CN112356265B - Bionic spiral reamer of pug mill and vacuum pug mill - Google Patents
Bionic spiral reamer of pug mill and vacuum pug mill Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112356265B CN112356265B CN202011005800.4A CN202011005800A CN112356265B CN 112356265 B CN112356265 B CN 112356265B CN 202011005800 A CN202011005800 A CN 202011005800A CN 112356265 B CN112356265 B CN 112356265B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bionic
- claw
- shaped
- reamer
- wedge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C1/00—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay
- B28C1/10—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition ; Plants
- B28C1/14—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition ; Plants specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom
- B28C1/16—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition ; Plants specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom for homogenising, e.g. by mixing, kneading ; forcing through slots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C1/00—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay
- B28C1/10—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition ; Plants
- B28C1/14—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition ; Plants specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom
- B28C1/22—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition ; Plants specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom combined with means for conditioning by heating, humidifying, or vacuum treatment, by cooling, by sub-atmospheric pressure treatment
- B28C1/225—Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition ; Plants specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom combined with means for conditioning by heating, humidifying, or vacuum treatment, by cooling, by sub-atmospheric pressure treatment by degassing, de-aerating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic spiral reamer of a pug mill and a vacuum pug mill, which can obtain the resistance reduction performance of a forefoot paw-toe structure similar to an oriental mole cricket and the viscosity reduction desorption performance of a body surface micro convex rib structure similar to sharks by arranging a paw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure on a cutter head and arranging a micro non-smooth bionic structure on a cutter surface, thereby overcoming the defects in the prior art. The invention discloses a bionic spiral reamer of a pugging machine, which is used in a vacuum pugging machine and comprises a reamer shaft and a spiral reamer arranged on the reamer shaft; the tool bit of the spiral reamer is provided with a claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure obtained by simulating a forefoot claw-toe structure of the oriental mole cricket; at least one knife face of the spiral reamer is provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure obtained through a body surface micro convex rib structure of a bionic shark.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vacuum pugging machines, in particular to a bionic spiral reamer of a pug mill and a vacuum pug mill.
Background
The pug mill is a major professional machine in the ceramic industry, is mainly used for preparing pug of tiles, daily-use porcelain and industrial porcelain, and can extrude various ceramic elements such as various ceramics and tile shapes by adding various dies at the front end of a pug outlet.
The vacuum pug mill is one of pug mills, and the spiral reamer is used as a key part of the vacuum pug mill and plays roles of stirring, mixing, extruding and conveying pug in the production process. The pug is extruded from a nozzle after entering a vacuum pug mill, and a series of procedures such as primary mixing, extrusion, segmentation, vacuumizing, secondary mixing, extrusion, shaping, discharging and the like are carried out.
However, in the prior art, when the screw reamer of the vacuum pug mill is in operation, because the design of the cutting edge angle of the screw reamer is not reasonable, the screw reamer can be subjected to excessive resistance from pug in the process of screwing in the pug by a large angle, and the cutter head of the screw reamer can be worn out too fast by a small angle. The mud material temperature can be raised too fast by larger resistance, and more iron metal can be doped into the mud material by excessive abrasion of the cutter head, so that the quality of the mud material is finally influenced. The adhesion phenomenon of pug can be aggravated by the excessively rough or smooth surface form of the blades of the spiral reamer, and the mixing effect of the pug, the thickness of a solid pug layer and the pug layering degree are obviously influenced.
