CN113113765A - Ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113113765A CN113113765A CN202110345422.2A CN202110345422A CN113113765A CN 113113765 A CN113113765 A CN 113113765A CN 202110345422 A CN202110345422 A CN 202110345422A CN 113113765 A CN113113765 A CN 113113765A
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- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010396 two-hybrid screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010397 one-hybrid screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna, which comprises a double-arm hybrid helical antenna, a tapered gradient coaxial balun, a layer of hybrid wave-absorbing material and a metal back cavity, wherein the double-arm hybrid helical antenna comprises a layer of dielectric substrate and two hybrid helical antenna units arranged on the dielectric substrate, the two hybrid helical antenna units have the same structure and size, one hybrid helical antenna unit can be regarded as being copied by rotating the other hybrid helical antenna unit by 180 degrees, and a helical radiator of the double-arm hybrid helical antenna is positioned on the opening surface of the metal back cavity. The ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna disclosed by the invention adopts a mode of mixing the quasi-equiangular helical antenna and the quasi-Archimedes helical antenna, not only can keep the excellent high-frequency characteristic of the quasi-equiangular helical antenna by improving the duty ratio of the inner-ring quasi-equiangular helical antenna, but also can keep the excellent low-frequency characteristic of the quasi-Archimedes helical antenna by adjusting the duty ratio and the line width of the outer-ring quasi-Archimedes helical antenna, and solves the problem that the bandwidth of the helical antenna is influenced by the duty ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna in the field.
Background
The spiral antenna is a broadband antenna with excellent performance, and is widely applied to military and civil fields such as ultra-wideband communication, electronic warfare, broadband frequency spectrum monitoring, broadband passive guidance and the like. Helical antennas are one of the non-frequency-varying antennas, and are receiving attention due to their stable broadband characteristics. The helical antenna is of the type of an equiangular helical antenna, an archimedean helical antenna, a Sinuous helix, or the like. For circularly polarized broadband antennas, the Sinuous helix needs to be composed of four arms, a broadband power division network and a double balun design are needed, and the complexity and difficulty of the Sinuous helix are far greater than those of an equiangular helical antenna and an archimedean helical antenna. At present, an equiangular helical antenna, an archimedean helical antenna and a hybrid helical antenna of the two are widely used.
Both conventional equiangular helical antennas and archimedean helical antennas have a constant duty cycle. The hybrid helical antenna formed by the two antennas also requires the same duty ratio because a smooth transition is required at the junction. In order to obtain better low-frequency characteristics, the duty ratio of 1:1 is usually adopted for the spiral positioned at the periphery, namely, blank equal parts are filled on the spiral arm, but at the innermost side of the spiral, due to the limited space, the duty ratio of 1:1 can cause the radiation arm to become very thin, so that the loss is increased on one hand, and the requirement on the processing precision of the antenna is extremely high on the other hand. Therefore, in order to realize excellent characteristics in a high frequency band with a certain processing accuracy, it is necessary to increase the duty ratio to increase the width of the radiating arm, but this causes deterioration in characteristics of the antenna in a low frequency band.
Considering the design requirements of the actual carrier, the antenna generally needs to be designed to radiate unidirectionally. The common design method of unidirectional radiation of the helical antenna is loading of a back cavity. Theoretically, for a single frequency point, if the bottom of the back cavity is a quarter wavelength away from the radiation antenna, the reflected wave and the direct wave can be superposed in phase to improve the gain. Furthermore, the antenna radiation arm can be tightly attached to the back cavity to realize unidirectional radiation based on the in-phase reflection band gap. However, the above method requires the antenna to be spaced apart from the bottom of the back cavity by a quarter wavelength, and is not suitable for ultra-wideband antennas. Meanwhile, the same-phase reflection band gap constructed based on the resonance mechanism cannot form a good reflection effect in a full frequency band due to the fact that the reflection band gap is too narrow and the unit size is too large, and ultra-wideband design cannot be achieved. Another compromise method is to fill the back cavity with a wave-absorbing material to absorb the back radiation to form a unidirectional radiation. However, the traditional carbon powder-doped sponge wave-absorbing material needs a thicker size to cover the low frequency band, so that the depth of the antenna cavity is larger, and in addition, the traditional carbon powder-doped sponge wave-absorbing material needs to be combined with the iron-based wave-absorbing material for better covering the low frequency band, so that the antenna has a large section, heavy weight and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ultra-wideband hybrid spiral antenna, which can solve the problems of large overall size, heavy weight and high manufacturing cost of the conventional spiral antenna and can ensure the ultra-wideband characteristic of the antenna.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna, the improvement comprising: the dual-arm hybrid spiral antenna comprises a dielectric substrate and two hybrid spiral antenna units arranged on the dielectric substrate, wherein the two hybrid spiral antenna units have the same structure and size, one hybrid spiral antenna unit can be regarded as being copied by rotating the other hybrid spiral antenna unit by 180 degrees, and a spiral radiator of the dual-arm hybrid spiral antenna is positioned on the opening surface of the metal back cavity; the mixed wave absorbing material is loaded between the bottom of the metal back cavity and the double-arm mixed helical antenna, the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun is vertically placed in the metal back cavity and penetrates through the mixed wave absorbing material to be perpendicular to the double-arm mixed helical antenna, and an inner core and an outer skin of the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun are respectively connected with the two mixed helical antenna units of the double-arm mixed helical antenna.
