CN113372719A - Antibacterial composite material, formula and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antibacterial composite material, formula and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antibacterial composite material, a formula and a preparation method thereof, wherein the formula of the antibacterial composite material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 1 part of resin, 2-6 parts of rutile, 0.01-0.2 part of modifier, 1.5-9 parts of solvent and 0.02-0.2 part of dispersant, wherein the resin comprises: one or more of polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphthalamide and polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the median diameter of rutile is 60-800 nm. The antibacterial composite material has the antibacterial rate of 95-99.99 percent and the glossiness of 160-240GU at the angle of 60 degrees, and can meet the antibacterial and aesthetic requirements of people on appearance parts and structural parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resin composite materials, in particular to an antibacterial composite material, a formula and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Public health incidents caused by new infectious diseases have become the leading problem of global safety concerns, and with the continuous progress of science and technology, people have conducted intensive research on antibacterial materials. In daily life, the appearance and structural parts of some products are more concerned, and people not only need to be only aesthetically, but also expect to have antibacterial performance, so that the spread of infectious diseases is reduced, and the safety of users is ensured.
In the existing organic and inorganic antibacterial composite materials, nano anatase titanium dioxide is generally adopted as an inorganic antibacterial agent. The nano anatase titanium dioxide has stronger photocatalytic activity under the photocatalytic action and can generate more active oxygen groups for killing and decomposing bacteria, but the strong oxidative active groups generated by the nano anatase titanium dioxide can realize sterilization and simultaneously can cause the decomposition of a high molecular compound base material, thereby influencing the appearance and long-term use performance of a composite material appearance part or a structural part. In addition, because the anatase titanium dioxide is in a porous structure, the nano anatase titanium dioxide antibacterial composite material is relatively dim in appearance color and luster and relatively low in strength, and is not attractive to consumers when used as an appearance part and not strong enough when used as a structural part.
In view of this, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the art to provide a new antibacterial composite material, its formulation and its preparation method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an antibacterial composite material, a formula and a preparation method thereof, wherein the antibacterial composite material has high glossiness and antibacterial performance and is suitable for appearance parts and structural parts.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
the formula of the antibacterial composite material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 1 part of resin, 2-6 parts of rutile, 0.01-0.2 part of modifier, 1.5-9 parts of solvent and 0.02-0.2 part of dispersant, wherein the resin comprises the following components in parts by weight: one or more of polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphthalamide and polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the median diameter of rutile is 60-800 nm.
Preferably, the rutile has a median diameter of 80-100 nm.
Preferably, the solvent is deionized water, the dispersant is sodium benzoate, the modifier is silica sol, and the median diameter of the silica sol is 20-100 nm.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme that:
a preparation method of an antibacterial composite material comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding 0.01-0.2 part of modifier and 1.5-9 parts of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly, adding 2-6 parts of rutile, continuously stirring uniformly, heating for 1-10 hours, adding 0.02-0.2 part of dispersant, continuously stirring uniformly to obtain modified slurry, and spray-drying the modified slurry to obtain modified antibacterial powder;
step S2: adding 1 part of resin and the modified antibacterial powder into a mixer, and uniformly blending at the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain a blended material;
step S3: drying the blend at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and extruding and granulating by a screw to obtain granules;
step S4: performing injection molding on the granules in an injection molding machine at 370 ℃ to obtain a primary finished product;
step S5: and carrying out heat treatment and machining treatment on the primary finished product to obtain the antibacterial composite material.
Preferably, in the step S1, the rutile has a median diameter of 60-800nm, the solvent is deionized water, the dispersant is sodium benzoate, the modifier is oxidized sol-gel, and the silica sol has a median diameter of 20-100 nm.
Preferably, in the step S5, the heat treatment temperature is 300-380 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 6-20 hours.
Preferably, in the step S5, the heat treatment includes one or more of hot isostatic pressing, warm isostatic pressing, hot pressing, and pressureless heating.
Preferably, in the step S5, the machining process includes one or more of CNC machining, polishing, plating, and electroplating.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts another technical scheme that:
an antibacterial composite material is prepared by the preparation method of the antibacterial composite material.
