CN112103369B - Concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede and preparation process and application thereof - Google Patents
Concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede and preparation process and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112103369B CN112103369B CN201910523113.2A CN201910523113A CN112103369B CN 112103369 B CN112103369 B CN 112103369B CN 201910523113 A CN201910523113 A CN 201910523113A CN 112103369 B CN112103369 B CN 112103369B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 42
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 3
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005400 gorilla glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0488—Double glass encapsulation, e.g. photovoltaic cells arranged between front and rear glass sheets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a condensing glass plate with micro-nano composite suede and a preparation process and application thereof, which adopts sand blasting equipment to form a micro-scale uniform pit array group on the surface of glass, and etching the micro-scale uniform pit array group to further manufacture a nano-scale uniform pit array group on the surface of the micro-scale uniform pit array group, and finally forming the concentrating glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede by etching. The technology process is simple, the depth of the micro-scale concave lens array group and the nano-scale concave lens array group is stable and controllable, the forming precision is high, the glass surface is fully distributed with micro-nano shallow pits uniformly, the transparency same as that of the original glass surface is realized, the cleaning is easy, and the self-cleaning capability is excellent; the solar cell module prepared by the solar cell module and the solid ultraviolet flexible glue utilizes the diffuse reflection effect generated by the micro-nano concave-convex pits of the front cover plate to ensure that the low reflectivity is realized, and simultaneously, the utilization rate of red orange weak light is improved in all directions, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to a concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede, and a preparation process and application thereof.
Background
A solar cell, also called a "solar chip" or a "photovoltaic cell", is a photovoltaic semiconductor sheet that directly generates electricity using sunlight. The device can output voltage and generate current under the condition of loop in moment as long as the device is illuminated by light meeting a certain illumination condition. Physically, solar Photovoltaic (PV) is abbreviated as Photovoltaic. The main components constituting the solar cell generally include photovoltaic glass for protecting a power generation body (such as a battery sheet), EVA paste for adhesively fixing the tempered glass and the power generation body, and the battery sheet.
The production process of the main flow photovoltaic glass can be divided into two stages of original sheet production and deep processing, wherein the original sheet production is generally prepared by adopting a calendaring method, and the production process can be divided into two stages of original sheet production and deep processing; the production of the original sheet mainly comprises the steps of proportioning, melting, calendaring, annealing and cutting; in the calendaring process, the molten glass at about 1100 ℃ is calendared and cooled at a certain speed through the rollers of a calendaring machine to obtain a glass plate with a certain thickness, a certain plate width, a certain pattern and a transmittance of 91.5%, and then the glass plate is annealed in an annealing kiln to enable the glass plate to have relatively stable stress curve distribution, so that the glass plate has a certain strength, is not easy to crush and is beneficial to cutting and processing.
The diamond-shaped and cone-shaped patterns on the surface of the photovoltaic glass have a scattering effect on incident light, can help to increase the absorption of the solar cell on the incident light, and obtain higher photoelectric conversion efficiency. In order to further improve the transmittance of the embossed glass, photovoltaic glass manufacturers can also use a method of coating AR anti-reflection films on one side or both sides of the embossed or float glass to save cost. For example, solar photovoltaic glass AR anti-reflection coating liquid is adopted, then the coating liquid is uniformly coated on the surface of the photovoltaic glass through a roller coater, and the photovoltaic glass with the AR anti-reflection coating on the surface layer is produced after surface drying, heating and curing and then strengthening in a tempering furnace.
In the deep processing process, the original piece of glass is coated and tempered, the tempering technology adopted by the embossed glass on the market is air-cooled tempering, the glass is required to reach more than 3.2mm to achieve full tempering, the thickness and the weight of the glass are increased to a certain extent, the air-cooled tempered glass has a self-explosion rate in a certain proportion, and tiny particles are formed after the glass is broken to cause the disconnection of a parallel circuit of the battery piece; although the reflectivity of the photovoltaic glass with diamond-shaped and cone-shaped pits on the surface is successfully reduced through a complex forming process, an opaque atomization turbidity layer is generated on the surface of the glass in the high-temperature extrusion process of glass melt, and the diamond-shaped and cone-shaped pits formed on the surface are too deep in bottoms, so that the photovoltaic glass is easy to accumulate dust and sand in deserts and wildlands, the surface of the glass is very easy to dirty and poor in self-cleaning capability, the transmissivity of sunlight is easy to be reduced, the sunlight is difficult to be comprehensively absorbed on the surface layer, and meanwhile, the back surfaces or bottoms of the diamond-shaped and cone-shaped pits are difficult to be irradiated by visible red orange weak light facing sun or sun, so that the power generation efficiency is greatly influenced. In order to improve the sunlight utilization rate, an inclination angle is required to face sunlight when the photovoltaic glass component is installed, the power generation time is shorter and shorter along with the increase of the installation inclination angle, and the photovoltaic component is easily destroyed by strong wind.
