CN112757886B - Double-clutch variable-speed motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device for electric automobile - Google Patents

Double-clutch variable-speed motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device for electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112757886B
CN112757886B CN202110088704.9A CN202110088704A CN112757886B CN 112757886 B CN112757886 B CN 112757886B CN 202110088704 A CN202110088704 A CN 202110088704A CN 112757886 B CN112757886 B CN 112757886B
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gear
clutch
transmission
shaft
flywheel
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CN112757886A (en
Inventor
李洪亮
范菲阳
储江伟
王钰明
邱将杰
韩天阳
孙万青
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Nantong University
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Nantong University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B60K17/165—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing provided between independent half axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/26—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, of type of freewheel device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-clutch variable-speed motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device for an electric automobile, and belongs to the field of automobile transmission. The planetary gear type power output mechanism comprises a motor, a double-clutch structure, a power output structure and a planetary gear structure, wherein a sun gear shaft of the planetary gear structure is in transmission connection with a low-gear clutch of the double-clutch structure, a gear ring is in transmission connection with a high-gear clutch of the double-clutch structure, and a planet carrier is in transmission connection with a main speed reducer of the power output mechanism; the planetary gear mechanism is characterized by also comprising a stepless speed change mechanism, wherein a gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism is in transmission connection with the stepless speed change mechanism through a first transmission mechanism, and a sun gear shaft is in transmission connection with the stepless speed change mechanism through a second transmission mechanism; the flywheel mechanism is in transmission connection with the stepless speed change mechanism through a third transmission mechanism; the brake system also comprises a gear ring brake and a sun gear brake. The device has small impact on transmission system parts in the gear shifting process, can effectively recover braking energy, and fully utilizes the energy stored in the flywheel.

Description

Double-clutch variable-speed motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device for electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile transmission, and particularly relates to a double-clutch variable-speed motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device for an electric automobile.
Background
Electric vehicles are mainly classified into pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles. Because the storage capacity of the existing vehicle power storage battery is small and the weight is large, the performance indexes of the vehicle power storage battery, such as specific energy, specific power and the like, are lower, and therefore the improvement of the driving range and the power performance of the electric vehicle is limited. Therefore, increasing the energy utilization of the electric vehicle and adopting the hybrid form are one of the main ways to improve the service performance of the vehicle. In the existing common electric automobile, the kinetic energy or the gravitational potential energy of the automobile can be converted into electric energy to be fed back and stored in the storage battery in the braking or downhill running process of the automobile. Statistics shows that the driving range of the electric automobile can be increased by 10% -15% by the method for recovering and storing the braking energy by the electric energy. In addition, the hybrid driving mode of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor is adopted, so that the fuel economy and the dynamic property of the automobile can be simultaneously optimized and improved under the condition that the power of the internal combustion engine of the automobile is small.
The above approach also has certain disadvantages: firstly, the improvement of the driving range is generally realized by increasing the number of the storage batteries to improve the capacity of the storage batteries under the limitation of technical performance indexes such as specific energy, specific power and the like of the storage batteries used by the electric automobile; but also leads to the increase of the mass of the whole vehicle, so that the rolling resistance and the gradient resistance of the running of the vehicle are increased, and the energy utilization efficiency of the storage battery and the acceleration performance of the vehicle are directly influenced. Secondly, when the electric automobile is in an acceleration or uphill running working condition, if the storage battery is the only energy source of the automobile, the storage battery is in a large-current discharging state; when the vehicle is frequently braked, the battery is also in a repeatedly charged and discharged state, which adversely affects the service life of the battery. Thirdly, when the automobile is braked emergently, the electric energy which is limited by the charging characteristic of the storage battery and is recycled and stored is limited, and the recycling rate is not high.
Through retrieval, the Chinese patent publication number: CN 102815198A; the publication date is as follows: 12 months and 12 days 2012; the hybrid electric vehicle driving system based on stepless speed change transmission comprises an internal combustion engine, a dual-mass flywheel, a planetary gear mechanism, a forward gear clutch, a reverse gear brake, a driving motor, a motor controller, a battery, a stepless speed change mechanism, a speed reducer mechanism and a differential mechanism assembly; the stepless speed change mechanism comprises a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel, a metal belt, an electric oil pump, a driving motor, a planetary gear mechanism, a forward gear clutch, a reverse gear brake, a speed reducer mechanism and a differential mechanism assembly which are integrated into a special hybrid stepless speed changer; the stepless speed change mechanism cancels a hydraulic torque converter, and the power of the internal combustion engine is transmitted to the stepless speed change mechanism through a dual-mass flywheel; and a driving motor is integrated on the driving pulley shaft, and an electric oil pump is adopted to provide pressure of a hydraulic system. Although the driving system of the application improves the energy utilization efficiency to some extent, the system of the application is complex in structure and the efficiency still needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the technical problems, the invention provides a driving transmission device of an electric automobile, which adopts a double-clutch structure and a planet wheel structure to carry out two-gear speed change and can couple the power generated by the stored energy of a motor and a flywheel.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dual clutch variable speed electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device, comprising:
the output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the connecting shaft;
the input end of the double-clutch structure is in transmission connection with the connecting shaft, and the double-clutch structure consists of a low-speed clutch outputting low speed and a high-speed clutch outputting high speed;
the power output structure consists of a main speed reducer, a differential mechanism, a half shaft and wheels, and the output power is transmitted to the wheels through the half shaft after passing through the main speed reducer and the differential mechanism;
further comprising:
the planet wheel structure is formed by matching and connecting a sun wheel shaft, a sun wheel fixedly sleeved on the sun wheel shaft, a planet gear, a planet carrier and a gear ring; the output end of the low-speed clutch is in transmission connection with the sun gear shaft; the output end of the high-speed gear clutch is in transmission connection with the gear ring; the main speed reducer is in transmission connection with the planet carrier;
the stepless speed change mechanism is formed by connecting a stepless speed change transmission belt, a stepless speed change driving belt wheel, a stepless speed change controller and a stepless speed change driven belt wheel in a matching way;
the flywheel mechanism stores or releases kinetic energy by utilizing a flywheel energy storage principle;
the first transmission mechanism is used for driving and connecting the gear ring with the stepless speed change driving belt wheel, and is provided with a first clutch which controls the separation or the connection of the first transmission mechanism;
the second transmission mechanism is used for driving and connecting the sun wheel shaft with the stepless speed change driving belt wheel, and a second clutch is arranged on the second transmission mechanism and used for controlling the separation or the connection of the second transmission mechanism;
the third transmission mechanism is used for driving and connecting the stepless speed change driven belt wheel with the flywheel mechanism, and a third clutch is arranged on the third transmission mechanism and used for controlling the separation or the connection of the third transmission mechanism;
a ring gear brake that restricts a rotational state of the ring gear;
and a sun gear brake that restricts a rotation state of the sun gear.
