CN112782118A - Multichannel methane leakage optical remote measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Multichannel methane leakage optical remote measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
- G01N2021/392—Measuring reradiation, e.g. fluorescence, backscatter
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Abstract
The invention provides a multichannel methane leakage optical remote measuring device which comprises a scanning platform, an optical lead-in unit, an infrared spectrum acquisition system, a data transmission line, a Fabry-Perot interferometer, an infrared detector and a computer, wherein the scanning platform is used for scanning methane leakage; the scanning platform is provided with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor and is used for adjusting an elevation angle and an azimuth angle according to targets in different directions and different heights; the optical leading-in unit is used for synchronously acquiring a visible light image, an infrared spectrum and thermal imaging; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is used for receiving infrared spectrum data information in the optical lead-in unit and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry-Perot interferometer; the Fabry interferometer images the received infrared spectrum data information on an infrared detector, and performs spectrum processing by a computer after analog-to-digital conversion. The invention also provides a measuring method of the multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetering device. The method can quickly, flexibly and non-contact acquire the spatial distribution information of the methane leakage concentration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical remote sensing measurement, in particular to a multi-channel methane leakage optical remote measuring device and a measuring method.
Background
Methane is a flammable gas and can be burned or even exploded when exposed to open flame. Meanwhile, carbon monoxide may be generated due to incomplete combustion of methane, and after carbon monoxide is inhaled by a human body, the human body is extremely easy to be poisoned and coma, and more seriously, poisoning and death also occur. Therefore, it is important to identify methane leakage and the location of the leakage quickly and accurately, and it is more challenging to detect the leakage of the gas pipeline quickly and accurately.
Currently, methods for measuring methane leakage are mainly: "thermocatalytic combustion method", "thermal conductance element method" and "infrared measurement method". Among them, the supported catalytic element in the "thermocatalytic combustion method" has a fatal defect: only methane gas with the concentration of below 4 percent can be detected; when the gas concentration in the air exceeds 5%, the element is activated, resulting in permanent damage. The sensor in the thermal conductivity element method has great limitation on low concentration measurement, and less than 5 percent of methane cannot be measured; if it is used for a leak alarm, it will cause a large error. As for the infrared measurement method, taking an infrared methane analysis method as an example, the infrared measurement method adopts a physical principle, and analysis gas does not react with a sensor, so that the service life is long and can reach more than 10 years; the sensor can be used for low-concentration alarm of methane leakage and can also be used for measuring high-concentration methane components. However, the method needs sampling analysis, and lacks an efficient measuring and positioning means for outdoor pipeline leakage, especially for long-distance and large-range transmission pipelines.
Accordingly, there is an urgent need for an optical remote measuring device and a measuring method for methane leakage, which can rapidly, flexibly and non-contact acquire the spatial distribution information of methane leakage concentration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multichannel methane leakage optical remote measuring device and a measuring method, which can quickly, flexibly and non-contact acquire the spatial distribution information of methane leakage concentration.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a multichannel methane leakage optical telemetering device comprises a scanning platform, an optical lead-in unit, an infrared spectrum acquisition system, a data transmission line, a Fabry-Perot interferometer, an infrared detector and a computer; the scanning platform is a rotating platform provided with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor and is used for adjusting an elevation angle and an azimuth angle according to targets in different directions and different heights; the optical leading-in unit is arranged on the scanning platform and used for synchronously acquiring a visible light image, an infrared spectrum and thermal imaging; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged on the scanning platform and used for receiving infrared spectrum data information in the optical lead-in unit and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry-Perot interferometer through a data transmission line; the Fabry interferometer images the received infrared spectrum data information on an infrared detector, and performs spectrum processing by a computer after analog-to-digital conversion; in addition, the visible light image and the thermal imaging data information in the optical lead-in unit are also directly transmitted to a computer through a data transmission line for processing.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the optical lead-in unit is a three-channel coaxial integrated design and comprises an infrared spectrum lens, a visible light lens and a thermal infrared imager lens; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged at the tail end of the infrared spectrum lens, and an infrared filter, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and an infrared optical fiber are sequentially arranged along the light path of the infrared spectrum acquisition system.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the infrared optical fiber is wrapped in the data transmission line and is used for transmitting infrared spectrum data information to the fabry-perot interferometer; in addition, the data transmission line is internally wrapped with two beams of data lines which are respectively a first data line and a second data line; the first data line is used for connecting the visible light lens and a computer and transmitting visible light image information to the computer; the second data line is used for connecting the thermal infrared imager lens and the computer and transmitting thermal imaging information to the computer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the infrared filter, the collimating lens, and the focusing lens are all made of quartz material, and the infrared filter is specifically a 3.1-4 μm infrared filter.