On the other hand, the EVA adhesive film used for bonding and fixing the toughened glass and the power generation main body has the transmittance of only 88%, and is easy to turn yellow and age under a high-temperature environment, the transmittance of the film adhesive after the film adhesive is aged and turned yellow is further reduced, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is fast attenuated, in addition, the EVA adhesive film is easy to absorb moisture and expand when meeting water and moisture, air bubbles can be generated on the periphery of the packaging body, and even the packaging body is disassembled.
In view of the defects of the existing solar cell module, the market is in urgent need of a solar power generation product which has simpler process, can sensitively generate power by weak light reflection, has longer power generation time and higher light energy utilization rate, can be horizontally installed and has strong wind resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a preparation method of a concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede.
The first technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the concentrating glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede comprises the following steps:
s1, fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 10-40 micrometers and water to form a micrometer water sand mixture, and uniformly spraying the formed micrometer water sand mixture on the surface of a glass substrate by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun until a micrometer uniform pit array group is formed on the surface of a silicon wafer;
S2, putting the glass subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into etching solution for etching, and cleaning and drying the glass after etching; the etching solution is a single acid or mixed acid etching solution capable of corroding glass, the concentration and etching time of the etching solution are used for making a uniform micro-scale concave lens array group on the surface of the silicon wafer transparent, and the uniform micro-scale concave lens array group is formed;
S3: fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 1-2 microns and water to form a nano-scale water sand mixture, and uniformly spraying the nano-scale water sand mixture to the surface of the glass substrate with the micro-scale concave lens array group obtained in the step S2 by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun to form a nano-scale uniform concave pit array group on the surface;
S4, putting the glass subjected to sand blasting in the step S2 into etching solution for etching, and cleaning and drying the glass after etching to obtain a concentrating glass substrate with micro-nano composite suede; the etching solution is a single acid or mixed acid etching solution capable of corroding glass, the concentration and the etching time of the etching solution are used for transparentizing the nano-scale uniform pit array group, and then the nano-scale concave lens array group is formed on the surface of the uniform micro-scale concave lens array group;
S5: and (3) carrying out immersion type chemical strengthening treatment on the condensing glass substrate obtained in the step (S4) without damaging the appearance, so as to obtain the condensing glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede. The novel high-end photovoltaic glass with the transmittance reaching 94%, strength being 3 times better than that of air cooling reinforcement, weight being reduced by more than 50% and no spontaneous explosion can be produced.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede, which is a completely different production process from embossed glass, wherein the preparation process is simple, no heavy metal ions are used in the preparation process, the preparation method is easy to clean, the depth of a micro-scale concave lens array group and a nano-scale concave lens array group formed by a sand blasting process is stable and controllable, the suede is uniform, the surface of the glass is fully covered with micro-nano shallow pits with uniform size, the transparent glass plate is as same as the surface of the original glass, the cleaning is easy, the natural decontamination can be realized after daily rainwater flushing, the self-cleaning capability is excellent, the thinning weight reduction of toughened glass can be realized after chemical tempering, and the advantages of high impact resistance, low warping degree and non-self-explosion are realized, even if the glass is broken, usually only cracks have no lots of broken small particles, and the breaking of battery piece lines are not easy to cause.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a condensing glass plate with micro-nano composite suede, which is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the first purpose of the invention.