Further, the antibacterial composite material has an antibacterial rate of 95-99.99% and a glossiness of 160-240GU at an angle of 60 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the resin and the modified rutile are used as raw materials to prepare the composite material with high glossiness and antibacterial performance in a compounding way, so that the problem that active oxygen groups generated by the rutile cannot coexist with the resin under the photocatalysis is solved, the glossiness and the strength of the antibacterial composite material are improved, and the prepared antibacterial composite material can meet the antibacterial and aesthetic requirements of people on appearance parts and structural parts.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing an antibacterial composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a formula of an antibacterial composite material, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 1 part of resin, 2-6 parts of rutile, 0.01-0.2 part of modifier, 1.5-9 parts of solvent and 0.02-0.2 part of dispersant, wherein the resin comprises: one or more of polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphthalamide and polyethylene terephthalate.
The rutile of the embodiment contains nano titanium dioxide, and bacteria are decomposed under the photocatalysis effect to achieve the antibacterial effect. Compared with other crystal forms, the rutile titanium dioxide has poor antibacterial performance, high density and high strength, replaces the common anatase titanium dioxide, and improves the glossiness and the strength of the composite material. The embodiment of the invention adopts rutile and resin to compound, and the rutile is coated by the rutile modification treatment, so that the modified rutile prevents active oxygen groups generated when the rutile plays an antibacterial role from decomposing an organic base material, and the coexistence problem of titanium dioxide and resin is solved.
Golden RedThe stone type titanium dioxide antibacterial principle is as follows: the electronic structure of the nano titanium dioxide is characterized by being full of TiO2And a vacant conduction band, in a system of water and air, the nano titanium dioxide is irradiated by sunlight, especially ultraviolet rays, when the electron energy reaches or exceeds the band gap energy. Electrons can be excited from a valence band to a conduction band, corresponding holes are generated in the valence band, namely electron and hole pairs are generated, under the action of an electric field, the electrons and the holes are separated and migrate to different positions on the surface of particles to generate a series of reactions, and the reactions are adsorbed and dissolved in TiO2Oxygen-trapped electron formation of O at the surface2The superoxide anion radical formed reacts with (oxidizes) most organic species. Simultaneously can react with organic matters in bacteria to generate CO2And H2O; while holes will adsorb on the TiO2OH and H of the surface2O is oxidized into OH (hydroxyl radical), OH has strong oxidizing ability, attacks unsaturated bonds of organic matters or extracts H atoms to generate new radicals, and excites chain reaction, thus finally causing bacteria to decompose.
Further, the rutile has a median diameter of 60-800nm, preferably 80-100 nm. The smaller the rutile grain size is, the larger the specific surface area of titanium dioxide is, more valence bands and an empty conduction band are exposed, and the titanium dioxide can be adsorbed and dissolved in TiO more2Oxygen-trapped electron formation of O at the surface2So that the capability of oxidizing and decomposing bacteria is stronger. In this example, the particle size of rutile is measured by a laser particle size analyzer, and the median diameter of rutile is the corresponding particle size when the cumulative percentage of particle size distribution of rutile reaches 50%.
Furthermore, the solvent is deionized water, the modifier is silica sol, and the median diameter of the silica sol is 20-100 nm.
According to the antibacterial mechanism analysis, the decomposition of some high molecular compounds can be accelerated by the nano titanium dioxide under the action of photocatalysis, so that the strong oxide generated by the rutile type titanium dioxide under the action of photocatalysis can decompose resin. In the embodiment, the rutile is modified by the silica sol, and the rutile is coated, so that the composite material can keep high glossiness and can resist bacteria under the action of photocatalysis, and the strong oxide generated by the titanium dioxide is coated during antibiosis so as to solve the problem that the strong oxide generated by the titanium dioxide decomposes resin under the action of photocatalysis.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial composite material, referring to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step S1: adding 0.01-0.2 part of modifier and 1.5-9 parts of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly, adding 2-6 parts of rutile, continuously stirring uniformly, heating for 1-10 hours, adding 0.02-0.2 part of dispersant, continuously stirring uniformly to obtain modified slurry, and spray-drying the modified slurry to obtain modified antibacterial powder.
In step S1, the solvent is deionized water, the dispersant is sodium benzoate, the modifier is silica sol, the rutile median diameter is 60-800nm, and the silica sol median diameter is 80-100 nm. Adding 0.01-0.2 part of silica sol and 1.5-9 parts of ionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 2 hours, adding 2-6 parts of rutile, continuously stirring and heating for 1-10 hours, adding 0.02-0.2 part of sodium benzoate, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain the modified slurry.
Step S2: adding 1 part of resin and antibacterial powder into a mixer, and uniformly blending at the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain a blend.
In step S2, the resin includes: one or more of polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphthalamide and polyethylene terephthalate, preferably polyphenylene sulfide.
