CN112326451B - High-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and fracture limit detection device and method - Google Patents

High-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and fracture limit detection device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112326451B
CN112326451B CN202011210327.3A CN202011210327A CN112326451B CN 112326451 B CN112326451 B CN 112326451B CN 202011210327 A CN202011210327 A CN 202011210327A CN 112326451 B CN112326451 B CN 112326451B
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temperature
disc
sector
sample
convex
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CN112326451A (en
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贾伟涛
雷军义
马立峰
刘聪
王丽娟
马自勇
赵瑞
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Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
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Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003—Steady
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017—Tensile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025—Shearing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222—Temperature
    • G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
    • G01N2203/0423—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for high-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and fracture limit detection, which comprises a computer, an experimental host, a stretching clamp and a heating system, wherein the computer is used for controlling the stretching clamp to stretch in a stretching mode; the stretching clamp comprises a connecting frame for applying a stretching load, a circular loading plate and a sample clamping device, wherein the circular loading plate comprises two concave sector plates and two convex sector plates, an annular boss with a rectangular section is arranged on the circular loading plate along the circumferential direction, positioning grooves are uniformly formed in the inner side wall of the annular boss, positioning flange teeth are arranged on the connecting frame, and two sample clamping devices are respectively arranged on the two convex sector plates; the invention discloses a heating system which comprises an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater, a temperature controller and a telescopic high-temperature resistant shield, can realize pure plane strain conditions, can realize detection of composite breaking strength at any angle and detection of mechanical properties of materials in a high-temperature state, and relates to the technical field of detection of mechanical properties of materials.

Description

High-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and fracture limit detection device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property detection, in particular to a high-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and fracture limit detection device and method.
Background
In engineering practice, the stress pattern of the structural components is often very complex, and if the broken structure is discussed in terms of a single fracture pattern, a large deviation in the results is likely to occur. Under the conditions of rolling, forging, extrusion and the like, the product is in a complex loading state, so that the material fracture performance response under the multiaxial stress state is researched, and the method has important engineering significance for ensuring the safe operation of engineering structural members. The multiaxial stress state has important influence on the ductility, damage mechanism and failure mode of the metal material, and how to accurately test the material performance and calibrate parameters under the composite loading requires simple and reliable test tooling equipment to test the mechanical properties of the test piece completely and systematically so as to ensure the accuracy of testing the material property.
In recent years, many researchers often use different tensile samples to obtain different stress states in a main deformation area, and then reversely calibrating parameters by comparing test results with numerical simulation results. According to the method, when a sample is mounted on a traditional Arcan clamp to test the performance of a sheet material, out-of-plane bending is introduced, namely, an unexpected tearing crack component is added in a tensile/shearing test, so that the testing accuracy is greatly influenced, and in order to overcome out-of-plane load, a pure plane strain condition is urgently required to be created, and a loading condition that tearing fracture is generated under the torsion action is eliminated; the fixture of the device adopts a disc-shaped design, has good symmetry, and does not need a joint between the sample and the fixture, thereby providing a uniform stress state, generating a pure plane strain condition, eliminating the condition that the prior version of the Arcan equipment is subjected to torsion loading, and testing the uniaxial strength, the torsional strength or the combination of the two of the sample. Thus, the improved Arcan clamp facilitates testing a greater range of load conditions. But the angle adjustable by the clamp is limited, and the mechanical property of the material in a high temperature state cannot be measured. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device and method for high temperature multiaxial loaded overall process mechanical response and fracture limit detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, the high-temperature multiaxial loading mechanical response and fracture limit detection device and method capable of realizing pure plane strain conditions, arbitrary angle composite fracture strength detection and material mechanical property detection in a high-temperature state are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the device for detecting the high-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and the fracture limit comprises a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine and a computer, wherein the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine is connected with the computer, and the device is characterized in that: the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine comprises an experimental host, a stretching clamp and a heating system, wherein the stretching clamp and the heating system are arranged on the experimental host;
the experimental host comprises a vertical stretching shaft and a lower base;
the stretching clamp comprises a connecting frame for applying a stretching load, a circular loading plate and a sample clamping device, wherein the circular loading plate comprises two concave sector plates and two convex sector plates, the convex sector plates and the concave sector plates are alternately arranged, and two sides of the convex sector plates and the concave sector plates are respectively provided with a detachable connecting device which is matched with each other;
the circular loading plate is provided with an annular boss with a rectangular section along the circumferential direction, the inner side wall of the annular boss is uniformly provided with positioning grooves, the connecting frame is divided into an upper connecting frame and a lower connecting frame, one end of the connecting frame is connected with the test host, and the other end of the connecting frame is connected with the positioning grooves of the circular loading plate;
the two sample clamping devices are respectively arranged on the two convex sector plates;
the heating system comprises an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater, a temperature controller and a telescopic high-temperature resistant shield, wherein the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater and the temperature controller are connected through wires, two ends of the telescopic high-temperature resistant shield are respectively connected with the same sides of the two convex fan-shaped discs, and the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater is arranged on the telescopic high-temperature resistant shield and corresponds to the mounting position of the sample.
