CN112031761B - Blockage removing device and method for simulating gas well hydrate blockage - Google Patents

Blockage removing device and method for simulating gas well hydrate blockage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112031761B
CN112031761B CN202011033596.7A CN202011033596A CN112031761B CN 112031761 B CN112031761 B CN 112031761B CN 202011033596 A CN202011033596 A CN 202011033596A CN 112031761 B CN112031761 B CN 112031761B
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gas
hydrate
blockage
shaft
pressure
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CN112031761A (en
Inventor
李海涛
魏纳
张博宁
何宇娇
屈思敏
张文颐
孙万通
江林
徐汉明
张绪超
张盛辉
曹洪亮
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Chengdu North Petroleum Exploration And Development Technology Co ltd
Southwest Petroleum University
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Chengdu North Petroleum Exploration And Development Technology Co ltd
Southwest Petroleum University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
    • E21B37/06Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells using chemical means for preventing or limiting, e.g. eliminating, the deposition of paraffins or like substances
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a blockage removing device and method for simulating gas well hydrate blockage. The device comprises notes liquid system, gas injection system, unblock system and data acquisition analytic system, and the liquid injection system includes water pitcher, water injection pump, fluidflowmeter, and the gas injection system includes methane gas cylinder, gaseous booster pump, gas flowmeter, and unblock system includes simulation pit shaft, pressure sensor group, temperature sensor group, visual window, foraminiferous layer board, thermostated container and camera, and data acquisition analytic system includes computer and switch board. The method comprises the following steps: setting a thermostat as the temperature required by the experiment, and setting the outlet pressure of a pressure regulating valve; injecting methane gas into the simulated shaft; injecting clear water into the simulated shaft, decomposing the hydrate by the heat released by the solid blocking remover, recording the decomposition process of the hydrate by a camera, and acquiring data such as temperature, pressure and the like by a computer. The method provided by the invention simulates the production working condition of the gas well shaft by setting the experimental parameters, and provides powerful guarantee for the field gas well shaft hydrate blockage removal construction.