That is, the shape of the cutter head of the spiral reamer of the pug mill and the shape of the cutter face seriously affect the pug milling efficiency and pug quality of the vacuum pug mill. Therefore, the bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill with viscosity reduction and resistance reduction characteristics is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a bionic spiral reamer of a pug mill and a vacuum pug mill, which can obtain the resistance reduction performance of a forefoot paw-toe structure similar to an oriental mole cricket and the viscosity reduction desorption performance of a body surface micro convex rib structure similar to sharks by arranging a paw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure on a cutter head and arranging a micro non-smooth bionic structure on a cutter surface, thereby overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The bionic spiral reamer of the pugging machine is used in a vacuum pugging machine and comprises a reamer shaft and a spiral reamer arranged on the reamer shaft;
the tool bit of the spiral reamer is provided with a claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure obtained by simulating a forefoot claw-toe structure of the oriental mole cricket;
at least one cutter face of the spiral reamer is provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure obtained through a body surface micro convex rib structure of a bionic shark;
the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure is similar to a horn shape and has a square wedge angle;
the head edge angle of the square wedge angle is alphalThe height is 28-32 degrees, and Ha is 1-20 mm;
the cross section of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure is prismatic-like, and the passing radius of the adjacent edge of the prismatic-like is RlThe round angle of the steel plate is transited;
the micro non-smooth bionic structure is formed by closely arranging a plurality of flaky structures;
a plurality of micro non-smooth structures are arranged on the scale-shaped structure;
the micro non-smooth structure is a micro convex rib structure;
the section of the micro convex rib structure is of a similar tooth shape, and the outlines of two sides of the similar tooth shape can be fitted into an asymptote;
the height of the tooth-like shape is Hs60 to 100 μm, and a base width of WsThe distance between every two adjacent micro-rib structures is Ls＝100～240μm。
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures are arranged on the tool bit in any one of a 1-shaped form, a Chinese character pin form or an S-shaped form.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
in the arrangement mode of the shape of the Chinese character '1', 'Ping' or 'S', wedge-shaped cutting edges are distributed between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures, and two cutting surfaces of the wedge-shaped cutting edges are intersected to form a cutting surface intersection line;
the distance between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures is Ll＝(1～6)Rl；
The edge angle of the wedge-shaped cutting edge is the same as the head edge angle of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the curve of the claw tip of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure can be fitted into a curve with the radius rlThe radius of the arc is rl＝0.2～2.0mm。
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure has a certain inclination angle;
if the tool bit has bevels of different curvatures, the inclination angle is described as: making a tangent line of an arc of the cutter head where the structure is located through the centroid of the bottom surface of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure, wherein an included angle between a connecting line of the centroid of the bottom and the vertex of the claw tip of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure and the normal line of the centroid of the bottom is the inclination angle of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure, and the range of the inclination angle is betal＝12°～20°。
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the scale-shaped structure is a diamond structure, and two included angles of the diamond structure are 60 degrees and 120 degrees respectively;
3-7 micro convex rib structures are arranged on the scale-shaped structure at equal intervals;
the trend of the micro convex rib structure on the cutter face is parallel to the rotation direction of the spiral reamer.
The invention also discloses a vacuum pug mill, wherein at least one of the parts which are contacted with the soil in the vacuum pug mill is also provided with the micro non-smooth bionic structure.
The invention relates to a bionic spiral reamer of a pugging machine, which is used in a vacuum pugging machine and comprises a reamer shaft and a spiral reamer arranged on the reamer shaft; the tool bit of the spiral reamer is provided with a claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure obtained by simulating a forefoot claw-toe structure of the oriental mole cricket; at least one knife face of the spiral reamer is provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure obtained through a body surface micro convex rib structure of a bionic shark. Through set up claw and toe wedge bionic structure on the tool bit and set up the mode of miniature non-smooth bionic structure on the knife face, can obtain the antepoda claw and toe structure's of similar oriental mole cricket the performance of falling of hindering to and the visbreaking desorption performance of the little fin structure of body surface of similar shark, and then can solve the defect that prior art exists.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the position of the bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill of the invention installed on a vacuum pug mill;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a continuous helical reamer and a discontinuous helical reamer in the bionic helical reamer of the pug mill of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the forefoot, paw and toe structures and the paw and toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 of the oriental mole cricket in the bionic spiral reamer of the pugging machine of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of three arrangement modes of claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22 in the bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the claw and toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22 arranged on two different cutter heads in a shape like a Chinese character '1' in the bionic helical reamer of the pug mill of the invention and a sectional view of a blade between the two claw and toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement and cross-sectional structure of the micro non-smooth bionic structure 24 in the bionic helical reamer of the pug mill of the present invention;
in the above figures, the letter "1" 27a, "S" 27b, "Ping" 27 c;
in fig. 5, the first drawing in the first row is a side view of the linear helical reamer, the second drawing in the first row is a side view of the curved helical reamer, and the first drawing in the second row is a partial side view of the cutter head of the linear helical reamer arranged in a 1 shape; the second row and the second picture are partial side views of the cutter head of the curve type spiral reamer arranged in a shape like the Chinese character '1'; the third row of figures is a cross-sectional view of the wedge blade 25 in a "1" arrangement;
in fig. 6, the right side view is a sectional view of the scale-like structure 241.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a bionic spiral reamer of a pug mill and a vacuum pug mill, which can obtain the resistance reduction performance of a forefoot paw-toe structure similar to an oriental mole cricket and the viscosity reduction desorption performance of a body surface micro convex rib structure similar to sharks by arranging a paw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure on a cutter head and arranging a micro non-smooth bionic structure on a cutter surface, thereby overcoming the defects in the prior art.
