CN113001127B - Method and device for machining skin with active cooling channel - Google Patents
Method and device for machining skin with active cooling channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113001127B CN113001127B CN202110473248.XA CN202110473248A CN113001127B CN 113001127 B CN113001127 B CN 113001127B CN 202110473248 A CN202110473248 A CN 202110473248A CN 113001127 B CN113001127 B CN 113001127B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
- B64C1/12—Construction or attachment of skin panels
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for processing a skin with an active cooling channel, belongs to the field of precision sheet metal processing, and is used for solving the problem that the skin with the active cooling channel in the prior art is low in overall performance, and the processing method comprises the following steps: determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters; determining a machined part according to the unfolding size of the skin; according to the skin technological parameters and the position information, the machined part is manufactured into a semi-finished product containing a cooling channel through a mechanical processing and hot press molding method; and milling the semi-finished product to obtain the skin with the cooling channel. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the overall performance of the skin with the active cooling channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of precision sheet metal machining, and relates to a method and a device for machining a skin with an active cooling channel.
Background
In the field of aerospace, in order to improve the heat dissipation performance of parts such as an engine, ultra-high-speed friction and the like, high requirements are put forward on the skin of an active cooling channel. Among them, weight reduction, integration, and high precision are the development direction of forming the active cooling skin.
Common manufacturing methods for skins with active cooling channels are cast forming, weld forming, and additive manufacturing forming.
The casting forming is limited by the material type, the comprehensive mechanical property is generally not as good as that of a wrought alloy, and the lightweight design of the skin with the active cooling channel is not met; the skin with the active cooling channel is formed by welding, the strength of a welding seam is generally lower than that of a base metal, welding defects easily exist in the welding seam, and the uniformity and the integrity of the skin are damaged. Although the additive manufacturing forming can meet the design requirements of integrity and light weight, the forming efficiency is low, the processing cost is high, and stress concentration is easily caused, so that the skin is deformed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a method for processing a skin with an active cooling channel to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a skin with a cooling channel, including:
determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters;
determining a workpiece according to the unfolding size of the skin;
according to the skin technological parameters and the position information, the machined part is manufactured into a semi-finished product containing a cooling channel through a mechanical processing and hot press molding method;
and milling the semi-finished product to obtain the skin with the cooling channel.
Further, the step of manufacturing the machined part into a semi-finished product containing a cooling channel by a machining and hot press forming method according to the skin process parameters and the position information comprises the following steps:
according to the position information, a cooling channel is manufactured on the workpiece in a machining mode;
and manufacturing the machined part with the cooling channel into the semi-finished product by a hot press molding method according to the skin technological parameters.
Further, the workpiece is made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or high-temperature alloy.
Further, the workpiece is made of aluminum alloy, the hot-press forming temperature is 300-350 ℃, and the moving speed of the upper die to the lower die is 1-10 mm/s.
Further, the workpiece is made of titanium alloy, the hot-press forming temperature is 600-750 ℃, and the moving speed of the upper die to the lower die is 1-10 mm/s.
Further, the workpiece is made of high-temperature alloy, the hot-press forming temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the moving speed of the upper die to the lower die is 1-10 mm/s.
Further, the shape of the cooling channel comprises: round holes, oblong holes, straight holes or non-straight holes.
Further, before the determining a workpiece according to the unfolding size of the skin, the method further comprises:
and determining whether the cooling channel is perpendicular to the end surface of the skin according to the externally input skin process parameters.
Further, the method further comprises:
and manufacturing the cooling channel on the workpiece in a mechanical machining mode according to the preset inner diameter reserve of the channel.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a skin processing apparatus with a cooling channel, including: the system comprises machining equipment, hot-press forming equipment, milling equipment and a server;
the server is used for determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to skin process parameters input from the outside; determining a machined part according to the unfolding size of the skin;
the machining equipment and the hot-press forming equipment process the workpiece into a semi-finished product;
and the semi-finished product is processed into the skin with the cooling channel by the milling equipment.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, a mode of machining, hot pressing and milling is adopted, the part is formed under the condition of a uniform-thickness plate, the difficulty brought to the forming by a complex structure is avoided, any shape can be processed according to actual requirements through a subsequent milling mode, and the applicability of the processing method is improved.