Description

Blockage removing device and method for simulating gas well hydrate blockage
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for removing blockage of a gas well in the process of oil-gas exploration and development, in particular to a device and a method for removing blockage for simulating gas well hydrate blockage.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a non-stoichiometric cage-shaped crystal substance generated by water and natural gas in a high-pressure low-temperature environment, is an unconventional energy source with high density and high heat value, is mainly distributed in marine and land permafrost zone sediments, is generally considered to be the most potential alternative energy source in the 21 st century, and is a new energy source with the largest reserve which is not developed at present.
In the production process of a gas well, due to the fact that the temperature and the high pressure of a shaft are constantly changed, hydrate generation conditions are easily met at some parts of the shaft. Once the hydrate is generated in the shaft, the hydrate is easy to deposit and adhere to the inner wall of the shaft to cause flow obstruction, the serious shaft is even blocked, stratum fluid cannot be exploited and transported to the ground through the shaft, the normal exploitation of a gas well is seriously influenced, and serious economic loss can be caused. At present, the change rules of hydrate decomposition amount, decomposition rate and blockage removal time in the blockage removal process of a gas well shaft are unclear, the change rules of a shaft temperature field and a pressure field and the economic using amount of a blockage removal agent in the blockage removal process are unknown, and a blockage removal device and a method for simulating gas well hydrate blockage removal are urgently needed for the research of the gas well blockage removal rule.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blockage removing device for simulating gas well hydrate blockage, which is reliable in principle and simple and convenient to operate, and can simulate the production working condition of a gas well shaft by setting experimental parameters, so that powerful guarantee is provided for field gas well shaft hydrate blockage removing construction.
The invention also aims to provide a plugging removal method for simulating gas well hydrate plugging by using the device, which can test the change rule of a temperature field and a pressure field of a shaft and the using amount of a plugging removal agent in the plugging removal process, and can monitor, acquire and store parameters such as temperature, pressure, hydrate decomposition amount and decomposition rate in the experimental process in real time.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A blockage removing device for simulating gas well hydrate blockage consists of a liquid injection system, a gas injection system, a blockage removing system and a data acquisition and analysis system.
The liquid injection system comprises a water tank, a fifth valve, a water injection pump, a liquid flowmeter, a sixth valve and a water injection pipeline.
The gas injection system comprises a gas injection pipeline, a gas flowmeter, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, an air compressor, a gas booster pump, a pressure regulating valve, a fourth valve and a methane gas cylinder.
The blockage removing system comprises a simulation shaft, a pressure sensor group, a sapphire visual window, a solid blockage removing agent, a hydrate, a supporting plate with holes, methane gas, a constant temperature box, a temperature sensor group, an upper sealing flange, a lower sealing flange and a camera.
The data acquisition and analysis system comprises a computer and a control cabinet.
Furthermore, fifth valve one end and water pitcher exit linkage, the other end and water injection pump connection, the water injection pump is connected with fluidflowmeter, and the fluidflowmeter other end is connected with sixth valve, sixth valve is through water injection pipeline and last sealing flange connection, goes up sealing flange and simulation pit shaft and utilizes threaded connection, and water injection pipeline communicates with the simulation pit shaft through last sealing flange.
Further, fourth valve one end is connected with the methane gas bottle, and the other end is connected with pressure regulating valve, pressure regulating valve is connected with the gas booster pump, and the gas booster pump is connected with the second valve, and the air compressor machine is through the gas booster pump of third valve connection, and the compressed air that the air compressor machine provided supplies power for gas booster pump compressed methane gas, and the second valve is connected with gas flowmeter, connects first valve in addition on the pipeline between second valve and the gas flowmeter, and this valve is used for simulating the gas emission in the pit shaft so that the pressure release, gas flowmeter is through gas injection pipeline and lower sealing flange, and the gas injection pipeline is through lower sealing flange and simulation pit shaft intercommunication.
Further, lower sealing flange and simulation pit shaft threaded connection, in foraminiferous layer board welded fastening and the simulation pit shaft, the hydrate is put on the foraminiferous layer board, and solid blocking remover is put on the hydrate, the visual window of sapphire is installed at the simulation pit shaft, the camera is installed in the thermostated container, and the camera sees through the visible window of sapphire and can shoot, observe the decomposition condition of hydrate in the simulation pit shaft, and temperature sensor group and pressure sensor group evenly install on the simulation pit shaft, and temperature sensor group and pressure sensor group symmetric distribution simulate the pit shaft and are full of by methane gas, and in the thermostated container was arranged in to the unblocking system, the thermostated container provided the controllable environment of temperature for the simulation pit shaft.
Furthermore, the computer is connected with a control cabinet, and the control cabinet is respectively connected with the pressure sensor group, the thermostat, the gas flowmeter, the air compressor, the water injection pump, the liquid flowmeter, the temperature sensor group and the camera.
The blockage removing method for simulating gas well hydrate blockage by using the device sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the temperature in the constant temperature box as the temperature required by the experiment, filling clear water in the water tank, putting a hydrate on the perforated supporting plate, putting a solid blocking remover on the hydrate, and setting the outlet pressure of the pressure regulating valve;
(2) the gas booster pump injects methane gas into the simulated shaft through the gas injection pipeline, and gas injection is stopped when the pressure in the simulated shaft reaches the pressure required by the experiment;
(3) the water injection pump injects the clear water in the water tank into the simulation shaft through the water injection pipeline until the clear water in the simulation shaft submerges the solid blocking remover, after the clear water is contacted with the solid blocking remover, the hydrate is gradually decomposed by the heat released by the solid blocking remover, the hydrate decomposition process is recorded by the camera, and the temperature and pressure change curve in the blocking removing process is formed by the computer according to the collected data such as temperature, pressure and decomposition process images, and meanwhile, the data such as the hydrate decomposition amount, the decomposition rate and the solid blocking remover dosage are obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the blockage removing device and the blockage removing method can simulate the production working condition of a gas well shaft, and further research the change rule of the decomposition amount and the decomposition rate of the hydrate of the blocked shaft and the blockage removing time;
