CN112316332A - Multistage early warning fire fighting device and method for lithium ion battery cabinet - Google Patents
Multistage early warning fire fighting device and method for lithium ion battery cabinet Download PDFInfo
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical group [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0072—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using sprayed or atomised water
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage early warning fire-fighting device and a method for a lithium ion battery cabinet, wherein the device comprises a battery cabinet, a lithium battery arranged in the battery cabinet, a detection module arranged at the top of the inner side of the battery cabinet, a fire extinguishing system, a control system arranged outside the battery cabinet and an alarm system, wherein the fire extinguishing system comprises spray heads, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a control valve and a flow controller, which are arranged on the side wall of the battery cabinet and positioned around the lithium battery, the detection module is connected with the control system, the control system is connected with the alarm system, the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is sequentially connected with the control valve, the flow controller and the spray heads through pipelines, and the control system is connected with the control valve; the invention has the advantages that: the early warning and the safety precaution measures in different stages are achieved, more accurate and rapid fire extinguishing treatment is achieved, the needed fire extinguishing agent consumption is relatively small, and unnecessary waste is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire safety, in particular to a multistage early warning fire-fighting device and method for a lithium ion battery cabinet.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the characteristics of high energy density, long cycle life, small volume, light weight, environmental protection and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of 3C electronic products and electric automobiles. In recent years, with the development of new energy industry and smart grid construction, the demand of lithium ion batteries as an energy storage device is increasing day by day, and the lithium ion batteries play an important role in peak clipping and valley filling, emergency standby, improvement of electric energy quality and the like. At present, energy storage lithium ion batteries are mainly placed in a battery cabinet in a centralized manner. However, the working environment is relatively closed, the heat dissipation condition is limited, and in addition, the intrinsic safety of the lithium ion battery is still difficult to realize, under the abuse conditions of overheating, overcharging, short circuit and the like, the lithium ion battery can generate a large amount of heat and cause thermal runaway, even develops into combustion explosion, causes large-scale fire accidents, and brings great loss to the safety of lives and properties. Therefore, it is very important to develop a fire extinguishing system and device with high efficiency and safety.
At present, the research on the fire-fighting device of the lithium ion battery cabinet is still in the starting stage, and most of the research is designed by referring to the traditional electric fire-fighting device, such as a heptafluoropropane gas fire-fighting system with a fully submerged pipe network. However, the traditional fire-fighting device has poor effect and has some defects: (1) the signal acquisition and early warning mode are single, the accuracy of a fire fighting system is difficult to ensure, and misjudgment is easy to occur or response cannot be timely carried out; (2) most devices start the fire extinguishing device after monitoring that the battery is completely out of control due to heat, and early warning and safety precaution measures at different stages are difficult to achieve; (3) the action time of the full-submerged fire extinguishing system is slow, and accurate fixed-point fire extinguishing of a fire source cannot be realized; (4) the large amount of fire suppressant required for a total flooding fire suppression system can result in unnecessary waste and can affect other electrical equipment.