Further, the sample clamping device comprises a bidirectional screw rod, a bearing end cover, two pressing plates and a fastening hole, wherein the bidirectional screw rod is rotationally connected with the convex sector plate through a bearing, the two pressing plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a thread boundary of the bidirectional screw rod, the pressing plates are in threaded connection with the bidirectional screw rod, and the fastening hole is formed in one end of the bidirectional screw rod.
Further, the device also comprises a DIC detection system, wherein the DIC detection system comprises a DIC control system and a DIC shooting system, the DIC shooting system is connected with the DIC control system, the DIC shooting system is arranged in front of the test host, the camera is opposite to the sample mounting position, and the sample in the test process is monitored in real time through the high-temperature-resistant glass window.
Further, one side of the convex fan-shaped disc or the concave fan-shaped disc is provided with a T-shaped clamping block, the other side of the convex fan-shaped disc or the concave fan-shaped disc is provided with a T-shaped clamping groove, the adjacent convex fan-shaped disc and the concave fan-shaped disc are mutually matched through the T-shaped clamping block and the T-shaped clamping groove, and the detachable connecting device comprises a threaded hole and a bolt which are arranged at the mutually overlapped part of the T-shaped clamping block and the T-shaped clamping groove, and the adjacent T-shaped clamping block and the T-shaped clamping groove are connected through the bolt.
Further, go up link and lower link and set up respectively in the upper end and the lower extreme of experimental host computer, the link includes stiff end and clamping end, and the stiff end links to each other with experimental host computer, and the clamping end is provided with the location flange tooth corresponding with the positioning groove of annular boss, is connected through positioning groove and location flange tooth meshing between circular loading plate and the link.
Further, the annular boss is provided with a scale plate corresponding to the positioning groove.
Further, the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater comprises a heat insulation layer, a heat radiation plate and an electromagnetic coil which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater is arranged on one side of the sample, the electromagnetic coil is annularly wrapped between the clamped part of the sample and the notch part of the sample, and a temperature controller is arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater and used for detecting the temperature of the sample in real time.
Further, one side of the sample clamping device is provided with a high-temperature-resistant glass cover matched with the telescopic high-temperature-resistant shield, the other side of the sample clamping device is provided with an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater matched with the telescopic high-temperature-resistant shield, and the upper part and the lower part of the telescopic high-temperature-resistant shield are connected through an elastic organ type structure, so that the sample clamping device can change along with any angle of the clamp, and has good sealing performance.
