CN112253158A - Full-coal roadway cross shaft tunneling machine, control method and application - Google Patents
Full-coal roadway cross shaft tunneling machine, control method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112253158A CN112253158A CN202011156904.5A CN202011156904A CN112253158A CN 112253158 A CN112253158 A CN 112253158A CN 202011156904 A CN202011156904 A CN 202011156904A CN 112253158 A CN112253158 A CN 112253158A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims description 38
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C29/00—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
- E21C29/22—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam by wheels, endless tracks or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C31/00—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
- E21C31/02—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam for cutting or breaking-down devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/20—General features of equipment for removal of chippings, e.g. for loading on conveyor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
- E21C35/223—Equipment associated with mining machines for sucking dust-laden air from the cutting area, with or without cleaning of the air
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/24—Remote control specially adapted for machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/108—Remote control specially adapted for machines for driving tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1086—Drives or transmissions specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/126—Loading devices or installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/20—Drawing-off or depositing dust
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining and discloses a full coal roadway cross shaft heading machine, a control method and application, wherein a cross shaft cutting mechanism is fixed at the central position of the front upper part of a body part, and a shovel part is arranged in front of the body part; a walking part is arranged below the body part, lubricating points of all moving parts of the machine body on the body part are dispersed with lubricating systems, and a dust removal system is arranged in the middle position above the body part; the left side and the right side of the body part are provided with hydraulic systems, the middle position of the left side of the body part is provided with a water system, and the back of the body part is provided with a back supporting part; an electric system is arranged at the position close to the rear of the left side of the body part, and a first conveyor is arranged at the middle position of the body part. The invention changes the parallel arrangement of the output shaft of the motor and the cutting axis of the transverse shaft by arranging the motor in the transverse shaft type cutting drum, and realizes speed reduction by using a high-reliability planetary speed reducing device, so that the cutting mechanism has simple integral structure, reduced cost, improved reliability and greatly improved space utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a full-coal roadway cross shaft heading machine, a control method and application.
Background
At present, along with the rapid development of the coal industry in China, various coal mining technologies and equipment are in operation. In the production operation of mechanical coal mining, a heading machine has become a main coal roadway heading device. In the existing tunneling equipment, a horizontal shaft type tunneling machine transfers torque generated by an explosion-proof motor which is longitudinally arranged through a paired bevel gear and then further transfers the torque through a straight gear or a bevel gear.
In the process of cutting operation of a coal roadway, a large amount of dust particles are generated when materials generated by cutting a coal wall are crushed and fall, the positions where a large amount of dust is generated are positioned above and below a cutting cantilever, and a cutting motor with a large volume ratio space is arranged behind the cantilever of the traditional horizontal-axis tunneling machine; when the heading machine is used for cutting at the bottom of a bed, the clearance between the lower part of the cantilever and the shovel plate is extremely small.
In the transportation process of materials cut and fallen by a coal roadway, a first conveyor of the existing tunneling equipment often uses a hydraulic motor as a power source for cutting, falling and transporting, and meanwhile, a side double chain is often used as a carrier for pulling the materials on the first conveyor.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) in the existing tunneling equipment, a transverse shaft type tunneling machine changes the torque generated by a longitudinally placed motor into a reverse direction through a paired bevel gear and then further transmits the torque through a straight gear or a bevel gear, the motor and the orthogonal shaft speed reducing section of a speed reducer and the parallel shaft speed reducing section of the speed reducer which are arranged in the structural form need a larger arrangement space, the structural reliability is poor, and faults frequently occur when the tunneling machine performs cutting operation.
(2) Traditional tunnelling equipment is at colliery cutting operation in-process, because of the material that the cutting coal wall produced, produce a large amount of dust particles when broken and whereabouts, the position that the dust produced in a large number is on the cutting cantilever, the below, traditional cross axle entry driving machine has laid the cutting motor at the rear of cantilever, and because of its decubitus bottom cutting extremely little with shovel board space clearance, and can not lay dust removal inlet scoop device, can not remove dust on the optimum position of first dust removal point, thereby cause buggy dirt fog to distribute the diffusion and implement the dust removal again, it is half a lot of efforts.
(3) In colliery cutting blanking transportation, because the first cargo airplane of traditional entry driving machine uses hydraulic motor to come as the power supply of cutting blanking transportation, the motor moment of torsion is little, and the chain is more difficult for starting during the stock, and the chain speed is transported slowly the volume and is little simultaneously.
