CN112558109A - Airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric detection laser radar system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system which comprises a laser emission subsystem, an optical receiving subsystem, a detector unit, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem, wherein the laser emission subsystem is connected with the optical receiving subsystem through a communication network; the optical receiving subsystem is used for receiving echoes generated by the action of the laser beam and atmosphere and splitting light to output elastic scattered light signals, Raman scattered light signals and depolarization attenuation. The invention emits 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm three-beam laser, has eight-channel detection of elastic scattering, Raman scattering and polarization detection, is equipped with GNSS/INS combined navigation, and realizes quantitative measurement and comprehensive inversion of spatial distribution of atmospheric aerosol, optical parameters of cloud layers and micro-physical parameters in a navigation area; by adopting the photon counting type detector and the multi-channel photon counting card, the electronic single machines are orderly connected together through the data switch, so that the radar system framework is simpler, and high modularization is formed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and testing, in particular to an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system.
Background
Atmospheric aerosols and clouds are important factors affecting global climate and atmospheric environment. Atmospheric aerosols contribute to global climate by absorbing and scattering solar radiation and participating in cloud formation as cloud condensation nuclei. The scattering of incident solar radiation and the absorption of upward thermal radiation from the earth's surface by clouds, which play an important role in atmospheric energy distribution, radiation transmission, and water circulation, alters the heat flux at the earth's surface and within the atmosphere.
In recent years, global industrialization and urbanization are continuously developed, and atmospheric environmental pollution is frequent. Among them, haze has become a frequent environmental disaster event in our country. Aiming at the current situation of frequent haze events, the harm, the formation mechanism and the forecast of haze have attracted great attention of people. The emission, transmission and accumulation of atmospheric pollutants are one of the necessary conditions for the occurrence of dust-haze events, and in order to track the emission, transmission and accumulation processes of the atmospheric pollutants, environmental protection and meteorological departments need to conduct observation and research on aerosol distribution on a regional spatial scale.
The ground-based laser radar can detect the vertical distribution and time variation characteristics of the atmospheric aerosol and the cloud, but can only detect the vertical distribution and time variation characteristics of the atmospheric aerosol and the cloud in a small range above a ground-based laser radar system. The airborne atmospheric sounding laser radar is one of the most effective means for obtaining three-dimensional spatial distribution information of atmospheric aerosol and cloud in the course range.
The airborne atmospheric detection laser radar is an active remote sensing detection radar, has high time, vertical resolution and measurement accuracy, can quickly, continuously and real-timely detect atmospheric aerosol and cloud in an aerial line area, and can be used for quantitatively researching the time-space change characteristics of the atmospheric aerosol and the cloud in the aerial line area, developing the origin and the transmission path of an atmospheric environment pollution source and the like.
Most of airborne atmospheric sounding laser radars at home and abroad are single-wavelength or dual-wavelength sounding, three-wavelength laser emission of elastic scattering, Raman scattering and polarization sounding is synthesized, and few radar is used for eight-channel sounding to comprehensively invert optical parameters and micro-physical parameters of atmospheric aerosol and cloud layers in a navigation area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system for solving the problem of airborne comprehensive detection, which emits 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm three-beam laser, has eight-channel detection of elastic scattering, Raman scattering and polarization detection, is provided with GNSS/INS combined navigation, and realizes quantitative measurement and comprehensive inversion of the spatial distribution of atmospheric aerosol, optical parameters of cloud layers and micro-physical parameters in a navigation area; by adopting the photon counting type detector and the multi-channel photon counting card, the signal-to-noise ratio is high during detection, the obtained system dynamic range is larger, the data result is more accurate, and the system is small in size and convenient for system modularization integration; all the electronic single machines are orderly connected together through a data switch, so that the radar system is simpler in structure and highly modularized; meanwhile, the method is beneficial to the increase, integration and development of subsequent functional equipment of the system.