Chinese patent No. CN 109432634B discloses a fire fighting method for container type lithium ion battery energy storage system, which utilizes an automatic fire extinguishing system and an early warning system. The invention can respectively start three-stage fire extinguishing response in different stages of occurrence and spread of the fire in the energy storage container such as single battery fire, battery module fire, energy storage system fire and the like, and send out three-stage early warning signals, namely, the single battery fire and the fire spread between the battery cabinet and the container are effectively inhibited and blocked by a fire detection fire extinguishing system, a water mist fire extinguishing system, a water spraying and water curtain system, and meanwhile, terminal monitoring personnel adopt different emergency measures through different early warning signals, thereby ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the container type energy storage system. Although it has adopted tertiary early warning, it just starts extinguishing device when the conflagration takes place for the battery cell in the battery module, restrain the battery naked light, be difficult to accomplish early warning and the safety precaution measure in different stages, secondly, its tertiary response is to battery module and whole container, can not realize more accurate according to source of a fire position and conflagration scope, the processing of putting out a fire rapidly, and finally, its fire extinguishing agent quantity should be according to the volume of battery module enclosure space, and the design concentration of putting out a fire calculates, and it is whole container and battery module to put out a fire, belong to the total flooding and put out a fire, the fire extinguishing agent quantity that needs is big, cause unnecessary waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that one of the problems of the multistage early warning fire-fighting device and the multistage early warning fire-fighting method of the lithium ion battery cabinet in the prior art is that the fire extinguishing device is started when a single battery in a battery module is in a fire, the battery open fire is inhibited, and early warning and safety precaution measures in different stages are difficult to achieve; the second problem is that the third-level response aims at the battery module and the whole container, and the more accurate and rapid fire extinguishing treatment can not be realized according to the position of a fire source and the range of the fire; the third problem that exists is that the dosage of the fire extinguishing agent is calculated according to the volume of the closed space of the battery module and the fire extinguishing design concentration, the fire extinguishing aims at the whole container and the battery module, the fire extinguishing is carried out in a full-submerged mode, the dosage of the needed fire extinguishing agent is large, and unnecessary waste is caused.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means: a multistage early warning fire-fighting device for a lithium ion battery cabinet comprises the battery cabinet, a lithium battery arranged in the battery cabinet, a detection module arranged at the top of the inner side of the battery cabinet, a fire extinguishing system, a control system arranged outside the battery cabinet and an alarm system, wherein the fire extinguishing system comprises spray heads, fire extinguishing agent storage tanks, control valves and flow controllers which are arranged on the side wall of the battery cabinet and positioned around the lithium battery, the detection module is connected with the control system, the control system is connected with the alarm system, the fire extinguishing agent storage tanks are sequentially connected with the control valves, the flow controllers and the spray heads through pipelines, and the control system is connected with the control valves;
the control system receives the signal of the detection module, when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, a first-stage early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, a nozzle near the fire source position is started to spray a first-stage early warning corresponding amount of fire extinguishing agent and send a warning instruction to a warning system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than a preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to an alarm system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a three-level early warning corresponding to the set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to a warning system.
When the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be abnormal but not reach the preset temperature threshold, a primary early warning signal is sent to the fire extinguishing system, early warning is carried out when the battery is not on fire, and secondary early warning and tertiary early warning are started when a smoke signal and a flame signal are detected, so that early warning and safety precaution measures in different stages are realized; when a secondary early warning signal is sent to the fire extinguishing system, the spray head near the fire source position is started to spray the fire extinguishing agent, so that more accurate and rapid fire extinguishing treatment is realized according to the fire source position and the fire range, and the influence on other batteries can be reduced as much as possible; the fire extinguishing agent with the corresponding setting dosage for the early warning of the level is sprayed according to different response levels, the fire extinguishing agent does not belong to full-submerged fire extinguishing, the dosage of the needed fire extinguishing agent is relatively less, and unnecessary waste is avoided.
Furthermore, the detection module comprises an infrared temperature-sensing detector, a smoke detector and a flame detector, and the infrared temperature-sensing detector, the smoke detector and the flame detector are respectively connected with the control system.
Furthermore, the control system comprises a BMS battery management system and a battery state analysis module, the battery state analysis module is respectively connected with the smoke detector and the flame detector, the infrared temperature detector is connected with a signal acquisition port of the BMS battery management system, and a signal output end of the BMS battery management system is respectively connected with a control valve and an alarm system in the fire extinguishing system through the battery state analysis module.
Furthermore, when the BMS battery management system receives the temperature abnormal signal sent by the detection module, the BMS battery management system limits the current of the lithium battery or cuts off a circuit outside the lithium battery.
Furthermore, the infrared temperature-sensing detector collects temperature signals of the battery, the infrared detection technology is combined to identify the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, and the battery state analysis module opens the corresponding control valve according to the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, so that the spray head near the battery with abnormal temperature sprays the fire extinguishing agent.
Further, the battery cabinet comprises an observation window, and the material of the observation window is fireproof and explosion-proof glass.
Further, the lithium cell is the lithium iron phosphate battery, the lithium iron phosphate battery has a plurality ofly and installs on the fixed bolster of battery cabinet.
Further, the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent adopted by different early warning levels is different, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the third-level early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-level early warning, and the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-level early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the first-level early warning.