(4) The traditional heading machine uses the side double chains as a carrier for pulling materials on the first conveyor, and the structure has the defects of uneven chain stress, easy chain jumping at a chain wheel, poor bending performance, more chain breakage accidents and the like.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: 1. the traditional structure has complex transmission structure because paired bevel gears are used for realizing ninety-degree direction change; the bevel gear is used for realizing the direction change of ninety degrees, and the supporting bearing is easy to damage because the reverse force cannot be counteracted in the torque transmission process, so the reliability is poor; meanwhile, the motor cannot be placed in the cutting drum, and needs to be placed independently, so that the space occupation is large; 2. in the traditional heading machine, because the motor is arranged behind the cantilever, and the gap between the lower part of the cantilever and the shovel plate is very small (less than 50mm) when the lower part of the cantilever is used for cutting and laying the bottom, a large-size dust removal air port cannot be arranged at the position; 3. when materials are stored in the first conveyor of the heading machine, the stored materials are sometimes larger than the starting torque, and the motor can start pressure relief protection due to the existence of a leakage port, so that the starting of a conveying system is difficult; the conventional chain speed is 1m/s, and the motor can reach 1.5-2m/s after the motor is replaced by the motor; 4. the side double-chain structure used by the traditional heading machine conveying system has the defects that the chains on two sides are stressed unevenly, the chains are easy to jump at the chain wheel, the lateral bending performance of the chains is poor, and the chain breakage accidents are more.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: 1. the novel cross shaft cutting mechanism has a simple and reliable transmission structure, does not occupy the effective space 2 of the development machine, and can realize dust removal at the most favorable position; 3. the motor and the speed reducer driven conveyor can realize heavy load starting, the conveying speed is high, the efficiency is high 4, the reliability is improved, the accident rate is reduced, and the material unloading position is adjustable in the left and right directions (the situation cannot be realized by double-chain conveying).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a full-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine, a control method and application.
The invention is realized in such a way that the control mode of the full-coal roadway cross shaft tunneling machine comprises a remote control mode and a manual control mode, the remote control mode can realize the positioning automatic cutting of the cross shaft tunneling machine, and simultaneously can control the cutting, oil pump, one-time motor start and stop of the tunneling machine, the lifting of a shovel plate and a rear support, the start and stop of a star wheel, the cutting and walking attitude control and other actions.
The full coal roadway cross shaft heading machine is provided with a body part;
a cross shaft cutting mechanism is fixed at the central position of the front upper part of the body part, and a shovel plate part is arranged in front of the body part;
a walking part is arranged below the body part, lubricating points of all moving parts of the machine body on the body part are dispersed with lubricating systems, and a dust removal system is arranged in the middle position above the body part;
the left side and the right side of the body part are provided with hydraulic systems, the middle position of the left side of the body part is provided with a water system, and the back of the body part is provided with a back supporting part;
an electric system is arranged at the position close to the rear of the left side of the body part, and a first conveyor is arranged at the middle position of the body part;
a fork-shaped frame body in the cross shaft cutting mechanism is connected with the body part revolving platform through a pin shaft, and a cutting motor is connected in front of the fork-shaped frame body; two cutting speed reducers are respectively connected to two sides of the cutting motor, the cutting roller assembly is connected to an output flange plate of the cutting speed reducers, two cutting lifting oil cylinders are located below two sides of the cutting part and connected with the fork-shaped frame body through one end of the pin shaft, and the other end of the pin shaft is connected with the rotary table of the body part.
Furthermore, a shovel plate body in the shovel plate part is connected with the front end of the body part through a pin shaft, one end of a shovel plate oil cylinder is connected to the shovel plate, and the other end of the shovel plate oil cylinder is connected to the body frame;
the first conveyor consists of a chute body, a scraper chain assembly, a driving device, a conveying speed reducer, a tensioning device and a conveying motor; the chute body is positioned in the middle of the body frame, the front end of the chute body is connected with the shovel plate body through a pin shaft, and the driving device is placed in a chute at the rear part of the chute body; one end of the tensioning device is connected with the chute body, and the other end of the tensioning device is connected with the driving device; the tensioning of a conveying chain is realized by pushing an oil cylinder or a lead screw in the driving device, a conveying motor is connected to the right side of the driving device through a flange, a conveying speed reducer is connected to the left side of the driving device, a rotating torque generated by the conveying motor is transmitted to the conveying speed reducer, and is amplified by the speed reducer in a torque increasing mode and then transmitted to a chain wheel on the driving device, so that the scraper chain assembly is driven to run.
Further, the body part is provided with a body frame which is fixed on the walking frame bodies on the left side and the right side, a rotary bearing is arranged above the front part of the body frame, and a rotary table is connected above the rotary bearing;
two sides of the body part are respectively provided with a rotary oil cylinder, one end of the rotary oil cylinder is connected with the rotary table, and the other end of the rotary oil cylinder is connected with the rear end of the body frame.
Furthermore, a tensioning wheel set is arranged at the front end of the crawler frame in the walking part, a driving wheel is arranged at the rear end of the crawler frame, a supporting wheel set is arranged below the crawler frame, and a tensioning oil cylinder is arranged between the crawler frame and the tensioning wheel set;
the crawler belt is wrapped on the periphery of the combination body, the walking motor is installed on the end face of the walking speed reducer, and the walking speed reducer is respectively connected with the crawler belt frame and the driving wheel through the two flange plates.