(2) the blockage removing device and the method can simulate the change rule of a temperature field and a pressure field of a shaft and the dosage of a blockage removing agent in the blockage removing process;
(3) the blockage removing device and the blockage removing method can monitor, collect and store parameters such as temperature, pressure, hydrate decomposition amount and decomposition rate in the experimental process in real time, and can draw the change curve of each parameter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockage removing device for simulating gas well hydrate blockage.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a simulation shaft, 2 parts of a pressure sensor group, 3 parts of a sapphire visual window, 4 parts of a solid blocking remover, 5 parts of a hydrate, 6 parts of a perforated supporting plate, 7 parts of methane gas, 8 parts of a gas injection pipeline, 9 parts of a constant temperature box, 10 parts of a gas flowmeter, 11 parts of a first valve, 12 parts of a second valve, 13 parts of a third valve, 14 parts of an air compressor, 15 parts of a gas booster pump, 16 parts of a pressure regulating valve, 17 parts of a fourth valve, 18 parts of a water tank, 19 parts of a fifth valve, 20 parts of a water injection pump, 21 parts of a liquid flowmeter, 22 parts of a sixth valve, 23 parts of a water injection pipeline, 24 parts of a temperature sensor group, 25 parts of a methane gas cylinder, 26 parts of a computer, 27 parts of a control cabinet, 28 parts of an upper sealing flange, 29 parts of a lower sealing flange and 30 parts of a camera.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples in order to facilitate the understanding of the invention by a person skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in scope to the specific embodiments, but is intended to cover various modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
See fig. 1.
A blockage removing device for simulating gas well hydrate blockage consists of a liquid injection system, a gas injection system, a blockage removing system and a data acquisition and analysis system.
The liquid injection system comprises a water tank 18, a water injection pump 20, a liquid flowmeter 21 and a water injection pipeline 23; the gas injection system comprises a methane gas cylinder 25, a pressure regulating valve 16, a gas booster pump 15, an air compressor 14, a gas flowmeter 10 and a gas injection pipeline 8; the blockage relieving system comprises a simulation shaft 1, a pressure sensor group 2, a temperature sensor group 24, a sapphire visual window 3, a perforated supporting plate 6, a constant temperature box 9 and a camera 30, wherein the simulation shaft 1 is arranged in the constant temperature box 9, the upper end and the lower end of the simulation shaft 1 are connected with an upper sealing flange 28 and a lower sealing flange 29 by screw threads, the simulation shaft is provided with the pressure sensor group 2 and the temperature sensor group 24, the sapphire visual window 3 is embedded in the middle of the simulation shaft, the visual window 3 is opposite to the camera 30, the perforated supporting plate 6 is arranged in the simulation shaft, and a hydrate 5 and a solid blockage relieving agent 4 are placed on the perforated supporting plate 6; the data acquisition and analysis system comprises a computer 26 and a control cabinet 27.
The water tank 18 is connected with a water injection pump 20 and then is connected with an upper sealing flange 28 of the simulated well bore 1 through a water injection pipeline 23, and a liquid flowmeter 21 is arranged on the water injection pipeline; the methane gas bottle 25 is sequentially connected with a pressure regulating valve 16 and a gas booster pump 15, and then is connected with a lower sealing flange 29 of the simulation shaft 1 through a gas injection pipeline 8, the gas booster pump is connected with an air compressor 14, and a gas flowmeter 10 is arranged on the gas injection pipeline; and the computer is respectively connected with the pressure sensor group, the temperature sensor group, the constant temperature box, the gas flowmeter, the air compressor, the water injection pump, the liquid flowmeter and the camera through the control cabinet.
Clean water in the water tank 18 is injected into the simulated shaft 1 through the water injection pipeline 23, after the clean water is contacted with the solid blocking remover 4, the hydrate 5 is gradually decomposed by heat released by the solid blocking remover 4, and the camera 30 observes and records the whole process of the hydrate decomposition through the sapphire visible window 3.
Examples
The preparation process comprises the following steps: an experiment operator firstly gives a temperature control instruction through the computer 26 and the control cabinet 27, so that the temperature in the constant temperature box 9 is set to be the temperature required by the experiment, the water tank 18 is filled with clear water at the temperature required by the experiment, the temperature of the clear water is the same as that of the constant temperature box 9, then the hydrate 5 is placed on the perforated supporting plate 6, the solid blocking remover 4 is placed on the hydrate 5, and the outlet pressure of the pressure regulating valve 16 is set.
And (3) gas injection and pressure maintaining process: and opening the second valve 12, the third valve 13 and the fourth valve 17, then starting the air compressor 14 through the computer 26, driving the gas booster pump 15 by the air compressor 14 to inject methane gas 7 into the simulated shaft 1 through the gas injection pipeline 8, measuring the gas amount in the gas injection process through the gas flowmeter 10, stopping gas injection after the pressure in the simulated shaft 1 reaches the pressure required by the experiment, and then closing related valves.
Liquid injection and blockage removal processes: opening a fifth valve 19 and a sixth valve 22, starting a water injection pump 20 through a computer 26, injecting clean water in a water tank 18 into the simulation shaft 1 through a water injection pipeline 23 by the water injection pump 20, measuring the amount of the clean water injected into the simulation shaft 1 through a liquid flow meter 21, closing the water injection pump 20 after the clean water in the simulation shaft 1 submerges the solid blocking remover 4, closing related valves simultaneously, after the clean water injected into the simulation shaft 1 contacts with the solid blocking remover 4, the solid blocking remover 4 starts to release heat, the solid blocking remover 4 is a novel blocking remover capable of reacting with water to release heat, the heat released by the solid blocking remover 4 is downwards transferred to a hydrate 5 and transferred to clean water around the solid blocking remover 4, the heat released by the solid blocking remover 4 gradually decomposes the hydrate, a camera 30 records the whole process of the decomposition of the hydrate, and an experimental operator can observe the decomposition condition of the hydrate through the computer 26, and after the hydrate is completely decomposed, the liquid injection and blockage removal process is completed. The temperature sensor group 24 and the pressure sensor group 2 acquire temperature and pressure data in real time and upload the data to the computer 26 through the electric control cabinet 27, the computer forms a temperature and pressure change curve in the blockage removing process after being analyzed by data analysis software, and meanwhile, the data such as the decomposition amount, the decomposition rate, the solid blockage removing agent consumption and the like of the hydrate are obtained.
And (3) subsequent cleaning: and opening the first valve 11, discharging waste liquid and waste gas in the simulation shaft 1, and then injecting clear water into the simulation shaft 1 by using the water injection pump 20 to clean the simulation shaft, so that the experiment is finished.
All or part of the processes in the methods of the embodiments may be implemented by a computer program that can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and that, when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a ROM, a RAM, etc.