The dual clutch transmission of the electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention may be, alternatively,
the double clutch structure, the planetary wheel structure, the stepless speed change mechanism, the first transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism, the third transmission mechanism, the gear ring brake and the sun wheel brake are all arranged in the box body;
the motor is fixedly arranged at one end of the box body;
the flywheel mechanism is fixedly arranged at the other end of the box body.
According to the motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device of the double-clutch variable-speed electric automobile, optionally, a gear eight is sleeved on the outer side of a gear ring of the planetary gear structure and rotates synchronously with the gear ring;
the first transmission mechanism includes:
the first gear is meshed with the eighth gear;
one end of the first clutch is fixedly connected with the first gear;
and the first supporting shaft is in transmission connection with the other end of the first clutch and is in coaxial transmission connection with the stepless speed change driving belt wheel.
According to the motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device of the double-clutch variable-speed electric automobile, optionally, a gear five is mounted on a sun wheel shaft of the planetary wheel structure and rotates synchronously with the sun wheel shaft;
the second transmission mechanism includes:
a second gear meshed with the fifth gear;
one end of the second clutch is fixedly connected with the second gear;
the second supporting shaft is in transmission connection with the other end of the second clutch;
a fourth gear which is arranged on the second supporting shaft and rotates synchronously with the second supporting shaft;
and the third gear is arranged on the first supporting shaft and rotates together with the first supporting shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear.
According to the electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device with double clutch speed change of the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the flywheel mechanism comprises:
a magnetic gear shaft;
two large magnetic gears are arranged on the magnetic gear shaft in parallel;
two flywheel shafts which are parallel to the magnetic gear shaft and are respectively arranged at two sides of the magnetic gear shaft;
two flywheels which are respectively arranged on each flywheel shaft;
two pairs of small magnetic gears are provided, and each pair of small magnetic gears are respectively arranged at two ends of a flywheel shaft;
the first permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on the small magnetic gear;
the permanent magnet II is fixedly arranged on the large magnetic gear;
all components of the flywheel mechanism are arranged in the flywheel box.
According to the dual clutch variable speed electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device of the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the third transmission mechanism comprises:
the transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the stepless speed change driven belt wheel in a transmission way;
and one end of the third clutch is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, and the other end of the third clutch is fixedly connected with the magnetic gear shaft.
According to the dual-clutch variable-speed electric automobile motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the gear ring brake and the sun wheel brake are both electromagnetic brakes.
According to the motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device of the double-clutch variable-speed electric automobile, optionally, a seventh gear is coaxially mounted on a planet carrier of the planetary gear structure and rotates synchronously with the planet carrier, and the seventh gear is meshed with a sixth gear of a main speed reducer.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the dual-clutch variable-speed electric automobile motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device at least has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, by adopting the device, the working states of small impact on transmission system parts, smooth running and unpowered interrupted gear shifting in the gear shifting process can be achieved; secondly, the automobile braking energy can adopt two utilization modes of flywheel energy storage or power generation and recovery; thirdly, the flywheel and the motor which store the energy can drive the vehicle in a hybrid power mode, so that the output power of the vehicle is improved; fourthly, after the vehicle is stopped, the residual energy stored by the flywheel is charged to the storage battery to be fully utilized by enabling the motor to be in a power generation running state; fifth, the device of the invention has compact and light structure and simple transmission operation, and can effectively solve the problems that the traditional electric vehicle has single driving energy, large mass of the energy storage unit and cannot efficiently utilize energy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting on the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a dual clutch variable speed electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of a second permanent magnet on the large magnetic gear;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of permanent magnets on the pinion gear of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. a motor; 2. a first flange plate; 3. a connecting shaft; 4. a first bearing; 5. a dual clutch arrangement; 6. a low-speed clutch; 7. a high-speed clutch; 8. a second bearing; 9. a sun gear shaft; 10. a ring gear; 11. a gear ring brake; 12. a third bearing; 13. a first gear; 14. a first clutch; 15. a first supporting shaft; 16. a bearing IV; 17. a second gear; 18. a second clutch; 19. a third gear; 20. a fifth bearing; 21. a continuously variable transmission belt; 22. a continuously variable drive pulley; 23. a stepless speed change controller; 24. a continuously variable driven pulley; 25. a sixth bearing; 26. a drive shaft; 27. a third clutch; 28. a large magnetic gear; 29. a flywheel; 30. a flywheel shaft; 31. a small magnetic gear; 32. a flywheel housing; 33. a seventh bearing; 34. a first permanent magnet; 35. a permanent magnet II; 36. eighthly, a bearing; 37. a bearing nine; 38. a magnetic gear shaft; 39. ten bearings; 40. a second flange plate; 41. eleven bearings; 42. a fourth gear; 43. a second supporting shaft; 44. a sun gear brake; 45. a bearing twelve; 46. a fifth gear; 47. a differential mechanism; 48. a sixth gear; 49. a main reducer; 50. a third supporting shaft; 51. thirteen bearings; 52. a seventh gear; 53. eighth gear; 54. a planetary gear; 55. a sun gear; 56. a planet carrier; 57. a box body; 58. a half shaft; 59. and (7) wheels.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like used in the specification and the claims of the present application are only relative positional relationships with reference to the selected drawing view, and are not intended to be limiting in terms of absolute positional directions.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in the dual clutch speed change electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device of the present embodiment, a motor 1 is connected to one end of a box 57 through a flange plate one 2, and is fixed through a bolt structure, an output shaft of the motor 1 is in transmission connection with a connecting shaft 3 through a key connection manner, so that power of the output shaft can be transmitted to the connecting shaft 3 after the motor 1 is started, the connecting shaft 3 is supported and positioned at one end in the box 57 through a bearing one 4, the connecting shaft 3 is in transmission connection with an input end of a dual clutch structure 5, the dual clutch structure 5 is a mature technical structure, and the structural principle of the dual clutch structure 5 adopted in the present embodiment is the same as the corresponding structure in the prior art; the double clutch structure 5 and a sun wheel shaft 9 of the planet wheel structure are coaxially arranged and are supported and positioned on the sun wheel shaft 9 through a bearing II 8, wherein the low-speed gear clutch 6 for outputting low speed is in transmission connection with the sun wheel shaft 9 of the planet wheel structure, and the high-speed gear clutch 7 for outputting high speed is in transmission connection with a gear ring 10 of the planet wheel structure.
