the oxygen enrichment device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas preheating device through valves, the gas output end of the gas preheating device is respectively connected with the waste liquid incineration device and the gas reheating device through valves, and the gas output end of the gas reheating device is connected with the waste liquid incineration device through valves;
the injection mode of the combustion-supporting gas comprises the following steps: the external air is directly injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the air supply device through opening and closing of the control valve, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the gas preheating device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the gas preheating device and the gas reheating device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the oxygen enrichment device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the oxygen enrichment device, the gas preheating device and the gas reheating device.
2. The incineration system for medium and low heat value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the waste liquid storage device comprises a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks for temporarily storing waste liquid with different physical and chemical properties, a homogenizing stirring tank for stirring and mixing the waste liquid in the plurality of waste liquid storage tanks, a plurality of waste liquid storage tanks are arranged in parallel, and a liquid outlet of the plurality of waste liquid storage tanks is connected with a liquid inlet of the homogenizing stirring tank through a transfer pump, a flowmeter and a switch valve.
3. The incineration system adapted for medium and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the waste liquid preheating device comprises a water bath or an oil bath.
4. The incineration system for medium and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the waste liquid incineration device comprises a vertical incinerator, an atomization nozzle for atomizing waste liquid conveyed by the waste liquid preheating device and spraying the atomized waste liquid into a main combustion area, a gas injection port for accessing combustion-supporting gas, and a flue gas outlet for discharging high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration are arranged in the vertical incinerator, and the flue gas outlet is connected with the heat recovery device.
5. The incineration system adapted to medium and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the heat recovery device comprises a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler comprises a higher temperature flue gas outlet and a saturated steam outlet, the higher temperature flue gas outlet is used for conveying higher temperature flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler to the gas reheating device to reheat gas, saturated steam is generated by heat exchange of the high temperature flue gas in the waste heat boiler, the saturated steam outlet is connected with a branch cylinder, and the branch cylinder is used for conveying the saturated steam to the waste liquid preheating device and the gas preheating device respectively through valves.
6. The incineration system adapted for medium and low heat value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the air supply device comprises a blower, the oxygen enrichment device comprises an oxygen enrichment machine, and the gas reheating device comprises a flue gas heat exchanger or a gas heat exchanger.
7. The incineration system suitable for medium and low calorific value waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the purification treatment device comprises a quenching unit, a dry deacidification unit, a bag-type dust removal unit, a wet deacidification unit and a flue gas discharge unit.
8. An incineration process suitable for medium and low calorific value waste liquid, which is characterized by comprising the incineration system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprising the following steps:
s1: after sampling and analyzing the organic waste liquid in the waste liquid storage device, obtaining the main organic component conditions including heat value and S/Cl ratio; then, carrying out mutual solubility compatibility on one or more organic waste liquids in the waste liquid storage device, and determining the heat value range and the S/Cl ratio of the organic waste liquids after compatibility;
s2: the compatible organic waste liquid is conveyed to a waste liquid preheating device, heat is provided for the waste liquid preheating device through a heat recovery device, and the organic waste liquid is heated to 30-45 ℃ from room temperature and does not exceed the flash point of the organic waste liquid;
s3: the preheated organic waste liquid in the waste liquid preheating device is conveyed into the waste liquid incineration device, and combustion-supporting gas is injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the combustion-supporting device, so that the organic waste liquid and the combustion-supporting gas are fully mixed and burned out at the temperature of more than 1100 ℃;
the injection mode of the combustion-supporting gas comprises the following steps: the external air is directly injected into the waste liquid incineration device through the air supply device through opening and closing of the control valve, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the gas preheating device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the gas preheating device and the gas reheating device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device and the oxygen enrichment device, or the external air is sequentially injected into the waste liquid incineration device after passing through the air supply device, the oxygen enrichment device, the gas preheating device and the gas reheating device;
s4: and after passing through the heat recovery device and the gas reheating device in sequence, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste liquid incineration device is reduced to 500 ℃ and then enters the purification treatment device, the purification treatment device carries out quenching cooling on the cooled flue gas to 160-180 ℃, and then the cooled flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after deacidification and dust removal.
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