CN112151890A - Low-temperature matching method of lithium ion battery pack and lithium ion battery pack - Google Patents
Low-temperature matching method of lithium ion battery pack and lithium ion battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN112151890A CN112151890A CN202011078302.2A CN202011078302A CN112151890A CN 112151890 A CN112151890 A CN 112151890A CN 202011078302 A CN202011078302 A CN 202011078302A CN 112151890 A CN112151890 A CN 112151890A
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 102100028667 C-type lectin domain family 4 member A Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 101000766908 Homo sapiens C-type lectin domain family 4 member A Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature matching method of a lithium ion battery pack, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out capacity test on each battery cell, and screening out battery cells with qualified capacity; (2) standing the battery cell for a standing time L in a relatively low-temperature environment, discharging, recording voltage values V3 and V4 before and after discharging, and simultaneously performing DCIR test; (3) the preparation method comprises the following steps: matching voltage groups according to the voltage tested in the low-temperature environment in the step (2); and (3) matching the internal resistances according to the DCIR value tested in the low-temperature environment in the step (2). The voltage tested at low temperature is used as the matching voltage, and the consistency of the screened electric core is superior to the voltage value test at normal temperature; meanwhile, the DCIR value is tested at low temperature for matching, so that the low-temperature performance consistency of the battery cell is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery manufacturing, and particularly relates to a matching method of a lithium ion battery pack and a corresponding lithium ion battery pack.
Background
The lithium battery is widely applied to the power and 3C industries as an energy source with high energy density and long service life; by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel to form a battery pack, higher use voltage and capacity can be obtained, and the application field of the lithium battery is further expanded.
However, in the manufacturing process of the battery, certain differences exist among the single batteries due to certain differences and fluctuations of raw materials, production environments, equipment and the like, and when the cell difference among the battery groups is large, the problems of reduction of available capacity, reduction of cycle life and the like are caused.
In order to ensure the consistency of the battery cells of the same battery pack, the capacity, voltage and alternating current internal resistance of the battery cells are graded and then matched, but the matching method does not consider the characteristic that the direct current resistance (DCIR) value of the lithium battery can change along with the temperature, when the battery pack is used at low temperature, the DCIR difference value between the battery packs can be amplified, so that the voltage difference at the charging and discharging tail ends is increased, and the consistency of the battery pack is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-temperature matching method of a lithium ion battery pack, which is used for reducing the pressure difference value of a battery cell of the battery pack during use, particularly low-temperature use, and improving the performance and the service life of the battery pack. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-temperature matching method of a lithium ion battery pack is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out capacity test on each battery cell, and screening out battery cells with qualified capacity;
(2) standing the battery cell for a standing time L in an environment with a lower temperature than the test environment in the step (1), discharging, recording voltage values V3 and V4 before and after discharging, and simultaneously performing a DCIR test;
(3) the preparation method comprises the following steps: matching voltage groups according to the voltage tested in the low-temperature environment in the step (2); and (3) matching the internal resistances according to the DCIR value tested in the low-temperature environment in the step (2).
As a specific technical scheme, before or after the step (1), the method further comprises the steps of testing the K value of each battery cell and rejecting the battery cells with the K values larger than the preset value W.
As a specific technical scheme, the capacity test in the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps: charging each battery cell through a first preset electric quantity Q1, standing for a time S, discharging by a second preset electric quantity Q2, testing the capacity, and rejecting the battery cells with the capacity smaller than a preset value M.
As a specific technical scheme, in the step (1), the battery cores with the capacity less than M are removed, and then the battery cores with the capacity difference within 1% are divided into a group.
Specifically, Q1 is 0.5C, S is 30 ± 5min, and Q2 is 0.02C.
As a specific technical scheme, the step of testing the K value of each cell and eliminating the cells with the K values larger than the preset value W specifically comprises: the cell is placed in an environment with a higher temperature than the test environment in the step (1) for a time D1, then the cell is placed in a standing state for a time D2 at normal temperature, a voltage value V1 is obtained through testing, a voltage value V2 is obtained through testing after a time T is separated, and a K value is calculated to be (V1-V2)/T.
As a specific technical scheme, the higher temperature is 42-48 ℃, the temperature D1 is three days, the temperature D2 is one day, and the temperature T is three days.
As a specific technical scheme, the lower temperature in the step (2) is 10-15 ℃, and the control conditions of the discharge in the step (2) are as follows: the discharge electric quantity Q3 is 0.5C, the discharge time is 500ms, and DCIR is calculated according to the formula DCIR (V3-V4)/0.5C; and removing the cells with the DCIR value outside the mean value plus four sigma, dividing the cells with the DCIR value difference smaller than the preset value R into a group, and dividing the cells with the V3 smaller than the preset value Vs into a group.