The invention provides an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system which comprises a laser emission subsystem, an optical receiving subsystem arranged on one side of the laser emission subsystem, a detector unit arranged on one side of the optical receiving subsystem, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit arranged on one side of the laser emission subsystem, and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem, the optical receiving subsystem, the detector unit and the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit;
the system comprises a laser emission subsystem, an optical receiving subsystem, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit, a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem, wherein the laser emission subsystem is used for emitting laser beams and regulating the direction of the laser beams and outputting laser emission pulse synchronous signals, the optical receiving subsystem is used for receiving echoes generated by the action of the laser beams and atmosphere and outputting elastic scattered light signals, Raman scattered light signals and depolarization attenuation, the detector unit is used for receiving the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals and converting the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals into electric signals to be output, the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit is used for outputting the position and the posture of a laser radar system to the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem;
the optical receiving subsystem comprises a telescope for receiving echo generated by the action of laser beams and atmosphere, a relay optical unit arranged on one side of the telescope and an automatic attenuation depolarization device arranged on one side of the relay optical unit and used for calibrating and adjusting the attenuation of the relay optical unit; the automatic attenuation depolarization device comprises a depolarization piece, an attenuation piece, a control motor and a depolarization attenuation controller, and is used for calibrating a channel of the relay optical unit to obtain a polarization channel calibration constant; the automatic attenuation depolarization device is used for automatically adjusting the attenuation of each channel of the relay optical unit according to the intensity of the optical signal so as to obtain a large dynamic range and a high signal-to-noise ratio.
The invention relates to an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system, which is used as a preferred mode, wherein a laser emission subsystem comprises a three-wavelength solid laser for emitting laser beams, a laser controller which is electrically connected with the three-wavelength solid laser and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem and is used for controlling the three-wavelength solid laser to emit and shut off and outputting laser emission pulse synchronous signals to the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem, and an automatic centering device which is connected with the three-wavelength solid laser and is used for adjusting the pointing direction of the laser beams;
the automatic centering device comprises an automatic centering assembly used for adjusting the pointing direction of a laser beam, and the automatic centering assembly comprises a two-axis adjusting reflector, a high-precision micro-electric adjusting frame with an encoder and a micro-electric adjusting frame controller.
As a preferred mode, the three-wavelength solid laser is used for emitting 355nm laser beams, 532nm laser beams and 1064nm laser beams;
the automatic centering device comprises a first automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of a 355nm laser beam, a second automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of a 532nm laser beam and a third automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of a 1064nm laser beam.
The invention relates to an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system, which is characterized in that a relay optical unit comprises a 355nm parallel channel, a 355nm vertical channel, a 532nm parallel channel, a 532nm vertical channel, a 1064nm channel, a 386nm channel, a 407nm channel and a 607nm channel, converts echoes into 355nm parallel optical signals, 355nm vertical optical signals, 532nm parallel optical signals, 532nm vertical optical signals, 1064nm optical signals, 386nm optical signals, 407nm optical signals and 607nm optical signals through wavelength beam splitting, polarization beam splitting and narrow-band filtering and outputs the 355nm parallel optical signals, the 355nm vertical channel, the 532nm parallel channel, the 532nm vertical channel, the 1064nm channel, the 386nm channel, the 407nm channel and the 607nm channel;
the elastically scattered light signals include 355nm parallel light signals, 355nm vertical light signals, 532nm parallel light signals, 532nm vertical light signals, and the Raman scattered light signals include 1064nm light signals, 386nm light signals, 407nm light signals, and 607nm light signals.
The invention relates to an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarized atmospheric sounding laser radar system, which is preferably provided with a plurality of laser units, the detector unit comprises a 355nm parallel detector for detecting 355nm parallel optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output, a 355nm vertical detector for detecting 355nm vertical optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output, a 532nm parallel detector for detecting 532nm parallel optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output, a 532nm vertical detector for detecting 532nm vertical optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output, a 1064nm detector for detecting 1064nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output, a 386nm detector for detecting 386nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output, a 407nm detector for detecting 607nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output, and a 607nm detector for detecting 607nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals to be output.
According to the airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarized atmospheric sounding laser radar system, as a preferable mode, the energy of 355nm laser beams, 532nm laser beams and 1064nm laser beams is 1 mJ: the pulse repetition frequency of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam is 1 kHz: the polarization degrees of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam are all 100: 1;
the adjusting range of the azimuth direction and the pitch direction of the automatic centering device is +/-0.76 degrees, and the adjusting precision of the automatic centering device is 50 mu rad;
the telescope is a reflection off-axis Cassegrain telescope, the optical aperture of the telescope is 250mm, and the field of view of the telescope is 1 mrad;
the detector unit adopts a photon detector based on 300 nm-1100 nm response.