The light-gathering glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede can gather sunlight through a concave light-gathering principle and then irradiate the light to the lower photoelectric conversion cell suede, so that the light gathering quantity is increased, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, various inclined angles at the positions of the nano concave lenses scattered on the micro concave lens surface can capture the oblique red orange weak light, the weak light is uniformly irradiated to the lower cell suede through reflection, refraction and transmission of the inclined pit walls of the pits, the more the nano concave lenses are dense, the better the light gathering uniformity effect is, the light conversion rate of the solar cell is improved, and the visible light with various light wavelengths can be absorbed from different angles, so that the light-gathering glass plate can be used as a light-gathering surface cover plate and a back plate capable of absorbing weak bottom reflected light in a double-glass assembly.
The invention further provides a solar cell module, which comprises a front cover plate, a cell piece and a back plate, wherein the front cover plate is the concentrating glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede.
Further, the cell is a thin film solar cell or a crystalline silicon solar cell.
Further, the front surface of the crystalline silicon wafer of the crystalline silicon solar cell is provided with a micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layer prepared by sand blasting and etching processes, the micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layer comprises a micron velvet surface and a nano velvet surface layer nested on the micron velvet surface, the nano velvet surface layer is smooth, and the surface of the micron velvet surface layer, which is not covered by the nano velvet surface layer, has low reflection turbidity.
The micro-nano transparent composite suede comprises a micron suede and a nano suede nested on the micron suede, so that the light receiving area is increased, the smooth transparent nano suede can effectively absorb long waves, stray light is reduced, reflected light is enhanced when light is refracted into a PN junction material, and reflected light with enough energy is formed to enter the PN junction material again to form an increased photovoltaic effect; the low reflection surface of micron-level concave-convex surface enables a refraction light path to be prolonged, and due to the fact that the pit depth of the concave-convex surface is shallow, the concave-convex surface is slightly influenced by illumination angles during use, and can receive more oblique light beams, weak sunlight in morning sun or evening sun can effectively respond, micro pits and nano pits are in interactive connection, compared with the independent mutually-unconnected ditch ridges of Jin Yuda suede, weak current generated after illumination can flow to a nearby silver paste electrode through the interconnected grid pits and ridges, the light utilization rate is improved while the lower reflectivity is guaranteed, and further the photoelectric conversion efficiency is effectively improved.
The solar cell module realized by the third purpose of the invention ensures that the diffuse reflection effect generated by the micro-nano concave-convex pits of the front cover plate is utilized to realize lower reflectivity, meanwhile, the shallow, dense and smooth nano pits are sensitive to the red light orange light reaction of the morning sun in the absorption long wave band, the wavelength of visible light is arranged according to the sequence of red > orange > yellow > green > blue > violet, the wavelength of the red orange light is longest, the tiny nano transparent shallow pits are very favorable for absorbing the weak reflected light, the shallow pits are not influenced by the illumination angle during illumination, even if the shallow pits are horizontally arranged, the illumination angle is zero, the weak sunlight of morning sun or evening sun can effectively respond, the utilization rate of the red orange weak light is improved in all directions, the time for receiving illumination of the solar cell is further prolonged, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is effectively improved.
The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a bonding process for solar cell modules.
The technical scheme for realizing the fourth purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention relates to an adhesion process of a double-glass photovoltaic module, which comprises a front cover plate, a crystalline silicon solar cell and a back plate which are sequentially adhered by using solid ultraviolet flexible glue (solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive, SUFA for short), wherein the front cover plate and the back plate are light-gathering glass plates with micro-nano composite suede; the bonding process comprises the following steps:
1) Pre-laminating: a roller laminator is used for respectively pasting solid ultraviolet flexible glue on the back surface of a front cover plate and the front surface of a back plate, then a crystalline silicon solar cell is placed on the glue surface of the front cover plate, and then the front surface of the back plate is pasted on the back surface of the crystalline silicon solar cell to form a double-glass glue clamping assembly;
2) Defoaming: placing the double-glass adhesive clamping assembly attached with the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive into an autoclave for defoaming for 50-70 min, and controlling the pressure in the autoclave to be 4 kgf/c square meter-8 kgf/c square meter, so that the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive is in a semi-molten state with hard middle and soft two sides;
3) Curing: and (3) carrying out strong light irradiation on the double-glass adhesive clamping assembly by adopting a high-power UV irradiation lamp, so that the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive is solidified and is attached to each element together, and the double-glass solar cell assembly is formed.