As a specific technical scheme, when three battery cells of 3600mAh are connected in series and matched, 3600mAh is taken as the preset value M, 0.06 +/-0.01 mV/H is taken as the preset value W, 12 +/-2 hours is taken as the standing time L, 5mV is taken as the voltage value Vs, and 10 milliohms is taken as the R.
The invention also provides a lithium ion battery pack, which is prepared by adopting the low-temperature matching method of the lithium ion battery pack.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the matching mode adopts the voltage tested at low temperature as the matching voltage, and the consistency of the screened electric core is superior to the voltage value test at normal temperature; meanwhile, the DCIR value is tested at low temperature for matching, so that the low-temperature performance consistency of the battery cell is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a low-temperature grouping method for a lithium ion battery pack provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is made with reference to fig. 1:
example one
In this embodiment, taking a matching group of three battery cells of 3600mAh connected in series as an example, a corresponding low-temperature matching method for a lithium ion battery pack includes the following steps:
firstly, testing and screening the capacity of a battery cell:
firstly, after 0.5C constant current and constant voltage charging (0.02C cut-off), standing for 30min, and discharging at 0.02C constant current to test the capacity;
capacity matching: and (4) rejecting batteries with capacities less than 3600mAh, and dividing the battery cores with capacities within 1% into a group.
Testing and screening the K value of the battery cell:
after the battery cell is placed at 45 ℃ for three days, the battery cell is stood for one day at normal temperature to obtain a voltage value V1, and the voltage value V2 is obtained by testing at intervals of T time (three days), so that the voltage of the battery cell is stable after effective passive battery cell; calculating a K value (V1-V2)/T, the K value indicating a voltage drop of the battery per unit time; and (3) removing the cells with large self-discharge, in particular removing the cells with K more than 0.06 mV/H.
Thirdly, testing and screening the battery cell at low temperature:
placing the cell in an environment at 15 ℃ and standing for 12H, testing to obtain a voltage value V3, discharging for 500ms at 0.5C, recording the voltage V4 after discharging, and calculating DCIR (V3-V4)/0.5C;
voltage grouping: dividing the battery cores with the tested V3 value difference of less than or equal to 5mV into a group;
DCIR grouping: and eliminating the cells with the DCIR values out of the average value plus 4 sigma, and dividing the DCIR values into a group with the difference of 10 milliohms.
Fourthly, forming a matching scheme:
in summary, grouping is performed as follows: the cells with the capacity difference within 1 percent, the DCIR value difference within 10 milliohms and the cells with the voltage within 5Mv form a group.
Example two
In this embodiment, taking a matching group of three battery cells of 3600mAh connected in series as an example, the corresponding low-temperature matching method for the lithium ion battery pack includes the following steps:
firstly, capacity testing:
firstly, after 0.5C constant current and constant voltage charging (0.02C cut-off), standing for 30min, and discharging at 0.02C constant current to test the capacity;
capacity matching: and (4) rejecting batteries with capacities less than 3600mAh, and dividing the battery cores with capacities within 1% into a group.
Testing and screening the K value of the battery cell (the K value refers to the voltage drop of the battery in unit time):
placing the cell at 45 ℃ for three days, standing at normal temperature for one day to obtain a voltage value V1, testing at intervals of T time (three days) to obtain a voltage value V2, and calculating a K value which is V1-V2/T;
and (3) removing the cells with large self-discharge, in particular removing the cells with K more than 0.06 mV/H.
And thirdly, low-temperature testing and screening:
placing the cell in an environment at 10 ℃ for 10H, testing to obtain a voltage value V3, discharging for 500ms at 0.5C, recording the voltage V4 after discharging, and calculating DCIR (V3-V4)/0.5C;
voltage grouping: dividing the battery cores with the tested V3 value difference of less than or equal to 5mV into a group;
DCIR grouping: and eliminating the cells with the DCIR values out of the average value plus 4 sigma, and dividing the DCIR values into a group with the difference of 10 milliohms.
Fourthly, forming a matching scheme:
in summary, grouping is performed as follows: the cells with the capacity difference within 1 percent, the DCIR value difference within 10 milliohms and the cells with the voltage within 5Mv form a group.
EXAMPLE III
In this embodiment, taking a matching group of three battery cells of 3600mAh connected in series as an example, the corresponding low-temperature matching method for the lithium ion battery pack includes the following steps:
firstly, testing and screening the capacity of a battery cell:
firstly, after 0.5C constant current and constant voltage charging (0.02C cut-off), standing for 30min, and discharging at 0.02C constant current to test the capacity;
capacity matching: and (4) rejecting batteries with capacities less than 3600mAh, and dividing the battery cores with capacities within 1% into a group.