Further, in the dust removal system, an upper air suction opening is arranged at the upper part of the middle of a fork-shaped frame body of the cross shaft cutting mechanism, and a lower air suction opening is arranged at the lower part of the middle of the fork-shaped frame body of the cross shaft cutting mechanism;
the first air duct is connected with the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, the adjusting device is arranged in the first air duct, the second air duct and the third air duct are arranged in the front upper part of the rotary table, the spraying devices are arranged in the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet to clean the air ducts seriously polluted, and the dust removal device is arranged in the middle position above the body part;
the dust removal system consists of an upper air suction opening, a lower air suction opening, a first air duct, an adjusting device, a second air duct, a third air duct, a dust removal device and a cleaning device; the upper air suction opening is arranged at the upper part of the middle of the fork-shaped frame body of the cross shaft cutting mechanism, and the lower air suction opening is arranged at the lower part of the middle of the fork-shaped frame body of the cross shaft cutting mechanism; the first air channel is connected with the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, the adjusting device is arranged in the first air channel, the second air channel and the third air channel are arranged in the front upper part of the rotary table, the cleaning device is arranged in the air channel with serious cleaning pollution in the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, and the dust removal device is arranged in the middle position above the body part;
the transition second air channel and the third air channel are connected by soft bodies with certain flexibility, the same transition second air channel and the third air channel consist of hard shells, and the air channels are connected to the dust removal device in a hinged mode or a multi-section hinged mode; the middle position above the dust removing device installation body part is also arranged on the left side or the right side of the upper part of the machine body;
the cross shaft cutting mechanism consists of a cutting motor, a cutting roller assembly, a cutting speed reducer, a forked frame body, a cutting lifting oil cylinder and a spraying block; the fork-shaped frame body is connected with the body part revolving platform through a pin shaft, and the cutting motor is connected in front of the fork-shaped frame body; the two cutting speed reducers are respectively connected to two sides of the cutting motor, the cutting roller assembly is connected to an output flange plate of the cutting speed reducer, the two cutting lifting oil cylinders are positioned behind and below two sides of the cutting part and are connected with the forked frame body through one end of a pin shaft, and the other end of the pin shaft is connected with the rotary table of the body part; the height of the cutting mechanism is adjusted through the stroke of the oil cylinder, the spraying block is arranged above the front part of the fork-shaped frame body and used for dust suppression, the rotating torque generated by the cutting motor is transmitted to the cutting speed reducer, and then the rotating torque is transmitted to the cutting roller assembly through the torque-increasing amplifying torque of the cutting speed reducer and acts on the coal wall through the cutting teeth on the cutting roller assembly.
Further, in the hydraulic system, the console is positioned on the left front side of the body part, the hydraulic oil tank is positioned on the right front side of the body part, the oil pump motor is positioned on the right rear side of the body part, and the oil pump assembly is installed between the oil pump motor and the oil tank assembly.
Furthermore, the connecting frame in the rear supporting part is connected with the body frame through a front end face flange, and the second transport turntable is connected with the tail end of the connecting frame;
the support is hinged with the connecting frame through a pin shaft, one end of the rear support oil cylinder is connected with the connecting frame, and the other end of the rear support oil cylinder is connected with the support.
Further, a chute body in the first conveyor penetrates through the middle position of the body frame, the front end of the chute body is connected with the shovel plate body through a pin shaft, and the driving device is placed in a chute at the rear part of the chute body; one end of the tensioning device is connected with the chute body, and the other end of the tensioning device is connected with the driving device; a transport speed reducer and a transport motor are respectively connected to the left side and the right side of the driving device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling an all-coal roadway lateral-axis tunnel boring machine of the all-coal roadway lateral-axis tunnel boring machine, including:
the height of the cutting mechanism is adjusted through the stroke of the oil cylinder, the spraying block is arranged above the front part of the fork-shaped frame body and used for dust suppression, the rotating torque generated by the cutting motor is transmitted to the cutting speed reducer, and then is transmitted to the cutting drum assembly after passing through the torque-increasing amplifying torque of the cutting speed reducer and acts on the coal wall through the cutting teeth on the cutting drum assembly, so that the aim of tunneling a roadway is achieved;
the lifting of the shovel plate is realized through the stroke adjustment of the oil cylinder, and the driven wheel device is arranged at the position close to the front end in the middle of the shovel plate body to provide direction change for the operation of the scraper chain; the two driving devices are respectively connected to the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the shovel plate body, the hydraulic motors are connected below the two driving devices, the star wheel is connected above the two driving devices, the hydraulic motors transmit rotating torque to the star wheel through the driving devices, and the star wheel rotates to drive cut falling materials to be loaded on the first conveyor, so that the materials are collected; the rotary table is driven to rotate left and right by changing the stroke of the oil cylinder, so that the cutting mechanism is driven to realize different cutting widths;
