CN112848567A - 高强度树脂基复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

高强度树脂基复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112848567A
CN112848567A CN202110017278.XA CN202110017278A CN112848567A CN 112848567 A CN112848567 A CN 112848567A CN 202110017278 A CN202110017278 A CN 202110017278A CN 112848567 A CN112848567 A CN 112848567A
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resin
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张宏建
杨皓
崔海涛
温卫东
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
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    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
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    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284Application of adhesive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0036Heat treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269Aromatic polyamide fibres

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将树脂基复合材料的原料高温充分熔化,将熔融状态的树脂基复合材料放入到成型模具中进行密封,使用抽空装置进行抽空压实操作,然后进行控温使其固化成型;对固化成型的树脂基复合材料进行控温,将数量合适的纤维丝通过钢针引导下,在缝纫机器的辅助下对树脂基复合材料进行上下缝纫式穿引;接着在该材料上下表面贴合复合阵列式纤维丝,并进行涂胶形成胶面层,随后将表皮层粘贴于胶面上,再将其固化,得到高强度树脂基复合材料。加强纤维丝和辅助纤维丝植入树脂基复合材料中,使得横向和纵向的拉力都得到非常大的加强,有效提升了树脂基复合材料的强度,得到高强度树脂基复合材料。

Description

高强度树脂基复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于新材料技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种高强度树脂基复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
树脂基复合材料具有非常好耐高温放热特点,应用于很多高端领域的设备制造。但是,目前的树脂基复合材料在强度上并不是非常好,例如其层间性能较弱容易产生分层,面内剪切强度较差等,如果能够进一步加强其强度,必定能够应用于更多的领域和场景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种高强度树脂基复合材料及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种高强度树脂基复合材料,包括基本层1,所述基本层中从上至下缝纫穿引有复数个加强纤维丝,所述基本层上下表面均设置有复数根辅助纤维丝,并且基本层上下表面还涂有胶面层,所述基本层上下表面通过胶面层固定粘贴有表皮层。
一种高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将树脂原料高温充分熔化,将熔融状态的树脂材料放入到成型模具中进行密封,使用抽空装置进行抽空压实操作,然后进行控温使其固化成型,得到固化成型的树脂基体;
步骤二,对步骤一中得到的固化成型的树脂基体进行控温,使其软化且不能发生无法恢复的形变,保持这样的状态,准备好纤维丝,将数量合适的纤维丝通过钢针引导下,在缝纫机器的辅助下对树脂基复合材料进行上下缝纫式穿引,得到半成品树脂基复合材料;
步骤三,将步骤二中得到的半成品树脂基复合材料上下表面贴合复合阵列式纤维丝,并进行涂胶形成胶面层,随后将树脂基复合材料固化形成的表皮层粘贴于胶面上;得到初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品;
步骤四,将步骤三中得到的初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品再放入控温室内进行升温,使得其整体表面呈现微熔化状态后停止升温,并进行降温处理,使得其达到固化,得到高强度树脂基复合材料成品。
进一步的,所述步骤二中对固化成型的树脂基复合材料进行控温的温度为60℃-120℃。
进一步的,所述步骤二中纤维丝为芳纶纤维丝。
进一步的,所述步骤三中复合阵列式纤维丝是由纤维单丝呈网状正交排列而成的。
进一步的,所述步骤四中将初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品再放入控温室内进行升温的温度为150℃-200℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
加强纤维丝和辅助纤维丝植入树脂基复合材料中,使得横向和纵向的拉力都得到非常大的加强,有效提升了树脂基复合材料的强度,生产出高强度树脂基复合材料。
附图说明
图1为高强度树脂基复合材料结构示意图。
图中:1-基本层;2-加强纤维丝;3-胶面层;4-表皮层。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图1所示,一种高强度树脂基复合材料,包括基本层1,所述基本层1中从上至下缝纫穿引有复数个加强纤维丝2,所述基本层1上下表面均设置有复数根辅助纤维丝,并且基本层1上下表面还涂有胶面层3,所述基本层1上下表面通过胶面层3固定粘贴有表皮层4。加强纤维丝2和辅助纤维丝植入树脂基复合材料中,使得横向和纵向的拉力都得到非常大的加强,有效提升了树脂基复合材料的强度,生产出高强度树脂基复合材料。
所述高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将树脂基复合材料的原料进行高温充分熔化,将熔融状态的树脂基复合材料放入到成型模具中进行密封,使用抽空装置进行抽空压实操作,然后进行控温使其进行固化成型,得到固化成型的树脂基复合材料;