According to the bonding process of the solar cell module, the bubble-free bonding fixation of the laminated solar cell panel is realized by utilizing the characteristics of the solid ultraviolet flexible glue; in the process of inflation and pressurization in the autoclave, the temperature in the autoclave naturally rises, the surface layer of the solid ultraviolet flexible glue is gradually melted, all bubbles are extruded after the front cover plate and the back plate are simultaneously pressed, and all gaps in the crystalline silicon solar cell can be gradually filled with the glue solution melted on the surface layer.
The invention aims at providing a double-glass photovoltaic module.
The technical scheme for achieving the fifth purpose of the invention is that the double-glass photovoltaic module is manufactured by the bonding process of the double-glass photovoltaic module, the front face of the crystalline silicon wafer of the crystalline silicon solar cell is provided with a micro-nano turbid transparent composite pile surface layer manufactured by sand blasting and etching processes, the micro-nano turbid transparent composite pile surface layer comprises a micron pile surface and a nano pile surface layer nested on the micron pile surface, the nano pile surface layer is smooth, and the surface of the micron pile surface layer which is not covered by the nano pile surface layer has low reflection turbidity.
Furthermore, the front and back surfaces of the crystalline silicon wafer of the crystalline silicon solar cell are provided with micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layers prepared by sand blasting and etching processes.
According to the double-glass photovoltaic module, SUFA is adopted for bonding and fixing all elements, the SUFA has the transmittance of 98%, the module is not easy to age and turn yellow, the transmittance is high, the module is in a solid structure at normal temperature and has certain viscosity, the heated solid colloid is in a semi-molten state with hard middle and soft two sides, and the module is shaped after being irradiated and solidified by an ultraviolet lamp and is tightly bonded with a bonded medium. The front cover plate, the battery piece and the back plate can be bonded by using the adhesive instead of the traditional EVA adhesive film, so that the stability and the service life of the structure of the double-glass photovoltaic module can be improved. The novel laminated double-glass photovoltaic module can absorb visible light of various light wavelengths from different angles and can absorb weak bottom reflection light, so that the light conversion rate of the solar cell is improved, the solar cell can be horizontally placed, and 180-degree full-illumination power generation can be realized from rising of the sun to falling of the sun.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a concentrating glass panel with micro-nano composite suede according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the light trapping effect of the concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the arrows represent the light paths;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-glass photovoltaic module according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wafer according to embodiment 4 of the present invention
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the trapping effect of the wafer according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, wherein the arrows represent the light paths.
Detailed Description
The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The preparation method of the concentrating glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the steps of S1, fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 10-40 microns and water to form a micron-sized water sand mixture, and then uniformly spraying the micron-sized water sand mixture onto the surface of a glass substrate by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun until a micron-sized uniform pit array group is formed on the surface of a silicon wafer;
S2, putting the glass subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into etching solution for etching, and cleaning and drying the glass after etching; the etching solution is a single acid or mixed acid etching solution capable of corroding glass, the concentration and the etching time of the etching solution are used for transparentizing the uniform micro-scale pit array group, and the uniform micro-scale concave lens array group is formed;
S3: fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 1-2 microns and water to form a nano-scale water sand mixture, and uniformly spraying the nano-scale water sand mixture to the surface of the glass substrate with the micro-scale concave lens array group obtained in the step S2 by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun to form a nano-scale uniform concave pit array group on the surface;
S4, putting the glass subjected to sand blasting in the step S2 into etching solution for etching, and cleaning and drying the glass after etching to obtain a concentrating glass substrate with micro-nano composite suede; the etching solution is a single acid or mixed acid etching solution capable of corroding glass, the concentration and etching time of the etching solution are used for transparentizing the nano-scale uniform pit array group, and then the nano-scale concave lens array group is formed on the surface of the uniform micro-scale concave lens array group.
S5: and (3) carrying out immersion type chemical strengthening treatment on the condensing glass substrate obtained in the step (S4) without damaging the appearance, so as to obtain the condensing glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede.
The light-focusing glass plate structure with micro-nano composite suede obtained by the preparation method of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and comprises a smooth micro-scale pit array group 111 prepared on the surface 11 of the glass substrate 1 by using a sand blasting etching process, and a smooth nano-scale pit array group 112 nested on the surface of the micro-scale pit array group by using the sand blasting etching process.