Furthermore, the inner ring of the hybrid spiral antenna unit adopts a plurality of circles of quasi-equiangular spiral antennas with variable duty ratios, the outer ring adopts a plurality of circles of quasi-Archimedes spiral antennas with variable duty ratios, and the inner ring and the outer ring are smoothly connected.
Further, in the same hybrid helical antenna unit, two lines corresponding to the quasi-equiangular helical antenna are formed according to the following formula:
r＝rmin×exp(αc×θ)
r'＝R(θ)×rmin×exp(αc×θ)
R(θ)＝R_in+(R_out-R_in)×θ/θmax
wherein r isminIs the smallest radius, αcIs the spiral exponential growth rate, theta is the angle of rotation, thetamaxThe duty ratio of a starting point and an end point is determined by R _ in and R _ out respectively when the spiral arm rotates by theta angle, R (theta) is a corresponding radius, and the peripheral end points of two lines corresponding to the spiral arm are as follows:
r1＝rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
r1'＝R×rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
the end point duty cycle is:
the end point line width is:
W1＝(1-R)×rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
the two lines corresponding to one arm of the quasi-archimedes spiral antenna are determined by the following curve equation:
wherein W controls the initial linewidth, αaControlling the initial single-turn amplification and duty cycle, k1Controlling the total change of amplitude, k, of a single turn2Controlling the overall change of duty cycle, n1,n2Controlling the speed of the change;
starting radius r of connection part of m-turn quasi-equiangular spiral antenna and quasi-Archimedes spiral antenna0Width of spiral W1And duty cycle FT1The smooth transition of these three parameters is achieved by the following relationship:
r0＝rmin×exp(αc×2πm)
W1＝(1-R)×rmin×exp(αc×2πm)
αa＝W1/(r0×FT1×π)。
furthermore, the mixed wave-absorbing material is formed by combining an upper sponge wave-absorbing material and a lower high-impedance surface, the sponge wave-absorbing material is a carbon powder loaded sponge wave-absorbing material with the thickness of 10mm, the high-impedance surface is formed by a dielectric plate, a periodic metal patch on one side of the dielectric plate and a metal bottom plate on the other side of the dielectric plate, and the metal patch is connected with the floor through a metal through hole.
Furthermore, the inner core and the outer skin of the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun are respectively connected with the feed points of the two hybrid spiral antenna units of the dual-arm hybrid spiral antenna.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna disclosed by the invention adopts a mode of mixing the quasi-equiangular helical antenna and the quasi-Archimedes helical antenna, not only can keep the excellent high-frequency characteristic of the quasi-equiangular helical antenna by improving the duty ratio of the inner-ring quasi-equiangular helical antenna, but also can keep the excellent low-frequency characteristic of the quasi-Archimedes helical antenna by adjusting the duty ratio and the line width of the outer-ring quasi-Archimedes helical antenna, and solves the problem that the bandwidth of the helical antenna is influenced by the duty ratio. The advantages of the quasi-Archimedes spiral antenna and the quasi-equiangular spiral antenna are integrated, the high-low frequency characteristics are considered, and meanwhile, the broadband spiral antenna is easier to process and realize.