The planetary gear structure of the embodiment has the same composition principle as the existing planetary gear train, and comprises a sun gear shaft 9, a sun gear 55 fixedly sleeved on the sun gear shaft 9, a gear ring 10 coaxially arranged on the sun gear shaft 9, gear teeth arranged on the inner wall of the gear ring 10, a planet carrier 56 positioned in the gear ring 10 and coaxially arranged on the sun gear shaft 9, and a plurality of planetary gears 54 rotatably arranged on the planet carrier 56 and respectively meshed with the sun gear 55 and the gear ring 10; one end of the sun wheel shaft 9 is supported in the connecting shaft 3 through a bearing structure, the other end of the sun wheel shaft 9 is supported and installed on the box body 57 through a bearing twelve 45, a sun wheel brake 44 is installed on the end part of the other end of the sun wheel shaft 9, and the sun wheel brake 44 limits the rotation of the sun wheel shaft 9 through contact so as to achieve the purpose of locking the sun wheel 55; a gear ring brake 11 is arranged on one side of the outer edge of the gear ring 10, and the gear ring brake 11 achieves the purpose of locking the gear ring 10 through contact limiting; a gear eight 53 is sleeved and mounted on the other side of the outer edge of the gear ring 10, the gear eight 53 can be a gear ring structure with gear teeth on the outer side and keeps synchronous rotation with the gear ring 10, and the gear eight 53 is used for meshing transmission with a gear one 13 of the first transmission mechanism; one end of the planet carrier 56 is supported and mounted on the sun gear shaft 9 through a bearing structure, the other end of the planet carrier 56 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the seventh gear 52, the seventh gear 52 and the planet carrier 56 rotate synchronously, and the seventh gear 52 is used for meshing transmission with the main speed reducer 49.
The power output structure is a structure which is arranged on the existing electric automobile and has the function of reducing the speed of electric power, flywheel power or hybrid power and the like through a main speed reducer 49, transmitting the power to a half shaft 58 through a differential 47, and then transmitting the power to wheels 59 for output.
The stepless speed change mechanism has the same structural principle composition as the existing stepless speed change mechanism, but the stepless speed change mechanism is different from other structural combinations in transmission connection with the stepless speed change mechanism, the stepless speed change mechanism of the embodiment comprises a stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22 and a stepless speed change driven belt wheel 24 which are in transmission connection with a stepless speed change transmission belt 21, a stepless speed change controller 23 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22, the stepless speed change mechanism of the embodiment, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism and a third transmission mechanism are in clutch connection, and under the clutch connection conditions of different gears, the optimal state of the power generation process by utilizing flywheel energy can be obtained by adjusting the transmission ratio of the stepless speed change mechanism.
The first transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the power of the gear ring 10 to the stepless speed change driving belt pulley 22 and controlling the transmission or disconnection of the transmission through the first clutch 14, the first transmission mechanism comprises a first gear 13, the first clutch 14 and a first supporting shaft 15, two ends of the first supporting shaft 15 are supported and installed on the box body 57 through a third bearing 12 and a fifth bearing 20, and one end of the first supporting shaft 15 is coaxially connected with the stepless speed change driving belt pulley 22 in a transmission way; the first gear 13 is coaxially mounted on the first supporting shaft 15 through a bearing structure, the first gear 13 is meshed with the eighth gear 53, the first gear 13 is fixedly connected with one end of the first clutch 14, the other end of the first clutch 14 is fixedly connected with the first supporting shaft 15, when the first clutch 14 is not engaged, the first gear 13 does not synchronously rotate with the first supporting shaft 15, and when the first clutch 14 is engaged, the first gear 13 synchronously rotates with the first supporting shaft 15.
The function of the second transmission is to transmit the power of the sun wheel shaft 9 to the continuously variable drive pulley 22, the second clutch 18 is used for controlling the transmission or the disconnection of the transmission, the second transmission mechanism comprises a second gear 17, the second clutch 18, a second supporting shaft 43, a fourth gear 42 and a third gear 19, two ends of the second supporting shaft 43 are supported and installed on the box body 57 through a fourth bearing 16 and an eleventh bearing 41, a fifth gear 46 is fixedly arranged on the sun wheel shaft 9 of the planet wheel structure, a second gear 17 is coaxially arranged on a second supporting shaft 43 through a bearing structure, the second gear 17 is meshed with the fifth gear 46, the second gear 17 is fixedly connected with one end of the second clutch 18, the other end of the second clutch 18 is fixedly connected with the second supporting shaft 43, when the second clutch 18 is not engaged, the second gear 17 does not synchronously rotate with the second supporting shaft 43, and when the second clutch 18 is engaged, the second gear 17 synchronously rotates with the second supporting shaft 43; a gear wheel four 42 is fixedly and coaxially mounted on the supporting shaft two 43, a gear wheel three 19 is fixedly and coaxially mounted on the corresponding position on the supporting shaft one 15, and the gear wheel four 42 is meshed with the gear wheel three 19, so that power is transmitted to the continuously variable driving pulley 22.