2. In the manufacturing process of the additive manufacturing, local repeated rapid heating and cooling can cause large thermal stress in the part and deformation of the part, and the profile precision is not easy to control. The invention adopts a heating forming mode to process the skin, the heating is uniform, the stress is small under the condition of slow cooling, the shape is ensured by a mould, and the forming precision of the part is high.
3. The strength of the welding seam position of the skin with the active cooling channel formed by the welding method is lower than that of a base metal, welding defects easily exist, and the overall performance of the skin is affected; when the skin and the channel are thin, the heat input of the weld can cause problems of skin deformation, stress concentration and the like. According to the invention, through machining, the cooling channel is firstly arranged on the workpiece, and then the workpiece is subjected to hot forming, so that the obtained skin has good integrity performance, and meanwhile, the problems of skin deformation, stress concentration and the like can be avoided.
4. Based on the mode of machining, hot pressing and milling, the invention breaks through the material limitation in the prior art, can use forged alloy to manufacture the skin and can use cast alloy to manufacture the skin, thereby increasing the diversity and the applicability of the product.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout, are for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments only and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a skin with active cooling channels according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilled plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hot press forming of a drilled plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilled flat plate after hot press forming according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the field of aerospace, the engine is in a high-temperature environment when working, for example, the temperature of fuel gas in a combustion chamber of a rocket engine is up to 3000-4700K, the pressure of the fuel gas is usually several megapascals (dozens of atmospheric pressure), and the pressure can reach 20 megapascals (about 200 atmospheric pressure). The inner wall of the whole thrust chamber is heated strongly, the most serious part is near the throat part of the spray pipe, and the heat flow density can reach 10^4 to 10^5 kW/square meter. The flame temperature in the combustion chamber of the turbojet can reach 2300K, and the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the turbine can reach 1600K. Therefore, ensuring proper operation of the engine relies on cooling techniques. In addition, when the flying speed of the aircraft is between 4 and 10 Mach, the aircraft can generate violent friction with air, so that the surface temperature of the aircraft is increased, and the surface temperature can reach 785 to 3770K. Therefore, cooling techniques are also required in this scenario.
In the prior art, a skin with active cooling channels is selected to cool the engine and the locations where severe air friction occurs. In such a severe environment, the material is required to have high heat resistance and high mechanical properties.
Specifically, from a material perspective, the skin generally needs to be able to be machined into various shapes to match the shape of the engine, which requires the material of the skin to have high toughness and strength. Cast alloys have much less material properties than wrought materials, but cast alloys are easier to process than wrought alloys. Therefore, when the skin is prepared by using the cast alloy, since the toughness and the strength cannot satisfy the shape of the skin, the amount of the material needs to be locally increased to enhance the toughness or the strength, so that the skin cannot be lightened.
From the aspect of a manufacturing process, when the skin is manufactured by using an additive process, a local area of the skin needs to be rapidly heated and cooled repeatedly, so that the local thermal stress of the skin is large, the overall stress distribution of the skin is influenced, and the overall mechanical performance of the skin is reduced finally. Meanwhile, the process causes the deformation of the skin, so that the profile precision of the skin is not easy to control. In addition, the skin is usually several meters long, and in the manufacturing mode of the additive process, it takes a lot of time to complete the manufacturing of a whole skin, thereby reducing the production efficiency. Taking an aluminum alloy skin with the length of 2 meters and the radius of 0.4 meter as an example, firstly material increase manufacturing equipment with proper size is needed, secondly a large amount of aluminum alloy powder is needed, and finally, as layer-by-layer melting is needed in the manufacturing process, the heat input is large, and large-size skin parts are easy to deform. With the thermoforming method, the forming process only needs 1 hour to be sufficient, while the additive manufacturing process may need more than 10 days, or even more.
Although the skin can be produced quickly by welding, the strength of the welding seam is lower than that of the base metal after welding, and welding defects easily exist, so that the overall performance of the skin is affected. Furthermore, when the skin and channel are thin, the heat input to the weld can cause the skin to deform, causing problems with skin stress concentrations and the like.
In order to overcome the defects of the process, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a skin with a cooling channel, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters.