The invention relates to an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system, which is used as a preferred mode, wherein a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem comprises a multi-channel photon counting card electrically connected with a detector unit, a state acquisition and monitor used for monitoring, a data exchange server electrically connected with a laser emission subsystem, an optical receiving subsystem, the detector unit and a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit, and an industrial personal computer electrically connected with the data exchange server and provided with radar data real-time processing and display control software, wherein the data real-time processing and display control software is used for working parameter configuration, control instruction receiving and sending, working state detection amount display, data real-time storage and data display.
As an optimal mode, the multichannel photon counting card comprises eight photon acquisition channels, and the photon counting frequency of the photon counting card is greater than 200 MHz;
each photon acquisition channel comprises a counting module and a data accumulation module, after photon pulse detection is finished, the counting module carries out accumulation counting on the number of detected photon pulses in a range gate sequence triggered by a laser emission pulse synchronous signal to obtain a photon pulse counting value in a single range gate sequence; the data accumulation module accumulates corresponding range gate count values of photon pulse count values in the range gate sequence triggered by the laser emission pulse synchronous signals to obtain an accumulated value of a photon counting channel; the accumulated value is sent to the industrial personal computer through the Ethernet.
The invention relates to an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarized atmospheric sounding laser radar system, which is characterized in that as an optimal mode, the laser radar system also comprises an engine body arranged on an airborne platform, wherein a laser emission subsystem and an optical receiving subsystem are partially arranged in the engine body and partially extend out of the engine body, and a detector unit, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem are arranged in the engine body;
the laser radar system also comprises a temperature control subsystem arranged in the machine body, airborne radar damping devices arranged on the periphery of the machine body and a laser radar system power supply arranged on the machine body;
the acquisition and monitor is used for monitoring the temperature of the laser emission subsystem, the detector unit, the multi-channel photon counting card and the power supply of the laser radar system;
the temperature control subsystem is used for adjusting the internal temperature of the machine body through refrigeration or heating.
The invention relates to an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system, which is characterized in that as a preferred mode, a data exchange server comprises a serial server and a network switch, wherein the serial server comprises 8 serial ports, the serial server comprises an RS422 serial port, an RS232 serial port and an RS485 serial port, and the network switch comprises 4 paths of 100/1000M self-adaptive Ethernet ports;
the industrial personal computer is a small-sized fan-free industrial personal computer;
the input voltage of the laser radar system power supply is 28V direct current, and the output voltage of the optical radar system power supply is 24V direct current, 12V direct current and 5V direct current controlled by an RS422 serial port.
The laser radar system has simple external interfaces, and only has a 28V power supply interface, an Ethernet data communication interface and an RS422 serial port.
The airborne damping device enables the laser radar to be applied to multiple airplane platforms.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) most of airborne atmospheric sounding laser radars at home and abroad are single-wavelength or dual-wavelength sounding, three-wavelength laser emission of elastic scattering, Raman scattering and polarization sounding is synthesized, and few radar is used for eight-channel sounding to comprehensively invert optical parameters and micro-physical parameters of atmospheric aerosol and cloud layers in a navigation area. The airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization long atmospheric sounding laser radar system emits 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm three-beam laser, has eight-channel sounding of elastic scattering, Raman scattering and polarization sounding, is provided with GNSS/INS combined navigation, and realizes quantitative measurement and comprehensive inversion of the spatial distribution of atmospheric aerosol and cloud layer optical parameters and micro physical parameters in a navigation area.
(2) The detection of optical signals mainly comprises analog recording technology and photon counting technology, and the photon counting technology has higher signal-to-noise ratio when weak signals are detected. And the laser radar system can acquire a larger system dynamic range and more accurate data results due to higher signal-to-noise ratio. The detector of the 1064nm detection channel of the traditional laser radar mostly uses an analog output detector, and the 1064nm detector of the system of the invention uses a photon counting type detector, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is high during detection, the obtained system dynamic range is larger and the data result is more accurate.
Meanwhile, detection channels of 355nm, 532nm, 386nm, 407nm and 607nm in the radar are all photon counting detectors, and a channel of 1064nm also uses the photon counting detectors, so that the unification and development of system signal acquisition and processing modes are facilitated.