A high-temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection method, using a device for high-temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the two convex sector plates and the two concave sector plates are respectively a convex sector plate i, a convex sector plate ii, a concave sector plate i and a concave sector plate ii;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, tensile strength detection:
the convex sector disc I and the concave sector disc I are in bolt connection, the convex sector disc II and the concave sector disc II are in bolt connection, and the convex sector disc I and the concave sector disc II and the convex sector disc II and the concave sector disc I are not in bolt connection;
the fixed ends of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame are respectively and fixedly connected with the end part of the vertical stretching shaft of the test host and the lower base, the clamping ends of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame are respectively connected with the positioning grooves of the concave sector plate I and the concave sector plate II, the connecting lines of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame pass through the circle center of the circular loading plate and are collinear with the connecting lines of the two sample clamping devices, an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater is started to heat a sample, the temperature of the sample is monitored through a temperature controller arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater, and a microcomputer control electronic universal tester is started to test the high-temperature stretching mechanical property of the sample;
s2, detecting compression strength:
bolting the convex sector disc I and the concave sector disc II in the step S1, wherein the convex sector disc II and the concave sector disc I are in bolt connection, and the convex sector disc I and the concave sector disc I and the convex sector disc II and the concave sector disc II are not in bolt connection;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to perform high-temperature compression mechanical property test on the sample;
s3, shear strength detection:
rotating the circular loading plate in the step S1 or the step S2 by 90 degrees along the clockwise or anticlockwise direction, so that the connecting line of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame passes through the circle center of the circular loading plate and is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two sample clamping devices, and the connection relation among the convex sector plate I, the convex sector plate II, the concave sector plate I and the concave sector plate II is not changed;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to detect the high-temperature shearing mechanical properties of the sample;
s4, detecting the tensile-shear composite breaking strength:
rotating the circular loading plate in the step S1 clockwise or anticlockwise by any acute angle, wherein the clamping ends of the upper connecting frame or the lower connecting frame are respectively connected with one of the convex sector plate I, the convex sector plate II, the concave sector plate I and the concave sector plate II;
or the circular loading plate in the step S2 rotates anticlockwise by any acute angle, and the clamping ends of the upper connecting frame or the lower connecting frame are respectively connected with one of the convex sector plate I, the convex sector plate II, the concave sector plate I and the concave sector plate II;
the connection relation among the convex sector disc I, the convex sector disc II, the concave sector disc I and the concave sector disc II is not changed;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to detect the high-temperature tensile-shear composite fracture mechanical property of the sample;
s5, detection of compression-shear composite fracture strength
Rotating the circular loading plate in the step S2 clockwise by any acute angle, wherein the clamping ends of the upper connecting frame or the lower connecting frame are respectively connected with one of the convex fan-shaped disc I, the convex fan-shaped disc II, the concave fan-shaped disc I and the concave fan-shaped disc II;
the connection relation among the convex sector disc I, the convex sector disc II, the concave sector disc I and the concave sector disc II is not changed;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to detect the high-temperature pressure-shear composite fracture mechanical property of the sample;
s6, rotating the positions of the circular loading plates defined in S1 to S5 by 180 degrees along the circle center of the circular loading plate, and still meeting the corresponding fracture detection strength test conditions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the material is loaded with force under the heating condition, the stretcher is matched with the heating system, the stretching clamp of the stretcher is flexibly connected with the telescopic heating device, the clamp is used for clamping the sample, the material is heated and loaded with force, the loading process is shot through the high-temperature-resistant glass window, the feedback mechanical property and the displacement/strain field are implemented in the form of an image, and the problems of single test of the sample performance and the like are effectively avoided.
2. The tensile fixture has the advantages of simple structure and wide application range, can test the pure shearing and tensile uniaxial strength of a sample, can test the tensile-shearing and pressure-shearing mixed multiaxial strength of the sample, and has stepless adjustable angle of the test range and convenient disassembly and installation. The test fixture can effectively solve the problems of small load application condition range, narrow temperature area, obvious moment in the sample and the like of the existing test fixture.
3. The bidirectional screw rod is adopted for accurate centering, the anti-slip pressing plate is clamped, samples with different shapes can be loaded, and the device can be widely used for testing the mechanical properties of various brittle or ductile materials.
Drawings
The following detailed description of the invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detecting device according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heating device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a stretching clamp;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly of positioning flange teeth and positioning grooves;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sample holding apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a circular loadboard structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a concave sector plate structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a convex fan-shaped disk configuration;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a tensile strength testing structure;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a compressive strength testing structure;
FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams of shear strength detection structures;
fig. 13, 14 and 15 are schematic diagrams of a pull-shear composite strength detection structure;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a press-shear composite strength detection structure.