Examples 2 to 3
Examples 1 to 3 all used corning gorilla glass, examples 2 to 3 used different process parameters from example 1, the specific technical parameters are shown in table 1;
Table 1:
Comparative example 1: commercially available embossed glass
The concentrating glass plates with micro-nano composite suede obtained in examples 1-4 were compared with embossed photovoltaic glass with a commercially available coating film in comparative example 1, and the technical parameters are shown in Table 2.
Table 2:
As can be seen from Table 2, the concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede obtained by the process of the invention has higher transmittance, shallower depth and lower reflectivity than commercially available coated embossed photovoltaic glass.
The average grain sizes of sand grains in the step S1 and the step S3 are not limited to those in the embodiment, and the average grain sizes of 10-40 micrometers can form a uniform pit array group in a micrometer scale, and the average grain sizes of 1-2 micrometers can form a uniform pit array group in a nanometer scale; because the kinetic energy loss in the process of impacting the surface of the silicon wafer by the water-sand mixture, the depth of the actually formed pits is smaller than the original radius of sand grains, and a nanoscale uniform pit array group with the average pit depth of 500-800 nanometers can be formed by using 1-2 micrometers of sand grains; the etching solution component is not limited to the embodiment, for example, a single acid or mixed acid etching solution capable of corroding glass disclosed in patent number CN201380036506.1, textured glass surface and preparation method thereof can be adopted; the soaking type chemical strengthening treatment is a conventional chemical strengthening process in the glass processing field, and is not described herein.
The sand grain used in the innovative process is uniform in granularity, the sand blasting precision is high, the texture formed after etching is thin and uniform, the glass surface is fully distributed with uniform micro-nano pits, the pits realize the same transparency as the original glass surface, the cleaning is easy, the natural decontamination can be realized after daily rainwater flushing, and the self-cleaning capability is excellent. The depth of the micron-sized concave lens array group and the nanometer-sized concave lens array group is stable and controllable, the molding precision is high, compared with the embossed glass pyramid with the traditional coating film, the glass light transmittance is high, the surface roughness RA value is smaller, the micro-nano composite suede is fine and uniform, the average depth RZ is shallow, the surface processing depth is shallow, the depth consistency is good, the inside of a crystal silicon wafer is not damaged, cracks are not easy to generate, the impact resistance is strong, the reflectivity is low, and the light absorption capacity of a display velvet light trap is strong
Example 4
The bonding process of the double-glass photovoltaic module comprises a front cover plate, a crystalline silicon solar cell and a back plate which are sequentially bonded by solid ultraviolet flexible glue, wherein the front cover plate and the back plate are all the concentrating glass plates with micro-nano composite suede according to the embodiment 1; the bonding process comprises the following steps:
1) Pre-laminating: a roller laminator is used for respectively pasting solid ultraviolet flexible glue on the back surface of a front cover plate and the front surface of a back plate, then a crystalline silicon solar cell is placed on the glue surface of the front cover plate, and then the front surface of the back plate is pasted on the back surface of the crystalline silicon solar cell to form a double-glass glue clamping assembly;
2) Defoaming: placing the double-glass adhesive clamping assembly attached with the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive into an autoclave for defoaming for 50-70 min, and controlling the pressure in the autoclave to be 4 kgf/c square meter-8 kgf/c square meter, so that the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive is in a semi-molten state with hard middle and soft two sides;
3) Curing: and (3) carrying out strong light irradiation on the double-glass adhesive clamping assembly by adopting a high-power UV irradiation lamp, so that the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive is solidified and is attached to each element together, and the double-glass solar cell assembly is formed.
The structure of the dual-glass photovoltaic module manufactured by the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and the dual-glass photovoltaic module comprises a front cover plate 1, a crystalline silicon solar cell 2 and a back plate 3 which are sequentially bonded by a solid ultraviolet flexible glue 10, wherein the front cover plate and the back plate are all light-gathering glass plates with micro-nano composite suede as described in the embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the front and back surfaces of the crystalline silicon wafer 2 have micro-nano turbid transparent composite pile surface layers 21 prepared by sand blasting and etching processes, and the micro-nano turbid transparent composite pile surface layers comprise micro-scale pile surfaces 211 and nano-scale pile surface layers 212 nested on the micro-scale pile surfaces, wherein the nano-scale pile surface layers 212 are smooth, and the surfaces of the micro-scale pile surface layers 211 which are not covered by the nano-scale pile surface layers 212 have low reflection turbidity.