the rotating torque generated by the traveling motor is transmitted to the traveling speed reducer through the motor output shaft, and the traveling speed reducer drives the driving wheel to rotate so as to drive the crawler belt to complete the actions of advancing, retreating, steering and the like of the tunneling machine; the support is controlled to stabilize the ground by adjusting the stroke of the rear support oil cylinder so as to provide a supporting force for the stability of the tunneling machine body; the tensioning of a conveying chain is realized by pushing an oil cylinder or a lead screw in the driving device, a conveying motor is connected to the right side of the driving device through a flange, a conveying speed reducer is connected to the left side of the driving device, a rotating torque generated by the conveying motor is transmitted to the conveying speed reducer, and is amplified by the speed reducer in a torque increasing mode and then transmitted to a chain wheel on the driving device, so that the scraper chain assembly is driven to run.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention changes the parallel arrangement of the output shaft of the motor and the cutting axis of the transverse shaft by arranging the motor in the transverse shaft type cutting drum, and realizes speed reduction by using a high-reliability planetary speed reducing device, so that the cutting mechanism has simple integral structure, reduced cost, improved reliability and greatly improved space utilization rate. The upper and lower air suction ports for dust removal are arranged at the position originally used for installing the cutting motor, so that dust removal is realized at the optimal position of the first dust removal point, dust removal is avoided after coal dust diffusion, and the work is doubled; the motor and speed reducer mode is used as a power source of the conveying mechanism of the development machine, so that the cost is reduced, the reliability is improved, the starting torque is remarkably increased after the rotating torque generated by the motor is amplified by the speed reducer by 10-14 times, the material is not blocked any more, and the conveying capacity is improved by 1.5-2 times compared with the traditional motor driving mode; the scraper conveying system with the middle single chain is used, and the middle single chain is only provided with one chain in the middle, so that the phenomenon of uneven stress of chains on two sides of the middle single chain is avoided like the phenomenon of uneven stress of chains on two sides of an edge double chain; the middle single chain scraper can obliquely pass through when being blocked by a scraper, so that chain jumping caused by the deformation of the scraper when passing a chain wheel is avoided like a side double chain, the shutdown loss is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Meanwhile, the invention adopts the technical scheme, changes the existing coal roadway and half coal rock roadway tunneling process and operation form, and develops a novel coal roadway rapid tunneling device for accelerating the tunneling speed. It collects the cutting, load, carry and remove dust as an organic whole, unique cross axle cutting drum has, not only can carry out the mechanized cutting of high efficiency to the coal road working face, and possess unique loading and conveying mechanism, this structure is high-efficient, high speed, high reliability, anti overload, when can solving two fortune skew tunnel centers simultaneously, the entry driving machine is unloaded and is deviated two fortune belt difficult problems, possess unique efficient dust pelletizing system, can directly siphon away produced coal dust at the point of giving dust when the cutting operation and do purification treatment, can allocate the induced draft volume automatically according to the operation condition, can automatically clean heavily pollute the wind channel, purify workman operational environment in the pit greatly. The machine is suitable for working face operations such as mine roadway opening, coal roadway tunneling and the like, and is an advanced device for rapid tunneling of coal roadways in China at present.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-swing type machine tail full coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a non-swing type machine tail full coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a swing-type full-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a swing-type full coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust removal system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-axis cutting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a cross-axis cutting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a non-swing type tail first conveyor provided by the embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. a cross shaft cutting mechanism; 2. a shovel plate portion; 3. a body portion; 4. a lubrication system; 5. a traveling section; 6. a dust removal system; 7. a hydraulic system; 8. a water system; 9. a rear supporting part; 10. an electrical system; 11. a first conveyor; 12. an upper air inlet; 13. a lower suction port; 14. a first air duct; 15. an adjustment device; 16. a second air duct; 17. a third air duct; 18. a dust removal device; 19. a cleaning device; 20. a cutting motor; 21. a cutting drum assembly; 22. cutting a speed reducer; 23. a fork-shaped frame body; 24. cutting the lifting oil cylinder; 25. spraying blocks; 26. a turntable; 27. a chute body; 28. a scraper chain assembly; 29. a drive device; 30. a transport speed reducer; 31. a tensioning device; 32. a motor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a full-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine, a control method and application thereof, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in the invention, a cross shaft cutting mechanism 1 is fixed at the central position of the front upper part of a body part 3, a shovel plate part 2 is arranged in front of the body part 3, a walking part 5 is arranged below the body part 3, lubricating points of all moving parts of a machine body on the body part 3 are dispersed with lubricating systems, a dust removing system 6 is arranged at the middle position above the body part 3, hydraulic systems 7 are arranged at the left side and the right side of the body part 3, a water system 8 is arranged at the middle position of the left side of the body part 3; an electric system 10 is arranged at the position close to the rear of the left side of the body part 3, and a first conveyor 11 is arranged at the middle position of the body part 3.
In the embodiment, the cross shaft cutting mechanism is composed of a cutting motor 20, a cutting drum assembly 21, a cutting speed reducer 22, a fork-shaped frame body 23, a cutting lifting oil cylinder 24 and a spraying block 25.