In the figure: 1 is a test host, 11 is a vertical stretching shaft, 12 is a lower base, 2 is a stretching clamp, 3 is a heating system, 31 is an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater, 32 is a temperature controller, 33 is a telescopic high-temperature resistant shield, 4 is a connecting frame, 41 is an upper connecting frame, 42 is a lower connecting frame, 43 is a fixed end, 44 is a clamping end, 45 is a positioning flange tooth, 5 is a circular loading plate, 51 is a concave fan-shaped disc, 511 is a concave fan-shaped disc I, 512 is a concave fan-shaped disc II, 52 is a convex fan-shaped disc, 521 is a convex fan-shaped disc I, 522 is a convex fan-shaped disc II, 53 is a bolt hole, 54 is an annular boss, 55 is a positioning groove, 56 is a T-shaped clamping block, 57 is a T-shaped clamping groove, 58 is a positioning pin, 6 is a sample clamping device, 61 is a bidirectional screw, 62 is a bearing end cover, 63 is a pressing plate, 64 is a tight fixing hole, 7 is a DIC detection system, 71 is a DIC control system, 72 is a DIC imaging system, 8 is a sample, and 9 is a high-temperature resistant glass cover.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, a device for high-temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection comprises a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine, a DIC detection system 7 and a computer, wherein the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine and the DIC detection system 7 are connected with the computer, and the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine comprises an experiment host 1, a stretching fixture 2 and a heating system 3 which are arranged on the experiment host;
the stretching clamp 2 comprises a connecting frame 4 for applying a stretching load, a circular loading plate 5 and a sample clamping device 6;
the circular loading plate 5 consists of a convex sector plate I521, a concave sector plate I511, a convex sector plate II 522 and a concave sector plate II 512, wherein the convex sector plate I521, the concave sector plate I511, the convex sector plate II 522 and the concave sector plate II 512 are sequentially arranged in a clockwise direction, the convex sector plate I521 and the convex sector plate II 522 are symmetrical about the center of the circle of the circular loading plate 5, and the concave sector plate I511 and the concave sector plate II 512 are symmetrical about the center of the circle of the circular loading plate 5;
one side of the convex fan-shaped disc 52 or the concave fan-shaped disc 51 is provided with a T-shaped clamping block 56, the other side is provided with a T-shaped clamping groove 57, the adjacent convex fan-shaped disc 52 and the adjacent concave fan-shaped disc 51 are mutually matched through the T-shaped clamping block 56 and the T-shaped clamping groove 57, the mutually overlapped parts of the T-shaped clamping block 56 and the T-shaped clamping groove 57 are provided with threaded holes, and the adjacent T-shaped clamping block 56 and the T-shaped clamping groove 57 are connected with the threaded holes through bolts.
The circular loading plate 5 is provided with an annular boss 54 with a rectangular section along the circumferential direction, the inner side wall of the annular boss 54 is uniformly provided with tooth-shaped positioning grooves 55, the connecting frame is divided into an upper connecting frame 41 and a lower connecting frame 42, fixed ends 43 of the upper connecting frame 41 and the lower connecting frame 42 are respectively connected with a vertical stretching shaft 11 and a lower base 12 of the test host 1, a clamping end 44 is provided with tooth-shaped positioning flange teeth 45 corresponding to the tooth-shaped positioning grooves 55 of the annular boss 54, and the circular loading plate 5 is connected with the connecting frame 4 through the tooth-shaped positioning grooves 55 and the tooth-shaped positioning flange teeth 45;
the sample clamping device 6 is provided with two, set up on convex fan-shaped dish I521 and the convex fan-shaped dish II 522 respectively, sample clamping device 6 includes two-way lead screw 61 and two clamp plates, two-way lead screw 61 rotates with convex fan-shaped dish 52 through the bearing to be connected, two clamp plates symmetry set up in two sides at two-way lead screw 61 screw thread boundary, clamp plate 63 and two-way lead screw 61 threaded connection, through rotating two-way lead screw 61, clamp plate 63 inwards removes and presses towards sample 8, satisfy the auto-lock condition between clamp plate and the two-way lead screw 61, make two-way lead screw 61 reach the preset position and fix on tensile anchor clamps 2 through tight fixed hole 64, set up the screw hole on clamp plate 63, pass through bolted connection compaction sample 8 between clamp plate and the sample 8.
The heating system 3 comprises an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31, a temperature controller 32 and a telescopic high-temperature resistant shield 33, wherein the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 and the temperature controller 32 are connected through wires, two ends of the telescopic high-temperature resistant shield 33 are respectively connected with the same sides of the two convex fan-shaped discs 52, and the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 is arranged on the telescopic high-temperature resistant shield 33 and corresponds to the sample installation position.
The annular boss 54 is provided with a scale plate corresponding to the positioning groove 55.
The electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 comprises a heat insulation layer, a heat radiation plate and an electromagnetic coil which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 is arranged on one side of the sample clamping device, the electromagnetic coil is annularly wrapped between the clamped part of the sample 8 and the notch part of the sample, and a temperature controller is arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 and used for detecting the temperature of the sample in real time.
The other side of the sample holding device 6 is provided with a high temperature resistant glass cover 9 which is matched with a telescopic high temperature resistant shield 33.
The DIC detecting system 7 comprises a DIC control system 71 and a DIC imaging system 72, the DIC imaging system 72 is connected with the DIC control system 71, the DIC imaging system 72 is arranged in front of the microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester, and a camera of the DIC imaging system 72 is opposite to the high temperature resistant glass cover 9 on one side of the sample clamping device 6.