The flywheel mechanism is mature in technology and can adopt a structural form capable of storing energy of a flywheel in the prior art, the embodiment shows a flywheel mechanism with a structural form, and the flywheel mechanism comprises a magnetic gear shaft 38, a large magnetic gear 28, a flywheel shaft 30, a flywheel 29, a small magnetic gear 31, a first permanent magnet 34 and a second permanent magnet 35, wherein the magnetic gear shaft 38 and a stepless speed change driven pulley 24 are coaxially arranged, and two ends of the magnetic gear shaft 38 are supported and installed in a flywheel box 32 through a bearing ten 39 and a bearing seven 33; two large magnetic gears 28 are respectively and fixedly arranged at two ends of the magnetic gear shaft 38 in a coaxial way; two flywheel shafts 30 are arranged in parallel with the magnetic gear shaft 38 and distributed on two sides of the magnetic gear shaft 38, and the flywheel shafts 30 are supported and installed in the flywheel box 32 through a bearing eight 36 and a bearing nine 37; two flywheels 29 are arranged and are fixedly and coaxially arranged in the middle of the flywheel shaft 30; four small magnetic gears 31 are provided, and one pair of small magnetic gears is fixed at the end part of the flywheel shaft 30; a second permanent magnet 35 is fixedly arranged on the large magnetic gear 28, and a first permanent magnet 34 is fixedly arranged on the small magnetic gear 31; the number ratio of the first permanent magnet 34 to the second permanent magnet 35 is the transmission ratio of the flywheel mechanism, and the magnetic transmission realizes power transmission by the magnetic coupling of the second permanent magnet 35 fixed on the large magnetic gear 28 and the first permanent magnet 34 fixed on the small magnetic gear 31; further, a first permanent magnet 34 is embedded on the surface of the small magnetic gear 31, and the number of the first permanent magnets 34 is one, as shown in fig. 3; the second permanent magnets 35 are embedded on the surface of the large magnetic gear 28, the number of the second permanent magnets 35 is eight, the second permanent magnets are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the large magnetic gear 28 and are uniformly arranged in sequence according to the alternating sequence of the N pole and the S pole, and the structure is shown in FIG. 2; all components of the flywheel mechanism are arranged in the flywheel box 32, and the flywheel box 32 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the box body 57 through a second flange plate 40.
The third transmission mechanism is used for realizing the transmission between the stepless speed change driven belt wheel 24 and the flywheel mechanism, the third transmission mechanism comprises a transmission shaft 26 and a third clutch 27, the transmission shaft 26 is coaxially connected with the stepless speed change driven belt wheel 24 in a transmission way, the transmission shaft 26 is supported and fixed in a box body 57 through a bearing six 25, one end of the transmission shaft 26 is coaxially fixed with the stepless speed change driven belt wheel 24, the other end of the transmission shaft 26 is fixed with one end of the third clutch 27, and the other end of the third clutch 27 is fixedly connected with a magnetic gear shaft 38 of the flywheel mechanism.
The sun gear brake 44 of the embodiment adopts an electromagnetic brake, the stator of the sun gear brake 44 is fixedly connected with the box body 57, and the friction plate of the sun gear brake 44 is fixedly connected with the sun gear shaft 9 through a flat key and rotates together with the sun gear shaft 9; the gear ring brake 11 of the present embodiment also adopts an electromagnetic brake, the stator of the gear ring brake 11 is fixedly connected with the case 57, and the friction plate of the gear ring brake 11 is fixedly connected with the gear ring 10 and rotates together with the gear ring 10.
The double clutch structure 5, the planetary gear structure, the stepless speed change mechanism, the first transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism, the third transmission mechanism, the gear ring brake 11 and the sun gear brake 44 of the embodiment are all installed in the box body 57, as seen from the perspective of fig. 1, from left to right, the connecting shaft 3 is located at the left end in the box body 57, the double clutch structure 5 is located at the right side of the connecting shaft 3, the planetary gear structure is located at the right side of the double clutch structure 5, the first transmission mechanism is arranged above the gear ring 10 of the planetary gear structure, extends rightwards and is connected with the stepless speed change mechanism, the stepless speed change mechanism is located at the right end in the box body 57, a seventh gear 52 is fixed at the right end of a planetary gear structure planet carrier 56, and the main speed reducer 49 is located below the seventh gear 52; a gear fifth 46 is fixed at the right end of the sun gear shaft 9, a second transmission mechanism is arranged above the gear fifth 46, the second transmission mechanism is arranged between the gear fifth 46 and the first transmission mechanism, and the second transmission mechanism is arranged at the left side of the stepless speed change mechanism; the ring gear brake 11 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the ring gear 10, and the sun gear brake 44 is disposed on the right end of the sun gear shaft 9. Each mechanism position structure sets up rationally in this embodiment box 57, and the overall arrangement is compact, can effectively make full use of box 57 inner space, and the position overall arrangement of each structural style cooperation this embodiment of this application is light and the interior limited installation space of saving car.
Example 2
The embodiment shows different power transmission modes of an electric automobile using the device.
Power transmission route with one-pure-electric-drive double-clutch variable-speed mode
In this mode, the third clutch 27 is disengaged, and both the freewheel mechanism and the continuously variable transmission mechanism are not operated.