(3) The signal acquisition and processing card of the laser radar system generally adopts a universal acquisition card on the market, such as a PCIe slot acquisition card, the acquisition channel of one board card is usually 1 channel or 2 channels, at most 4 acquisition channels, and meanwhile, an industrial personal computer with PCIe insertion is required to be matched, so that the size is large. The radar system of the invention adopts eight-channel acquisition, and at least 2 board cards are needed by using a universal board card; meanwhile, the invention is an airborne radar, and an airborne system has the advantages of small size, light weight and low power consumption compared with a ground system. One card of the multi-channel photon counting card of the system has 8 photon acquisition channels, the photon counting frequency is superior to 200MHz, and after the photon detection is finished, a counting module carries out accumulation counting on the number of detected photon pulses in a range gate sequence triggered by a synchronous trigger signal to obtain a photon pulse counting value in a single range gate sequence; the data accumulation module accumulates corresponding range gate count values of photon pulse count values in the range gate sequence under the trigger of the plurality of synchronous trigger signals to obtain an accumulated value of a photon counting channel; and the data is sent to the upper computer through the Ethernet. The multichannel photon counting card is powered by 12V, has power consumption less than 15W, is small in size and is convenient for system modularization integration.
(4) The data exchange server of the invention is a data exchanger integrating a serial port exchanger and a network exchanger, and is provided with 8 paths of serial ports (RS422/RS232/RS485 software can be set) and 4 paths of 100/1000M self-adaptive Ethernet ports, which are data hubs of the radar system of the invention. The electronic single machines in the radar system are orderly connected together, so that the radar system is simpler in structure and highly modularized; meanwhile, the method is beneficial to the increase, integration and development of subsequent functional equipment of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a complete machine frame of an embodiment 1 of an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a complete machine frame of an embodiment 2 of an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between a data exchange server and each electronic single machine in embodiment 2 of an airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric sounding lidar system;
fig. 4 is a structure diagram of a whole machine of an airborne multi-wavelength raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system in embodiment 2.
Reference numerals:
1. a laser emission subsystem; 11. a three-wavelength solid-state laser; 12. a laser controller; 13. an automatic centering device; 2. an optical receiving subsystem; 21. a telescope; 22. a relay optical unit; 23. an automatic attenuation and depolarization device; 3. a detector unit; 31. a 355nm parallel detector; 32. a 355nm vertical detector; 33. a 532nm parallel detector; 34. a 532nm vertical detector; 35. a 1064nm detector; 36. a 386nm detector; 37. a 407nm detector; 38. a 607nm detector; 4. a GNSS/INS integrated navigation unit; 5. a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem; 51. a multi-channel photon counting card; 52. a state acquisition and monitor; 53. a data exchange server; 54. an industrial personal computer; 6. a body; 7. a temperature control subsystem; 8. an airborne radar damping device; 9. laser radar system power supply.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an airborne multi-wavelength raman polarization atmospheric sounding lidar system comprises a laser emission subsystem 1, an optical receiving subsystem 2 arranged on one side of the laser emission subsystem 1, a detector unit 3 arranged on one side of the optical receiving subsystem 2, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4 arranged on one side of the laser emission subsystem 1, and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5 electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem 1, the optical receiving subsystem 2, the detector unit 3, and the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4;
the system comprises a laser emission subsystem 1, an optical receiving subsystem 2, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4, a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5 and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5, wherein the laser emission subsystem 1 is used for emitting laser beams and adjusting the direction of the laser beams and outputting laser emission pulse synchronous signals, the optical receiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving echoes generated by the action of the laser beams and atmosphere and splitting to output elastic scattered light signals, Raman scattered light signals and depolarization attenuation, the detector unit 3 is used for receiving the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals and converting the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals into electric signals to be output, the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4 is used for outputting the position and the posture of;