Claims (2)

1. A blockage removing device for simulating gas well hydrate blockage consists of a liquid injection system, a gas injection system, a blockage removing system and a data acquisition and analysis system, and is characterized in that the liquid injection system comprises a water tank (18), a water injection pump (20), a liquid flowmeter (21) and a water injection pipeline (23); the gas injection system comprises a methane gas cylinder (25), a pressure regulating valve (16), a gas booster pump (15), an air compressor (14), a gas flowmeter (10) and a gas injection pipeline (8); the blockage relieving system comprises a simulation shaft (1), a pressure sensor group (2), a temperature sensor group (24), a sapphire visible window (3), a perforated supporting plate (6), a thermostat (9) and a camera (30), wherein the simulation shaft is arranged in the thermostat, the upper end and the lower end of the simulation shaft are connected with an upper sealing flange (28) and a lower sealing flange (29) through threads, the simulation shaft is provided with the pressure sensor group and the temperature sensor group, the sapphire visible window is embedded in the middle of the simulation shaft, the visible window is right opposite to the camera, the perforated supporting plate is arranged in the simulation shaft, a hydrate (5) and a solid blockage relieving agent (4) are placed on the perforated supporting plate, and the solid blockage relieving agent 4 is a novel blockage relieving agent which reacts with water and releases heat; the data acquisition and analysis system comprises a computer (26) and a control cabinet (27); the water tank (18) is connected with a water injection pump (20) and then is connected with an upper sealing flange (28) of the simulated shaft through a water injection pipeline (23), and the water injection pipeline is provided with a liquid flowmeter (21); the methane gas bottle (25) is sequentially connected with a pressure regulating valve (16) and a gas booster pump (15), and then is connected with a lower sealing flange (29) of the simulated shaft through a gas injection pipeline (8), the gas booster pump is connected with an air compressor (14), and the gas injection pipeline is provided with a gas flowmeter (10); and the computer is respectively connected with the pressure sensor group, the temperature sensor group, the constant temperature box, the gas flowmeter, the air compressor, the water injection pump, the liquid flowmeter and the camera through the control cabinet.
2. The method for simulating the blockage removal of the hydrate blockage of the gas well by using the device as claimed in claim 1 sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the temperature in the constant temperature box as the temperature required by the experiment, filling clear water in the water tank, putting a hydrate on the perforated supporting plate, putting a solid blocking remover on the hydrate, and setting the outlet pressure of the pressure regulating valve;
(2) the gas booster pump injects methane gas into the simulated shaft through the gas injection pipeline, and gas injection is stopped when the pressure in the simulated shaft reaches the pressure required by the experiment;
(3) the water injection pump injects the clear water in the water tank into the simulation shaft through the water injection pipeline, after the clear water is contacted with the solid blocking remover, the hydrate is gradually decomposed by the heat released by the solid blocking remover, the hydrate decomposition process is recorded by the camera, and the temperature and pressure change curve in the blocking removal process is formed by the computer according to the collected temperature, pressure and decomposition process images, and meanwhile, the hydrate decomposition amount, the decomposition rate and the solid blocking remover dosage are obtained.
CN202011033596.7A 2020-09-27 2020-09-27 Blockage removing device and method for simulating gas well hydrate blockage Expired - Fee Related CN112031761B (en)

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CN115236122A (en) * 2021-04-22 2022-10-25 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Blocking remover performance testing device and method
CN113818836B (en) * 2021-10-21 2023-09-19 成都派倬石油科技有限公司 Experimental device and method for simulating multi-node blocking and unblocking process of polymer injection well
CN114636803A (en) * 2022-02-08 2022-06-17 华南理工大学 Experimental device and method for removing hydrate blockage of natural gas pipeline by gas purging
CN115434693B (en) * 2022-10-13 2024-07-19 重庆大学 Device and method for determining blocking position and removing blocking of well shaft hydrate
CN115788420A (en) * 2022-12-26 2023-03-14 西南石油大学 Device and method for simulating blockage of shaft by hydrate in gas production process

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