As one of preferable modes of the invention, the invention further comprises a sealed constant temperature box; the Fabry-Perot interferometer, the infrared detector and the computer are all arranged in the sealed constant temperature box.
As one of preferable embodiments of the present invention, the fabry-perot interferometer is a high-precision tunable fabry-perot interferometer, and the control precision: . + -. 0.5nm/g, full width at half height: 55-70nm, spectral range: 3.1-4.4 um.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the scanning platform is a high-precision scanning platform, the horizontal scanning angle of the scanning platform ranges from-180 degrees to 180 degrees, the vertical scanning range ranges from 0 degree to 90 degrees, and the scanning precision is 0.05 degrees.
When the device is used, an infrared spectrum channel of the optical lead-in unit collects an infrared radiation spectrum of a target area in real time, a received signal is selected through modulation of a Fabry-Perot interferometer, absorption information of methane is obtained, and a methane concentration value is calculated; a thermal infrared imager channel of the optical lead-in unit obtains temperature information of a target area in real time; the visible light channel of the optical lead-in unit collects visible image information in real time; and the computer matches the obtained concentration, temperature and image information with the platform scanning angle information so as to obtain the spatial distribution information of methane leakage in the target area.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the computer is provided with a corresponding software system, and the software system can output the spatial distribution result and the position information of the concentration field in real time and return the result and the position information to the background control center in real time.
A method for measuring by using the multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetering device comprises the following steps:
s1, aligning the optical lead-in unit with a target, and adjusting the measurement range of the system through a visible light lens; after the optical lead-in unit determines the measurement range, scanning measurement is carried out according to the measurement requirement and the target characteristics, the measurement spectrums of the reference point and the target area are recorded, and processing is carried out through a computer;
s2, collecting the atmospheric infrared spectrum passing through the target area through an infrared spectrum lens, and obtaining the concentration information of the target area by applying a partial least square fitting method in combination with a reference spectrum measured outside the target area;
and S3, acquiring image information of the target area and temperature information obtained by the thermal infrared imager lens by using the visible light lens, and performing spatial matching on the concentration and the image of the target area to generate a spatial distribution image of the methane concentration so as to realize identification and positioning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the device has simple structure, small size and low cost, can perform fixed-point remote measurement on a target, and can also carry vehicle-mounted and unmanned aerial vehicle platforms to perform mobile remote measurement; (2) the system integrates the functions of visual image acquisition, infrared spectrum acquisition and infrared thermal imaging, acquires information such as pollutant concentration, temperature spatial distribution and the like under the condition of ensuring synchronous visual fields, can be applied to emergency monitoring of methane leakage and remote measurement evaluation research on emission sources, provides technical and data support for the treatment of pollution events and the evaluation of pollution levels by environmental protection departments, and can also be used for atmospheric chemical research and provides input parameters for atmospheric chemical models; (3) the optical lead-in unit in the structure is matched with a high-precision scanning platform for use, so that multi-angle and azimuth scanning can be realized, and more comprehensive and effective data information can be obtained conveniently; (4) the high-precision tunable Fabry-Perot interferometer in the structure is a key structure of the invention, and based on the matching of the structure and the group price of surrounding systems, the high-resolution infrared spectrum information of a target area can be rapidly obtained by the Fabry-Perot interferometer, so that the spatial distribution of methane concentration can be rapidly analyzed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of the multi-channel methane leak optical telemetry device in example 1.