(1) Low gear, low gear clutch 6 engaged, high gear clutch 7 disengaged, sun brake 44 disengaged, ring brake 11 engaged, first clutch 14 disengaged, second clutch 18 disengaged; the power output by the motor 1 drives the low-speed clutch 6, the sun gear shaft 9 connected with the low-speed clutch and the sun gear 55 arranged on the sun gear shaft 9 to rotate together through the connecting shaft 3 and the double clutch structure 5, the sun gear 55 is in meshed transmission with the planetary gear 54 to drive the planet carrier 56 to rotate, the gear seven 52 connected with the planet carrier 56 into a whole is in meshed transmission with the gear six 48 to drive the main speed reducer 49 and the differential 47, and the half shaft 58 is driven to drive the vehicle 59 to rotate.
In this mode, the motor 1 operates in a motor mode, outputting vehicle driving force, the ring gear 10 in the planetary gear structure is locked, the sun gear 55 is used as power input, and the planet carrier 56 is used as power output; in low gear, the rotation speed of the planet carrier 56 is lower than that of the sun gear 55, and the reduction transmission ratio is greater than 1, so that the vehicle is in a low-speed running mode under the same rotation speed condition of the motor 1.
(2) High, low clutch 6 disengaged, high clutch 7 engaged, sun brake 44 engaged, ring brake 11 disengaged, first clutch 14 disengaged, second clutch 18 disengaged; the power output by the motor 1 drives the high-speed clutch 7 and the gear ring 10 connected with the high-speed clutch to rotate through the connecting shaft 3 and the double-clutch structure 5, the gear ring 10 is in meshing transmission with the planetary gear 54 to drive the planetary carrier 56 to rotate, the gear seven 52 connected with the planetary carrier 56 is in meshing transmission with the gear six 48 to drive the main speed reducer 49 and the differential 47, and the half shaft 58 is driven to drive the vehicle 59 to rotate.
In this mode, the motor 1 operates in a motor mode, outputting vehicle driving force, the sun gear 55 in the planetary gear structure is locked, the ring gear 10 is used as power input, and the planet carrier 56 is used as power output; in high gear, the speed of the planet carrier 56 is lower than that of the ring gear 10, the reduction transmission ratio is equal to 1 approximately, and therefore, the vehicle is in a high-speed running mode under the same motor speed condition.
(3) And in a reverse gear, the motor 1 runs in a motor mode to output vehicle driving force, and the vehicle reverse mode can be realized in a low-speed gear or a high-speed gear as long as the rotation direction of the motor is changed.
Power transmission route adopting two-motor-flywheel hybrid driving mode
(1) The low-speed clutch 6 is engaged, the high-speed clutch 7 is disengaged, the sun brake 44 is disengaged, the ring gear brake 11 is also disengaged, the first clutch 14 is engaged, the second clutch 18 is disengaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and the driving force of the wheels 59 comes from two power transmission paths:
in the first power transmission route, the power output by the motor 1 drives the double clutch structure 5 through the connecting shaft 3 to drive the low-speed clutch 6, the sun gear shaft 9 connected with the low-speed clutch and the sun gear 55 arranged on the sun gear shaft 9 to rotate together, and the sun gear 55 is meshed with the planetary gear 54 for transmission to drive the planet carrier 56 to rotate;
in the second power transmission path, the flywheel 29 with rotational kinetic energy drives the small magnetic gear 31 to drive the large magnetic gear 28 in a magnetic transmission mode, the stepless speed change driven pulley 24 of the stepless speed change mechanism is driven by the third clutch 27, the stepless speed change driving pulley 22 is driven by the stepless speed change transmission belt 21, the first clutch 14 which is coaxially arranged with the stepless speed change driving pulley 22 is jointed, the gear ring 10 is driven to rotate by the first gear 13 and the eight gear 53 which is meshed with the first gear, and the gear ring 10 is meshed with the planetary gear 54 to drive the planet carrier 56 to rotate;
the power transmitted by the two power transmission lines is coupled at the planet carrier 56, and drives the wheels 59 to rotate after passing through the main speed reducer 49, the differential 47 and the half shaft 58.
By utilizing the transmission characteristic of the planetary gear structure, the power output by the motor 1 is input as power through the sun gear 55, the power output by the flywheel mechanism is input as power through the gear ring 10, and the power is mixed in the planetary gear structure and then output by the planet carrier 56. Since the power output from the motor 1 to the sun gear 55 can be adjusted by the driver, and the power input from the flywheel mechanism to the gear ring 10 is determined by the energy storage state of the flywheel mechanism and the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism, when the energy stored in the flywheel is used as the energy supply of the power system, the output requirement of the vehicle hybrid is controlled by adjusting the power output of the motor 1 and the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism.
(2) The high gear, the low gear clutch 6 is disengaged, the high gear clutch 7 is engaged, the sun brake 44 is disengaged, the ring gear brake 11 is disengaged, the first clutch 14 is disengaged, the second clutch 18 is engaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and the driving force of the wheels comes from two power transmission paths:
first power transmission route: the power output by the motor 1 drives the double-clutch structure 5 through the connecting shaft 3 to drive the high-speed clutch 7 and the gear ring 10 connected with the high-speed clutch into a whole, and the gear ring 10 is in meshing transmission with the planetary gear 54 to drive the planet carrier 56 to rotate;
the second power transmission route: the flywheel 29 with rotary energy drives the small magnetic gear 31 to drive the large magnetic gear 28 in a magnetic transmission mode, drives the stepless speed change driven belt pulley 24 of the stepless speed change mechanism through the third clutch 27, drives the stepless speed change driving belt pulley 22 through the stepless speed change transmission belt 21, and drives the gear III 19 coaxially arranged with the stepless speed change driving belt pulley 22 to be meshed with the gear IV 42, drives the second clutch 18 and the gear II 17 coaxially arranged with the gear IV 42, drives the gear V46 meshed with the gear II 17, and the gear V46 is coaxially connected with the sun gear shaft 9 to drive the sun gear 55 to rotate, and drives the sun gear 55 to be meshed with the planetary gear 54 to drive the planet carrier 56 to rotate;
the power transmitted by the two power transmission lines is coupled at the planet carrier 56, and drives the wheels 59 to rotate after passing through the main speed reducer 49, the differential 47 and the half shaft 58.