In the embodiment of the invention, the skin process parameters comprise: the shape of the outer shape, the size parameter of the outer shape, the length of the skin, the thickness of the skin, the inner diameter of the cooling channel and the distribution condition of the cooling channel on the outer shape, wherein the size parameter of the outer shape is related to the distribution condition of the cooling channel on the outer shape and the shape of the outer shape. Taking the arc surface as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the dimension parameters of the outer surface at this time include: arc length, arc radius and arc radian of the arc surface. The distribution of the cooling channels on the outer surface is the included angle between the adjacent cooling channels. As shown in fig. 2, the skin-spread size refers to the size of the skin after the skin is spread into a flat sheet, and includes: skin length, skin thickness, skin width, and cooling channel inner diameter. The position information of the cooling channels on the skin refers to the distance between the skin and the adjacent cooling channels in the flat plate state.
And 2, determining a machined part according to the unfolding size of the skin.
In the embodiment of the invention, the workpiece is generally in the shape of a flat plate, and can also be in other workpieces similar to the shape of the skin. The workpiece is made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or high-temperature alloy so as to ensure the mechanical property of the skin.
Step 3, machining a cooling channel on the machined part through machining according to the skin technological parameters and the position information;
and 4, manufacturing the workpiece with the cooling channel into a semi-finished product with the cooling channel by using a hot press molding method.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cooling channel is manufactured on the workpiece according to the position information by means of mechanical processing. And then, according to the technological parameters of the skin, the machined part with the cooling channel is manufactured into a semi-finished product by a hot press molding method. It is to be noted that there is no gap between the cooling channels in the semi-finished product, as shown in fig. 3. The shape of the cooling channel comprising: round holes, oblong holes, straight holes or non-straight holes. In addition, during machining, whether the cooling channel is perpendicular to the end face of the skin is determined according to the final trend and shape of the cooling channel on the skin.
For the hot press forming process, different process conditions are selected according to the material of the workpiece, specifically, the material of the workpiece is aluminum alloy, the hot press forming temperature is 300-350 ℃, such as 310 ℃, 320 ℃, 330 ℃ and 340 ℃, and the moving speed of the upper die to the lower die is 1-10 mm/s, such as 2mm/s, 4mm/s, 6mm/s and 8mm/s. The workpiece is made of titanium alloy, the hot-press forming temperature is 600-750 deg.C, such as 620 deg.C, 640 deg.C, 650 deg.C, 680 deg.C, 700 deg.C, 720 deg.C, 740 deg.C, and the upper die and lower die moving speed is 1-10 mm/s, such as 2mm/s, 4mm/s, 6mm/s, 8mm/s. The workpiece is made of high temperature alloy, the hot press forming temperature is 800-900 deg.C, such as 820 deg.C, 840 deg.C, 860 deg.C, 880 deg.C, the upper die moving speed to the lower die moving speed is 1-10 mm/s, such as 2mm/s, 4mm/s, 6mm/s, 8mm/s. Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has better applicability in the field of aerospace. Because the hot press forming can cause the bore diameter of the cooling channel machined to change, when the cooling channel is machined, the cooling channel is machined according to the preset inner diameter reserve of the channel, and the inner diameter of the cooling channel is the sum of the inner diameter reserve and the actual inner diameter of the cooling channel. The channel inner diameter reserve is determined by the actual inner diameter of the cooling channel. Typically, the ratio of the inner diameter reserve to the actual inner diameter of the cooling passage is between 5% and 10%.
And 5, milling the semi-finished product to form gaps among the cooling channels, and obtaining the skin with the active cooling channels, wherein the gaps are arranged between the adjacent cooling channels.
In the embodiment of the invention, the skin is obtained after milling as shown in fig. 4, and gaps are formed between the cooling channels. The purpose of the milling process is therefore to provide a groove structure in the surface of the semifinished product between adjacent cooling channels in order to increase the heat dissipation area of the cooling channels.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a skin processing device with a cooling channel, which comprises: the system comprises machining equipment, hot-press forming equipment, milling equipment and a server;
the server is used for determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to skin process parameters input from the outside; determining a machined part according to the expansion size of the skin;
the machining equipment is used for machining a cooling channel on a workpiece;
the hot-press forming equipment is used for processing the workpiece with the cooling channel into a semi-finished product;
and the milling equipment processes the semi-finished product into a skin with a cooling channel, wherein a gap is formed between every two adjacent cooling channels.