Before proceeding to the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the following two descriptions are first required:
firstly, the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure mainly simulates the forefoot claw-toe structure of the self mole cricket, but other animals such as wild pigs using bucktooth for turning earth, badgers using claw-toe for digging earth and holes, pangolin animals and the like all have claw-shaped bionic structures similar to mole crickets, so although the species of the animals are different, the purposes of the claw-shaped bionic structure are almost the same, the claw-shaped shape and the material of the claw-shaped bionic structure are basically the same, and the claw-shaped bionic structure has excellent earth-contacting resistance-reducing performance; therefore, all the claw-shaped bionic structures designed by the bionic principle on the above species but not limited to the above species are used for resistance reduction research of the bionic spiral reamer of the vacuum pugging machine or based on the embodiments, and the embodiments belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Secondly, the micro non-smooth bionic structure is mainly bionic from a micro convex rib structure on the body surface of the shark, but other marine organisms such as dolphin, whale and the like which are good at swimming, soil organisms such as dung beetle, pangolin, earthworm and the like, and the body surface of the micro non-smooth bionic structure also has a micro convex rib structure similar to the shark. Although the living environments of the organisms are different, the micro-non-smooth structure unique to the body surface has excellent visbreaking and desorption properties. Therefore, all the viscosity reduction researches on the bionic spiral reamer of the vacuum pugging machine or based on the embodiment of the invention on the micro non-smooth structure designed by the bionic principle of the above species but not limited to the above species belong to the protection scope of the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail and clearly with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill of the invention is used in a vacuum pug mill, and comprises a reamer shaft 1 and a spiral reamer 2 arranged on the reamer shaft 1;
a claw and toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 obtained by simulating a forefoot claw and toe structure of the oriental mole cricket is arranged on a cutter head 21 of the spiral reamer 2;
at least one knife surface 23 of the spiral reamer 2 is provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure 24 obtained by a body surface micro convex rib structure of a bionic shark;
the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 is similar to a horn shape and has a square wedge angle;
the head edge angle of the square wedge angle is alphalThe height is 28-32 degrees, and Ha is 1-20 mm;
the cross section of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 is prismatic-like, and the passing radius of the adjacent edge of the prismatic-like is RlThe round angle of the steel plate is transited;
the micro non-smooth bionic structure 24 is formed by closely arranging a plurality of scale-shaped structures 241;
a plurality of micro non-smooth structures 242 are arranged on the scale-like structure 241;
the micro non-smooth structure 242 is a micro convex rib structure;
the section of the micro convex rib structure is of a similar tooth shape, and the outlines of two sides of the similar tooth shape can be fitted into an asymptote;
the height of the tooth-like shape is Hs60 to 100 μm, and a base width of WsThe distance between every two adjacent micro-rib structures is Ls＝100～240μm。
In the embodiment of the invention, the paw toe bionic structure 22 with the same resistance reduction capability as the forefoot toe structure of the mole cricket orientalis and the micro non-smooth bionic structure 24 with the same viscosity reduction capability as the body surface micro-convex rib structure of the shark are respectively obtained through the forefoot paw toe structure 001 of the mole cricket orientalis and the body surface micro-convex rib structure of the shark. It should be noted that the spiral reamer 2 is divided into a continuous type and a discontinuous type, please refer to fig. 2, the upper part of fig. 2 is the discontinuous spiral reamer, the lower part is the continuous spiral reamer, the cutter head 21 is the cutting part of the cutter, the function of crushing pug is played in the vacuum pug mill, the cutter head of the continuous spiral reamer is curved, and the cutter head of the discontinuous spiral reamer is linear; the micro non-smooth bionic structure 24 may be disposed on only the pushing blade surface, or may be disposed on two blade surfaces disposed on two sides of the cutter head 21, which is not limited herein. Set up claw toe wedge bionic structure 22 through the tool bit 21 at the bionical spiral reamer of pugging machine and can reduce the resistance that tool bit 21 met when impelling to set up the adhesion that miniature non-smooth bionic structure 24 can reduce between knife face 23 and the earth through the knife face 23 at the bionical spiral reamer of pugging machine, and then can solve the defect that prior art exists.