步骤二、对步骤一中得到的固化成型的树脂基复合材料进行控温,使其软化且不能发生无法恢复的形变,保持这样的状态,准备好芳纶纤维丝,将数量合适的芳纶纤维丝通过钢针引导下,在缝纫机器的辅助下对树脂基复合材料进行上下缝纫式穿引,得到半成品树脂基复合材料。控温温度为60摄氏度到120摄氏度,这样的温度能够使得本材料达到一个较好的柔软度,适合钢针刺穿,顺利进行纤维丝穿引。
步骤三、将步骤二中得到的半成品树脂基复合材料上下表面进行贴合复合阵列式纤维丝,并进行涂胶形成胶面层3,随后将树脂基复合材料固化形成的表皮层4粘贴于胶面上;得到初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品;其中所述复合阵列式纤维丝是由纤维单丝呈网状正交排列而成的。
步骤四、将步骤三中得到的初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品再放入控温室内进行升温,温度控制在150摄氏度到200摄氏度,使得其整体表面呈现微熔化状态后停止升温,并进行降温处理,使得其达到固化,得到高强度树脂基复合材料成品。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专利的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述提示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明方案的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种高强度树脂基复合材料,其特征在于,包括基本层(1),所述基本层(1)中从上至下缝纫穿引有复数个加强纤维丝(2),所述基本层(1)上下表面均设置有复数根辅助纤维丝(2),并且基本层(1)上下表面还涂有胶面层(3),所述基本层(1)上下表面通过胶面层(3)固定粘贴有表皮层(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将树脂基复合材料的原料高温充分熔化,将熔融状态的树脂基复合材料放入到成型模具中进行密封,使用抽空装置进行抽空压实操作,然后进行控温使其固化成型,得到固化成型的树脂基复合材料;
步骤二,对步骤一中得到的固化成型的树脂基复合材料进行控温,使其软化且不能发生无法恢复的形变,保持这样的状态,准备好纤维丝(2),将数量合适的纤维丝(2)通过钢针引导下,在缝纫机器的辅助下对树脂基复合材料进行上下缝纫式穿引,得到半成品树脂基复合材料;
步骤三,将步骤二中得到的半成品树脂基复合材料上下表面贴合复合阵列式纤维丝,并进行涂胶形成胶面层(3),随后将树脂基复合材料固化形成的表皮层(4)粘贴于胶面上;得到初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品;
步骤四,将步骤三中得到的初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品再放入控温室内进行升温,使得其整体表面呈现微熔化状态后停止升温,并进行降温处理,使得其达到固化,得到高强度树脂基复合材料成品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中对固化成型的树脂基复合材料进行控温的温度为60℃-120℃。
4.根据权利要求2所述的高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中纤维丝(2)为芳纶纤维丝。
5.根据权利要求2所述的高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中复合阵列式纤维丝是由纤维单丝呈网状正交排列而成的。
6.根据权利要求2所述的高强度树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四中将初始形态的树脂基复合材料成品再放入控温室内进行升温的温度为150℃-200℃。
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20000018198A (ko) * 2000-01-19 2000-04-06 조문수 페놀 폼 샌드위치 판넬의 제조 방법
DE102004038559A1 (de) * 2004-08-06 2006-03-16 Schönebeck, Andreas von Sandwichkonstruktion von hoher Festigkeit und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO2010088063A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Mra Systems, Inc. Process for producing composite laminate structures and composite laminate structures formed thereby
CN112008989A (zh) * 2019-05-29 2020-12-01 空中客车德国运营有限责任公司 用纤维增强的泡沫芯制造构件或半成品的方法和系统

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20000018198A (ko) * 2000-01-19 2000-04-06 조문수 페놀 폼 샌드위치 판넬의 제조 방법
DE102004038559A1 (de) * 2004-08-06 2006-03-16 Schönebeck, Andreas von Sandwichkonstruktion von hoher Festigkeit und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO2010088063A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Mra Systems, Inc. Process for producing composite laminate structures and composite laminate structures formed thereby
CN112008989A (zh) * 2019-05-29 2020-12-01 空中客车德国运营有限责任公司 用纤维增强的泡沫芯制造构件或半成品的方法和系统

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