To illustrate the feasibility of the above solution, the present invention provides the following specific examples:
example 1
Taking an aluminum alloy with an active cooling channel skin as an example of a preferable scheme, the shape and the size of the skin are shown in figure 1, the part material is 5A06 aluminum alloy, the outer profile is an arc surface, the arc length of the arc surface is 314mm, the maximum arc radius is 300mm, the length is 500mm, the thickness is 20mm, and the diameter of the cooling channel is
The number of the cooling channels is 5, the circle centers of the cooling channel holes are uniformly distributed on an arc with the arc radius of 290mm, and the included angle between every two adjacent cooling channels is 10 degrees.
The specific preferred scheme is carried out according to the following process steps:
step one, performing plane unfolding: according to the structure with the active cooling channel skin, the skin with the arc-shaped outer surface is unfolded according to the arc radius R =290mm to obtain a sheet material with the size of 300mm wide, 500mm long and 20mm thick of the unfolded material of the skin, and meanwhile, the corresponding position relation of the cooling channels on the plane is obtained, and the distance between the circle centers of two adjacent cooling channels is 50.6mm, as shown in fig. 2;
step two, according to the unfolding size calculated in the step one, remaining allowance is reserved around for blanking;
step three, deep hole machining is carried out at the position corresponding to the section of the plate in a machining mode;
step four, placing the blank material prepared in the step three between an upper die and a lower die of a hot-pressing die, heating the blank material along with a furnace to 300-350 ℃, then slowly descending the upper die to match the die, keeping the die matching speed at 1-10 mm/s until the die is completely closed, keeping the pressure for 10 tons, and taking out the part after 10-30 minutes;
and step five, machining the parts subjected to thermoforming according to the size of the skin, milling the peripheral allowance and redundant parts to form gaps between the cooling channels, and obtaining the final skin with the gaps between the adjacent cooling channels and the active cooling channels.
Example 2
The preferable scheme example is that a certain titanium alloy belt is used for actively cooling the channel skin, the shape and the size of the titanium alloy belt are shown in figure 1, the part material is titanium alloy, the outer molded surface is an arc surface, the arc length of the arc surface is 314mm, the maximum arc radius is 300mm, the length is 500mm, the thickness is 20mm, and the diameter of the cooling channel is
Number of cooling channelsThe number of the cooling channel holes is 5, the circle centers of the cooling channel holes are uniformly distributed on an arc with the arc radius of 290mm, and the included angle between every two adjacent cooling channels is 10 degrees.
Step one, carrying out plane unfolding: according to the structure with the active cooling channel skin, the skin with the arc-shaped outer surface is unfolded according to the arc radius R =290mm to obtain a sheet material with the size of 300mm wide, 500mm long and 20mm thick of the unfolded material of the skin, and meanwhile, the corresponding position relation of the cooling channels on the plane is obtained, and the distance between the circle centers of two adjacent cooling channels is 50.6mm, as shown in FIG. 2;
step two, according to the unfolding size calculated in the step one, remaining allowance is reserved around for blanking;
step three, deep hole machining is carried out on the position corresponding to the section of the plate in a machining mode;
step four, placing the blank material prepared in the step three between an upper die and a lower die of a hot-pressing die, heating the blank material along with a furnace to 600-750 ℃, then slowly descending the upper die to close the die at a speed of 1-10 mm/s until the die is completely closed, maintaining the pressure for 10 tons for 10-30 minutes, and taking out the part;
and step five, machining the parts subjected to thermoforming according to the size of the skin, milling the peripheral allowance and redundant parts to form gaps between the cooling channels, and obtaining the final skin with the gaps between the adjacent cooling channels and the active cooling channels.
Example 3
The shape and the size of a certain high-temperature alloy belt active cooling channel skin are shown in figure 1, the part material is high-temperature alloy, the outer molded surface is an arc surface, the arc length of the arc surface is 314mm, the maximum arc radius is 300mm, the length is 500mm, the thickness is 20mm, and the diameter of the cooling channel is
The number of the cooling channels is 5, the circle centers of the cooling channel holes are uniformly distributed on an arc with the arc radius of 290mm, and the included angle between every two adjacent cooling channels is 10 degrees.