In different gears, the power output by the flywheel 29 and the motor 1 can be controlled in energy degree by adjusting the transmission ratio of the stepless speed change transmission mechanism through the stepless speed change controller 23 so as to obtain the optimal energy output state.
Third, flywheel energy storage mode power transmission route
The flywheel mechanism can be used as one of auxiliary power sources of the vehicle by utilizing the energy storage characteristic that the flywheel mechanism can rapidly store mechanical energy, when the power of a main power device such as a motor 1 is small, the auxiliary power of the vehicle is output after being coupled with the main power, and the starting acceleration power performance of the vehicle can be effectively improved.
(1) When the vehicle is parked, the flywheel can be stored in two ways of engaging the low-speed clutch 6 or the high-speed clutch 7:
a. low-regime clutch 6 engagement, with the carrier 56 braked as the vehicle is at rest; the low-speed clutch 6 is engaged, the high-speed clutch 7 is disengaged, the sun gear brake 44 is disengaged, the gear ring brake 11 is engaged, the first clutch 14 is disengaged, the second clutch 18 is engaged, and the third clutch 27 is engaged, at this time, the power transmission route in the flywheel energy storage process is that the motor 1 drives the double clutch structure 5 through the connecting shaft 3 to drive the low-speed clutch 6 connected with the sun gear 55 to rotate, meanwhile, the gear five 46 on the sun gear shaft 9 drives the gear two 17 to drive the stepless speed change driving pulley 22 to rotate through the second clutch 18, the gear four 42 and the gear three 19, the stepless speed change driving pulley 22 drives the stepless speed change driven pulley 24 through the stepless speed change transmission belt 21, the magnetic transmission large magnetic gear 28 is driven through the third clutch 27, and the small magnetic gear 31 is driven through magnetic coupling to accelerate and store energy in the coaxially installed flywheel 29;
b. the engagement mode of the high-speed clutch 7 is that the vehicle is in a parking state, the planet carrier 56 is braked, the low-speed clutch 6 is separated, the high-speed clutch 7 is engaged, the sun gear brake 44 is braked, the ring gear brake 11 is separated, the first clutch 14 is engaged, the second clutch 18 is separated, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and at the moment, the power transmission route of the flywheel energy storage process is as follows: the motor 1 drives the double clutch structure 5 through the connecting shaft 3, drives the gear ring 10 connected with the high-speed gear clutch 7 into a whole to rotate, the gear eight 53 integrated with the gear ring 10 drives the gear one 13, enables the first clutch 14 coaxially connected with the gear one 13 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22 coaxially connected with the first clutch 14 to rotate, the stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22 drives the stepless speed change driven belt wheel 24 through the stepless speed change driving belt 21, the magnetic transmission big magnetic gear 28 is driven through the third clutch 27, and the magnetic coupling drives the small magnetic gear 31 to accelerate and store energy of the flywheel 29 coaxially installed.
(2) When the vehicle runs, and when the energy storage state of the flywheel 29 is lower than a set threshold value in the running state of the vehicle, according to the gear selected during the running of the vehicle, under the condition that the power reserve which can be output by the motor 1 is sufficient, the second clutch 18 is engaged or the first clutch 14 is engaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and partial energy output by the motor 1 can be transmitted to the flywheel 29 through the continuously variable transmission mechanism for energy storage:
a. in low-speed operation, the second clutch 18 is engaged, the first clutch 14 is disengaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and the power transmission route of the flywheel energy storage process is as follows: the motor 1 drives the double clutch structure 5 through the connecting shaft 3 and drives the low-speed clutch 6 connected with the sun gear 55 to rotate, meanwhile, the gear five 46 on the sun gear shaft 9 drives the gear two 17, and the stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22 coaxially connected with the gear five is driven through the second clutch 18; the stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22 drives a stepless speed change driven belt wheel 24 through a stepless speed change transmission belt 21, a magnetic transmission big magnetic gear 28 is driven through a third clutch 27, and a magnetic coupling drives a small magnetic gear 31 to accelerate and store energy of a flywheel 29 which is coaxially arranged;
b. when the high-speed gear runs, the first clutch 14 is engaged, the second clutch 18 is disengaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and the power transmission route of the flywheel energy storage process is as follows: the motor 1 drives the double clutch structure 5 through the connecting shaft 3 to drive the gear ring 10 connected with the high-speed gear clutch 7 into a whole to rotate, the gear eight 53 integrated with the gear ring 10 drives the gear I13 to drive the first clutch 14 coaxially connected with the gear I13 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22 coaxially connected with the first clutch 14; the stepless speed change driving belt wheel 22 drives a stepless speed change driven belt wheel 24 through a stepless speed change transmission belt 21, a magnetic transmission big magnetic gear 28 is driven through a third clutch 27, and a magnetic coupling drives a small magnetic gear 31 to accelerate and store energy of a flywheel 29 which is coaxially arranged;
the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism can be adjusted by the continuously variable controller 23 under different vehicle running states or gears, so that the energy storage process of the flywheel 29 can be in an optimal state.
(3) When the vehicle is in a low-speed gear or a high-speed gear during sliding and decelerating, firstly, the power supply to the motor 1 is stopped, the brake pedal is not stepped on, the low-speed clutch 6 and the high-speed clutch 7 are separated, the sun gear brake 44 and the gear ring brake 11 are separated, and the first clutch 14 and the second clutch 18 are also separated; at this time, the kinetic energy of the vehicle cannot be transmitted from the wheels 59 to the flywheel 29 via the transmission mechanisms such as the half shaft 58 and the differential 47 to recover the stored energy or perform electric braking, and all of the kinetic energy can be used for driving the vehicle to slide.