The invention also provides a method for the multistage early warning fire-fighting device of the lithium ion battery cabinet, which comprises the following steps:
the control system receives the signal of the detection module, when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, a first-stage early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, a nozzle near the fire source position is started to spray a first-stage early warning corresponding amount of fire extinguishing agent and send a warning instruction to a warning system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than a preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to an alarm system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a three-level early warning corresponding to the set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to a warning system.
Further, the method further comprises: the detection module comprises an infrared temperature detector, a smoke detector and a flame detector, the control system comprises a BMS battery management system and a battery state analysis module, the battery state analysis module is respectively connected with the smoke detector and the flame detector, the infrared temperature detector is connected with a signal acquisition port of the BMS battery management system, and a signal output end of the BMS battery management system is respectively connected with a control valve and an alarm system in the fire extinguishing system through the battery state analysis module;
when the infrared temperature-sensing detector detects that the temperature of the lithium battery rises abnormally but does not reach a preset temperature threshold value, a temperature signal is transmitted to the control system, wherein the BMS battery management system can limit the current of the lithium battery or cut off an external circuit of the lithium battery, the battery state analysis module can send a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, the battery with the abnormal temperature is found by combining an infrared detection technology, a control valve connected with a spray head near the battery with the abnormal temperature is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays a fire extinguishing agent with a primary response corresponding to a set dosage, the temperature of the battery is cooled, and meanwhile, the control system also sends an instruction to the alarm system to remind a worker of the abnormal temperature rise of the battery in the battery cabinet;
when the battery state analysis module judges that the temperature of the lithium battery is higher than a preset temperature threshold value and receives characteristic gas, smoke signals and flame signals sent by a smoke detector and a flame detector, a secondary early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, the position of a fire source is found by combining an infrared detection technology, a control valve connected with a spray head near the position of the fire source is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays fire extinguishing agents with secondary early warning corresponding to the set amount, the battery is subjected to fire extinguishing treatment, so that accurate fixed-point fire extinguishing is realized, and meanwhile, the control system sends an instruction to an alarm system to remind workers of the occurrence of a fire condition of the battery in a battery cabinet;
judge that the lithium cell temperature is higher than the temperature threshold value of predetermineeing when battery state analysis module, and characteristic gas concentration, smog concentration continuously rises and is higher than the threshold value of predetermineeing, when flame signal constantly strengthens, send tertiary early warning signal to fire extinguishing systems, combine infrared detection technique to find the fire source scope, and open a plurality of control flap that a plurality of shower nozzles near the fire source scope link to each other, fire extinguishing systems sprays the fire extinguishing agent that tertiary early warning corresponds the setting quantity through a plurality of shower nozzles, carry out the multiple spot processing of putting out a fire to the battery, and simultaneously, control system still can give alarm system and give out instructions, take place the condition of a fire with the battery in reminding staff's battery cabinet.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be abnormal but not reach the preset temperature threshold, a primary early warning signal is sent to the fire extinguishing system, early warning is carried out when the battery is not on fire, and secondary early warning and tertiary early warning are started when a smoke signal and a flame signal are detected, so that early warning and safety precaution measures in different stages are realized; when a secondary early warning signal is sent to the fire extinguishing system, the spray head near the fire source position is started to spray the fire extinguishing agent, so that more accurate and rapid fire extinguishing treatment is realized according to the fire source position and the fire range, and the influence on other batteries can be reduced as much as possible; the fire extinguishing agent with the corresponding setting dosage for the early warning of the level is sprayed according to different response levels, the fire extinguishing agent does not belong to full-submerged fire extinguishing, the dosage of the needed fire extinguishing agent is relatively less, and unnecessary waste is avoided.
(2) According to the invention, multiple signals are collected through the infrared temperature-sensing detector, the smoke detector and the flame detector, and whether the lithium ion battery is in a fire or not and the process of the fire are judged in a coupling manner, so that the safety early warning accuracy of the fire-fighting system is improved, and the misjudgment is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multistage early warning fire fighting device for a lithium ion battery cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic working flow diagram of a multistage early warning fire protection device for a lithium ion battery cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a multistage early warning fire-fighting device for a lithium ion battery cabinet comprises a battery cabinet 1, a lithium battery 2 installed in the battery cabinet 1, a detection module installed at the top of the inner side of the battery cabinet 1, a fire extinguishing system, a control system 6 arranged outside the battery cabinet 1, a first-stage emergency starting button 7, a second-stage emergency starting button 8, a third-stage emergency starting button 9 and an alarm system 10.