Step one, carrying out plane unfolding: according to the structure with the active cooling channel skin, the skin with the arc-shaped outer surface is unfolded according to the arc radius R =290mm to obtain a sheet material with the size of 300mm wide, 500mm long and 20mm thick of the unfolded material of the skin, and meanwhile, the corresponding position relation of the cooling channels on the plane is obtained, and the distance between the circle centers of two adjacent cooling channels is 50.6mm, as shown in fig. 2;
step two, according to the unfolding size calculated in the step one, remaining allowance is reserved around the unfolding size for blanking;
step three, deep hole machining is carried out at the position corresponding to the section of the plate in a machining mode;
step four, placing the blank material prepared in the step three between an upper die and a lower die of a hot-pressing die, heating the blank material along with a furnace to 800-900 ℃, then slowly descending the upper die to match the die, keeping the die matching speed at 1-10 mm/s until the die is completely closed, keeping the pressure for 10 tons, and taking out the part after 10-30 minutes;
and step five, machining the hot-formed part according to the size of the skin, milling away the peripheral allowance and the redundant part to form a gap between the cooling channels, and thus obtaining the final skin with the active cooling channel and the gap between the adjacent cooling channels.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a skin with an active cooling channel with the same technological parameters as those of the skin prepared in the embodiment 1 by a welding method;
according to the part structure, dividing a skin and a cooling channel into two parts, and respectively determining the technological parameters of the skin and the cooling channel.
Wherein, the technological parameters of the skin are as follows: the arc length of the arc-shaped surface is 314mm, the maximum arc radius is 300mm, the length is 500mm, and the thickness is 20mm;
the process parameters of the cooling channel are as follows: cooling channel diameter of
The number of the cooling channels is 5, the cooling channels are uniformly distributed on an arc with an arc radius of 290mm, and the included angle between every two adjacent cooling channels is 10 degrees.
Secondly, forming the skin by adopting a circle or hot forming mode according to the technological parameters of the skin, and arranging a butt welding structure on the skin through machining after forming; and manufacturing the cooling channel in an machining mode according to the technological parameters of the cooling channel.
And step three, welding the two parts.
And step four, polishing the welding seam part until the surface quality requirement of the part is met. And if necessary, the part needs to be corrected until the use requirement of the part is met.
Comparative example 2
Skin with active cooling channels was prepared with additive manufacturing method with the same process parameters as in example 1:
step one, preparing aluminum alloy powder meeting technical requirements;
step two: the process parameters comprise: the arc length of the arc surface is 314mm, the maximum arc radius is 300mm, the length is 500mm, the thickness is 20mm, and the diameter of the cooling channel is
The number of the cooling channels is 5, the circle centers of the cooling channel holes are uniformly distributed on an arc with the arc radius of 290mm, the included angle between every two adjacent cooling channels is 10 degrees, the included angle is input into the material increase manufacturing equipment, and allowance and a printing route are preset.
And step three, removing allowance of the surface of the printed part and performing finish machining to obtain the skin with the active cooling channel.
In example 1, 5a06 aluminum alloy is used as a processing material, aluminum alloy is used as a processing material in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, titanium alloy is used as a processing material in example 2, and high-temperature alloy is used as a processing material in example 3. In examples 1 to 3, the skin with the cooling channel is prepared by adopting a machining, hot pressing and milling method, the processing mode of the comparative example 1 is welding, and the processing mode of the comparative example 2 is additive manufacturing.
In comparative example 1, welding caused weld defects, which were mainly manifested by weld cracks, blowholes, undercut, lack of penetration, lack of fusion, slag inclusions, flash, collapse, craters, burnthrough, inclusions, etc., and had high performance requirements for parts in the aerospace field, while the presence of weld defects caused the welding process to fail to meet the performance requirements for parts in the aerospace field. Furthermore, for titanium alloys and superalloys, the melting point is usually higher than for different metallic materials, so welding also results in a large waste of energy.
The additive manufacturing needs to prepare corresponding metal powder, and the metal powder preparation process usually melts the metal material first, and sprays metal liquid drops in a spraying mode, and the metal liquid drops become powder after being cooled. However, the work material in comparative example 2 is an aluminum alloy, and if the metal droplets are sprayed in the air, the aluminum in the metal droplets is easily oxidized, thereby affecting the properties of the formed product. If the metal droplets are sprayed in an oxygen-free environment, a closed environment is required, which inevitably reduces the cooling rate of the metal droplets, which also affects the performance of the final product. Compared with the comparative example 2, the method of machining, hot pressing and milling provided by the embodiment of the invention has no problem in additive manufacturing, so that the mechanical property of the skin with the active cooling channel can be ensured.