The fork-shaped frame body 23 is connected with the body part revolving platform 26 through a pin shaft, and the cutting motor 20 is connected in front of the fork-shaped frame body 23; the two cutting speed reducers 22 are respectively connected to two sides of the cutting motor 20, the cutting roller assembly 21 is connected to an output flange of the cutting speed reducer 22, the two cutting lifting cylinders 24 are positioned behind and below two sides of the cutting part and are connected with the forked frame body 23 through one end of a pin shaft, and the other end of the pin shaft is connected with the rotary table 26 of the body part; the height of the cutting mechanism is adjusted through the stroke of the oil cylinder, the spraying block 25 is arranged above the front part of the fork-shaped frame body 23 and used for dust suppression, the rotating torque generated by the cutting motor 20 is transmitted to the cutting speed reducer 22, and then is transmitted to the cutting roller assembly 21 after passing through the torque-increasing amplifying torque of the cutting speed reducer 22 and acts on the coal wall through the cutting teeth on the cutting roller assembly, so that the aim of roadway tunneling is fulfilled.
In this embodiment, the shovel portion is composed of a shovel body, a hydraulic motor, a driving device, a star wheel, a driven wheel device and a shovel cylinder.
The shovel plate body is connected with the front end of the body part through a pin shaft, one end of a shovel plate oil cylinder is connected to the shovel plate, and the other end of the shovel plate oil cylinder is connected to the body frame; the lifting of the shovel plate is realized through the stroke adjustment of the oil cylinder, and the driven wheel device is arranged at the position close to the front end in the middle of the shovel plate body to provide direction change for the operation of the scraper chain; two driving devicesIs divided intoTwo driving devices respectively connected to the middle parts of the left and right sides of the shovel plate bodyLower partThe square is connected with a hydraulic motor, the upper part is connected with a star wheel, and the hydraulic motor passes through a driving deviceWill be provided withThe rotary torque is transmitted to the star wheel, and the star wheel rotates to drive the materials cut and falling to be loaded on the first conveyor, so that the materials are collected.
In the present embodiment, the main body is composed of a main body frame, a rotary table 26, a rotary bearing, and a rotary cylinder.
The body frame is fixed on the walking frame bodies at the left side and the right side, a rotary bearing is arranged above the front part of the body frame, and a rotary table 26 is connected above the rotary bearing;
two sides of the body part are respectively provided with a rotary oil cylinder, one end of the rotary oil cylinder is connected with the rotary table 26, and the other end of the rotary oil cylinder is connected with the rear end of the body frame; the revolving platform 26 is driven to rotate left and right by changing the stroke of the oil cylinder, and then the cutting mechanism is driven to realize different cutting widths.
In this embodiment, the traveling part is composed of a track frame, a thrust wheel set, a track, a tension wheel set, a tension cylinder, a driving wheel, a traveling speed reducer, and a traveling motor.
The front end of the crawler frame is provided with a tensioning wheel set, the rear end of the crawler frame is provided with a driving wheel, the lower part of the crawler frame is provided with a supporting wheel set, and a tensioning oil cylinder is arranged between the crawler frame and the tensioning wheel set;
the crawler belt is wrapped on the periphery of the combination body, the walking motor is arranged on the end surface of the walking speed reducer, and the walking speed reducer is respectively connected with the crawler belt frame and the driving wheel through two flange plates;
the rotating torque generated by the traveling motor is transmitted to the traveling speed reducer through the motor output shaft, and the traveling speed reducer drives the driving wheel to rotate, so that the crawler belt is driven to complete the actions of advancing, retreating, steering and the like of the tunneling machine.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the dust removing system is composed of an upper air suction opening 12, a lower air suction opening 13, a first air duct 14, an adjusting device 15, a second air duct 16, a third air duct 17, a dust removing device 18, and a cleaning device 19;
the upper air suction opening 12 is arranged at the upper part of the middle of the fork-shaped frame body 23 of the cross shaft cutting mechanism, and the lower air suction opening 13 is arranged at the lower part of the middle of the fork-shaped frame body 23 of the cross shaft cutting mechanism;
the first air duct 14 is connected with the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, the adjusting device 15 is arranged in the first air duct 14, the second air duct 16 and the third air duct 17 are arranged in the front upper part of the rotary table 26, the cleaning device 19 is arranged in the upper air suction opening and the lower air suction opening 13 to clean the air ducts with serious pollution, and the dust removal device 18 is arranged in the middle position above the body part.
The transition second air duct 16 and the third air duct 17 are connected by soft bodies with certain flexibility, and the same transition second air duct 16 and the third air duct 17 can also be composed of hard shells and are connected to the dust removing device 18 in a hinged mode (or a multi-section hinged mode). The dust removing device 18 can be installed at the middle position above the main body part, and can also be installed at the left side or the right side of the upper part of the machine body.