In the embodiment of the invention, the practical mole cricket forefoot paw toe structure is more complicated, which is not beneficial to the practical research and the subsequent production and manufacture taking the structure as the blue book, so the form and the structure of the mole cricket are improvedAnd carrying out appropriate optimization. The optimized claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 eliminates the back convex ribs, the concave grooves among the convex ribs and the fine cilia of the feet of the front foot claw-toe structure of the mole cricket. And fitting the structures of the front paws and the toes of the mole cricket, and drawing a simplified fitting curve to obtain the change characteristics that the curvature close to the tips of the structures of the front paws and the toes of the mole cricket is larger, and the curvature shows reduction, increase and reduction when the structure is transited to the paws and the toes. Meanwhile, the contour form of the tip of the front foot, the paw and the toe of the mole cricket can be fitted into the shape with the radius of rlThe structure also has less stress concentration and has higher mechanical strength and wear resistance. The structure of the square wedge angle can be easily known by the shape of the cross section, and will not be described in detail herein. It should be noted that the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 of the present invention is similar to a "bugle" in real life, and more particularly, the projection point of the vertex of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 is located in the range of the bottom surface.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22 are arranged on the tool bit 21 in any one of a 1-shaped form, a Chinese character pin form or an S-shaped form.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
in the arrangement mode of the shape of a Chinese character '1', 'Ping' or 'S', a wedge-shaped cutting edge 25 is distributed between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22, and two cutting surfaces of the wedge-shaped cutting edge 25 are intersected to form a cutting surface intersection line 26;
the distance between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22 is Ll＝(1～6)Rl；
The edge angle of the wedge-shaped blade 25 is the same as the head edge angle of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22.
In the embodiment of the invention, the arrangement mode of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22 on the cutter head of the spiral reamer of the pugging machine can be correspondingly obtained by referring to the interval distribution arrangement mode of 4 claw-shaped structures on the front foot claw-toe structure of the mole cricket. In order to adapt to different cutter head shapes and the widths of blades of the spiral reamer, three arrangement modes of a 1 shape 27a, an S shape 27b and a Ping shape 27c are designed. A wedge-shaped cutting edge 25 is arranged between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22 on the cutter head of the spiral reamer, and the cutting edge angle of the wedge-shaped bionic structures can be equal to the head cutting edge angle of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22. Generally, different arrangement modes are selected according to the thickness of the helical reamer blades, the arrangement modes are not limited to the three types listed above, and other arrangement modes such as '' arrangement and 'hui' arrangement can also achieve the resistance reduction capability of the claw-shaped bionic structure. Therefore, all the resistance reduction research for the bionic spiral reamer of the vacuum pugging machine by using the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 by using the arrangement mode but not limited to the arrangement mode or the embodiment based on the resistance reduction research belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the curve of the tip of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 can be fitted to be r in radiuslThe radius of the arc is rl＝0.2～2.0mm。
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 has a certain inclination angle;
if the cutting head 21 presents bevels of different curvatures, it can be described for the angle of inclination: making a tangent line of an arc of the tool bit 21 where the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 is located through the centroid of the bottom surface of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22, wherein an included angle between a connecting line of the centroid of the bottom and the vertex of the claw tip of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 and the normal line of the centroid of the bottom is the inclination angle of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22, and the range of the inclination angle is betal＝12°～20°。
It should be noted that the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 has a certain inclination angle βlThe resistance that the reamer got into the mud material can be showing to reduce, helps the dispersion mud material pressure, reduces and touches mud area. The claw-toe wedge bionic structure 22 has a prismatic wedge angle, an inclination angle and the bottom size and height thereof, which can be determined according to the thickness of the spiral reamer, the shape of the cutter head of the spiral reamer, the rotation diameter of the spiral reamer and the arrangement mode.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the scale-shaped structure 241 is a diamond structure, and two included angles of the diamond structure are 60 degrees and 120 degrees respectively;
3-7 micro convex rib structures are arranged on the scale-shaped structure 241 at equal intervals;
the trend of the micro convex rib structure on the knife surface 23 is parallel to the rotation direction of the spiral reamer 2.
The shapes of the scale and the micro-convex rib of the shield shell are optimized by analyzing and simulating the structure of the micro-convex rib on the body surface of the shark. The scale of the shield shell can be approximate to a rhombus, and the two scales are closely arranged; the waist line of the section of the micro convex rib can be approximate to an asymptote, and the transition curve at the top end of the convex rib is fitted into a circular arc. The structure also has better wear resistance and is easy to process and manufacture. That is, the scale-like structure 241 can be a diamond-like structure, wherein two included angles of the diamond-like structure are 60 ° and 120 °, and the number of the micro-ribs on each scale can be controlled to be 3-7. The distance between every two bionic micro convex ribs can be selected according to the width of the convex ribs, and is generally (1.2-2.0) ws. Each scale-like structure 241 has a plurality of micro-projecting rib structures. Considering that the overall size of the scale-like structure 241 is too small due to too small a micro-convex rib structure, and the abrasive material in the slurry will correspondingly reduce the service life of the micro-non-smooth structure 242, the size should not be too small, and the specific size and the number of the micro-convex rib structures can be selected according to the size of the helical reamer and the characteristics of the slurry, and are not limited herein.