the optical receiving subsystem 2 comprises a telescope 21 for receiving echo generated by the action of laser beam and atmosphere, a relay optical unit 22 arranged at one side of the telescope 21 and an automatic attenuation depolarization device 23 arranged at one side of the relay optical unit 22 and used for calibrating and adjusting the attenuation of the relay optical unit 22; the automatic attenuation and depolarization device 23 comprises a depolarization piece, an attenuation piece, a control motor and a depolarization attenuation controller, and the automatic attenuation and depolarization device 23 is used for calibrating the channel of the relay optical unit 22 to obtain a polarization channel calibration constant; the automatic attenuation and depolarization device 23 is used to automatically adjust the attenuation of each channel of the relay optical unit 22 according to the intensity of the optical signal.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, an airborne multi-wavelength raman polarization atmospheric sounding lidar system includes a laser emission subsystem 1, an optical receiving subsystem 2 disposed at one side of the laser emission subsystem 1, a detector unit 3 disposed at one side of the optical receiving subsystem 2, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4 disposed at one side of the laser emission subsystem 1, and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5 electrically connected to the laser emission subsystem 1, the optical receiving subsystem 2, the detector unit 3, and the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4;
the system comprises a laser emission subsystem 1, an optical receiving subsystem 2, a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4, a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5 and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5, wherein the laser emission subsystem 1 is used for emitting laser beams and adjusting the direction of the laser beams and outputting laser emission pulse synchronous signals, the optical receiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving echoes generated by the action of the laser beams and atmosphere and splitting to output elastic scattered light signals, Raman scattered light signals and depolarization attenuation, the detector unit 3 is used for receiving the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals and converting the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals into electric signals to be output, the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4 is used for outputting the position and the posture of; the laser emission subsystem 1 comprises a three-wavelength solid laser 11 for emitting laser beams, a laser controller 12 which is electrically connected with the three-wavelength solid laser 11 and the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5 and is used for controlling the three-wavelength solid laser 11 to emit and shut off and outputting laser emission pulse synchronous signals to the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5, and an automatic centering device 13 which is connected with the three-wavelength solid laser 11 and is used for adjusting the pointing direction of the laser beams;
the automatic centering device 13 comprises an automatic centering assembly for adjusting the pointing direction of a laser beam, wherein the automatic centering assembly comprises a two-axis adjusting reflector, a high-precision micro-electric adjusting frame with an encoder and a micro-electric adjusting frame controller;
the three-wavelength solid laser 11 is used for emitting 355nm laser beams, 532nm laser beams and 1064nm laser beams;
the automatic centering device 13 comprises a first automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of 355nm laser beams, a second automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of 532nm laser beams and a third automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of 1064nm laser beams;
the adjusting range of the azimuth direction and the pitch direction of the automatic centering device 13 is +/-0.76 degrees, and the adjusting precision of the automatic centering device 13 is 50 mu rad;
the optical receiving subsystem 2 comprises a telescope 21 for receiving echo generated by the action of laser beam and atmosphere, a relay optical unit 22 arranged at one side of the telescope 21 and an automatic attenuation depolarization device 23 arranged at one side of the relay optical unit 22 and used for calibrating and adjusting the attenuation of the relay optical unit 22; the automatic attenuation and depolarization device 23 comprises a depolarization piece, an attenuation piece, a control motor and a depolarization attenuation controller, and the automatic attenuation and depolarization device 23 is used for calibrating the channel of the relay optical unit 22 to obtain a polarization channel calibration constant; the automatic attenuation and depolarization device 23 is used for automatically adjusting the attenuation of each channel of the relay optical unit 22 according to the intensity of the optical signal so as to obtain a large dynamic range and a high signal-to-noise ratio;
the telescope 21 is a reflection type off-axis Cassegrain telescope, the optical caliber of the telescope 21 is 250mm, and the field of view of the telescope 21 is 1 mrad;
the relay optical unit 22 includes 355nm parallel channels, 355nm vertical channels, 532nm parallel channels, 532nm vertical channels, 1064nm channels, 386nm channels, 407nm channels, and 607nm channels, and the relay optical unit 22 converts the echoes into 355nm parallel optical signals, 355nm vertical optical signals, 532nm parallel optical signals, 532nm vertical optical signals, 1064nm optical signals, 386nm optical signals, 407nm optical signals, and 607nm optical signals by wavelength splitting, polarization splitting, and narrow band filtering and outputs to the 355nm parallel channels, 355nm vertical channels, 532nm parallel channels, 532nm vertical channels, 1064nm channels, 386nm channels, 407nm channels, and 607nm channels;
the elastic scattering light signals comprise 355nm parallel light signals, 355nm vertical light signals, 532nm parallel light signals and 532nm vertical light signals, and the Raman scattering light signals comprise 1064nm light signals, 386nm light signals, 407nm light signals and 607nm light signals;