In the embodiment, the hydraulic system is composed of a control console, an oil tank assembly, an oil pump assembly and an oil pump motor.
The console is located the left front side of this somatic part, and hydraulic tank is located the right front side of this somatic part, and the oil pump motor is located the right back side of this somatic part, and the oil pump subassembly is installed between oil pump motor and oil tank subassembly.
In this embodiment, the rear support part is composed of a coupling frame, two transfer/return table rear support cylinders, and a supporter.
The connecting frame is connected with the body frame through a flange on the front end face, and the tail end of the second transport turntable connecting frame is connected;
the support is hinged with the connecting frame through a pin shaft, one end of the rear support oil cylinder is connected with the connecting frame, and the other end of the rear support oil cylinder is connected with the support;
the support is controlled to stabilize the ground by adjusting the stroke of the rear support oil cylinder so as to provide support force for the stability of the tunneling machine body.
In this embodiment, the first conveyor is composed of a chute body 27, a scraper chain assembly 28, a driving device 29, a conveyor reducer 30, a tensioning device 31 and a conveyor motor 32.
The chute body 27 is positioned in the middle of the body frame, the front end of the chute body 27 is connected with the shovel plate body through a pin shaft, and the driving device 29 is placed in a chute at the rear part of the chute body 27; one end of the tension device 31 is connected with the chute body 27, and the other end is connected with the driving device 29;
the tensioning of the chain is realized by pushing an oil cylinder or a lead screw in the driving device 29, a conveying motor 32 is connected to the right side of the driving device 29 through a flange, a conveying speed reducer 30 is connected to the left side of the driving device 29, the rotating torque generated by the conveying motor 32 is transmitted to the conveying speed reducer 30, and is transmitted to a chain wheel on the driving device 29 after the torque is increased and amplified by the speed reducer, so that the scraper chain assembly 28 is driven to run.
The scraper conveying system is in a non-deflection type (non-swing type) unloading structure form at the tail of the development machine, and the alternative scheme is as follows: the middle single chain improves the bending performance of the chain, so that the chute can be shifted from 0-45 degrees (or more deflection angles, even 90 degrees) leftwards and rightwards at the tail part of the machine, and the height adjustment of the chute at the tail part of the machine can be realized, so that the material can be conveniently conveyed to a proper position.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the height of the cutting mechanism is adjusted through the stroke of the oil cylinder, the spraying block 25 is arranged above the front part of the fork-shaped frame body 23 and used for dust suppression, the rotating torque generated by the cutting motor 20 is transmitted to the cutting speed reducer 22, and then is transmitted to the cutting roller assembly 21 after passing through the torque-increasing amplifying torque of the cutting speed reducer 22 and acts on the coal wall through the cutting teeth on the cutting roller assembly, so that the aim of roadway tunneling is fulfilled.
The lifting of the shovel plate is realized through the stroke adjustment of the oil cylinder, and the driven wheel device is arranged at the position close to the front end in the middle of the shovel plate body to provide direction change for the operation of the scraper chain; two driving devices are respectively connected with the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the shovel plate body, a hydraulic motor is connected with the two driving devices, a star wheel is connected with the two driving devices, and the hydraulic motor passes through the driving devicesWill be provided withThe rotating torque is transmitted to the star wheel, and the star wheel rotates to drive the cut and falling materials to be loaded on the first conveyor, so that the materials are collected; the revolving platform 26 is driven to rotate left and right by changing the stroke of the oil cylinder, and then the cutting mechanism is driven to realize different cutting widths.