Testing and screening the K value of the battery cell:
placing the cell at 45 ℃ for three days, standing at normal temperature for one day to obtain a voltage value V1, testing at intervals of T time (three days) to obtain a voltage value V2, and calculating a K value which is V1-V2/T;
and (3) removing the cells with large self-discharge, in particular removing the cells with K more than 0.06 mV/H.
Thirdly, testing and screening the battery cell at low temperature:
placing the cell in an environment at 12 ℃ and standing for 11H, testing to obtain a voltage value V3, discharging for 500ms at 0.5C, recording a voltage value V4 after discharging, and calculating DCIR (V3-V4)/0.5C;
voltage grouping: dividing the battery cores with the tested V3 value difference of less than or equal to 5mV into a group;
DCIR grouping: and eliminating the cells with the DCIR values out of the average value plus 4 sigma, and dividing the DCIR values into a group with the difference of 10 milliohms.
Fourthly, forming a matching scheme:
in summary, grouping is performed as follows: the cells with the capacity difference within 1 percent, the DCIR value difference within 10 milliohms and the cells with the voltage within 5Mv form a group.
The above embodiments are merely provided for full disclosure and not for limitation, and any replacement of equivalent technical features based on the gist of the present invention without creative efforts should be considered as the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A low-temperature matching method of a lithium ion battery pack is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out capacity test on each battery cell, and screening out battery cells with qualified capacity;
(2) standing the battery cell for a standing time L in an environment with a lower temperature than the test environment in the step (1), discharging, recording voltage values V3 and V4 before and after discharging, and simultaneously performing a DCIR test;
(3) the preparation method comprises the following steps: matching voltage groups according to the voltage tested in the low-temperature environment in the step (2); and (3) matching the internal resistances according to the DCIR value tested in the low-temperature environment in the step (2).
2. The low-temperature matching method of the lithium ion battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a step of testing the K value of each cell and rejecting the cells with the K value larger than the preset value W before or after the step (1).
3. The low-temperature matching method of the lithium ion battery pack according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the capacity test in the step (1) is specifically as follows: charging each battery cell through a first preset electric quantity Q1, standing for a time S, discharging by a second preset electric quantity Q2, testing the capacity, and rejecting the battery cells with the capacity smaller than a preset value M.
4. The low-temperature grouping method for lithium ion battery packs according to claim 3, wherein in step (1), the cells with the capacity less than M are removed and the cells with the capacity within 1% are further grouped into a group.
5. The method for matching lithium ion battery packs at low temperature according to claim 3, wherein Q1 is 0.5C, S is 30 ± 5min, and Q2 is 0.02C.
6. The low-temperature matching method of the lithium ion battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the step of testing the K value of each cell and rejecting the cells with the K values larger than a preset value W comprises the following steps: the cell is placed in an environment with a higher temperature than the test environment in the step (1) for a time D1, then the cell is placed in a standing state for a time D2 at normal temperature, a voltage value V1 is obtained through testing, a voltage value V2 is obtained through testing after a time T is separated, and a K value is calculated to be (V1-V2)/T.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the higher temperature is 42-48 ℃, the D1 is three days, the D2 is one day, and the T is three days.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the lower temperature in step (2) is 10-15 ℃, and the discharge in step (2) is controlled under the following conditions: the discharge electric quantity Q3 is 0.5C, the discharge time is 500ms, and DCIR is calculated according to the formula DCIR (V3-V4)/0.5C; and removing the cells with the DCIR value outside the mean value plus four sigma, dividing the cells with the DCIR value difference smaller than the preset value R into a group, and dividing the cells with the V3 smaller than the preset value Vs into a group.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein when three cells of 3600mAh are grouped in series, the preset value M is 3600mAh, the preset value W is 0.06 ± 0.01mV/H, the standing time L is 12 ± 2 hours, the voltage value Vs is 5mV, and R is 10 mOhm.
10. A lithium ion battery pack produced by the low-temperature lithium ion battery pack compounding method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113466708A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-01 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Method for evaluating low-temperature performance of lithium battery |
CN114284543A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-05 | 蜂巢能源科技(无锡)有限公司 | Battery cell matching method and battery module matched by using same |
CN114325436A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 华鼎国联四川动力电池有限公司 | Calibration method for DCIR test value |
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CN113466708A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-01 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Method for evaluating low-temperature performance of lithium battery |
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CN114284543B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-09-22 | 蜂巢能源科技(无锡)有限公司 | Battery cell assembling method and battery module assembled by adopting same |
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