the detector unit 3 comprises a 355nm parallel detector 31 for detecting 355nm parallel optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output, a 355nm vertical detector 32 for detecting 355nm vertical optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output, a 532nm parallel detector 33 for detecting 532nm parallel optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output, a 532nm vertical detector 34 for detecting 532nm vertical optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output, a 1064nm detector 35 for detecting 1064nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output, a 386nm detector 36 for detecting 386nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output, a 407nm detector 37 for detecting 607nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output, and a 607nm detector 38 for detecting 607nm optical signals and converting the signals into electric signals for output;
the energy of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam is 1 mJ: the pulse repetition frequency of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam is 1 kHz: the polarization degrees of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam are all 100: 1;
the detector unit 3 adopts a photon detector based on 300 nm-1100 nm response;
the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5 comprises a multi-channel photon counting card 51 electrically connected with the detector unit 3, a state acquisition and monitor 52 for monitoring, a data exchange server 53 electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem 1, the optical receiving subsystem 2, the detector unit 3 and the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4, and an industrial personal computer 54 electrically connected with the data exchange server 53 and provided with radar data real-time processing and display and control software, wherein the data real-time processing and display and control software is used for working parameter configuration, control instruction receiving and sending, working state detection amount display, and data real-time storage and display;
the multi-channel photon counting card 51 comprises eight photon collecting channels, and the photon counting frequency of the photon counting card 51 is more than 200 MHz;
each photon acquisition channel comprises a counting module and a data accumulation module, after photon pulse detection is finished, the counting module carries out accumulation counting on the number of detected photon pulses in a range gate sequence triggered by a laser emission pulse synchronous signal to obtain a photon pulse counting value in a single range gate sequence; the data accumulation module accumulates corresponding range gate count values of photon pulse count values in the range gate sequence triggered by the laser emission pulse synchronous signals to obtain an accumulated value of a photon counting channel; the accumulated value is sent to the industrial personal computer 54 through the Ethernet;
the laser radar system also comprises a machine body 6 arranged on the airborne platform, the laser emission subsystem 1 and the optical receiving subsystem 2 are both partially arranged in the machine body 6 and partially extend out of the machine body 6, and the detector unit 3, the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit 4 and the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem 5 are all arranged in the machine body 6;
the laser radar system also comprises a temperature control subsystem 7 arranged inside the machine body 6, airborne radar damping devices 8 arranged around the machine body 6 and a laser radar system power supply 9 arranged on the machine body 6;
the acquisition and monitor 52 is used for monitoring the temperature of the laser emission subsystem 1, the detector unit 3, the multi-channel photon counting card 51 and the laser radar system power supply 9;
the temperature control subsystem 7 is used for adjusting the internal temperature of the machine body 6 through refrigeration or heating;
the data exchange server 53 comprises a serial server and a network switch, the serial server comprises 8 serial ports, the serial server comprises an RS422 serial port, an RS232 serial port and an RS485 serial port, and the network switch comprises 4 100/1000M self-adaptive Ethernet ports;
the industrial personal computer 54 is a small-sized fan-free industrial personal computer;
the airborne damping device 8 enables the laser radar to be applied to multiple airplane platforms;
the input voltage of the laser radar system power supply 9 is 28V direct current, and the output voltage of the optical radar system power supply 9 is 24V direct current, 12V direct current and 5V direct current controlled by an RS422 serial port;
the laser radar system has simple external interfaces, and only comprises a 28V power supply interface, an Ethernet data communication interface and an RS422 serial port;
as shown in fig. 3, the data exchange server 53 is a data information exchange hub of the on-board multi-wavelength raman polarization atmospheric sounding laser radar system, and is connected to each electronic unit in the system.
The laser emission subsystem 1 emits laser; the optical receiving subsystem 2 receives and processes echo signals generated by the interaction of the laser and the atmosphere; performing photoelectric conversion on the 8 paths of detector optical signals and outputting photon electric signals; after the detection is started, each channel of the multi-channel photon counting card 51 detects photons, and a counting module counts the number of the detected photon pulses in a range gate sequence triggered by a synchronous trigger signal in an accumulation manner to obtain a photon pulse count value in a single range gate sequence; the data accumulation module accumulates corresponding range gate count values of photon pulse count values in the range gate sequence under the trigger of the plurality of synchronous trigger signals to obtain an accumulated value of a photon counting channel; the data is sent to an upper computer through the Ethernet; the radar real-time data processing and display card software completes the configuration of the working parameters of the airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization long atmosphere detection laser radar system, the receiving and sending of control commands, the display of the detection amount of the working state and the real-time storage and display of data.
