CN112338210A - 多主轴车床 - Google Patents

多主轴车床 Download PDF

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CN112338210A
CN112338210A CN202010789158.7A CN202010789158A CN112338210A CN 112338210 A CN112338210 A CN 112338210A CN 202010789158 A CN202010789158 A CN 202010789158A CN 112338210 A CN112338210 A CN 112338210A
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tool
spindle
chamber
machining
spindles
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泉井泰希
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Okuma Corp
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Okuma Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15706—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a single tool being inserted in a spindle directly from a storage device, i.e. without using transfer devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/30—Turning-machines with two or more working-spindles, e.g. in fixed arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
    • B23B25/06—Measuring, gauging, or adjusting equipment on turning-machines for setting-on, feeding, controlling, or monitoring the cutting tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
    • B23Q3/15539—Plural magazines, e.g. involving tool transfer from one magazine to another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
    • B23Q39/021—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like
    • B23Q39/022—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder
    • B23Q39/023—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder simultaneous working of toolheads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
    • B23Q39/021—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like
    • B23Q39/022—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder
    • B23Q39/024—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder consecutive working of toolheads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/08—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with a plurality of vertical working-spindles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q2039/002—Machines with twin spindles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/306776—Axially
    • Y10T409/307168—Plural cutters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/11—Tool changing with safety means
    • Y10T483/115—Guard
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/179—Direct tool exchange between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/1793—Spindle comprises tool changer
    • Y10T483/1795—Matrix indexes selected tool to transfer position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/18—Tool transfer to or from matrix
    • Y10T483/1845—Plural matrices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供防止由切削粉末引起的刀具更换动作不良且提高机械操作上的自由度的多主轴车床。在刀具收纳室(5)中对应于左右的各主轴(9A、9B)设有作为刀具更换装置的左右的刀具库(10A、10B)。针对各主轴(9A、9B)分别设有在加工室(4)与刀具收纳室(5)之间出入时进行开闭的左右的闸板(13A、13B)。