Generally, the diameter of the helical reamer blade, the particle size of the raw material, the water content of the raw material, and the like are designed or selected, and the arrangement is not limited to the above-mentioned manner in which the scale-like structure 241 is a diamond structure and the scale-like structure 241 have the micro-convex rib structure arranged at equal intervals, and the scale-like structure 241 has the shape of "triangle", "regular hexagon", "semi (oval) circle", or the like, or the micro-convex rib structure is arranged at the scale-like structure 241 at the equal interval, so that the viscosity reducing ability of the micro-convex rib structure can be achieved. Therefore, all the viscosity reduction research on the bionic spiral reamer for the vacuum pugging machine by using the arrangement mode but not limited to the arrangement mode or the embodiment based on the viscosity reduction research belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the working principle and advantages of the bionic spiral reamer of the pugging machine of the invention are described below with the case that the bionic spiral reamer of the pugging machine is installed in a vacuum pugging machine:
it should be noted that the structure of the vacuum pug mill is only used as an example, and the bionic spiral reamer of the vacuum pug mill can only be used in the vacuum pug mill with the structure. The vacuum pugging machine generally comprises a motor 01, a coupler 02, a gearbox 03, a feeding hole 04, a discontinuous spiral reamer I05, an upper reamer shaft 06, an upper mud-extruding cylinder 07, a continuous spiral reamer I08, a sieve plate 09, a vacuum pipeline 010, a cutoff reamer 011, a window and lighting device 012, a vacuum meter 013, a vacuum chamber 014, a discontinuous spiral reamer II 015, a lower mud-extruding cylinder 016, a continuous spiral reamer II 017, a lower reamer shaft 018, a machine head 019 and a machine nozzle 020; wherein the motor 01 provides power and transmits power and torque through the coupling 02. The gearbox 03 distributes kinetic energy from the power of the motor through internal mechanisms to the upper reamer shaft 06 and the lower reamer shaft 018.
The spiral reamers are divided into two types according to different working procedure sections, one type is a discontinuous spiral reamer arranged at a feed inlet 04 of the vacuum pug mill and on a shaft section in a vacuum chamber 014, and the cutter head of the discontinuous spiral reamer is linear; one type is a continuous helical reamer mounted on other shaft sections, the cutter head of which is curved. The installation positions of the discontinuous spiral reamer I05 and the discontinuous spiral reamer II 015 are generally respectively positioned in a primary mixing process section and a secondary mixing process section; the installation positions of the continuous spiral reamer I08 and the continuous spiral reamer II 017 are generally respectively positioned in a pug conveying section H2 and a pug extrusion section H4.
When in work: firstly, pug enters from a feed inlet 04, a discontinuous spiral reamer I05 arranged on an upper reamer shaft 06 is used for crushing, rolling and mixing pug with the problems of caking, looseness, uneven water content and the like to extrude the pug with relatively uniform air content; then a continuous spiral reamer I08 which is arranged on the upper reamer shaft 06 and is positioned in front of the vacuum chamber 014 conveys the pug from the primary mixing section H1 to the screen plate 09 through the upper mud extruding cylinder 07, and the pug is extruded on the screen plate 09 and is divided into slender pug strips; then, a cut-off reamer 011, which is positioned in the vacuum chamber 014 and is installed at the rear end of the upper reamer shaft 06, cuts the slender mud strips into fine mud segments so as to rapidly pump out the air in the mud in the vacuum chamber 014. In the process, an operator can check the state of the pug in the vacuum chamber through the window and the lighting device 012, and the vacuum gauge 013 is used for displaying the vacuum state in the vacuum chamber.
Then a discontinuous spiral reamer II 015 which is arranged on the lower reamer shaft 018 and is positioned right below the vacuum chamber 014 is used for mixing and compacting again the pug which is taken out air and is divided into fine pug strips by the sieve plate 09 and the cutoff reamer 011, and more uniform and compact pug is extruded; then a continuous spiral reamer II 017 is arranged on the lower reamer shaft 018 and positioned in front of the machine head 019, the compact pug in the vacuum chamber 014 is conveyed to the machine head 019 through the lower mud extrusion cylinder 016, and finally the pug is extruded out of the machine nozzle 020. In the process of extruding the pug out of the machine nozzle 020, the conical structures of the machine head 019 and the machine nozzle 020 can shape, thin and tightly extrude the pug, and therefore the knife face of the continuous spiral reamer II 017 bears the extrusion force from the pug, which is larger than that of the previous shaft section.