The using method comprises the following steps:
1. tensile strength detection:
as shown in FIG. 9, the male fanning tray I521 and the female fanning tray I511 are bolted, the male fanning tray II 522 and the female fanning tray II 512 are bolted, and the male fanning tray I521 and the female fanning tray II 512 and the male fanning tray II 522 and the female fanning tray I511 are not bolted;
the clamping ends 44 of the upper connecting frame 41 and the lower connecting frame 42 are respectively connected with the positioning grooves 55 of the concave sector plate I511 and the concave sector plate II 512, the connecting lines of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame pass through the center of the circular loading plate 5 and are collinear with the connecting lines of the two sample clamping devices, the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 is started to heat the sample, the temperature of the sample is monitored through the temperature controller arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31, the computer is started, the sample 8 is stretched by a microcomputer controlled stretching method of the electronic universal tester under the control of the computer, the whole sample 8 is in a quasi-static process, and experimental data are collected by the sensor;
in the process, the DIC control system 71 and the DIC imaging system 72 are utilized to monitor the displacement field of the surface direction of the sample 8 in the stretching process in real time, so that the DIC detection and the feedback test of the mechanical property, displacement and strain fields of the microcomputer control electronic universal tester are realized simultaneously.
The load force of the side of the bidirectional screw rod on the sample is N, the load force of the side of the bearing end cover on the sample is N ', and the middle part of the sample 5 is subjected to upward pulling force N1 and downward pulling force N1' with equal magnitudes and opposite directions, so that the corresponding tensile fracture is generated in the middle part of the sample.
2. Compression strength detection:
as shown in fig. 10, the convex sector plate i 521 and the concave sector plate ii 512 shown in fig. 6 are bolted without changing the rotation angle of the circular loading plate 5, the convex sector plate ii 522 and the concave sector plate i 511 are bolted, and the convex sector plate i 521 and the concave sector plate i 511 and the convex sector plate ii 522 and the concave sector plate ii 512 are not bolted;
the clamping ends of the upper connecting frame 41 and the lower connecting frame 42 are respectively connected with the positioning grooves 55 of the concave fan-shaped disc I511 and the concave fan-shaped disc II 512, the connecting lines of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame pass through the center of the circle loading plate 5 and are collinear with the connecting lines of the two sample clamping devices 6, the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 is started to heat the sample 8, the temperature around the sample 8 is monitored through the temperature controller arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31, the computer is started, the stretching operation is carried out by utilizing the microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester under the control of the computer, the upward acting force of the upper connecting frame 41 acts on the sample clamping device 6 below the sample 8, the downward acting force of the lower connecting frame 42 acts on the sample clamping device 6 above the sample, the whole compressed sample is in a quasi-static process, and experimental data are collected by utilizing the sensor;
the specimen 8 is subjected to an upward pressure N2 and a downward pressure N2' of equal magnitude, directed in the direction of the specimen middle, so that the specimen 8 middle is correspondingly compression-broken,
in the process, the DIC control system 71 and the DIC imaging system 72 are utilized to monitor the displacement field of the surface direction of the sample in the compression process in real time, so that the DIC detection and the feedback test of the mechanical property, displacement and strain fields of the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine are simultaneously realized.
3. Shear strength detection:
the circular loading plate 5 in fig. 9 is rotated 90 degrees in the clockwise direction as shown in fig. 11, or the circular loading plate 5 in fig. 10 is rotated 90 degrees in the clockwise direction as shown in fig. 12, and the clamping ends 44 of the upper connecting frame 41 and the lower connecting frame 42 are respectively connected with the concave connecting plate II 512 and the concave connecting plate I511, so that the connecting line of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame passes through the center of the circular loading plate 5 and is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two sample clamping devices 6, and the connecting relation among the convex sector plate I521, the convex sector plate II 522, the concave sector plate I511 and the concave sector plate II 512 is not changed;
starting an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater to heat a sample, monitoring the temperature of the sample through a temperature controller arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31, starting a computer, controlling an electronic universal tester to perform stretching operation by a microcomputer under the control of the computer, enabling upward acting force of an upper connecting frame 41 to act on a sample clamping device 6 on the left or right of the sample 8, enabling downward acting force of a lower connecting frame 42 to act on the sample clamping device 6 on the right or left of the sample 8, enabling the whole shear sample 8 to be in a quasi-static process, and acquiring experimental data by a sensor;
in the process, a DIC control system 71 and a DIC imaging system 72 are utilized to monitor the displacement field of the surface direction of the sample 8 in the shearing process in real time, so that the DIC detection and the feedback test of the mechanical property, displacement and strain fields of the microcomputer control electronic universal tester are realized simultaneously;
the directions of pulling forces N3 and N3', N3 and N3' which are respectively equal in magnitude and perpendicular to the length direction of the sample are not on the same straight line, so that the middle part of the sample is subjected to corresponding shearing fracture.