The rotating torque generated by the traveling motor is transmitted to the traveling speed reducer through the motor output shaft, and the traveling speed reducer drives the driving wheel to rotate so as to drive the crawler belt to complete the actions of advancing, retreating, steering and the like of the tunneling machine; the support is controlled to stabilize the ground by adjusting the stroke of the rear support oil cylinder so as to provide a supporting force for the stability of the tunneling machine body; the tensioning of the chain is realized by pushing the driving device 29, a conveying motor 32 is connected to the right side of the driving device 29 through a flange, a conveying speed reducer 30 is connected to the left side of the driving device 29, the rotating torque generated by the conveying motor 32 is transmitted to the conveying speed reducer 30, and is amplified by the torque increasing of the speed reducer and then transmitted to a chain wheel on the driving device 29, so that the scraper chain assembly 28 is driven to operate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention changes the existing coal roadway and half coal rock roadway tunneling process and operation form, and develops a novel coal roadway rapid tunneling device for accelerating the tunneling speed of the roadway. The coal roadway cutting machine integrates cutting, loading, conveying and dust removing, is provided with a unique cross shaft cutting drum, can perform mechanical cutting on a coal roadway working face quickly and efficiently, and is provided with a unique loading and conveying mechanism. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, high speed, high reliability and overload resistance, can solve the problem that the discharging of the development machine deviates from the secondary conveying belt when the secondary conveying deviates from the center of the roadway, has a unique and high-efficiency dust removal system, can directly suck the generated coal dust at a dust generating point for purification treatment during cutting operation, can automatically allocate air suction volume according to the operation condition, can automatically clean a heavily polluted air duct, and greatly purify the working environment of underground workers. The invention is suitable for working face operations such as mine roadway opening, coal roadway tunneling and the like, and is an advanced device for coal roadway rapid tunneling in China at present.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a full coal tunnel cross axle entry driving machine which characterized in that, full coal tunnel cross axle entry driving machine is provided with:
a body portion;
a cross shaft cutting mechanism is fixed at the central position of the front upper part of the body part, and a shovel plate part is arranged in front of the body part;
a walking part is arranged below the body part, lubricating points of all moving parts of the machine body on the body part are dispersed with lubricating systems, and a dust removal system is arranged in the middle position above the body part;
the left side and the right side of the body part are provided with hydraulic systems, the middle position of the left side of the body part is provided with a water system, and the back of the body part is provided with a back supporting part;
an electric system is arranged at the position close to the rear of the left side of the body part, and a first conveyor is arranged at the middle position of the body part;
a fork-shaped frame body in the cross shaft cutting mechanism is connected with the body part revolving platform through a pin shaft, and a cutting motor is connected in front of the fork-shaped frame body; two cutting speed reducers are respectively connected to two sides of the cutting motor, the cutting roller assembly is connected to an output flange plate of the cutting speed reducers, two cutting lifting oil cylinders are located below two sides of the cutting part and connected with the fork-shaped frame body through one end of the pin shaft, and the other end of the pin shaft is connected with the rotary table of the body part.
2. The all-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine according to claim 1, wherein a shovel plate body in the shovel plate part is connected with the front end of the body part through a pin shaft, one end of a shovel plate cylinder is connected to the shovel plate, and the other end of the shovel plate cylinder is connected to the body frame;
the first conveyor consists of a chute body, a scraper chain assembly, a driving device, a conveying speed reducer, a tensioning device and a conveying motor; the chute body is positioned in the middle of the body frame, the front end of the chute body is connected with the shovel plate body through a pin shaft, and the driving device is placed in a chute at the rear part of the chute body; one end of the tensioning device is connected with the chute body, and the other end of the tensioning device is connected with the driving device; the tensioning of a conveying chain is realized by pushing an oil cylinder or a lead screw in the driving device, a conveying motor is connected to the right side of the driving device through a flange, a conveying speed reducer is connected to the left side of the driving device, a rotating torque generated by the conveying motor is transmitted to the conveying speed reducer, and is amplified by the speed reducer in a torque increasing mode and then transmitted to a chain wheel on the driving device, so that the scraper chain assembly is driven to run.
3. The all-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine according to claim 1, wherein the body part is provided with a body frame, the body frame is fixed on walking frame bodies on the left side and the right side, a slewing bearing is arranged above the front of the body frame, and a slewing table is connected above the slewing bearing;
two sides of the body part are respectively provided with a rotary oil cylinder, one end of the rotary oil cylinder is connected with the rotary table, and the other end of the rotary oil cylinder is connected with the rear end of the body frame.
4. The all-coal roadway cross-shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein a tension wheel group is arranged at the front end of the track frame in the travelling part, a driving wheel is arranged at the rear end of the track frame, a supporting wheel group is arranged below the track frame, and a tension oil cylinder is arranged between the track frame and the tension wheel group;
the crawler belt is wrapped on the periphery of the combination body, the walking motor is installed on the end face of the walking speed reducer, and the walking speed reducer is respectively connected with the crawler belt frame and the driving wheel through the two flange plates.