Description

多主轴车床
技术领域
本发明涉及车床，特别涉及具有多个主轴的多主轴车床。
背景技术
在具备加工室和刀具收纳室并通过主轴进行加工的车床中，主轴的数量通常设为一个，但已知具备两个以上主轴的多主轴车床(专利文献1)。在多主轴车床中，通过始终以特定的主轴进行加工来提高生产率。
在专利文献1的技术中，针对两根主轴使用两根刀具更换臂，在加工室与刀具收纳室之间出入时进行开闭的ATC闸板设为一个，另外，保管更换用刀具的刀具库也设为一个。
需要说明的是，作为车床的刀具更换装置(ATC)，已知使用刀具更换臂的装置和不使用刀具更换臂的装置(无臂式ATC)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2000-326171号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
在多主轴车床中，在不使用刀具更换臂地进行刀具的自动交换的情况下，始终以特定的主轴进行加工，因此，在加工结束后进行需要更换刀具的主轴的刀具更换时，无法在其动作中途关闭ATC闸板。因此，存在由加工中的主轴产生的切削粉末等异物附着在加工结束后需要进行刀具更换的主轴的锥面、刀具的锥面上，导致刀具更换动作不良的问题。另外，为了避免该由切削粉末引起的问题，还存在需要针对多主轴的刀具同时通过ATC动作进行刀具更换、出现机械操作上的制约的问题。
本发明的目的在于提供防止由切削粉末引起的刀具更换动作不良且提高机械操作上的自由度的多主轴车床。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明的多主轴车床为具备加工室和刀具收纳室并通过多个主轴进行加工的车床，其特征在于，在刀具收纳室中对应于各主轴设有刀具更换装置，并针对各主轴分别设有在加工室与刀具收纳室之间出入时进行开闭的闸板。
根据本发明的多主轴车床，各闸板通常位于闭位置，在从使用某个主轴的加工向使用其他主轴的加工切换的情况下，仅在各主轴在加工室与刀具收纳室之间出入时使相应的闸板移动至开位置，除此以外，各闸板被维持在闭位置。因此能够防止加工中的切削粉末进入刀具收纳室，防止由切削粉末引起的刀具更换动作不良。
在此，刀具更换后的主轴既可以在加工室中待机，也可以在刀具收纳室中待机，因此通过使上述主轴在刀具收纳室中待机，能够防止在加工室中待机的主轴与加工物干涉，实现加工区域的扩大。
另外，在刀具收纳室中对应于各主轴设有刀具更换装置，因此能够实现多个主轴的不同时机的刀具更换，机械操作上的自由度提高。
优选刀具更换装置为不使用刀具更换臂的无臂式ATC。
无臂式ATC与使用刀具更换臂的ATC相比，具有价格便宜且设置空间很小即可的优点，但具有刀具更换时间长的缺点。根据上述的多主轴车床，由于能够一边继续加工一边在加工期间进行刀具更换，因此即使刀具更换时间增长，也不会影响总的加工时间，能够消除无臂式ATC具有的缺点而发挥其优点。
发明效果
根据本发明的多主轴车床，由于针对各主轴分别设有在加工室与刀具收纳室之间出入时进行开闭的闸板，因此能够防止由切削粉末引起的刀具更换动作不良，且能够提高机械操作上的自由度。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的多主轴车床具备两个主轴的情况的一实施方式的立体图。
图2是示出在该实施方式中，一个主轴位于加工室而另一主轴位于刀具收纳室中的情况的立体图。
附图标记说明
1：车床
4：加工室
5：刀具收纳室
9A、9B：左右的主轴
10A、10B：左右的刀具库(刀具更换装置)
13A、13B：左右的闸板
具体实施方式
以下参照图1及图2说明本发明的多主轴车床的实施方式。在以下的说明中，将加工室侧称为前，将刀具收纳室侧称为后，左右设为从前向后观察的情况下的左右。
多主轴车床1具有左右并排的两个主轴9A、9B，在作为基台发挥功能的床身2的后侧固定有左右立柱3A、3B。并且，床身2的前侧被设为加工室4，在加工室4的后侧隔着分隔壁6设有刀具收纳室5。
在加工室4中配置有支承加工物并能够旋转及左右移动的工作台(图示省略)，通过交替使用两个主轴9A、9B进行加工，从而能够进行高效的加工。
在左右立柱3A、3B的上端部，左右的座架7A、7B以能够前后移动的方式设置。在左右的座架7A、7B上，左右的滑枕8A、8B以能够上下移动的方式设置。左右的主轴9A、9B安装在左右的滑枕8A、8B的下端部。
在刀具收纳室5中，对应于左右的主轴9A、9B而设有保管更换用刀具的左右的刀具库10A、10B。各刀具库10A、10B包括将刀具以悬挂的方式保持在周围的圆盘11和使该圆盘11旋转的马达12。