For titanium alloy and high-temperature alloy, the melting point is very high, so that the titanium alloy and the high-temperature alloy are synthesized into liquid, compared with common metal materials, more energy and resources are consumed, and meanwhile, very high requirements are put on the heat resistance of additive manufacturing equipment. For the above reasons, it is difficult for the existing additive manufacturing equipment to use high-temperature alloy and titanium alloy as processing materials.
In addition, mechanical properties of the product obtained by yield increase production are generally improved by 10-20% compared with those of the product obtained by casting. The mechanical property of the product obtained by the manufacturing method is improved by more than 50 percent compared with that of the product obtained by casting. Taking aluminum 5A06 as an example of a manufacturing material, the tensile strength of the skin manufactured according to the technical scheme provided by the invention is 315MPa; the tensile strength of the skin manufactured according to the forging method is 200MPa.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for processing a skin with a cooling channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters; the skin process parameters comprise: the shape of the outer surface, the size parameter of the outer surface, the length of the skin, the thickness of the skin, the inner diameter of the cooling channel and the distribution condition of the cooling channel on the outer surface; the skin unfolding size refers to the size of the skin after the skin is extended into a flat plate, and comprises the following steps: skin length, skin thickness, skin width, and cooling channel inner diameter; the position information of the cooling channels on the skin refers to the distance between the skin in a flat plate state and adjacent cooling channels;
determining a machined part according to the unfolding size of the skin;
according to the skin technological parameters and the position information, the machined part is manufactured into a semi-finished product containing a cooling channel through a machining and hot press molding method, and the method comprises the following steps:
according to the position information, a cooling channel is manufactured on the machined part in a machining mode, and the cooling channel is manufactured according to the preset inner diameter reserve of the channel in machining;
according to the skin technological parameters, the machined part with the cooling channel is manufactured into the semi-finished product by a hot press molding method;
and milling the semi-finished product, arranging a groove structure on the surface of the semi-finished product between the adjacent cooling channels to form a gap between the cooling channels, and obtaining the skin with the active cooling channel, wherein the gap is arranged between the adjacent cooling channels.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the work piece comprises an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, or a superalloy.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the workpiece is made of aluminum alloy, the hot press forming temperature is 300-350 ℃, and the upper die and the lower die moving speed is 1-10mm/s.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the workpiece is made of titanium alloy, the hot press forming temperature is 600 to 750 ℃, and the upper die and the lower die moving speed is 1 to 10mm/s.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the workpiece is made of high-temperature alloy, the hot-press forming temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the upper die and the lower die move speed is 1-10 mm/s.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the shape of the cooling channel comprises: round holes, oblong holes, straight holes or non-straight holes.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said determining a machined part based on the developed dimension of the skin, the method further comprises:
and determining whether the cooling channel is perpendicular to the end surface of the skin according to the externally input skin process parameters.
8. A skin processing apparatus with cooling channels for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: the system comprises machining equipment, hot-press forming equipment, milling equipment and a server;
the server is used for determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to skin process parameters input from the outside; determining a workpiece according to the unfolding size of the skin;
the machining equipment and the hot-press forming equipment process the workpiece into a semi-finished product;
and the semi-finished product is processed into a skin with a cooling channel, wherein a gap is formed between every two adjacent cooling channels by the milling equipment.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008035823A1 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-25 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Heat exchanger for the outer skin of an aircraft |
| DE102010051517A1 (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-16 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | An aircraft exterior skin heat exchanger, aircraft cooling system, and method of operating an aircraft exterior skin heat exchanger |
| DE102012111178A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | Matthias Broda | Biocompatible furniture panel and method for its production |
| CN105416563A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Embedded skin heat exchanger for airplane |
| US20190184646A1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-20 | Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. | System and method of constructing a thermoplastic component |
| CN109623265B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-09-11 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Precise machining method for complex thin-wall variable-thickness large opening cover |
| CN109848660B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2022-05-31 | 西安远航真空钎焊技术有限公司 | Preparation method of active cooling structure |
| CN110539138B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-07-28 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy lightweight active cooling structural skin |
| CN110527933B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-02-02 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Preparation method of titanium-based composite material thermal protection skin structure |
| CN111036951A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-21 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Skin deep hole machining method with active cooling channel |
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2021
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