The battery cabinet 1 comprises an observation window (not shown) for observing the battery state and the fire extinguishing effect in the battery cabinet 1, and the observation window is made of fireproof and explosion-proof glass, so that the glass cannot be broken when the lithium ion battery is combusted.
The detection module comprises an infrared temperature-sensing detector 3, a smoke detector 4 and a flame detector 5, and the infrared temperature-sensing detector 3, the smoke detector 4 and the flame detector 5 are respectively connected with a control system 6. The infrared temperature detector 3 collects temperature signals of the battery, the infrared detection technology is combined to identify the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the position and the range of a fire source, and the battery state analysis module opens the corresponding control valve 12 according to the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, so that the spray nozzle 15 near the battery with abnormal temperature sprays fire extinguishing agents. The smoke detector 4 is used for collecting characteristic gas and smoke signals generated by thermal runaway of the battery. The flame detector 5 is used to collect a flame signal generated by a battery fire. The three parts feed back the collected characteristic information to the control system 6. It should be noted that the detection module may be one or more of the infrared temperature detector 3, the smoke detector 4, and the flame detector 5, and may also be a fire detector, and the detection module is not particularly limited as long as it can detect a fire or detect a fire characterization phenomenon.
Fire extinguishing systems is including installing in 1 lateral wall of battery cabinet and being located lithium cell 2 shower nozzle 15 all around, fire extinguishing agent storage jar 11, control flap 12 and flow controller 13, detection module is connected with control system 6, and control system 6 is connected with alarm system 10, and fire extinguishing agent storage jar 11 passes through pipeline 14 and is connected with control flap 12, flow controller 13 and shower nozzle 15 in proper order, and control system 6 is connected with control flap 12. The fire extinguishing agent that stores in fire extinguishing agent storage jar 11 is perfluor hexanone fire extinguishing agent, and the quantity of the fire extinguishing agent that different early warning grades adopted is different, and the fire extinguishing agent quantity that tertiary early warning corresponds is higher than the fire extinguishing agent quantity that secondary early warning corresponds, and the fire extinguishing agent quantity that secondary early warning corresponds is higher than the fire extinguishing agent quantity that primary early warning corresponds. The alarm system 10 may be a display screen with status display for information early warning or an audible and visual alarm through a display lamp or a speaker, and is within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the function of early warning is achieved.
The control system 6 comprises a BMS battery management system and a battery state analysis module, the battery state analysis module is respectively connected with the smoke detector 4 and the flame detector 5, the infrared temperature-sensitive detector 3 is connected with a signal acquisition port of the BMS battery management system, and a signal output end of the BMS battery management system is respectively connected with a control valve 12 and an alarm system 10 in the fire extinguishing system through the battery state analysis module. The BMS battery management system can control the battery pack in a balanced mode, can also monitor the temperature of the battery by combining signals sent by the temperature-sensitive detector, and can feed back the temperature to the battery state analysis module in time to make corresponding early warning if the temperature is abnormal. The battery state analysis module is a software module integrating the following three-level early warning control logic, can adopt the following control logic disclosed by the invention or the control logic of the three-level early warning in the prior art, and is within the protection scope of the invention as long as the function of multi-level early warning can be realized. The battery state analysis module is used for analyzing state parameters of the battery, comparing the state parameters with a plurality of preset trigger conditions, and starting different early warning levels when the preset trigger conditions are met. In addition, when the BMS receives the abnormal temperature signal from the sensing module, the BMS limits the current of the lithium battery 2 or cuts off the external circuit of the lithium battery 2.
The control system 6 receives the signal of the detection module, and when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, sends a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starts a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a primary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sends a warning instruction to the warning system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to the alarm system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles 15 near the fire source position to spray fire extinguishing agents with three-level early warning corresponding set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to the warning system 10.