In the process of stirring mud, the discontinuous spiral reamer I05 can crack and burst slurry due to the fact that mud which is just added into the feeding hole 04 is extruded by the reamer. When the continuous spiral reamer I08 is used for rotary cutting and is extruded into relatively compact mud by the discontinuous reamer at the front part, the reamer is also under the action of larger resistance of the mud. In order to solve the problems, the thickness of the spiral blade can be reduced under the permission of strength, and the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 is additionally arranged on the spiral reamer, wherein the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 can adopt a simpler 1-shaped arrangement mode 27 a. A wedge-shaped blade 25 is arranged between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures 22.
Because pug density distribution is inhomogeneous, the caking is comparatively serious, when the less pug of moisture content was wrapped in the great material of a certain amount of moisture content, discontinuous spiral reamer 05 is stirring mud in-process and can't carry out effective broken the mixing to the dry pug under "free" state, and this phenomenon can show and reduce pug mixing effect and stir mud efficiency. In order to solve the problems, the two sides of the reamer adopt a scaly structure 241 with viscosity reduction characteristics, and the surface of the reamer is relatively unsmooth, so that the effect of rolling mud can be achieved while the adhesion of the mud is reduced, the 'coating' phenomenon of mud on mud blocks is effectively improved, and the mud mixing efficiency is improved.
When the continuous spiral reamer II 017 works, although the cutter head can bear larger resistance to relatively compact mud, the whole section of the cutter head only needs one cutter head to cut into the mud. Because this section spiral reamer needs extrude the pug, consequently the blade of spiral reamer need reach the intensity requirement of material in order to satisfy the great extrusion force of the relative blade of pug. The strength condition can be satisfied by properly increasing the thickness of the blade of the helical reamer, but the thickness of the blade cannot be too large, because the extruded pug has serious S-shaped and Y-shaped cracks. At this time, the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 can be additionally arranged on the spiral reamer, wherein the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 can adopt an S-shaped arrangement mode 27 b.
Above-mentioned spiral reamer transports and extrudees the pug in transport section H2 and extrusion section H4, and great extrusion force can make the pug closely adhere on continuous spiral reamer one 08 and continuous spiral reamer two 017, and the pug also has certain adhesion effect to the section of thick bamboo wall of last extrusion section of thick bamboo 07 and lower extrusion section of thick bamboo 016 simultaneously, and this layering that can lead to near the pug in spiral reamer top can increase calorific capacity, seriously influences pug extrusion efficiency and quality. In order to solve the problems, the two sides of the first continuous spiral reamer 08 and/or the second continuous spiral reamer 017 are both provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure 24, the structure can obviously reduce the thickness of a solid mud layer close to a rotating shaft, weaken the effect of mud materials rotating together with the rotating shaft, further improve the mud squeezing efficiency of the vacuum pug mill, and effectively reduce the layering phenomenon of the mud materials near the top of the spiral reamer and improve the quality of the mud materials.
The pug of the mixed processing of the second discontinuous helical reamer 015 is a tiny pug section which is cut after being tightly extruded and is evacuated of air by a vacuum pump, and compared with the pug of the initial mixing section H1 and the conveying section H2, the pug is compacter, the density is larger, the plasticity of the pug is higher, and the water content is relatively more uniform. Therefore, considering the operating environment of the discontinuous spiral reamer II 015 at the secondary mixing section H3, the claw-shaped bionic structure at the cutter head needs to have better mixing and tearing effects, and the micro non-smooth bionic structures 24 on the two surfaces of the reamer need to have the effects of extruding and rolling mud strips with greater strength. In order to achieve the effect, the strength of the blades of the spiral reamer and the size adaptability among the structures are considered, and the claw-shaped bionic structure can be arranged in a shape like Chinese character 'pin' 27 c; the knife face of the discontinuous spiral reamer II 015 adopts a double-faced micro non-smooth bionic structure 24, and the size of the micro non-smooth structure 242 of the discontinuous spiral reamer II can be slightly larger than that of the micro non-smooth structures 242 of the knife faces of the two previous process sections.
It should be noted that some relational terms such as "first," "second," and the like may be used herein only for describing a manner of distinguishing between two different entities or operations, and do not indicate or imply that a particular relationship or order exists between the entities or operations. Certain terms such as "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, or indication that a process, or article, such as a machine component or piece of equipment, that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or equipment.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 of the bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill of the invention has a good resistance reducing effect, can greatly reduce the resistance of pugs to the reamer head when the spiral reamer cuts into pugs, and effectively prevent the pugs at the feed inlet from splashing; the micro non-smooth bionic structure 24 has a good viscosity reduction and desorption effect, and can effectively reduce the adhesion effect of mud when the spiral reamer rolls and extrudes the mud, and reduce the thickness of a solid mud layer and the layering of the mud. The claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 and the micro non-smooth bionic structure can be matched with spiral reamers and pugs with different characteristics in different arrangement modes. By introducing the bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill with viscosity and resistance reducing characteristics, the efficiency of the pug mill and the quality of extruded pug can be integrally improved, and the bionic spiral reamer has a very wide market prospect.