The preparation process of the crystal silicon wafer micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layer comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the steps of S1, fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 10-40 microns with water to form a micron-sized water sand mixture, and uniformly spraying the micron-sized water sand mixture onto the surface of a silicon wafer by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun until a micron-sized hemp surface layer is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer; the surface micron-sized suede can remove saw-tooth marks of the crystal silicon wafer;
S2, fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 1-2 microns and water to form a nano-scale water sand mixture, and uniformly spraying the nano-scale water sand mixture to the surface of the silicon wafer obtained in the step S1 by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun to form a nano-scale hemp surface layer on the surface of the micro-scale hemp surface layer;
and S3, placing the silicon wafer subjected to sand blasting into etching liquid to etch to obtain the micro-nano turbid composite suede product, wherein the etching liquid is mixed acid etching liquid capable of corroding the silicon wafer, and the concentration and etching time of the etching liquid are based on the condition that the surface of the silicon wafer obtained in the step S2 presents concave-convex fluctuation and turbid permeation.
Compared with the traditional pyramid suede crystal silicon wafer, the micro-nano turbid transparent composite suede surface layer has small average roughness of the suede of the shallow pits, so that the suede is fine and uniform, the average depth RZ value is shallow, the surface processing depth is shallow, the depth consistency is good, the inside of the crystal silicon wafer is not damaged, cracks are not easy to generate, the shock resistance is high, chromatic aberration is not easy to generate, chromatic aberration and grade selection are not needed, and the yield is high. More importantly, the shallow pit type suede has low reflectivity, and the light absorption capacity of the micro-nano retro suede light trap of the crystal silicon wafer is high. The micro-nano composite suede is manufactured on the surfaces of the front cover plate and the back plate of the double-glass photovoltaic module, so that the reflection of sunlight and reflected light can be reduced, the light absorption can be increased, the solid ultraviolet optical adhesive with high transmittance and high compactness can improve the transmittance of the sunlight and the reflected light, the double-sided power generation is realized by selecting a crystal silicon wafer with the micro-nano composite suede on two sides, the lighting area is increased on two sides, the light absorption capacity of the sunlight and the weak light is enhanced by the micro-nano composite suede, the power generation time is prolonged by the flat placement of a battery piece, and the photoelectric conversion rate reaches more than 25%.
The thickness of the double-glass photovoltaic module realized by the embodiment is only 1-4mm, which is far lower than that of a photovoltaic module formed by air-cooled toughened glass, and the double-glass photovoltaic module has the advantages of light weight, thin thickness, strong impact resistance, high transmittance, low reflection, self-cleaning and decontamination, no inclination angle required for horizontal or vertical arrangement, no reflection, no light pollution, long power generation time and higher light conversion efficiency, and is particularly suitable for the application scene of the photovoltaic cell module at high ends such as vehicle-mounted, airborne, spaceship, high-rise outer wall and the like.
Example 5
The solar cell module is different from embodiment 4 in that only the front cover plate is the concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede as described in embodiment 1, and the cell can be a thin film solar cell or a crystalline silicon solar cell, etc. which are conventional in the photovoltaic field.