According to the ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna disclosed by the invention, the hybrid wave-absorbing material is based on a high-impedance surface and a carbon powder loaded sponge wave-absorbing material, and the ultra-wideband absorption of 9 frequency doubling is realized by utilizing two mechanisms of reflection and absorption. The cavity depth is reduced after the cavity-backed antenna is used. Has the advantages of low profile and ultra-wideband. The lower layer of the mixed wave-absorbing material is provided with a layer of high-impedance surface which can play two roles: (1) the local resonance of the electromagnetic wave in the high-impedance surface can enable the field to oscillate locally, so that the mixed wave-absorbing material can absorb the wave better and generate a resonance absorption peak value. (2) The reflection phase of the electromagnetic wave on the high-impedance surface is different from the reverse reflection on the metal surface, so that the phase of the electromagnetic wave reflected back to the back cavity opening surface through the bottom of the back cavity is changed, and if the phase can be adjusted to be in-phase superposed with the forward radiation, the radiation characteristic of the antenna is facilitated. In addition, the high-impedance surface is positioned in the mixed wave-absorbing material and the substrate, so that the miniaturization design of the unit is easier.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a spiral radiator of a dual-arm hybrid helical antenna in the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixed wave-absorbing material in an antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a calculation result of a mixed wave-absorbing material in the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention after a back cavity of balun and a mixed wave-absorbing material is loaded;
FIG. 6 is a graph of axial ratio simulation results of the antenna input port disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of the simulation result of S11 of the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a graph showing a simulation result of the gain of the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 5, this embodiment discloses an ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna, including a dual-arm hybrid helical antenna 10, a tapered gradient coaxial balun 20, a layer of hybrid wave-absorbing material 30, and a metal back cavity 40, where the dual-arm hybrid helical antenna includes a dielectric substrate and two hybrid helical antenna units mounted on the dielectric substrate, and the two hybrid helical antenna units have the same structure and size, and based on the complementary principle, one hybrid helical antenna unit 11 may be regarded as being copied by another hybrid helical antenna unit 12 rotating 180 ° around the origin at an angle, and a helical radiator of the dual-arm hybrid helical antenna is located at an opening of the metal back cavity; the mixed wave absorbing material is loaded between the bottom of the metal back cavity and the double-arm mixed helical antenna, the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun (realizing broadband matching and balance transformation based on a gradual-change structure) is vertically placed in the metal back cavity and penetrates through the mixed wave absorbing material to be perpendicular to the double-arm mixed helical antenna, and an inner core and an outer skin of the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun are respectively connected with two mixed helical antenna units (radiation arms) of the double-arm mixed helical antenna. Specifically, the inner core and the outer skin of the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun are respectively connected with the feed points of two hybrid helical antenna units of the dual-arm hybrid helical antenna.
The depth of the back cavity from the radiating surface of the antenna to the bottom of the back cavity is only 27 mm. Compared with the traditional spiral antenna, the antenna has the advantage of good low profile. In addition, the size of the antenna aperture is effectively reduced by means of loading the resistor at the tail end, the diameter of the antenna is only 65mm, and the aim of low-profile miniaturization is achieved.
The inner ring of the hybrid spiral antenna unit adopts a plurality of circles of quasi-equiangular spiral antennas with variable duty ratios, the outer ring adopts a plurality of circles of quasi-Archimedes spiral antennas with variable duty ratios, and the inner ring and the outer ring are smoothly connected.
In the same hybrid helical antenna unit, two lines corresponding to the quasi-equiangular helical antenna are formed according to the following formula:
r＝rmin×exp(αc×θ)
r'＝R(θ)×rmin×exp(αc×θ)
R(θ)＝R_in+(R_out-R_in)×θ/θmax
wherein r isminIs the smallest radius, αcIs the spiral exponential growth rate, theta is the angle of rotation, thetamaxM is m × 2 × pi, m is the number of turns, R _ in and R _ out determine the duty cycle of the start point and the end point, respectively, and R (θ) is the radius corresponding to the rotation through θ degrees, at which the duty cycle of the spiral is kept varying from inside to outside and is directly controlled.
The peripheral endpoints of the two lines corresponding to the spiral arms are as follows:
r1＝rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
r1'＝R×rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
the end point duty cycle is:
the end point line width is:
W1＝(1-R)×rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
the two lines corresponding to one arm of the quasi-archimedes spiral antenna are determined by the following curve equation:
wherein W controls the initial linewidth, αaControlling the initial single-turn amplification and duty cycle, k1Controlling the total change of amplitude, k, of a single turn2Controlling the overall change of duty cycle, n1,n2The speed of the change is controlled.