In the figure: the system comprises a scanning platform 1, an optical leading-in unit 2, an infrared spectrum lens 21, a visible light lens 22, a thermal infrared imager lens 23, a data transmission line 3, a Fabry interferometer 4, a computer 5 and a sealed thermostat 6.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the multichannel methane leakage optical telemetry apparatus of the present embodiment includes a scanning platform 1, an optical lead-in unit 2, an infrared spectrum acquisition system (not shown), a data transmission line 3, a fabry-perot interferometer 4, an infrared detector (not shown), and a computer 5. The scanning platform 1 is a rotating platform equipped with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor, and is used for adjusting an elevation angle and an azimuth angle according to targets in different directions and at different heights. The optical lead-in unit 2 is arranged on the scanning platform 1, adopts a three-channel coaxial integrated design, comprises an infrared spectrum lens 21, a visible light lens 22 and a thermal infrared imager lens 23, and is used for synchronously acquiring infrared spectrum, visible light images and thermal imaging. The infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged on the scanning platform 1 and used for receiving infrared spectrum data information acquired by the infrared spectrum lens 21 in the optical lead-in unit 2 and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry-Perot interferometer 4 through the data transmission line 3. The Fabry interferometer 4 images the received infrared spectrum data information on an infrared detector, and performs spectrum processing by a computer 5 after analog-to-digital conversion. In addition, the visible light image and the thermal imaging data information in the optical lead-in unit 2 are also directly transmitted to the computer 5 through the data transmission line 3 for processing.
When the device is used, an infrared spectrum channel of the optical lead-in unit 2 collects an infrared radiation spectrum of a target area in real time, a received signal is modulated and selected through the Fabry-Perot interferometer 4, absorption information of methane is obtained, and a methane concentration value is calculated; acquiring temperature information of a target area in real time by an infrared thermal imager channel; the visible light channel collects visible image information in real time; and finally, the computer 5 matches the obtained concentration, temperature and image information with the platform scanning angle information, so as to obtain the spatial distribution information of methane leakage in the target area.
Specifically, the infrared spectrum collection system is arranged at the tail end of the infrared spectrum lens 21, and an infrared filter, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and an infrared optical fiber are sequentially arranged along the light path of the infrared spectrum collection system. Wherein, the infrared filter, the collimating lens and the focusing lens are all made of quartz materials, and the infrared filter is specifically a 3.1-4 μm infrared filter.
Specifically, the infrared optical fiber is wrapped in the data transmission line 3 and used for transmitting infrared spectrum data information to the fabry-perot interferometer 4. In addition, the data transmission line 3 is also internally wrapped with two data lines which are a first data line and a second data line respectively; the first data line is used for connecting the visible light lens 22 and the computer 5, and is used for transmitting visible light image information to the computer 5; the second data line is used for connecting the thermal infrared imager lens 23 and the computer 5 and transmitting thermal imaging information to the computer 5.
Specifically, in order to improve the measurement accuracy in the apparatus, the fabry-perot interferometer 4 of the present invention is a high-accuracy tunable fabry-perot interferometer, and the control accuracy is as follows: . + -. 0.5nm/g, full width at half height: 55-70nm, spectral range: 3.1-4.4 um. The scanning platform 1 is a high-precision scanning platform, the horizontal scanning angle of the scanning platform is in a range of-180 degrees, the vertical scanning range is 0-90 degrees, and the scanning precision is 0.05 degrees.
Specifically, the computer 5 of the device is also provided with a corresponding software system, and the software system can output the spatial distribution result and the position information of the concentration field in real time and return the result and the position information to the background control center in real time.
In addition, in order to conveniently protect the whole device, the device also comprises a sealing constant temperature box 6; the Fabry-Perot interferometer 4, the infrared detector and the computer 5 are all arranged in the sealed constant temperature box 6.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a method for measuring a multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device in embodiment 1 includes the following steps:
s1, aligning the optical lead-in unit 2 with a target, and adjusting the system measurement range through the visible light lens 22; after the optical lead-in unit 2 determines the measurement range, scanning measurement is carried out according to the measurement requirement and the target characteristics, the measurement spectrums of the reference point and the target area are recorded and processed through the computer 5;
s2, collecting the atmospheric infrared spectrum passing through the target area through the infrared spectrum lens 21, and obtaining the concentration information of the target area by applying a partial least square fitting method in combination with a reference spectrum measured outside the target area;
s3, collecting image information of the target area by using the visible light lens 22 and obtaining temperature information by using the thermal infrared imager lens 23, and then performing spatial matching on the concentration and the image of the target area, thereby generating a spatial distribution image of the methane concentration and realizing identification and positioning.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-channel methane leakage optical remote measuring device is characterized by comprising a scanning platform, an optical lead-in unit, an infrared spectrum acquisition system, a data transmission line, a Fabry-Perot interferometer, an infrared detector and a computer; the scanning platform is a rotating platform provided with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor and is used for adjusting an elevation angle and an azimuth angle according to targets in different directions and different heights; the optical leading-in unit is arranged on the scanning platform and used for synchronously acquiring a visible light image, an infrared spectrum and thermal imaging; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged on the scanning platform and used for receiving infrared spectrum data information in the optical lead-in unit and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry-Perot interferometer through a data transmission line; the Fabry interferometer images the received infrared spectrum data information on an infrared detector, and performs spectrum processing by a computer after analog-to-digital conversion; in addition, the visible light image and the thermal imaging data information in the optical lead-in unit are also directly transmitted to a computer through a data transmission line for processing.
2. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of claim 1, wherein the optical lead-in unit is of a three-channel coaxial integrated design and comprises an infrared spectrum lens, a visible light lens and a thermal infrared imager lens; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged at the tail end of the infrared spectrum lens, and an infrared filter, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and an infrared optical fiber are sequentially arranged along the light path of the infrared spectrum acquisition system.
3. The multi-channel methane leak optical telemetry device of claim 2, wherein the infrared optical fiber is wrapped within the data transmission line for transmitting infrared spectral data information to the fabry-perot interferometer; in addition, the data transmission line is internally wrapped with two beams of data lines which are respectively a first data line and a second data line; the first data line is used for connecting the visible light lens and a computer and transmitting visible light image information to the computer; the second data line is used for connecting the thermal infrared imager lens and the computer and transmitting thermal imaging information to the computer.
4. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of claim 2, wherein the infrared filter, the collimating lens and the focusing lens are all made of quartz materials, and the infrared filter is specifically a 3.1-4 μm infrared filter.
5. The multi-channel methane leak optical telemetry device of claim 1, further comprising a sealed incubator; the Fabry-Perot interferometer, the infrared detector and the computer are all arranged in the sealed constant temperature box.
6. The multi-channel methane leak optical telemetry device of claim 1, wherein the fabry-perot interferometer is a high-precision tunable fabry-perot interferometer, the control precision being: . + -. 0.5nm/g, full width at half height: 55-70nm, spectral range: 3.1-4.4 um.
7. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of claim 1, wherein the scanning platform is a high-precision scanning platform with a horizontal scanning angle ranging from-180 ° to 180 °, a vertical scanning range of 0 ° to 90 °, and a scanning precision of 0.05 °.
8. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein in use, an infrared spectrum channel of the optical lead-in unit collects an infrared radiation spectrum of a target region in real time, and a received signal is selected through Fabry-Perot interferometer modulation to obtain absorption information of methane, so that a methane concentration value is calculated; a thermal infrared imager channel of the optical lead-in unit obtains temperature information of a target area in real time; the visible light channel of the optical lead-in unit collects visible image information in real time; and the computer matches the obtained concentration, temperature and image information with the platform scanning angle information so as to obtain the spatial distribution information of methane leakage in the target area.
9. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of claim 8, wherein a corresponding software system is configured in the computer, and the software system can output the spatial distribution result and the position information of the concentration field in real time and transmit the result and the position information back to the background control center in real time.
10. A method of measuring a multi-channel methane leak optical telemetry device according to any of claims 1 to 9, including the steps of:
s1, aligning the optical lead-in unit with a target, and adjusting the measurement range of the system through a visible light lens; after the optical lead-in unit determines the measurement range, scanning measurement is carried out according to the measurement requirement and the target characteristics, the measurement spectrums of the reference point and the target area are recorded, and processing is carried out through a computer;
s2, collecting the atmospheric infrared spectrum passing through the target area through an infrared spectrum lens, and obtaining the concentration information of the target area by applying a partial least square fitting method in combination with a reference spectrum measured outside the target area;
and S3, acquiring image information of the target area and temperature information obtained by the thermal infrared imager lens by using the visible light lens, and performing spatial matching on the concentration and the image of the target area to generate a spatial distribution image of the methane concentration so as to realize identification and positioning.
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