The bionic spiral reamer of the pugging machine is used in a vacuum pugging machine and comprises a reamer shaft 1 and a spiral reamer 2 arranged on the reamer shaft 1; a claw and toe wedge-shaped bionic structure 22 obtained by simulating a forefoot claw and toe structure of the oriental mole cricket is arranged on a cutter head 21 of the spiral reamer 2; at least one knife surface 23 of the spiral reamer 2 is provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure 24 obtained by a body surface micro convex rib structure of a bionic shark. Through set up claw and toe wedge bionic structure 22 on tool bit 21 and set up the mode of miniature non-smooth bionic structure 24 on knife face 23, can obtain the anterior foot claw and toe structure's of similar oriental mole cricket the performance of falling of hindering to and the visbreaking desorption performance of the little fin structure of body surface of similar shark, and then can solve the defect that prior art exists.
The bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill is introduced, wherein the characteristics of viscosity reduction and resistance reduction brought by the bionic spiral reamer are emphasized, the vacuum pug mill is introduced, and the micro non-smooth bionic structure is further arranged on at least one of parts in the vacuum pug mill, wherein the parts are in contact with soil.
It can be clearly understood from the description of the embodiment of the bionic spiral reamer of the pugging machine, the structural characteristic of the micro non-smooth bionic structure is viscosity reduction and desorption, and if a plurality of positions and parts in the vacuum pugging machine can obtain viscosity reduction and desorption capacity, the performance of the vacuum pugging machine can be greatly improved. The vacuum pug mill is characterized in that at least one of parts in contact with soil in the vacuum pug mill is also provided with the miniature non-smooth bionic structure, the parts in contact with soil can be a wall cylinder, a vacuum chamber, a machine head, a machine nozzle and the like, and the miniature non-smooth bionic structure can play roles in resistance reduction, viscosity reduction and desorption. Therefore, the application of the micro non-smooth bionic structure to the components of the vacuum pug mill but not limited to the listed components, the research on the viscosity reduction and desorption of the pug of the vacuum pug mill by the micro non-smooth bionic structure or the embodiment based on the research are all within the protection scope of the invention.
The above description describes in detail the bionic helical reamer of a pugging machine, and persons skilled in the art may change the concept of the embodiment of the present invention in terms of the specific implementation and application range.
Claims (7)
1. A bionic spiral reamer of a pugging machine is used in a vacuum pugging machine and is characterized by comprising a reamer shaft and a spiral reamer arranged on the reamer shaft;
the tool bit of the spiral reamer is provided with a claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure obtained by simulating a forefoot claw-toe structure of the oriental mole cricket;
at least one cutter face of the spiral reamer is provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure obtained through a body surface micro convex rib structure of a bionic shark;
the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure is similar to a horn shape and has a square wedge angle;
the head edge angle of the square wedge angle is alphalThe height is 28-32 degrees, and Ha is 1-20 mm;
the cross section of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure is prismatic-like, and the passing radius of the adjacent edge of the prismatic-like is RlThe round angle of the steel plate is transited;
the micro non-smooth bionic structure is formed by closely arranging a plurality of flaky structures;
a plurality of micro non-smooth structures are arranged on the scale-shaped structure;
the micro non-smooth structure is a micro convex rib structure;
the section of the micro convex rib structure is of a similar tooth shape, and the outlines of two sides of the similar tooth shape can be fitted into an asymptote;
the height of the tooth-like shape is Hs60 to 100 μm, and a base width of WsThe distance between every two adjacent micro-rib structures is Ls＝100～240μm。
2. The bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill as claimed in claim 1, wherein the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures are arranged on the cutter head in any one of a 1-shaped shape, a Ping-I shape or an S shape.
3. The bionic spiral reamer of the pugging machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the arrangement of the shape of 1, the shape of Chinese character pin or the shape of S, a wedge-shaped cutting edge is distributed between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures, and two cutting surfaces of the wedge-shaped cutting edge are intersected to form a cutting surface intersection line;
the distance between the two claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structures is Ll＝(1～6)Rl；
The edge angle of the wedge-shaped cutting edge is the same as the head edge angle of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure.