The crystalline silicon wafer structure of the crystalline silicon solar cell can be the crystalline silicon wafer structure described in the embodiment 4, and a micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layer prepared by sand blasting and etching processes can be formed on the front surface of the crystalline silicon wafer.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent processes or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields using the content of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation process of a concentrating glass plate with micro-nano composite suede is characterized by comprising the following steps of: which comprises the following steps:
S1, fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 10-40 micrometers and water to form a micrometer water sand mixture, and uniformly spraying the formed micrometer water sand mixture on the surface of a glass substrate by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun until a micrometer uniform pit array group is formed on the surface of the glass substrate;
S2, putting the glass subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into etching solution for etching, and cleaning and drying the glass after etching; the etching solution is a single acid or mixed acid etching solution capable of corroding glass, the concentration and etching time of the etching solution are used for making a uniform micro-scale concave lens array group on the surface of the glass substrate transparent, and the uniform micro-scale concave lens array group is formed;
S3: fully stirring and mixing sand grains with the average grain diameter of 1-2 microns and water to form a nano-scale water sand mixture, and uniformly spraying the nano-scale water sand mixture to the surface of the glass substrate with the micro-scale concave lens array group obtained in the step S2 by using a high-pressure water sand spray gun to form a nano-scale uniform concave pit array group on the surface of the glass substrate;
S4, putting the glass subjected to sand blasting in the step S3 into etching solution for etching, and cleaning and drying the glass after etching to obtain a concentrating glass substrate with micro-nano composite suede; the etching solution is a single acid or mixed acid etching solution capable of corroding glass, the concentration and the etching time of the etching solution are used for transparentizing the nano-scale uniform pit array group, and then the nano-scale concave lens array group is formed on the surface of the uniform micro-scale concave lens array group;
S5: and (3) carrying out immersion type chemical strengthening treatment on the condensing glass substrate obtained in the step (S4) without damaging the appearance, so as to obtain the condensing glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede.
2. The utility model provides a spotlight glass board with receive compound matte a little which characterized in that: which is produced by the process for producing a concentrating glass sheet according to claim 1.
3. The utility model provides a solar module, its includes front bezel, battery piece and backplate, its characterized in that: the front cover plate is the concentrating glass plate with the micro-nano composite suede as claimed in claim 1.
4. A solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein: the battery piece is a thin film solar battery piece.
5. A solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein: the cell is a crystalline silicon solar cell.
6. The solar cell module of claim 5, wherein: the front surface of the crystalline silicon wafer of the crystalline silicon solar cell is provided with a micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layer prepared by sand blasting and etching processes, the micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layer comprises a micron velvet surface and a nano velvet surface layer nested on the micron velvet surface, the nano velvet surface layer is smooth, and the surface of the micron velvet surface layer, which is not covered by the nano velvet surface layer, has low reflection turbidity.
7. The bonding process of the double-glass photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the double-glass photovoltaic module comprises a front cover plate, a crystalline silicon solar cell and a back plate which are sequentially bonded by solid ultraviolet flexible glue, wherein the front cover plate and the back plate are both condensing glass plates with micro-nano composite suede as claimed in claim 2; the bonding process comprises the following steps:
1) Pre-laminating: a roller laminator is used for respectively pasting solid ultraviolet flexible glue on the back surface of a front cover plate and the front surface of a back plate, then a crystalline silicon solar cell is placed on the glue surface of the front cover plate, and then the front surface of the back plate is pasted on the back surface of the crystalline silicon solar cell to form a double-glass glue clamping assembly;
2) Defoaming: placing the double-glass adhesive clamping assembly attached with the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive into an autoclave for defoaming for 50-70 min, and controlling the pressure in the autoclave to be 4 kgf/c square meter-8 kgf/c square meter, so that the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive is in a semi-molten state with hard middle and soft two sides;
3) Curing: and (3) carrying out strong light irradiation on the double-glass adhesive clamping assembly by adopting a high-power UV irradiation lamp, so that the solid ultraviolet flexible adhesive is solidified and is attached to each element together, and the double-glass solar cell assembly is formed.
8. The utility model provides a dual glass photovoltaic module which characterized in that: the double-glass photovoltaic module is manufactured by the bonding process of the double-glass photovoltaic module, the front surface of the crystalline silicon wafer of the crystalline silicon solar cell is provided with a micro-nano turbidity-penetrating composite pile surface layer manufactured by sand blasting and etching processes, the micro-nano turbidity-penetrating composite pile surface layer comprises a micron pile surface and a nano pile surface layer nested on the micron pile surface, the nano pile surface layer is smooth, and the surface of the micron pile surface layer, which is not covered by the nano pile surface layer, has low reflection turbidity.
9. The dual-glass photovoltaic module of claim 8, wherein: the front and back surfaces of the crystalline silicon wafer of the crystalline silicon solar cell are respectively provided with a micro-nano turbid transparent composite velvet surface layer prepared by a sand blasting and etching process.
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