In the concrete implementation process, the starting radius r of the connection part of the m-turn quasi-equiangular spiral antenna and the quasi-Archimedes spiral antenna0Width of spiral W1And duty cycle FT1The smooth transition of these three parameters is achieved by the following relationship:
r0＝rmin×exp(αc×2πm)
W1＝(1-R)×rmin×exp(αc×2πm)
αa＝W1/(r0×FT1×π)。
the duty ratio and the line width of the whole spiral can be flexibly adjusted and are in smooth transition.
As shown in FIG. 2, the media substrate is RogersRT/Duroid5880, r with a thickness of 0.762mm and a radius of 29mmmin＝1.2mm，αcEqual to 0.086, the number of equiangular spiral turns is 4. R _ in is 0.803, R _ out is 0.842, and the radius of truncation of the antenna periphery is 27 mm. k1 is 0.3, k2 is 1, N1 is N2 is 2, and the terminating load resistor is 150 ohms.
As shown in fig. 3, the mixed wave-absorbing material is formed by combining a sponge wave-absorbing material on the upper layer and a high-impedance surface (HIS) on the lower layer, so as to realize ultra-wideband wave absorption. The sponge wave-absorbing material is carbon powder loaded sponge wave-absorbing material with the thickness of 10mm, the high-impedance surface HIS is composed of a dielectric plate, a periodic metal patch on one side of the dielectric plate and a metal bottom plate on the other side of the dielectric plate, and the metal patch is connected with the floor through a metal through hole. A gap between the metal patch units forms a capacitor C, a loop connected with the metal through holes forms an inductor L, so that a parallel LC resonance circuit is formed, surface waves near the resonance frequency cannot be transmitted on the surface of the parallel LC resonance circuit, and waves in other forms cannot be transmitted. Since the stop band characteristic is due to the resonance characteristic of the HIS structure itself, the cell size thereof need not be one-half of the waveguide wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the band gap, but can be much smaller than one wavelength. Meanwhile, the structure has the characteristic of in-phase reflection.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a calculation result (a model of balun tail end bifurcation) of the hybrid wave-absorbing material composed of UC _ HIS, and it can be seen that the addition of HIS makes the absorptance on three frequency bands of 2.35-3.4GHz, 5-11.8GHz, and 14.4-18GHz all greater than 10dB, thereby greatly enhancing the absorptance of the wave-absorbing material and widening the absorption bandwidth. On the other hand, from the phase of the reflection: in four frequency bands of 2-2.8GHz, 3.4-5.9GHz, 7.5-8.4GHz and 11.8-16.7GHz, the reflection phases are all positioned on an in-phase reflection band of-90 degrees to 90 degrees. So that the absorption and reflection band gaps can together cover a wide band range of 2-18 GHz. It is used to fill the cavity of the antenna so that the reflected electromagnetic wave is either absorbed or can be superimposed in phase with the forward radiation.
In the design of the unidirectional radiation spiral antenna, in order to better absorb the backward radiation of the antenna, a wave-absorbing material in a cavity needs to be placed at a certain distance from a spiral radiating body of the antenna, and whether the reflected wave energy and the forward wave energy are superposed depends on the phase when a backward radiation field returns to the antenna aperture.
The antenna of the invention generates dual-polarization ultra-wideband radiation by the mixed spiral radiation arm and the coaxial balun, and utilizes HIT and sponge mixed wave-absorbing material in the back cavity to inhibit back radiation, thereby realizing unidirectional radiation. The advantages are low profile, ultra wide band, and can be used for a variety of platforms.
The antenna performance is analyzed below. The axial ratio and S-parameters of the antenna are first analyzed. Fig. 6 is an axial ratio simulation result diagram of an input port of the antenna, fig. 7 is an S11 simulation result diagram of the antenna, and it can be seen from the diagram that the axial ratios of the simulated standing wave ratios in the 2-18GHz band are all below 3dB, and S11 is all below-15 dB, which illustrates that the balun and the antenna realize good matching, and the simulation result can show that the antenna exhibits better circular polarization characteristics. Fig. 8 shows a gain simulation result diagram of the antenna, and it can be seen that the radiation field characteristics of the antenna are stable in the whole frequency band.
In conclusion, the antenna disclosed by the invention has good working characteristics, and compared with the original sponge and iron oxide combined wave-absorbing material, the thickness of the antenna is reduced from 30mm to about 11 mm; therefore, the antenna disclosed by the invention has great application value and potential.