(4) During braking, the braking system is divided into a system under the condition of a low-speed gear and a braking system under the condition of a high-speed gear:
a. low-speed braking, the motor 1 is powered off and the brake pedal is depressed, at the same time, the low-speed clutch 6 is disengaged, the sun brake 44 is disengaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, the second clutch 18 is engaged, the first clutch 14 is disengaged, and the ring gear brake 11 is engaged; the kinetic energy of the vehicle is transmitted to a seventh gear 52 through wheels 59, half shafts 58, a differential 47 and a sixth gear 48, and is transmitted to a sun gear 55 through a planet carrier 56 and a planet gear 54, the sun gear 55 drives a fifth gear 46 on a sun gear shaft 9 to drive a second gear 17, the second clutch 18 drives a stepless speed change driving pulley 22 which is coaxially connected with the second gear, the stepless speed change driving pulley 22 drives a stepless speed change driven pulley 24 through a stepless speed change transmission belt 21, the third clutch 27 drives a magnetic transmission large magnetic gear 28, the magnetic coupling drives a small magnetic gear 31 to accelerate and store the coaxially arranged flywheel 29, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the flywheel 29 to be recovered and stored, and the vehicle is decelerated;
b. braking in high gear, powering off the motor 1 and depressing the brake pedal, simultaneously disengaging the high-gear clutch 7, engaging the first clutch 14, engaging the sun brake 44, engaging the third clutch 27, disengaging the second clutch 18, disengaging the ring gear brake 11, transmitting the vehicle kinetic energy to the seventh gear 52 through the wheels 59, the half shaft 58, the differential 47 and the sixth gear 48, transmitting the kinetic energy to the ring gear 10 through the planet carrier 56 and the planet gear 54, driving the first gear 13 through the eight gear 53 integrated with the ring gear 10 and rotating the first clutch 14 coaxially connected with the first gear 13, simultaneously driving the stepless speed change driving pulley 22 coaxially connected with the first clutch 14 to rotate, driving the stepless speed change driven pulley 24 through the stepless speed change driving belt 21 by the stepless speed change driving pulley 22, driving the large magnetic gear 28 through the third clutch 27, accelerating and storing energy by driving the small magnetic gear 31 through magnetic coupling, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the flywheel 29 to be recovered and stored, and the vehicle is decelerated;
in the different gears, when the brake pedal is pressed and the motor 1 is in the generator working mode, the low-gear clutch 6 is engaged and the second clutch 18 is disengaged, or the high-gear clutch 7 is engaged and the first clutch 14 is disengaged, the energy recovery working state of the power generation brake is entered. In different gears, the energy utilization process of the flywheel 29 can be in an optimal state by adjusting the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism through the continuously variable controller 23.
The general process of vehicle braking is that the kinetic energy that has through the frictional force conversion that wheel brake produced with the kinetic energy that vehicle motion state has dissipates to heat energy, leads to the kinetic energy that the vehicle has not obtained abundant utilization, through the device of this application, under the braking of the different states of vehicle, the adaptability cooperation of each clutch, stopper can utilize the energy storage characteristic of flywheel to carry out the recovery of vehicle braking energy in braking process to have the effect of supplementary braking speed reduction.
(5) If the flywheel 29 is still rotating after the vehicle is stopped, that is, if the flywheel 29 still has residual energy, if the motor 1 is in the generator working state, the generator can be driven to operate by the energy stored in the flywheel 29, and since the vehicle is in the stationary state, which is equivalent to the planetary carrier 56 being fixed, the flywheel energy storage can be performed by controlling the engagement of the low-gear clutch 6 or the high-gear clutch 7:
a. the power transmission route of the process that the low-speed clutch 6 is engaged, the high-speed clutch 7 is disengaged, the sun gear brake 44 is disengaged, the ring gear brake 11 is engaged, the second clutch 18 is engaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and the flywheel 29 drives the motor 1 to work in the power generation mode by the residual energy is as follows: the flywheel 29 with rotational energy drives the small magnetic gear 31 to drive the large magnetic gear 28 in a magnetic transmission mode, drives the stepless speed change driven belt pulley 24 through the third clutch 27, drives the stepless speed change driving belt pulley 22 to rotate through the stepless speed change transmission belt 21, drives the gear III 19 coaxially arranged with the stepless speed change driving belt pulley 22 to be meshed with the gear IV 42 for transmission, drives the second clutch 18 and the gear II 17 coaxially arranged with the gear IV 42, drives the gear V46 meshed with the gear II 17, and is coaxially connected with the sun gear shaft 9 to drive the sun gear shaft 9 to rotate, the sun gear shaft 9 drives the low-speed gear clutch 6 integrally connected with the sun gear shaft to rotate, and drives the motor 1 working in a power generation mode through the double clutch structure 5 and the connecting shaft 3 to charge the storage battery with the residual energy of the flywheel 29 through the motor 1 working in the power generation mode;
b. the power transmission route of the process that the high-speed clutch 7 is engaged, the low-speed clutch 6 is disengaged, the high-speed clutch 7 is engaged, the sun gear brake 44 is engaged, the ring gear brake 11 is disengaged, the first clutch 14 is engaged, the third clutch 27 is engaged, and the flywheel 29 drives the motor 1 to work in the power generation mode by the residual energy is as follows: the flywheel 29 with rotary energy drives the small magnetic gear 31 to drive the large magnetic gear 28 in a magnetic transmission mode, drives the stepless speed change driven pulley 24 through the third clutch 27, drives the stepless speed change driving pulley 22 to rotate through the stepless speed change transmission belt 21, is connected with the first clutch 14 coaxially arranged with the stepless speed change driving pulley 22, drives the gear ring 10 to rotate through the first gear 13 and the gear eight 53 meshed with the first gear, and drives the motor 1 working in a power generation mode through the high-speed gear clutch 7 integrally connected with the gear ring 10, the double-clutch structure 5 and the connecting shaft 3, so that the residual energy of the flywheel 29 charges a storage battery through the motor 1 working in the power generation mode.