4. And (3) detecting the tensile-shear composite breaking strength:
as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the circular loading plate 5 in fig. 9 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise by any acute angle, and it is satisfied that the clamping ends 44 of the upper link 41 or the lower link 42 are each connected to only one of the male fan-shaped disk i 521, the male fan-shaped disk ii 522, the female fan-shaped disk i 511, and the female fan-shaped disk ii 512;
or as shown in fig. 15, the circular loading plate 5 in embodiment 2 is rotated counterclockwise by an arbitrary acute angle, and it is satisfied that the holding ends 44 of the upper link 41 or the lower link 42 are each connected to only one of the male fan-shaped plate i 521, the male fan-shaped plate ii 522, the female fan-shaped plate i 511, and the female fan-shaped plate ii 512;
the connection relation among the convex sector disc I521, the convex sector disc II 522, the concave sector disc I511 and the concave sector disc II 512 is not changed;
starting an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater to heat a sample, monitoring the temperature of the sample through a temperature controller arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31, starting a computer, and controlling an electronic universal testing machine to perform stretching operation under the control of the computer by utilizing a microcomputer;
in the process, a DIC control system and a camera system are utilized to monitor the displacement field of the surface direction of the sample in the shearing process in real time, so that the DIC detection and the feedback test of the mechanical property, displacement and strain field of the microcomputer controlled electronic universal testing machine are realized simultaneously;
the connecting line of the two sample clamping devices 6 is neither vertical nor coincident with the force application direction of the upper and lower connecting frames, as shown in fig. 13, the upward acting force applied to the upper right part of the sample is orthogonally decomposed into N4 and N5, the force applied to the lower left part of the sample is decomposed into N4 'and N5', N5 and N5', the shearing fracture of the sample is realized, the tensile fracture of the sample is realized by N4 and N4', and finally the tensile-shearing composite strength detection of the sample 8 is realized. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
As shown in fig. 14, the upward acting force applied to the upper left part of the sample is orthogonally decomposed into N6 and N7, the force applied to the lower right part of the sample is decomposed into N6 'and N7', N7 and N7 'to realize shear fracture of the sample, and N6' realize tensile fracture of the sample, so as to finally realize tensile-shear composite strength detection of the sample 8;
as shown in fig. 15, the upward force applied to the upper left part of the sample is orthogonally decomposed into N8 'and N9', the force applied to the lower right part of the sample is decomposed into N8 and N9, and N9 'realize shear fracture of the sample, and N8' realize tensile fracture of the sample, and finally realize tensile-shear composite strength detection of the sample 8.
5. Pressure-shear composite breaking strength detection
As shown in fig. 16, the circular loading plate 5 in fig. 7 is rotated clockwise by an arbitrary acute angle, and it is satisfied that the holding ends 44 of the upper link 41 or the lower link 42 are each connected to only one of the male fan-shaped plate i 521, the male fan-shaped plate ii 522, the female fan-shaped plate i 511, and the female fan-shaped plate ii 512;
the connection relation among the convex sector disc I521, the convex sector disc II 522, the concave sector disc I511 and the concave sector disc II 512 is not changed;
starting an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31 to heat a sample 8, monitoring the temperature of the sample through a temperature controller arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater 31, starting a computer, and controlling an electronic universal testing machine to perform stretching operation under the control of the computer by utilizing a microcomputer;
in the process, a DIC control system and a camera system are utilized to monitor the displacement field of the surface direction of the sample in the shearing process in real time, so that the DIC detection and the feedback test of the mechanical property, displacement and strain field of the microcomputer controlled electronic universal testing machine are realized simultaneously;
the connecting line of the two sample clamping devices 6 is neither vertical nor coincident with the force application direction of the upper and lower connecting frames, the upward acting force applied to the lower left part of the sample is orthogonally decomposed into N10 and N11, the downward acting force applied to the upper right part of the sample is decomposed into N10 'and N11', N11 and N11', the shearing fracture of the sample is realized, the compression fracture of the sample is realized by N10 and N10', and finally the detection of the compression-shearing composite strength of the sample is realized.