Claims (5)
1. An ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna, comprising: the dual-arm hybrid spiral antenna comprises a dielectric substrate and two hybrid spiral antenna units arranged on the dielectric substrate, wherein the two hybrid spiral antenna units have the same structure and size, one hybrid spiral antenna unit can be regarded as being copied by rotating the other hybrid spiral antenna unit by 180 degrees, and a spiral radiator of the dual-arm hybrid spiral antenna is positioned on the opening surface of the metal back cavity; the mixed wave absorbing material is loaded between the bottom of the metal back cavity and the double-arm mixed helical antenna, the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun is vertically placed in the metal back cavity and penetrates through the mixed wave absorbing material to be perpendicular to the double-arm mixed helical antenna, and an inner core and an outer skin of the tapered and gradual-change coaxial balun are respectively connected with the two mixed helical antenna units of the double-arm mixed helical antenna.
2. The ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna of claim 1, wherein: the inner ring of the hybrid spiral antenna unit adopts a plurality of circles of quasi-equiangular spiral antennas with variable duty ratios, the outer ring adopts a plurality of circles of quasi-Archimedes spiral antennas with variable duty ratios, and the inner ring and the outer ring are smoothly connected.
3. The ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna of claim 2, wherein: in the same hybrid helical antenna unit, two lines corresponding to the quasi-equiangular helical antenna are formed according to the following formula:
r＝rmin×exp(αc×θ)
r'＝R(θ)×rmin×exp(αc×θ)
R(θ)＝R_in+(R_out-R_in)×θ/θmax
wherein,rminis the smallest radius, αcIs the spiral exponential growth rate, theta is the angle of rotation, thetamaxThe duty ratio of a starting point and an end point is determined by R _ in and R _ out respectively when the spiral arm rotates by theta angle, R (theta) is a corresponding radius, and the peripheral end points of two lines corresponding to the spiral arm are as follows:
r1＝rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
r1'＝R×rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
the end point duty cycle is:
the end point line width is:
W1＝(1-R)×rmin×exp(αc×θmax)
the two lines corresponding to one arm of the quasi-archimedes spiral antenna are determined by the following curve equation:
wherein W controls the initial linewidth, αaControlling the initial single-turn amplification and duty cycle, k1Controlling the total change of amplitude, k, of a single turn2Controlling the overall change of duty cycle, n1,n2Controlling the speed of the change;
starting radius r of connection part of m-turn quasi-equiangular spiral antenna and quasi-Archimedes spiral antenna0Width of spiral W1And duty cycle FT1The smooth transition of these three parameters is achieved by the following relationship:
r0＝rmin×exp(αc×2πm)
W1＝(1-R)×rmin×exp(αc×2πm)
αa＝W1/(r0×FT1×π)。
4. the ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna of claim 1, wherein: the mixed wave-absorbing material is formed by combining an upper sponge wave-absorbing material and a lower high-impedance surface, the sponge wave-absorbing material is carbon powder loaded sponge wave-absorbing material with the thickness of 10mm, the high-impedance surface is formed by a dielectric plate, a periodic metal patch on one side of the dielectric plate and a metal bottom plate on the other side of the dielectric plate, and the metal patch is connected with a floor through a metal through hole.
5. The ultra-wideband hybrid helical antenna of claim 1, wherein: the inner core and the outer skin of the tapered gradient coaxial balun are respectively connected with the feed points of the two hybrid spiral antenna units of the double-arm hybrid spiral antenna.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4525720A (en) * | 1982-10-15 | 1985-06-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Integrated spiral antenna and printed circuit balun |
| CN104733870A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-06-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Circular polarization broadband helical antenna |
| US20180083350A1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-22 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Up-down zigzag additive spiral antenna |
| CN210120236U (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2020-02-28 | 无锡国芯微电子系统有限公司 | Miniaturized broadband planar helical antenna |
-
2021
- 2021-03-31 CN CN202110345422.2A patent/CN113113765A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4525720A (en) * | 1982-10-15 | 1985-06-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Integrated spiral antenna and printed circuit balun |
| CN104733870A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-06-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Circular polarization broadband helical antenna |
| US20180083350A1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-22 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Up-down zigzag additive spiral antenna |
| CN210120236U (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2020-02-28 | 无锡国芯微电子系统有限公司 | Miniaturized broadband planar helical antenna |
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Application publication date: 20210713 |
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