各刀具库10A、10B构成无臂式刀具更换装置(无臂式ATC)，在各主轴9A、9B与各刀具库10A、10B之间，能够不使用更换臂而利用圆盘11的旋转和主轴9A、9B的相对移动(使主轴9A、9B移动的座架7A、7B及滑枕8A、8B的相对移动)直接进行刀具的授受。
图1示出两个主轴9A、9B在加工室4中待机的状态，图2示出一个主轴9A位于加工室4而另一主轴9B位于刀具收纳室5中的状态。
在分隔壁6上对应于各主轴9A、9B设有主轴通过用开口及使该开口开闭的左右的闸板13A、13B，其中，该主轴通过用开口向上方开口，供各主轴9A、9B在加工室4与刀具收纳室5之间出入。各闸板13A、13B通常位于图中以双点划线示出的闭位置，在需要时暂时位于开位置(移动至图中的左侧)，在各主轴9A、9B的出入结束后，立即返回闭位置。闸板13A、13B的上方敞开，在各闸板13A、13B位于开位置的情况下，能够避免左右的滑枕8A、8B与分隔壁6干涉地使得各主轴9A、9B在加工室4与刀具收纳室5之间出入。
各刀具库10A、10B配置在能够从左右的闸板13A、13B面对的位置，由此，通过对应于左右的主轴9A、9B设置左右的闸板13A、13B并使左右的闸板13A、13B位于开位置，从而左右的主轴9A、9B能够移动至左右的刀具库10A、10B的配置位置。
根据上述多主轴车床1的实施方式，加工、刀具更换动作例如能够如下进行。
1.在加工室4中，进行使用左侧的主轴9A的加工，然后该加工结束。此时，左侧的闸板13A位于闭位置，另外，在右侧的主轴9B在刀具收纳室5中待机时，右侧的闸板13B位于闭位置。
2.当加工结束时，左侧的闸板13A被设为开位置，左侧的主轴9A从加工室4向刀具收纳室5移动。然后，左侧的闸板13A被设为闭位置。同时，右侧的闸板13B被设为开位置，右侧的主轴9B从刀具收纳室5移动至加工室4。然后，右侧的闸板13B被设为闭位置。
3.在加工室4中，进行使用右侧的主轴9B的加工。同时，在刀具收纳室5中，左侧的滑枕8A上下移动，将左侧的主轴9A的刀具更换为在左侧的刀具库10A中保持的更换用刀具。左侧的闸板13A及右侧的闸板13B维持为闭位置。
4.在加工室4中，继续进行使用右侧的主轴9B的加工，在刀具收纳室5中，左侧的主轴9A的刀具更换完成。左侧的闸板13A被设为开位置，左侧的主轴9A从刀具收纳室5移动至加工室4，在加工室4中待机。然后，左侧的闸板13A被设为闭位置。在此，左侧的主轴9A的从刀具收纳室5向加工室4的移动只要在右侧的主轴9B进行的加工结束之前进行即可，左侧的主轴9A也可以在刀具收纳室5中待机(需要在右侧的主轴9B进行的加工结束时在加工室4中待机。)。
5.当右侧的主轴9B结束加工时，右侧的闸板13B被设为开位置，右侧的主轴9B从加工室4向刀具收纳室5移动。然后，右侧的闸板13B被设为闭位置。
6.使用在加工室4中待机的左侧的主轴9A的加工开始，在刀具收纳室5中，右侧的滑枕8B上下移动，将右侧的主轴9B的刀具更换为在右侧的刀具库10B中保持的更换用刀具。左侧的闸板13A及右侧的闸板13B维持为闭位置。
7.通过重复进行相同的动作，从而能够一边进行刀具更换，一边交替使用左右的主轴9A、9B连续地进行加工。
在上述的加工、刀具更换动作中，各闸板13A、13B通常维持在闭位置，因此能够防止加工中的切削粉末进入刀具收纳室5，防止由切削粉末引起的刀具更换动作不良。另外，刀具更换后的主轴9A、9B既可以在加工室4中待机也可以在刀具收纳室5中待机，因此，通过使其在刀具收纳室5中待机，能够防止在加工室4中待机的主轴9A、9B与加工物干涉，实现加工区域的扩大。
另外，在刀具收纳室5中对应于各主轴9A、9B设有刀具库(刀具更换装置)10A、10B，因此能够实现各主轴9A、9B的不同时机的刀具更换，机械操作上的自由度提高。
需要说明的是，上述实施方式说明了两个主轴9A、9B，但主轴也可以设为三个以上。
另外，刀具更换装置也可以设为使用更换臂的ATC而非无臂式ATC。在设为无臂式ATC的情况下，能够消除无臂式ATC具有的刀具更换时间长的缺点，发挥价格便宜且设置空间很小即可的优点，成为优选的组合。

Claims (2)

1.一种多主轴车床，其为具备加工室和刀具收纳室并通过多个主轴进行加工的车床，该多主轴车床的特征在于，
在刀具收纳室中对应于各主轴设有刀具更换装置，并针对各主轴分别设有在加工室与刀具收纳室之间出入时进行开闭的闸板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的的多主轴车床，其特征在于，
刀具更换装置为不使用刀具更换臂的无臂式ATC。
CN202010789158.7A 2019-08-08 2020-08-07 多主轴车床 Pending CN112338210A (zh)

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