The tensile strength detection, the compressive strength detection, the shear strength detection, the tensile-shear composite strength detection and the compressive-shear composite strength detection are not sequentially divided, and one or more of the tensile strength detection, the compressive strength detection, the shear strength detection and the compressive-shear composite strength detection can be detected.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the various changes are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The device for detecting the high-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and the fracture limit comprises a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine and a computer, wherein the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine is connected with the computer, and the device is characterized in that: the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine comprises a testing host machine (1), a stretching clamp (2) and a heating system (3), wherein the stretching clamp (2) is arranged on the testing host machine;
the test host (1) comprises a vertical stretching shaft (11) and a lower base (12);
the stretching clamp (2) comprises a connecting frame (4) for applying a stretching load, a circular loading plate (5) and a sample clamping device (6), wherein the circular loading plate (5) comprises two concave sector plates (51) and two convex sector plates (52), the convex sector plates (52) and the concave sector plates (51) are alternately arranged, and two sides of the convex sector plates (52) and the concave sector plates (51) are respectively provided with a detachable connecting device (53) which are mutually matched;
the circular loading plate (5) is provided with an annular boss (54) with a rectangular section along the circumferential direction, the inner side wall of the annular boss (54) is uniformly provided with positioning grooves (55), the connecting frame (4) is divided into an upper connecting frame (41) and a lower connecting frame (42), one end of the connecting frame is connected with the test host, and the other end of the connecting frame is connected with the positioning grooves of the circular loading plate;
the two sample clamping devices (6) are respectively arranged on the two convex sector plates (52);
the heating system (3) comprises an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31), a temperature controller (32) and a telescopic high-temperature resistant shield (33), wherein the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31) and the temperature controller (32) are connected through wires, two ends of the telescopic high-temperature resistant shield (33) are respectively connected with the same sides of the two convex fan-shaped discs (52), and the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31) is arranged on the telescopic high-temperature resistant shield (33) and corresponds to the sample installation position.
2. The device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection of claim 1 wherein: the sample clamping device (6) comprises a bidirectional screw (61), a bearing end cover (62), two pressing plates (63) and a fastening hole (64), wherein the bidirectional screw (61) is rotationally connected with the convex sector plate (52) through a bearing, the two pressing plates (63) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a thread boundary line of the bidirectional screw (61), the pressing plates (63) are in threaded connection with the bidirectional screw (61), and the fastening hole (64) is formed in one end of the bidirectional screw (61).
3. The device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection of claim 1 wherein: the device comprises a test host (1), and is characterized by further comprising a DIC detection system (7), wherein the DIC detection system (7) comprises a DIC control system (71) and a DIC imaging system (72), the DIC imaging system (72) is connected with the DIC control system (71), and the DIC imaging system (72) is arranged in front of the test host (1) and the camera is opposite to the mounting position of the test sample.
4. The device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection of claim 1 wherein: the detachable connecting device comprises a T-shaped clamping block (56) arranged on one side of a convex fan-shaped disc (52) or a concave fan-shaped disc (51), T-shaped clamping grooves (57) arranged on the other side of the convex fan-shaped disc or the concave fan-shaped disc, the adjacent convex fan-shaped disc (52) and the concave fan-shaped disc (51) are mutually matched through the T-shaped clamping block (56) and the T-shaped clamping grooves (57), the detachable connecting device (53) comprises threaded holes and bolts arranged at mutually overlapped parts of the T-shaped clamping block (56) and the T-shaped clamping grooves (57), and the adjacent T-shaped clamping blocks (56) and the T-shaped clamping grooves (57) are connected through the bolts.
5. The device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection of claim 1 wherein: the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the test host machine (1), the connecting frame (4) comprises a fixed end (43) and a clamping end (44), the fixed end (43) is connected with the test host machine (1), the clamping end (44) is provided with positioning flange teeth (45) corresponding to positioning grooves (55) of the annular boss (54), and the circular loading plate (5) is connected with the connecting frame (4) through the positioning grooves (55) and the positioning flange teeth (45).
6. The device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection of claim 1 wherein: the annular boss (54) is provided with a scale plate corresponding to the positioning groove (55).