5. The all-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine according to claim 1, wherein an upper air suction opening of the dust removal system is arranged at a position close to the upper part in the middle of a fork-shaped frame body of the cross-shaft cutting mechanism, and a lower air suction opening is arranged at a position close to the lower part in the middle of the fork-shaped frame body of the cross-shaft cutting mechanism;
the first air channel is connected with the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, the adjusting device is arranged in the first air channel, the second air channel and the third air channel are arranged in the front upper part and the front upper part of the rotary table, the spraying device is arranged in the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet to clean the air channels seriously polluted, and the dust removal device is arranged in the middle position above the body part;
the dust removal system consists of an upper air suction opening, a lower air suction opening, a first air duct, an adjusting device, a second air duct, a third air duct, a dust removal device and a cleaning device; the upper air suction opening is arranged at the upper part of the middle of the fork-shaped frame body of the cross shaft cutting mechanism, and the lower air suction opening is arranged at the lower part of the middle of the fork-shaped frame body of the cross shaft cutting mechanism; the first air channel is connected with the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, the adjusting device is arranged in the first air channel, the second air channel and the third air channel are arranged in the front upper part of the rotary table, the cleaning device is arranged in the air channel with serious cleaning pollution in the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, and the dust removal device is arranged in the middle position above the body part;
the transition second air channel and the third air channel are connected by soft bodies with certain flexibility, the same transition second air channel and the third air channel consist of hard shells, and the air channels are connected to the dust removal device in a hinged mode or a multi-section hinged mode; the middle position above the dust removing device installation body part is also arranged on the left side or the right side of the upper part of the machine body;
the cross shaft cutting mechanism consists of a cutting motor, a cutting roller assembly, a cutting speed reducer, a forked frame body, a cutting lifting oil cylinder and a spraying block; the fork-shaped frame body is connected with the body part revolving platform through a pin shaft, and the cutting motor is connected in front of the fork-shaped frame body; the two cutting speed reducers are respectively connected to two sides of the cutting motor, the cutting roller assembly is connected to an output flange plate of the cutting speed reducer, the two cutting lifting oil cylinders are positioned behind and below two sides of the cutting part and are connected with the forked frame body through one end of a pin shaft, and the other end of the pin shaft is connected with the rotary table of the body part; the height of the cutting mechanism is adjusted through the stroke of the oil cylinder, the spraying block is arranged above the front part of the fork-shaped frame body and used for dust suppression, the rotating torque generated by the cutting motor is transmitted to the cutting speed reducer, and then the rotating torque is transmitted to the cutting roller assembly through the torque-increasing amplifying torque of the cutting speed reducer and acts on the coal wall through the cutting teeth on the cutting roller assembly.
6. The all-coal roadway cross-axis heading machine of claim 1, wherein the console in the hydraulic system is located on the front left side of the body portion, the hydraulic oil tank is located on the front right side of the body portion, the oil pump motor is located on the rear right side of the body portion, and the oil pump assembly is mounted between the oil pump motor and the oil tank assembly.
7. The all-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine according to claim 1, wherein the coupling frame in the rear support part is connected with the body frame through a front end face flange, and the second transport turntable is connected with the tail end of the coupling frame;
the support is hinged with the connecting frame through a pin shaft, one end of the rear support oil cylinder is connected with the connecting frame, and the other end of the rear support oil cylinder is connected with the support.
8. The all-coal roadway cross-shaft heading machine according to claim 1, wherein the chute body in the first conveyor is located in the middle of the body frame, the front end of the chute body is connected with the shovel plate body through a pin shaft, and the driving device is placed in a chute at the rear part of the chute body; one end of the tension device is connected with the chute body, and the other end of the tension device is connected with the driving device.
9. The control method of the all-coal lateral shaft heading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control method of the all-coal lateral shaft heading machine comprises:
the height of the cutting mechanism is adjusted through the stroke of the oil cylinder, the spraying block is arranged above the front part of the fork-shaped frame body and used for dust suppression, the rotating torque generated by the cutting motor is transmitted to the cutting speed reducer, and then is transmitted to the cutting drum assembly after passing through the torque-increasing amplifying torque of the cutting speed reducer and acts on the coal wall through the cutting teeth on the cutting drum assembly, so that the aim of tunneling a roadway is achieved;
the lifting of the shovel plate is realized through the stroke adjustment of the oil cylinder, and the driven wheel device is arranged at the position close to the front end in the middle of the shovel plate body to provide direction change for the operation of the scraper chain; the two driving devices are respectively connected to the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the shovel plate body, the hydraulic motors are connected below the two driving devices, the star wheel is connected above the two driving devices, the hydraulic motors transmit rotating torque to the star wheel through the driving devices, and the star wheel rotates to drive cut falling materials to be loaded on the first conveyor, so that the materials are collected; the rotary table is driven to rotate left and right by changing the stroke of the oil cylinder, so that the cutting mechanism is driven to realize different cutting widths;
the rotating torque generated by the traveling motor is transmitted to the traveling speed reducer through the motor output shaft, and the traveling speed reducer drives the driving wheel to rotate so as to drive the crawler belt to complete the actions of advancing, retreating, steering and the like of the tunneling machine; the support is controlled to stabilize the ground by adjusting the stroke of the rear support oil cylinder so as to provide a supporting force for the stability of the tunneling machine body; the tensioning of a conveying chain is realized by pushing an oil cylinder or a lead screw in the driving device, a conveying motor is connected to the right side of the driving device through a flange, a conveying speed reducer is connected to the left side of the driving device, a rotating torque generated by the conveying motor is transmitted to the conveying speed reducer, and is amplified by the speed reducer in a torque increasing mode and then transmitted to a chain wheel on the driving device, so that the scraper chain assembly is driven to run.
10. A coal roadway tunneling method is characterized in that the full-coal roadway cross-shaft tunneling machine of any one of claims 1-8 is used in the coal roadway tunneling method.
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| CN202011156904.5A CN112253158A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Full-coal roadway cross shaft tunneling machine, control method and application |
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| CN202011156904.5A CN112253158A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Full-coal roadway cross shaft tunneling machine, control method and application |
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| CN112943283A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-11 | 山东科技大学 | Novel cutting device of heading machine and working method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210122 |