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is an integrated structure, and the airborne damping device can ensure that the radar is used for the airborne platform.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarized atmospheric sounding laser radar system is characterized in that: the device comprises a laser emission subsystem (1), an optical receiving subsystem (2) arranged on one side of the laser emission subsystem (1), a detector unit (3) arranged on one side of the optical receiving subsystem (2), a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit (4) arranged on one side of the laser emission subsystem (1), and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5) electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem (1), the optical receiving subsystem (2), the detector unit (3) and the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit (4);
the system comprises a laser emission subsystem (1), an optical receiving subsystem (2), a detector unit (3), a GNSS/INS combined navigation unit (4), a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5), and a data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5), wherein the laser emission subsystem (1) is used for emitting laser beams and regulating the laser beams to point and output laser emission pulse synchronous signals, the optical receiving subsystem (2) is used for receiving echoes generated by the action of the laser beams and atmosphere and splitting to output elastic scattered light signals, Raman scattered light signals and depolarization attenuation, the detector unit is used for receiving the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals and converting the elastic scattered light signals and the Raman scattered light signals into electric signals to be output, the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit is used for outputting the position and the posture of a laser radar system to the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5), and the;
the optical receiving subsystem (2) comprises a telescope (21) for receiving echoes generated by the action of the laser beam and the atmosphere, a relay optical unit (22) arranged on one side of the telescope (21) and an automatic attenuation depolarization device (23) arranged on one side of the relay optical unit (22) and used for calibrating and adjusting the attenuation of the relay optical unit (22); the automatic attenuation and depolarization device (23) comprises a depolarization piece, an attenuation piece, a control motor and a depolarization attenuation controller, and the automatic attenuation and depolarization device (23) is used for calibrating a channel of the relay optical unit (22) to obtain a polarization channel calibration constant; the automatic attenuation depolarization device (23) is used for automatically adjusting the attenuation of each channel of the relay optical unit (22) according to the intensity of the optical signal.
2. The airborne multi-wavelength raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 1, wherein: the laser emission subsystem (1) comprises a three-wavelength solid laser (11) for emitting the laser beam, a laser controller (12) which is electrically connected with the three-wavelength solid laser (11) and the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5) and is used for controlling the three-wavelength solid laser (11) to emit and shut off and outputting a laser emission pulse synchronization signal to the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5), and an automatic centering device (13) which is connected with the three-wavelength solid laser (11) and is used for adjusting the pointing direction of the laser beam;
the automatic centering device (13) comprises an automatic centering assembly used for adjusting the pointing direction of the laser beam, and the automatic centering assembly comprises a two-axis adjusting reflector, a high-precision micro-electric adjusting frame with an encoder and a micro-electric adjusting frame controller.
3. The airborne multi-wavelength raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 2, wherein: the three-wavelength solid laser (11) is used for emitting 355nm laser beams, 532nm laser beams and 1064nm laser beams;
the automatic centering device (13) comprises a first automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of 355nm laser beams, a second automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of 532nm laser beams and a third automatic centering component for adjusting the direction of 1064nm laser beams.
4. The airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 3, wherein:
the relay optical unit (22) includes 355nm parallel channels, 355nm vertical channels, 532nm parallel channels, 532nm vertical channels, 1064nm channels, 386nm channels, 407nm channels, and 607nm channels, the relay optical unit (22) converts the echoes into 355nm parallel optical signals, 355nm vertical optical signals, 532nm parallel optical signals, 532nm vertical optical signals, 1064nm optical signals, 386nm optical signals, 407nm optical signals, and 607nm optical signals by wavelength splitting, polarization splitting, and narrow band filtering and outputs to the 355nm parallel channels, the 355nm vertical channels, the 532nm parallel channels, the 532nm vertical channels, the 1064nm channels, the 386nm channels, the 407nm channels, and the 607nm channels;
the elastically scattered light signals comprise the 355nm parallel light signal, the 355nm vertical light signal, the 532nm parallel light signal, and the 532nm vertical light signal, and the Raman scattered light signals comprise the 1064nm light signal, the 386nm light signal, the 407nm light signal, and the 607nm light signal.