7. The device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection of claim 1 wherein: the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31) comprises a heat insulation layer, a heat radiation plate and an electromagnetic coil which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31) is arranged on one side of a sample, the electromagnetic coil is annularly wrapped between a clamped part and a sample notch part of the sample (8), and a temperature controller is arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31) and used for detecting the temperature of the sample in real time.
8. The device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection of claim 1 wherein: one side of the sample clamping device (6) is provided with a high-temperature-resistant glass cover (9) matched with a telescopic high-temperature-resistant shield (33), and the other side of the sample clamping device is provided with an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31) matched with the telescopic high-temperature-resistant shield (33).
9. A high-temperature multiaxial loaded mechanical response and fracture limit detection method is characterized in that: use of a device for high temperature multiaxial load mechanical response and fracture limit detection according to any of claims 1 to 8, said two male and two female sector discs being respectively male sector disc i (521), male sector disc ii (522), female sector disc i (511) and female sector disc ii (512);
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, tensile strength detection:
the convex sector disc I (521) and the concave sector disc I (511) are in bolt connection, the convex sector disc II (522) and the concave sector disc II (512) are in bolt connection, and the convex sector disc I (521) and the concave sector disc II (512) and the convex sector disc II (522) and the concave sector disc I (511) are not in bolt connection;
the fixed ends of the upper connecting frame (41) and the lower connecting frame (42) are respectively and fixedly connected with the end part of a vertical stretching shaft (11) of the test host machine (1) and the lower base (12), the clamping ends (44) of the upper connecting frame (41) and the lower connecting frame (42) are respectively connected with the positioning grooves (55) of the concave fan-shaped disc I (511) and the concave fan-shaped disc II (512), the connecting lines of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame pass through the center of a circle loading plate (5) and are collinear with the connecting lines of two sample clamping devices (6), an electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31) is started to heat a sample, the temperature of the sample is monitored through a temperature controller arranged in the electromagnetic high-temperature induction heater (31), and a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine is started to test the high-temperature stretching mechanical property of the sample;
s2, detecting compression strength:
bolting the convex sector disc I (521) and the concave sector disc II (512) in the step S1, and bolting the convex sector disc II (522) and the concave sector disc I (511), wherein the convex sector disc I (521) and the concave sector disc I (511) and the convex sector disc II (522) and the concave sector disc II (512) are not bolted;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to perform high-temperature compression mechanical property test on the sample;
s3, shear strength detection:
rotating the circular loading plate in the step S1 or the step S2 by 90 degrees along the clockwise or anticlockwise direction, so that the connecting line of the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame passes through the center of the circular loading plate (5) and is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two sample clamping devices (6), and the connecting relation among the convex fan-shaped disc I (521), the convex fan-shaped disc II (522), the concave fan-shaped disc I (511) and the concave fan-shaped disc II (512) is not changed;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to detect the high-temperature shearing mechanical properties of the sample;
s4, detecting the tensile-shear composite breaking strength:
rotating the circular loading plate (5) in the step S1 clockwise or anticlockwise by any acute angle, wherein the clamping ends (44) of the upper connecting frame (41) or the lower connecting frame (42) are respectively connected with only one of the convex sector plate I (521), the convex sector plate II (522), the concave sector plate I (511) and the concave sector plate II (512);
or the circular loading plate (5) in the S2 is rotated anticlockwise by any acute angle, and the clamping ends (44) of the upper connecting frame (41) or the lower connecting frame (42) are respectively connected with only one of the convex sector plate I (521), the convex sector plate II (522), the concave sector plate I (511) and the concave sector plate II (512);
the connection relation among the convex sector disc I (521), the convex sector disc II (522), the concave sector disc I (511) and the concave sector disc II (512) is not changed;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to detect the high-temperature tensile-shear composite fracture mechanical property of the sample;
s5, detection of compression-shear composite fracture strength
Rotating the circular loading plate (5) in the step S2 clockwise by any acute angle, wherein the clamping ends (44) of the upper connecting frame (41) or the lower connecting frame (42) are respectively connected with only one of the convex sector plate I (521), the convex sector plate II (522), the concave sector plate I (511) and the concave sector plate II (512);
the connection relation among the convex sector disc I (521), the convex sector disc II (522), the concave sector disc I (511) and the concave sector disc II (512) is not changed;
starting a microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine to detect the high-temperature pressure-shear composite fracture mechanical property of the sample;
s6, rotating the positions of the circular loading plates (5) defined in S1 to S5 by 180 degrees along the circle center of the circular loading plates (5), and still meeting the corresponding fracture detection strength test conditions.
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