In different gears, the transmission ratio of the stepless speed change transmission mechanism can be adjusted by the stepless speed change controller 23, so that the energy utilization process of the flywheel 29 can be in the optimal state.
The motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device of the electric automobile with double clutch speed change can generate different transmission modes through the structural combination of different mechanisms and the engagement and separation change of each clutch or brake under different running states of the automobile, and is effectively suitable for the requirements of various running states of the automobile; the energy storage device can meet different power output requirements of the vehicle and can also meet the storage or utilization of the energy of the flywheel under different driving conditions.
The examples described herein are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A dual-clutch variable-speed motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device of an electric automobile comprises,
the output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the connecting shaft;
the input end of the double-clutch structure is in transmission connection with the connecting shaft, and the double-clutch structure consists of a low-speed clutch outputting low speed and a high-speed clutch outputting high speed;
the power output structure consists of a main speed reducer, a differential mechanism, a half shaft and wheels, and the output power is transmitted to the wheels through the half shaft after passing through the main speed reducer and the differential mechanism;
it is characterized by also comprising:
the planet wheel structure is formed by matching and connecting a sun wheel shaft, a sun wheel fixedly sleeved on the sun wheel shaft, a planet gear, a planet carrier and a gear ring; the output end of the low-speed clutch is in transmission connection with the sun gear shaft; the output end of the high-speed gear clutch is in transmission connection with the gear ring; the main speed reducer is in transmission connection with the planet carrier;
the stepless speed change mechanism is formed by connecting a stepless speed change transmission belt, a stepless speed change driving belt wheel, a stepless speed change controller and a stepless speed change driven belt wheel in a matching way;
the flywheel mechanism stores or releases kinetic energy by utilizing a flywheel energy storage principle;
the first transmission mechanism is used for driving and connecting the gear ring with the stepless speed change driving belt wheel, and is provided with a first clutch which controls the separation or the connection of the first transmission mechanism;
the second transmission mechanism is used for driving and connecting the sun wheel shaft with the stepless speed change driving belt wheel, and a second clutch is arranged on the second transmission mechanism and used for controlling the separation or the connection of the second transmission mechanism;
the third transmission mechanism is used for driving and connecting the stepless speed change driven belt wheel with the flywheel mechanism, and a third clutch is arranged on the third transmission mechanism and used for controlling the separation or the connection of the third transmission mechanism;
a ring gear brake that restricts a rotational state of the ring gear;
a sun gear brake that restricts a rotation state of the sun gear;
a gear eight is sleeved on the outer side of the gear ring of the planetary gear structure and rotates synchronously with the gear ring;
the first transmission mechanism includes:
the first gear is meshed with the eighth gear;
one end of the first clutch is fixedly connected with the first gear;
the first supporting shaft is in transmission connection with the other end of the first clutch and is in coaxial transmission connection with the stepless speed change driving belt wheel;
a fifth gear is mounted on a sun wheel shaft of the planet wheel structure and rotates synchronously with the sun wheel shaft;
the second transmission mechanism includes:
a second gear meshed with the fifth gear;
one end of the second clutch is fixedly connected with the second gear;
the second supporting shaft is in transmission connection with the other end of the second clutch;
a fourth gear which is arranged on the second supporting shaft and rotates synchronously with the second supporting shaft;
and the third gear is arranged on the first supporting shaft and rotates together with the first supporting shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear.
2. The dual clutch variable speed electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid transmission of claim 1, wherein:
the double clutch structure, the planetary wheel structure, the stepless speed change mechanism, the first transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism, the third transmission mechanism, the gear ring brake and the sun wheel brake are all arranged in the box body;
the motor is fixedly arranged at one end of the box body;
the flywheel mechanism is fixedly arranged at the other end of the box body.
3. The dual clutch variable speed electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid transmission of claim 2, wherein said flywheel mechanism comprises:
a magnetic gear shaft;
two large magnetic gears are arranged on the magnetic gear shaft in parallel;
two flywheel shafts which are parallel to the magnetic gear shaft and are respectively arranged at two sides of the magnetic gear shaft;
two flywheels which are respectively arranged on each flywheel shaft;
two pairs of small magnetic gears are provided, and each pair of small magnetic gears are respectively arranged at two ends of a flywheel shaft;
the first permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on the small magnetic gear;
the permanent magnet II is fixedly arranged on the large magnetic gear;
all components of the flywheel mechanism are arranged in the flywheel box.
4. The dual clutch transmission electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid transmission of claim 3, wherein the third transmission mechanism comprises:
the transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the stepless speed change driven belt wheel in a transmission way;
and one end of the third clutch is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, and the other end of the third clutch is fixedly connected with the magnetic gear shaft.
5. The dual clutch variable speed electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid transmission of claim 1, wherein: and the gear ring brake and the sun gear brake are both electromagnetic brakes.
6. The dual clutch transmission of claim 4, wherein the carrier of the planetary gear structure is coaxially mounted with a seventh gear, which rotates synchronously with the carrier, and the seventh gear meshes with a sixth gear of the main reducer.
7. The dual clutch variable speed electric vehicle motor-flywheel hybrid transmission of claim 3, wherein: the first permanent magnets are embedded on the surface of the small magnetic gear, and the number of the first permanent magnets is one;
the second permanent magnets are embedded on the surface of the large magnetic gear, the number of the second permanent magnets is eight, the second permanent magnets are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the large magnetic gear, and the second permanent magnets are sequentially and uniformly arranged according to the alternating sequence of the N pole and the S pole.
CN202110088704.9A 2021-01-22 2021-01-22 Double-clutch variable-speed motor-flywheel hybrid power transmission device for electric automobile Active CN112757886B (en)

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