Step S3: drying the mixture at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and extruding and granulating by a screw to obtain granules.
Step S4: and performing injection molding on the granules in an injection molding machine at 370 ℃ to obtain a primary finished product.
Step S5: and (4) carrying out heat treatment and machining treatment on the primary finished product to obtain the antibacterial composite material.
In step S5, the heat treatment temperature is 300-380 deg.C and the heat treatment time is 6-20 hours. Preferably, the heat treatment temperature is 320-. The heat treatment includes one or more of hot isostatic pressing, warm isostatic pressing, hot pressing, and pressureless heat treatment. The machining process includes one or more of CNC machining, polishing process, plating process, and electroplating process.
The preparation method of the antibacterial composite material provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple, has low cost and is easy for large-scale industrial production.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an antibacterial composite material prepared by the preparation method of the antibacterial composite material. The antibacterial composite material is white, the antibacterial rate of the antibacterial composite material is 95-99.99%, and the glossiness at an angle of 60 ℃ is 160-240 GU. Preferably, the antibacterial composite material has an antibacterial rate of 95-99% and a gloss of 170-230GU at an angle of 60 ℃.
The antibacterial mechanism of the antibacterial composite material of the embodiment is that rutile titanium dioxide can rapidly and effectively decompose organic matters forming bacteria and organic nutrients on which the bacteria are bred under the photocatalysis to inhibit growth; photocatalytic formation of OH and O2-Can bombard microbes, OH has strong oxidizing capacity, attacks unsaturated bonds of organic matters or extracts H atoms to generate new free radicals, and excites chain reaction, thereby damaging cell structures or generating holes on the surface of bacteria to cause RNA and protein to slowly leak out so as to kill the bacteria.
The antibacterial composite material prepared by the embodiment of the invention has good antibacterial effect, is safe and nontoxic to human bodies, has no irritation to skin, has wide application range, and can be applied to industries such as medical treatment, food and the like; the antibacterial composite material also has good aesthetic effect, can be applied to appearance parts, structural parts and the like, and can meet the requirement of people on the combination of the antibacterial property and the aesthetic of the appearance parts and the structural parts.
Example 1
Weighing 0.01 part of silica sol with the median diameter of 20nm, 2 parts of rutile with the median diameter of 150nm and 3 parts of deionized water; adding silica sol and deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 2 hours, adding rutile, continuously stirring uniformly, heating to 60 ℃, treating for 2 hours, adding 0.02 part of sodium benzoate, continuously stirring uniformly, and performing spray drying to obtain modified antibacterial powder; adding the antibacterial powder and 1 part of polyphenylene sulfide into a mixer, and blending for 8 hours at the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain a blended material; drying the blend at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and extruding and granulating by a screw to obtain granules; performing injection molding on the granules at 370 ℃ by using an injection molding machine to obtain a primary finished product; and (3) carrying out pressureless heat treatment on the primary product at 340 ℃ for 12 hours, and then carrying out polishing treatment on the primary product for 30min by using a silica sol polishing medium to obtain the antibacterial composite material.
Example 2
Weighing 0.1 part of silica sol with a median diameter of 60nm, 2.6 parts of rutile with a median diameter of 80nm and 6 parts of deionized water, adding the silica sol and the deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 2 hours, adding the rutile, continuously stirring uniformly, heating to 60 ℃, treating for 5 hours, adding 0.1 part of sodium benzoate, continuously stirring uniformly, and spray-drying to obtain modified antibacterial powder; adding the antibacterial powder and 1 part of polyphenylene sulfide into a mixer, and blending for 8 hours at the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain a blended material; drying the blend at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and extruding and granulating by a screw to obtain granules; performing injection molding on the granules at 370 ℃ by using an injection molding machine to obtain a primary finished product; and (3) carrying out pressureless heat treatment on the primary finished product at 320 ℃ for 20 hours, and then carrying out polishing treatment on the primary finished product for 30min by using a silica sol polishing medium to obtain the antibacterial composite material.
Example 3
Weighing 0.2 part of silica sol with the median diameter of 100nm and 6 parts of rutile with the median diameter of 200nm, adding the silica sol and deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 2 hours, adding the rutile, continuously stirring uniformly, heating to 80 ℃ for treatment for 1 hour, adding 0.2 part of sodium benzoate, continuously stirring uniformly, and spray-drying to obtain modified antibacterial powder; adding the antibacterial powder and 1 part of polyphenylene sulfide into a mixer, and blending for 8 hours at the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain a blended material; drying the blend at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and extruding and granulating by a screw to obtain granules; performing injection molding on the granules at 370 ℃ by using an injection molding machine to obtain a primary finished product; and (3) carrying out pressureless heat treatment on the primary product at 360 ℃ for 6 hours, and then carrying out polishing treatment on the primary product for 30min by using a silica sol polishing medium to obtain the antibacterial composite material.