The fire extinguishing system of the present invention may be controlled manually in addition to the automatic control system. After receiving the prompt of the alarm system 10, if the early warning level and the fire response need to be changed, the worker can turn on the first-stage emergency start button 7, the second-stage emergency start button 8 or the third-stage emergency start button 9 on the control system 6, directly select the early warning level according to the actual situation of the fire, and make the corresponding fire response.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a method for a multistage early warning fire protection device for a lithium ion battery cabinet, the method comprising:
the control system 6 receives the signal of the detection module, and when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, sends a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starts a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a primary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sends a warning instruction to the warning system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to the alarm system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles 15 near the fire source position to spray fire extinguishing agents with three-level early warning corresponding set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to the warning system 10.
The method is refined into the following processes:
when the infrared temperature-sensing detector 3 detects that the temperature of the lithium battery 2 rises abnormally but does not reach a preset temperature threshold value, a temperature signal is transmitted to the control system 6, wherein the BMS battery management system can limit the current of the lithium battery 2 or cut off an external circuit of the lithium battery 2, the battery state analysis module can send a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, the battery with abnormal temperature is found by combining an infrared detection technology, the control valve 12 connected with a spray head 15 near the battery with abnormal temperature is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays a primary fire extinguishing agent with a corresponding set dosage in response, the temperature of the battery is reduced, and meanwhile, the control system 6 also sends an instruction to the alarm system 10 to remind a worker that the temperature of the battery in the battery cabinet 1 rises abnormally;
when the battery state analysis module judges that the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is higher than a preset temperature threshold value and receives characteristic gas, smoke signals and flame signals sent by the smoke detector 4 and the flame detector 5, a secondary early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, the fire source position is found by combining an infrared detection technology, a control valve 12 connected with a spray head 15 near the fire source position is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays fire extinguishing agents with the secondary early warning corresponding to the set amount, the battery is subjected to fire extinguishing treatment, so that accurate fixed-point fire extinguishing treatment is realized, and meanwhile, the control system 6 sends an instruction to the alarm system 10 to remind workers of the occurrence of fire in the battery cabinet 1;
judge that lithium cell 2 temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold value when battery state analysis module, and characteristic gas concentration, smog concentration continuously rises and is higher than the preset threshold value, when flame signal constantly strengthens, send tertiary early warning signal to fire extinguishing systems, combine infrared detection technique to find the fire source scope, and open a plurality of control flap 12 that a plurality of shower nozzles 15 near the fire source scope link to each other, fire extinguishing systems sprays the fire extinguishing agent that tertiary early warning corresponds the setting quantity through a plurality of shower nozzles 15, carry out the multiple spot processing of putting out a fire to the battery, and simultaneously, control system 6 still can give alarm system 10 and send out the instruction, take place the condition of a fire with the battery in reminding staff battery cabinet 1.
According to the technical scheme, when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected but the temperature does not reach the preset temperature threshold value, a primary early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, early warning is carried out when the battery does not generate open fire, and secondary early warning and tertiary early warning are started when a smoke signal and a flame signal are detected, so that early warning and safety precaution measures in different stages are achieved; when the fire extinguishing system sends a secondary early warning signal, the spray head 15 near the fire source position is started to spray the fire extinguishing agent, so that more accurate and rapid fire extinguishing treatment is realized according to the fire source position and the fire range, and the influence on other batteries can be reduced as much as possible; the fire extinguishing agent with the corresponding setting dosage for the early warning of the level is sprayed according to different response levels, the fire extinguishing agent does not belong to full-submerged fire extinguishing, the dosage of the needed fire extinguishing agent is relatively less, and unnecessary waste is avoided.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multistage early warning fire-fighting device for a lithium ion battery cabinet is characterized by comprising a battery cabinet, a lithium battery arranged in the battery cabinet, a detection module arranged at the top of the inner side of the battery cabinet, a fire extinguishing system, a control system arranged outside the battery cabinet and an alarm system, wherein the fire extinguishing system comprises spray heads, fire extinguishing agent storage tanks, control valves and flow controllers which are arranged on the side wall of the battery cabinet and positioned around the lithium battery, the detection module is connected with the control system, the control system is connected with the alarm system, the fire extinguishing agent storage tanks are sequentially connected with the control valves, the flow controllers and the spray heads through pipelines, and the control system is connected with the control valves;
the control system receives the signal of the detection module, when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, a first-stage early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, a nozzle near the fire source position is started to spray a first-stage early warning corresponding amount of fire extinguishing agent and send a warning instruction to a warning system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than a preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to an alarm system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a three-level early warning corresponding to the set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to a warning system.
2. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the detection module comprises an infrared temperature detector, a smoke detector and a flame detector, and the infrared temperature detector, the smoke detector and the flame detector are respectively connected with the control system.
3. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 2, wherein the control system comprises a BMS battery management system and a battery state analysis module, the battery state analysis module is respectively connected with the smoke detector and the flame detector, the infrared temperature detector is connected with a signal acquisition port of the BMS battery management system, and a signal output end of the BMS battery management system is respectively connected with a control valve and an alarm system in the fire extinguishing system through the battery state analysis module.
4. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 3, wherein when the BMS battery management system receives the temperature abnormality signal sent by the detection module, the BMS battery management system limits the current of the lithium battery or cuts off a circuit outside the lithium battery.
5. The multistage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 3, wherein the infrared temperature detector collects temperature signals of the battery, the infrared detection technology is combined to identify the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, and the battery state analysis module opens the corresponding control valve according to the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, so that a spray head near the battery with abnormal temperature sprays fire extinguishing agent.
6. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the battery cabinet comprises an observation window, and the observation window is made of fireproof and explosion-proof glass.
7. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the lithium iron phosphate battery is provided with a plurality of lithium iron phosphate batteries and is installed on a fixing bracket of the battery cabinet.
8. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent adopted by different early warning levels is different, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the third-stage early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-stage early warning, and the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-stage early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the first-stage early warning.
9. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the control system receives the signal of the detection module, when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, a first-stage early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, a nozzle near the fire source position is started to spray a first-stage early warning corresponding amount of fire extinguishing agent and send a warning instruction to a warning system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than a preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to an alarm system, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to a fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a three-level early warning corresponding to the set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to a warning system.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising: the detection module comprises an infrared temperature detector, a smoke detector and a flame detector, the control system comprises a BMS battery management system and a battery state analysis module, the battery state analysis module is respectively connected with the smoke detector and the flame detector, the infrared temperature detector is connected with a signal acquisition port of the BMS battery management system, and a signal output end of the BMS battery management system is respectively connected with a control valve and an alarm system in the fire extinguishing system through the battery state analysis module;
when the infrared temperature-sensing detector detects that the temperature of the lithium battery rises abnormally but does not reach a preset temperature threshold value, a temperature signal is transmitted to the control system, wherein the BMS battery management system can limit the current of the lithium battery or cut off an external circuit of the lithium battery, the battery state analysis module can send a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, the battery with the abnormal temperature is found by combining an infrared detection technology, a control valve connected with a spray head near the battery with the abnormal temperature is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays a fire extinguishing agent with a primary response corresponding to a set dosage, the temperature of the battery is cooled, and meanwhile, the control system also sends an instruction to the alarm system to remind a worker of the abnormal temperature rise of the battery in the battery cabinet;
when the battery state analysis module judges that the temperature of the lithium battery is higher than a preset temperature threshold value and receives characteristic gas, smoke signals and flame signals sent by a smoke detector and a flame detector, a secondary early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, the position of a fire source is found by combining an infrared detection technology, a control valve connected with a spray head near the position of the fire source is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays fire extinguishing agents with secondary early warning corresponding to the set amount, the battery is subjected to fire extinguishing treatment, so that accurate fixed-point fire extinguishing is realized, and meanwhile, the control system sends an instruction to an alarm system to remind workers of the occurrence of a fire condition of the battery in a battery cabinet;
judge that the lithium cell temperature is higher than the temperature threshold value of predetermineeing when battery state analysis module, and characteristic gas concentration, smog concentration continuously rises and is higher than the threshold value of predetermineeing, when flame signal constantly strengthens, send tertiary early warning signal to fire extinguishing systems, combine infrared detection technique to find the fire source scope, and open a plurality of control flap that a plurality of shower nozzles near the fire source scope link to each other, fire extinguishing systems sprays the fire extinguishing agent that tertiary early warning corresponds the setting quantity through a plurality of shower nozzles, carry out the multiple spot processing of putting out a fire to the battery, and simultaneously, control system still can give alarm system and give out instructions, take place the condition of a fire with the battery in reminding staff's battery cabinet.
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