5. The airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 4, wherein:
the detector unit (3) comprises a 355nm parallel detector (31) for detecting the 355nm parallel optical signal and converting the 355nm parallel optical signal into an electric signal to be output, a 355nm vertical detector (32) for detecting the 355nm vertical optical signal and converting the 355nm vertical optical signal into an electric signal to be output, a 532nm parallel detector (33) for detecting the 532nm parallel optical signal and converting the 532nm parallel optical signal into an electric signal to be output, and a 532nm vertical detector (34) for detecting the 532nm vertical optical signal and converting the 532nm vertical optical signal into an electric signal to be output, the device comprises a 1064nm detector (35) for detecting the 1064nm optical signal and converting the optical signal into an electric signal to be output, a 386nm detector (36) for detecting the 386nm optical signal and converting the optical signal into an electric signal to be output, a 407nm detector (37) for detecting the 407nm optical signal and converting the optical signal into an electric signal to be output, and a 607nm detector (38) for detecting the 607nm optical signal and converting the optical signal into an electric signal to be output.
6. The airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 5, wherein: the energy of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam is 1 mJ: the pulse repetition frequency of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam is 1 kHz: the polarization degrees of the 355nm laser beam, the 532nm laser beam and the 1064nm laser beam are all 100: 1;
the adjustment range of the azimuth direction and the pitch direction of the automatic centering device (13) is +/-0.76 degrees, and the adjustment precision of the automatic centering device (13) is 50 mu rad;
the telescope (21) is a reflection-type off-axis Cassegrain telescope, the optical caliber of the telescope (21) is 250mm, and the field of view of the telescope (21) is 1 mrad;
the detector unit (3) adopts a photon detector based on 300 nm-1100 nm response.
7. The airborne multi-wavelength raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 1, wherein:
the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5) comprises a multi-channel photon counting card (51) electrically connected with the detector unit (3), a state acquisition and monitor (52) for monitoring, a data exchange server (53) electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem (1), the optical receiving subsystem (2), the detector unit (3) and the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit (4), and an industrial personal computer (54) electrically connected with the data exchange server (53) and provided with radar data real-time processing and display control software, wherein the data real-time processing and display control software is used for working parameter configuration, control instruction receiving and sending, working state detection amount display, data real-time storage and display.
8. The airborne multi-wavelength raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 7, wherein: the multi-channel photon counting card (51) comprises eight photon collecting channels, and the photon counting frequency of the photon counting card (51) is more than 200 MHz;
each photon acquisition channel comprises a counting module and a data accumulation module, after photon pulse detection is finished, the counting module carries out accumulation counting on the number of the detected photon pulses in a range gate sequence triggered by the laser emission pulse synchronous signal to obtain the photon pulse counting value in a single range gate sequence; the data accumulation module accumulates corresponding range gate count values of photon pulse count values in the range gate sequence triggered by the laser emission pulse synchronous signals to obtain an accumulated value of a photon counting channel; the accumulated value is sent to the industrial personal computer (54) through the Ethernet.
9. The airborne multi-wavelength raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 7, wherein:
the laser radar system also comprises an engine body (6) arranged on an airborne platform, the laser emission subsystem (1) and the optical receiving subsystem (2) are partially arranged in the engine body (6) and partially extend out of the engine body (6), and the detector unit (3), the GNSS/INS combined navigation unit (4) and the data processing and comprehensive control subsystem (5) are all arranged in the engine body (6);
the laser radar system also comprises a temperature control subsystem (7) arranged inside the machine body (6), airborne radar damping devices (8) arranged on the periphery of the machine body (6) and a laser radar system power supply (9) arranged on the machine body (6);
the acquisition and monitor (52) is used for monitoring the temperature of the laser emission subsystem (1), the detector unit (3), the multichannel photon counting card (51) and the laser radar system power supply (9);
the temperature control subsystem (7) is used for adjusting the internal temperature of the machine body (6) through refrigeration or heating.
10. The airborne multi-wavelength raman polarized atmosphere detection lidar system of claim 9, wherein: the data exchange server (53) comprises a serial server and a network switch, the serial server comprises 8 serial ports, the serial server comprises an RS422 serial port, an RS232 serial port and an RS485 serial port, and the network switch comprises 4 paths of 100/1000M self-adaptive Ethernet ports;
the industrial personal computer (54) is a small-sized fan-free industrial personal computer;
the input voltage of the laser radar system power supply (9) is 28V direct current, and the output voltage of the laser radar system power supply (9) is 24V direct current, 12V direct current and 5V direct current controlled by an RS422 serial port.
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