Comparative example
Adding 3 parts of alumina with the median diameter of 150nm and 1 part of polyphenylene sulfide into a mixer, and blending for 8 hours at the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain a blended material; drying the blend at 150 ℃ for 10 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, and extruding and granulating by a screw to obtain a granular material; performing injection molding on the granules at 370 ℃ by using an injection molding machine to obtain a primary finished product; and (3) carrying out pressureless heat treatment on the primary product at 340 ℃ for 12 hours, and then carrying out polishing treatment on the primary product for 30min by using a silica sol polishing medium to obtain the product.
The antibacterial rate and the glossiness of the composite materials prepared in examples 1-3 and products prepared in comparative examples are tested, wherein the glossiness is tested by adopting a YG60 high-precision glossiness instrument according to GB-T9754-2007 standard, and the test angle is 60 degrees; the antibacterial test strains are staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, the antibacterial performance is detected by adopting building material industry standard JC/T897-2014 antibacterial ceramic product antibacterial performance, each ceramic sheet is detected three times respectively, calculation is carried out according to the standard, and when the antibacterial rate is more than or equal to 90%, the industrial antibacterial standard is reached.
The test results are shown in table 1:
as shown in Table 1, the results of the tests show that, compared with the comparative examples, the formulations of examples 1-3 contain rutile (containing titanium dioxide), the antibacterial rate of the antibacterial composite materials prepared in examples 1-3 to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reaches 95-99%, and the glossiness thereof at an angle of 60 ℃ reaches 178-; in examples 1-3, as the content of rutile increases, the glossiness of the antibacterial composite material also increases correspondingly, and the antibacterial rate of examples 1 and 2 is higher than that of example 3, because the formula of examples 1 and 2 has smaller rutile medium diameter ratio and larger specific surface area, the antibacterial efficiency can be improved. In conclusion, the composite material with higher glossiness and higher antibacterial rate is prepared by the embodiment of the invention, and can be suitable for appearance parts and structural parts.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The formula of the antibacterial composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 1 part of resin, 2-6 parts of rutile, 0.01-0.2 part of modifier, 1.5-9 parts of solvent and 0.02-0.2 part of dispersant, wherein the resin comprises the following components in parts by weight: one or more of polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphthalamide and polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the median diameter of rutile is 60-800 nm.
2. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the rutile has a median diameter of 80-100 nm.
3. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the solvent is deionized water, the dispersant is sodium benzoate, the modifier is silica sol, and the silica sol has a median diameter of 20-100 nm.
4. The preparation method of the antibacterial composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: adding 0.01-0.2 part of modifier and 1.5-9 parts of solvent into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, adding 2-6 parts of rutile, continuously uniformly stirring, heating for 1-10 hours, adding 0.02-0.2 part of dispersant, continuously uniformly stirring to obtain modified slurry, and spray-drying the modified slurry to obtain modified antibacterial powder;
step S2: adding 1 part of resin and the modified antibacterial powder into a mixer, and uniformly blending at the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain a blended material;
step S3: drying the blend at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and extruding and granulating by a screw to obtain granules;
step S4: performing injection molding on the granules in an injection molding machine at 370 ℃ to obtain a primary finished product;
step S5: and carrying out heat treatment and machining treatment on the primary finished product to obtain the antibacterial composite material.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the rutile has a median diameter of 60-800nm, the solvent is deionized water, the dispersant is sodium benzoate, the modifier is silica sol, and the silica sol has a median diameter of 20-100 nm.
6. The method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 300-380 ℃ and the heat treatment time is 6-20 hours in step S5.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein in the step S5, the heat treatment includes one or more of a hot isostatic pressing treatment, a warm isostatic pressing treatment, a hot pressing treatment, and a pressureless heat treatment.
8. The manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S5, the machining process includes one or more of a CNC machining process, a polishing process, a plating process, and a plating process.
9. An antibacterial composite material, characterized by being prepared by the method for preparing an antibacterial composite material according to any one of claims 4 to 8.
10. The antimicrobial composite of claim 9, wherein the antimicrobial composite has an antimicrobial rate of 95-99.99% and a gloss at an angle of 60 ° of 160-240 GU.
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