4. The bionic helical reamer of pug mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the curve of the tip of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure can be fitted to a radius rlThe radius of the arc is rl＝0.2～2.0mm。
5. The bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure has a certain inclination angle;
if the tool bit has bevels of different curvatures, the inclination angle is described as: making a tangent line of an arc of the cutter head where the structure is located through the centroid of the bottom surface of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure, wherein an included angle between a connecting line of the centroid of the bottom and the vertex of the claw tip of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure and the normal line of the centroid of the bottom is the inclination angle of the claw-toe wedge-shaped bionic structure, and the range of the inclination angle is betal＝12°～20°。
6. The bionic spiral reamer of the pug mill as claimed in claim 5, wherein the scale-shaped structure is a rhomboid structure, and two included angles of the rhomboid structure are 60 degrees and 120 degrees respectively;
3-7 micro convex rib structures are arranged on the scale-shaped structure at equal intervals;
the trend of the micro convex rib structure on the cutter face is parallel to the rotation direction of the spiral reamer.
7. A vacuum pug mill, characterized in that at least one of the parts which contact with the soil in the vacuum pug mill is also provided with a micro non-smooth bionic structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011005800.4A CN112356265B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Bionic spiral reamer of pug mill and vacuum pug mill |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011005800.4A CN112356265B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Bionic spiral reamer of pug mill and vacuum pug mill |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112356265A CN112356265A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
| CN112356265B true CN112356265B (en) | 2022-04-29 |
Family
ID=74506426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011005800.4A Active CN112356265B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Bionic spiral reamer of pug mill and vacuum pug mill |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112356265B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118493608B (en) * | 2024-07-22 | 2024-09-20 | 兴化市新盛特种陶瓷厂 | Ceramic raw material pugging machine for ceramic processing |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106064250A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2016-11-02 | 肯纳金属公司 | Strengthen chip instrument and the manufacture method thereof of chip removal ability |
| CN106677241A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-17 | 河海大学常州校区 | Bionic dredging reamer |
| CN110424484A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-08 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of bionical wedge-shaped dredging reamer tooth |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7451836B2 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2008-11-18 | Smith International, Inc. | Advanced expandable reaming tool |
-
2020
- 2020-09-22 CN CN202011005800.4A patent/CN112356265B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106064250A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2016-11-02 | 肯纳金属公司 | Strengthen chip instrument and the manufacture method thereof of chip removal ability |
| CN106677241A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-17 | 河海大学常州校区 | Bionic dredging reamer |
| CN110424484A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-08 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of bionical wedge-shaped dredging reamer tooth |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 仿蝼蛄前爪趾形新型仿生截齿的设计与研究;王春华等;《机械设计》;20180228;第35卷(第2期);第82-86页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112356265A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU627290B2 (en) | Drilling | |
| CN112356265B (en) | Bionic spiral reamer of pug mill and vacuum pug mill | |
| CN205466899U (en) | Device is smashed to old and useless rubber | |
| CN1098402C (en) | Cutting tool for drilling concrete, aggregate or masonry | |
| CN88100385A (en) | Tobacco material processing | |
| CN205649313U (en) | Horizontal screw extrusion food preparation machine of easy feeding | |
| CN205604234U (en) | Stirring stake stirring vane device | |
| CN111015907A (en) | Production device of straw building blocks | |
| CN101638266A (en) | Unround ceramsite and preparation system thereof | |
| CN101745680B (en) | Cemented carbide profile milling cutter with large helix angle | |
| CN214871454U (en) | Novel scraper for cutting aerated concrete | |
| CN111887359A (en) | Pollution-free laying hen feed and processing equipment thereof | |
| CN205416000U (en) | A stirring vane for stirring concrete | |
| CN113508675A (en) | White radish pulling type combined harvesting viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel and harvester | |
| CN210192594U (en) | Ash discharge groove of impeller feeder | |
| CN214439585U (en) | Chain hammer type plastic crusher | |
| CN2186605Y (en) | Double-thread grading groove lining plate | |
| CN209824506U (en) | Rotary cutting mechanism bevel type cutter assembly | |
| CN2492309Y (en) | Combined hammer plate type kneading and crushing machine rotor | |
| CN1395842A (en) | Method and apparatus for preparing dough with fruit-vegetable stuffed and edible oil | |
| CN209759324U (en) | Crushing knife used in equipment for processing poultry manure organic fertilizer particles | |
| CN211781196U (en) | Feeding device of biomass boiler | |
| CN217943801U (en) | A go up glassware for asphalt concrete production | |
| CN206763051U (en) | One kind, which promotes, crushes structure | |
| CN201095167Y (en) | Diamond cutter head |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |