CN111927248B - Integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window, connecting node and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window, connecting node and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111927248B CN111927248B CN202010954050.9A CN202010954050A CN111927248B CN 111927248 B CN111927248 B CN 111927248B CN 202010954050 A CN202010954050 A CN 202010954050A CN 111927248 B CN111927248 B CN 111927248B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/70—Sills; Thresholds
- E06B1/702—Window sills
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/56—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Bay Windows, Entrances, And Structural Adjustments Related Thereto (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window, a connecting node and a manufacturing method, and belongs to the field of assembly type buildings. The integral prefabricated externally hung floating window can be processed and assembled in factories except for the connection positions with the frame beams and the floor slabs to form a complete product, and can be matched with the traditional frame structure, the prefabricated assembled concrete (PC) structure and the steel structure assembled building structure in an externally hung mode, so that on one hand, the integral quality and the integral precision of the floating window are ensured; on the other hand, the inner and outer decoration, the inner heat preservation and the fire prevention of the member of the floating window are all finished in workshops, so that the site construction is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of assembled buildings, and particularly relates to a prefabricated bay window structure for an assembled building.
Background
The construction process of the stress component of the traditional civil engineering floating window generally comprises the steps of building a wall, binding steel bars, supporting a mould, pouring concrete, maintaining, removing the mould and the like, carrying a window frame to the position of the floating window plate for alignment and fixation when the floating window is installed, and carrying out the procedures of caulking, joint filling, waterproof heat preservation of the floating window plate, external wall painting decoration, internal wall painting decoration, window sash installation and the like. For example, the invention patent with the application number of CN201310696668.X provides a construction method of a cantilever floating window plate concrete integral pouring structure, wherein the floating window plate and an upper connecting beam of a window and an upper floor slab are poured simultaneously, and a lower floating window plate and the upper part of a lower connecting beam of the window are poured simultaneously by reserving the position of the floating window plate in the construction process of a concrete wall body, so that the construction method can be applied to non-floor floating window construction of a house with a cast-in-place concrete shear wall structure.
The construction process of the traditional steel structure floating window comprises the steps of welding two side steel columns with a main body frame on site, welding the upper and lower layer steel frames of the prefabricated floating window with the two side steel columns according to the upper and lower required positions, then binding steel bars, supporting, pouring concrete, curing, removing a mold and the like, carrying a window frame to the position of a floating window plate to perform alignment and fixation when the floating window is installed, and performing the procedures of seam inlaying, joint filling, waterproof heat preservation of the floating window plate, exterior wall painting decoration, interior wall painting decoration, window sash installation and the like. In addition, the prefabricated bay window structure is complicated in the subsequent installation process, and the prefabricated structure is required to be finely adjusted according to different installation positions, so that the complexity of site construction is greatly increased, and the assembly efficiency is reduced. The invention patent with the application number of CN201810235282.1, for example, provides a mounting structure and a mounting method of a prefabricated bay window. However, the bay window performs the prefabrication of the prefabricated outer wall and the window body together, and cannot be applied to different wall structures.
The two methods have the problems of large site construction amount, complex process, multiple working procedures, slow progress, low efficiency, long period, difficult quality control and the like, and the whole operation process of constructors is outdoor operation and high-altitude operation, so that the working environment is poor and potential safety hazards exist. Therefore, although the installation of the traditional steel structure bay window steel beam is more convenient, the whole construction of the bay window cannot embody the development direction of the industry of energy conservation, prefabrication and assembly, and the whole built-in structure also needs to take a great deal of time to maintain and decorate on site. Therefore, designing a prefabricated bay window structure capable of realizing high prefabrication and fewer on-site construction procedures is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window, so that the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window can be highly prefabricated, procedures required by site construction are reduced, and the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window meets the development directions of energy conservation, prefabrication and assembly of an assembled building.
The specific technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window comprising a bay window top plate, a bay window bottom plate, and two uprights; the upright post is a concrete column with built-in steel members, the steel members in the column are arranged along the center of the column in a through length mode, the top ends of the steel members are fixedly provided with first side hanging connecting pieces used for being connected with an external upper frame beam, and the bottom ends of the steel members are fixedly provided with second side hanging connecting pieces used for being connected with a lower frame beam; the two upright posts are parallel and are arranged at intervals; the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate are arranged on the same side of the plane where the two upright posts are arranged in an overhanging mode, three overhanging sides in the clamping space of the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate are surrounded by the outer vertical surfaces of the floating window, and the remaining sides are open to form an outwards-protruding floating window body; the fixed ends of the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate are connected with the two upright posts into a whole, and the floating window body is borne by the upright posts at two sides; the fixing end edge of the floating window top plate is lower than the first side hanging connecting pieces on two sides, and a space between the two upright posts, which is positioned above the fixing end of the floating window top plate, is filled by an upper wallboard; the fixed end of the bay window bottom plate is suspended relative to the bottom ends of the two upright posts, and a space between the two upright posts below the fixed end of the bay window bottom plate is filled by a lower wallboard.
Preferably, a fireproof layer, an insulating layer and an inner decorative layer are paved on the inner wall surface of the floating window body.
As another preferable mode, in the upright post, the steel member adopts I-steel, and reinforced concrete is wrapped outside the I-steel to form a section steel concrete column with a rectangular section; preferably, the web plate of the I-steel is fixedly connected with a hoisting connecting piece, and the hoisting connecting piece is further preferably an internal thread sleeve with an opening positioned on the surface of the upright post.
Further, the floating window top plate and/or the floating window bottom plate are/is of a reinforced concrete structure with two sides supported by steel beams; the reinforced concrete structure consists of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, and the section of the reinforced concrete structure is in a straight shape; the steel bars at the fixed end of the bay window bottom plate and the steel bars in the two upright posts are fixed through binding and welding, and the bay window bottom plate and the concrete of the upright posts are poured integrally; one end of the steel beam at each side of the bay window bottom plate is fixed on a steel member in the upright post at the same side in a cantilever manner, a reinforcing structure is arranged at the fixed position, and the other end of the steel beam extends into the cantilever plate for fixing; preferably, the steel beam is a channel steel; preferably, the reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib arranged on the I-steel. This scheme is denoted as a "in-line scheme" for convenience of subsequent bidding.
Further, the first side hanging connecting piece is an upper connecting bolt hole formed in the vertical web plate at the top of the I-steel.
As another preferable mode, the floating window top plate adopts a reinforced concrete structure consisting of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, wherein the fixed end of the reinforced concrete structure is turned upwards relative to the cantilever plate, and the section of the floating window top plate is L-shaped; the steel bars at the fixed ends and the steel bars in the two upright posts are fixed through binding and welding, and the floating window top plate and the concrete of the upright posts are poured integrally.
As another preferable mode, the bottom plate of the floating window adopts a reinforced concrete structure consisting of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, wherein the fixed end of the bottom plate of the floating window is turned downwards relative to the cantilever plate, and the cross section of the bottom plate of the floating window is in an inverted L shape; the steel bars at the fixed ends and the steel bars in the two upright posts are fixed through binding and welding, and the bay window bottom plate and the concrete of the upright posts are poured integrally.
As another preferable mode, the second side hanging connecting piece comprises a lower end plate and a lower connecting plate, wherein the lower end plate is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the steel member, the lower connecting plate is vertically fixed at the bottom surface of the lower end plate, and a lower connecting bolt hole is formed in the lower connecting plate.
As another preference, the flying window facade is wholly or partly a glazing.
As another preferred aspect, the upper wall panel and/or the lower wall panel are/is lightweight wall panels.
As another preferable mode, the bottom surfaces of the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate are respectively provided with a water dripping line, and the top surface of the floating window top plate is provided with a water flowing slope.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a connection node between an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to any one of the first aspect, where the externally hung bay window is mounted on an upper frame beam and a lower frame beam on the same layer of the building structure through two upright posts; the tops of the two upright posts are fixedly connected with the side surfaces of the first embedded connecting pieces connected and supported on the upper frame beam through first side hanging connecting pieces, and the bottoms of the two upright posts are fixedly connected with the side surfaces of the second embedded connecting pieces connected and supported on the lower frame beam through second side hanging connecting pieces respectively; the two stand columns are hung externally relative to the outer wall surface, the floating window body is overhanging and protrudes out of the outer wall body of the building structure, the upper edge of the upper wallboard is located in the elevation range of the upper floor slab, and the lower edge of the lower wallboard is located in the elevation range of the floor slab where the floating window is located.
As another preferred aspect, the first pre-buried connector is composed of a first preform; the first prefabricated member comprises a first side hanging plate, one side of the first side hanging plate is provided with supporting feet, steel grabbing ribs and built-in threaded sleeves communicated with the surface of the first side hanging plate, the supporting feet are arranged on a frame beam in a vertical plate surface mode and are located above the supporting feet and are pre-buried in an upper floor slab; the first side hanging plate below the supporting foot is provided with a bolt hole for being connected with the first side hanging connecting piece bolt.
Further, the second embedded connecting piece is formed by connecting a first prefabricated member and a second prefabricated member, the second prefabricated member comprises a second side hanging plate, a third side hanging plate and a bottom plate, the third side hanging plate is vertically connected and fixed with the bottom plate, and a fixing hole for being in butt joint with a built-in threaded sleeve on the first side hanging plate is formed in the third side hanging plate; the second side hanging plate is fixed at the internal corners of the third side hanging plate and the bottom plate, and a connecting hole for being connected with the lower connecting plate through a bolt is formed in the plate surface.
Further, the upper frame beam and/or the lower frame beam are/is I-steel.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an integrally prefabricated externally hung floating window according to any one of the aspects except the "in-line type aspect" in the first aspect, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1: a horizontal upper end plate is welded and fixed on the top of the I-steel, and an upper connecting bolt hole is formed in a vertical web plate at the lower position of the upper end plate on the top of the I-steel; a horizontal lower end plate is welded and fixed at the bottom of the I-steel, a vertical lower connecting plate is welded and fixed at the bottom surface of the lower end plate, and a plurality of lower connecting bolt holes are formed in the lower connecting plate; a hoisting connecting piece is welded and fixed on a web plate of the I-steel;
S2: and 4, respectively arranging deformed steel bars at four peripheral long corners of the I-steel in the S1 in a through way, binding and fixing the deformed steel bars in the length direction according to the designed distance, and forming an inner steel structure of the upright post:
s3: arranging and binding steel bars in the plate to fix the floating window top plate with the L-shaped section and the floating window bottom plate with the inverted L-shaped section respectively to form a steel structure in the floating window top plate and a steel structure in the floating window bottom plate;
s4: sequentially placing the steel structures in the upright post, the upper wallboard, the lower wallboard and the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate obtained in the S2 in a concrete pouring mold, and binding and welding the steel structures in the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate with the steel bars in the two groups of upright post inner steel structures; adjusting the interval between each steel structure and the die to a design value;
s5: pouring the mixed concrete into a mould to form a combined prefabricated member integrating the upright post, the upper wallboard, the lower wallboard, the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate;
s6: after the concrete is initially set, removing the mould and continuing to maintain the internal combined prefabricated member;
s7: in the cured combined prefabricated member, the inner surfaces of the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate are subjected to heat insulation plate pasting and fixing;
S8: glass windows are respectively arranged on three overhanging sides in a clamping space formed by the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate to form a surrounding floating window outer vertical surface;
s9: and finishing the fixation of the internal decorative material of the prefabricated bay window according to the design drawing, and finishing the manufacture of the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window according to the "in-line scheme" of the first aspect, comprising the steps of:
s1: a horizontal upper end plate is welded and fixed on the top of the I-steel, and an upper connecting bolt hole is formed in a vertical web plate at the lower position of the upper end plate on the top of the I-steel; a horizontal lower end plate is welded and fixed at the bottom of the I-steel, a vertical connecting plate is welded and fixed at the bottom surface of the lower end plate, and a plurality of lower connecting bolt holes are formed in the connecting plate; welding and fixing reinforcing ribs on two sides of the web plate at the position of installing the bay window bottom plate on the I-steel; a hoisting connecting piece is welded and fixed on a web plate of the I-steel;
s2: cantilever welding steel beams at the reinforcing ribs of the I-steel in the S1, wherein the steel beams are vertical to the I-steel;
s3: respectively arranging deformed steel bars at four peripheral long corners of the I-steel in the S2 in a through way, and binding and fixing the deformed steel bars in the length direction according to the designed distance to form a steel structure in the upright post;
S4: arranging and binding steel bars in the plate to fix the floating window top plate with the L-shaped section and the floating window bottom plate with the straight-shaped section respectively to form a steel structure in the floating window top plate and a steel structure in the floating window bottom plate;
s5: placing the upright post inner steel structures, the upper wallboard, the lower wallboard obtained in the step S3 and the floating window top plate inner steel structure and the floating window bottom plate inner steel structure obtained in the step S4 into a concrete pouring mold in sequence, binding and welding the floating window top plate inner steel structure and the floating window bottom plate inner steel structure with the steel bars in the two groups of upright post inner steel structures, and enabling the steel bars in the floating window bottom plate inner steel structure to penetrate through the steel bar holes on the steel beams and extend to the plate edges of the floating window bottom plate; adjusting the interval between each steel structure and the die to a design value;
s6: pouring the mixed concrete into a mould to form a combined prefabricated member integrating the upright post, the upper wallboard, the lower wallboard, the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate;
s7: after the concrete is initially set, removing the mould and continuing to maintain the internal combined prefabricated member;
s8: the inner surfaces of the top plate and the bottom plate of the floating window are stuck and fixed by the heat insulation plates in the cured combined prefabricated member;
s9: glass windows are respectively arranged on three overhanging sides in a clamping space formed by the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate to form a surrounding floating window outer vertical surface;
S10: and finishing the fixation of the internal decorative material of the prefabricated bay window according to the design drawing, and finishing the manufacture of the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the integral prefabricated externally hung bay window can be processed and assembled in factories except for the connection positions with frame beams and floor slabs to form a complete product, and can be matched with the traditional frame structure, prefabricated assembled concrete (PC) structure and steel structure assembled building structure in an externally hung mode. The integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window has the advantages of two aspects: on one hand, the integral quality and the integral precision of the floating window are ensured (adhesive tape is adopted for the connecting joint between the upper and lower floating window light wallboards, adhesive tape is also adopted for embedding the edge joint between the upper and lower floating window boards and the floating window upright post, so that the impermeability and the air tightness of the node are improved); on the other hand, the inner and outer decoration, the inner heat preservation and the fire prevention of the member of the floating window are all finished in workshops, so that the site construction is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an integrally prefabricated bay window of a first type;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the integrally preformed bay window of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a three view of the steel structural preform within the pillar in the integrally prefabricated cladding bay window of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection nodes (without facades installed) of the integrally prefabricated bay window of FIG. 1 with a building structure;
FIG. 5 is a section E-E of the connection node of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the connection node of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a first preform three-view of the connection node of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a third view of a second preform of the connecting node of FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a three-view of the connection node of FIG. 4 after the first preform and the second preform are connected;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the connection of the top of the post to the first pre-buried connector;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the bottom of the post to the second pre-buried connector;
FIG. 12 is a front view of an integrally prefabricated bay window of a second type;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the integrally preformed bay window of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the connection nodes of the integrally prefabricated bay window of FIG. 12 with a building structure (without installed facades);
FIG. 15 is a section E-E of the connection node of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the connection node of FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is a three view of the steel structural preform within the pillar in the integrally prefabricated cladding bay window of FIG. 14;
FIG. 18 is a front and top view of a steel beam;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a cantilever placement beam on an I-beam;
Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of reinforcement bar binding around the periphery of i-steel;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of rebar tying in a bay window roof;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of rebar tying in bay window floors;
the reference numerals in the drawings are: upright 1, bay window top plate 2, bay window bottom plate 3, lower wallboard 4, glass window 5, upper frame beam 6, lower frame beam 7, floor 8, second pre-buried connector 9, first pre-buried connector 10, steel beam 11, upper wallboard 12, I-steel 101, upper end plate 102, lower end plate 103, hoisting connector 104, steel bar 105, concrete 106, upper connecting bolt hole 107, lower connecting plate 108, reinforcing rib 109, first side hanging plate 901, bolt hole 902, supporting leg 903, steel grasping rib 904, built-in threaded sleeve 905, second side hanging plate 906, third side hanging plate 907, bottom plate 908.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined correspondingly on the premise of no mutual conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected with intervening elements present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window provided by the invention, two types of forms exist, and the difference is that the forms of the bay window plates are different. The first type is a floating louver with an L-shaped section, and the second type is a floating louver with a straight shape. Two types of integrally prefabricated externally hung bay windows will be described in the following to facilitate understanding of the implementation form of the present invention.
In one embodiment, an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window of the first type is provided, and referring to fig. 1 and 2, the main structure of the bay window specifically comprises a bay window top plate 2, a bay window bottom plate 3 and two upright posts 1. The upright column 1 is a concrete column with built-in steel members, the steel members in the column are arranged along the center of the column in a through length mode, and the section form of the concrete column is required to be determined according to the design requirement of a building. The form of the steel member in the column is not limited, and the steel member can be formed by binding all steel bars meeting the strength requirement, and can also be formed by matching steel bars with profile steel. In this embodiment, the steel member in the upright 1 adopts the i-steel 101, the i-steel 101 is externally wrapped with reinforced concrete, and concrete parameters of the reinforced concrete 105 and the concrete 106 are designed according to relevant specifications, so that a steel reinforced concrete column with a square section is formed. Referring to fig. 3, the structure of the i-steel 101 is shown, wherein a first side hanging connector for connecting with an external upper frame beam 6 is fixed at the top end of the steel member, and a second side hanging connector for connecting with a lower frame beam 7 is fixed at the bottom end of the steel member. It should be noted that the first side hanging connectors may be connected directly or indirectly to the sides of the upper frame beams 6 and the same second side hanging connectors may be connected directly or indirectly to the sides of the lower frame beams 7.
Here, the first side hanging connection means that the side surface is used as a connection piece which is close to the side surface of the external upper frame beam 6 to integrally mount the upright 1 on the side part of the upper frame beam 6, so that the upright 1 can be fixed on the side parts of the upper frame beam 6 and the lower frame beam 7 in an externally hung manner. The form of the first side hanging connection member is not limited as long as it has sufficient strength and has a capability of being connected and fixed with the side portion of the upper frame beam 6. The first side hanging connecting piece adopted in the embodiment is an upper connecting bolt hole 107 formed in a vertical web at the top of the i-steel 101, an upper end plate 102 is horizontally fixed at the topmost end of the i-steel 101, and the upper end plate 102 can be directly welded and fixed at the top end of the i-steel 101 by adopting a steel plate. In actual engineering, high-strength bolts may be inserted into the upper connecting bolt holes 107 to fix the upper frame beam 6 at the side portions thereof.
Here, the second side hanging connection means that the side surface is used as a connection member that is close to the side surface of the outer lower frame beam 7 to mount the upright 1 on the side of the lower frame beam 7 as a whole, so that the upright 1 can be fixed to the side of the upper frame beam 6 and the lower frame beam 7 in a form of a plug-in. The second side hanging connecting piece is not limited in form, and can be matched with the first side hanging connecting piece, so that the limiting fixation and vertical load bearing of the bottom of the upright 1 can be realized. In this embodiment, the second side hanging connector includes a lower end plate 103 and a lower connecting plate 108, the lower end plate 103 is fixed to the bottom of the i-steel 101 by horizontal welding, and the lower connecting plate 108 is fixed to the bottom surface of the lower end plate 103 vertically. The lower end plate 103 can be directly welded and fixed at the bottom end of the i-steel 101 by adopting a steel plate. Similarly, similar to the fixing manner of the first side hanging connector, in actual engineering, the second side hanging connector is generally fixed with the lower frame beam 7 or the pre-embedded fixing piece on the lower frame beam 7 by using a high-strength bolt, so that the lower connecting plate 108 also needs to be provided with a lower connecting bolt hole in advance. The number and size of the lower connecting bolt holes are determined according to the number of required bolts, and 2 are provided in total in the present embodiment.
In addition, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate subsequent hoisting, a hoisting connector 104 is preferably fixedly connected to the web of the i-steel 101. The hoisting connecting piece 104 can be realized by selecting different structures according to hoisting forms, in this embodiment, the hoisting connecting piece 104 is realized by adopting an internal thread sleeve, one end of the internal thread sleeve is welded and fixed on the web plate of the i-steel 101, the other end is an open end, and the opening is positioned on the concrete surface of the upright 1. In the subsequent hoisting process, the external thread fixing piece for hoisting can be conveniently screwed into the opening of the internal thread sleeve, and then the hoisting is carried out. After the hoisting is finished, the external thread fixing piece can be unscrewed again, the concrete surface of the upright column 1 is plugged and plastered, and the internal thread sleeve is hidden. Of course, in other embodiments, the lifting connection 104 may be omitted if the integral lifting of the bay window does not require a lifting point.
The two uprights 1 act as a fixed carrier for the entire bay window, which needs to be kept parallel and spaced apart. The distance between the two upright posts 1 is determined according to the span of the whole bay window, and the two upright posts 1 are respectively positioned at two sides of the bay window body to play a role in bearing the vertical weight of the bay window body. Similar to the traditional floating window, the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3 of the invention are also arranged on the two upright posts 1 in an overhanging mode, the floating window top plate 2 is arranged above, the floating window bottom plate 3 is arranged below, the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3 are required to be arranged on the same side of the plane of the two upright posts 1, and the distance between the floating window top plate and the floating window bottom plate depends on design parameters of the floating window.
In this embodiment, the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3 each adopt a floating window plate with an L-shaped cross section, wherein the L-shaped cross section refers to a cross section from a fixed end to a cantilever end of the floating window plate. Wherein, the window roof 2 that wafts adopts the reinforced concrete structure that comprises stiff end and board that encorbelments, and its stiff end turns over for the board that encorbelments, and the cross-section of window roof 2 wafts is positive L type. The thickness of the fixed end is equal to that of the upright posts 1, the steel bars of the fixed end and the steel bars in the two upright posts 1 are fixed through binding and welding, and the floating window top plate 2 and the concrete of the upright posts 1 are integrally poured. Similarly, the floating window bottom plate 3 also adopts a reinforced concrete structure consisting of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, and the difference is that the fixed end is turned downwards relative to the cantilever plate so as to avoid occupying the space between the two floating window plates, and the cross section of the floating window bottom plate 3 is in an inverted L shape. The thickness of the fixed end is equal to that of the upright posts 1, the steel bars of the fixed end and the steel bars in the two upright posts 1 are fixed through binding and welding, and the bay window bottom plate 3 and the concrete of the upright posts 1 are poured integrally.
In the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window of the present invention, the clamping space between the bay window top plate 2 and the bay window bottom plate 3 serves as a bay window space in which three sides are overhanging outwards relative to the plane in which the two uprights 1 are located and the other side is the plane in which the two uprights 1 are located. In the conventional bay window, the three overhanging sides need to be subjected to field operation, which greatly increases the time required for installing the bay window and the field operation difficulty. Therefore, in the embodiment, the three overhanging sides of the floating window space are directly surrounded by the outer vertical surface of the floating window in a factory, and the remaining sides are open, so that a prefabricated outer convex floating window body is formed, redundant processing treatment on the outer vertical surface is not needed in the subsequent lifting process, and the working procedures and time required by installing the floating window are greatly simplified. For the floating window body, the fixed end of the floating window top plate 2, namely the other end far away from the overhanging end, is connected with the two upright posts 1 into a whole, and the fixed end of the floating window bottom plate 3 is also connected with the two upright posts 1 into a whole, so that the whole floating window body and the upright posts 1 on two sides form a stress system, and the weight of the floating window body is borne by the upright posts 1 on two sides.
In the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window of the present invention, the particular form of the bay window facade may be determined from the design drawing and may be wholly or partially the glazing 5. In particular, the three side facades may be identical or different, and the facades on each side may be all wall or part of wall part glass window or whole glass window. In a preferred embodiment, the three-sided facade is designed entirely as a glazing, taking into account the lighting requirements and the aesthetic requirements of the bay window. When the outer elevation is provided with the glass window, the window frame of the bay window which is completed by framing can be installed on the outer elevation according to the requirements in a factory, the window sashes can be installed on the window frame together before being hoisted, and the installation can be carried out after the whole bay window to be hoisted to the target position later. Under the condition that the hoisting safety requirement can be met, the window sashes are preferably installed in a factory, the window sashes are directly hoisted on site, and the construction procedures are reduced.
Meanwhile, in order to further reduce the working procedures and time required by site construction, the invention controls the heights of the upper edge and the lower edge of the whole bay window, so that the bay window top plate 2 can be jointed with the upper frame beam 6 after the whole bay window is integrally hoisted and installed, and the wall body at the lower part of the bay window bottom plate 3 can be jointed with the floor slab 8, thereby avoiding the condition that site pouring is required. Therefore, the fixing end edge of the floating window top plate 2 is lower than the first side hanging connecting pieces on two sides, and the first side hanging connecting pieces on two sides are all upper end plates in the embodiment. In addition, the space between the two uprights 1 above the fixed end of the bay window top plate 2 is filled with an upper wall plate 12. In this way, the height of the upper wallboard 12 can be adjusted during prefabrication, so that the upper edge of the upper wallboard 12 is positioned in the elevation range of the upper floor slab 8 above the upper frame beam 6 of the layer where the bay window is positioned after the bay window is installed, and additional wall pouring is not needed. In addition, the lower wall of the bay window bottom plate 3 also needs to control the elevation of the bottom, and the form of the bay window determines that the conventional bay window bottom plate 3 needs to keep a certain distance from the surface of the floor slab 8, so the fixed ends of the bay window bottom plate 3 are suspended relative to the bottom ends of the two upright posts 1, and the space between the two upright posts 1, which is positioned below the fixed ends of the bay window bottom plate 3, is filled with the wall. Because the weight of the concrete poured bay window bottom plate 3 is large, the space between the two upright posts 1 below the fixed end of the bay window bottom plate 3 is filled with the lower wall plate 4. Under this way, can be through the height of adjusting down wallboard 4 when prefabricating for make after the bay window installation the lower edge of the lower wallboard 4 that makes the bay window bottom plate 3 below after the bay window installation can be located the floor 8 elevation scope of bay window place layer directly, need not to carry out extra wall body and pour again.
It should be noted that the level of the two in the present invention is not necessarily required to be completely identical, and the level state allows for a certain error in consideration of the unavoidable error in construction.
In another embodiment, the inlaid side seams between the window frame and the bay window top plate 2, the bay window bottom plate 3 and the upright posts 1 can be realized by adopting adhesive tapes so as to improve the impermeability and the air tightness of the part of the nodes.
In another embodiment, both the upper wall panel 12 and the lower wall panel 4 may preferably be lightweight wall panels to reduce weight as much as possible while maintaining overall strength. The specific material of the light wall board can be any light material meeting the requirements of building regulations in the prior art, and the light wall board is not limited.
In another embodiment, the fire-proof layer, the heat-insulating layer and the internal decorative layer can be laid on the inner wall surface of the floating window body, which is close to the room, in advance before leaving the factory. The decoration layer, the inner heat preservation and the fireproof of the components of the bay window component are all manufactured in workshops, and only the integral hoisting, the steel structure connection and the connection position construction surface layer transition are needed on site, so that the site construction can be further reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. In addition, the outer decorative layer, the waterproof layer or other necessary structural layers of the bay window can also be prefabricated in a factory, and can be specifically adjusted according to actual design requirements. Of course, if the interior decoration of each bay window needs to be individually adjusted, the interior decoration layer can be not prefabricated, and the following owners can design and install the bay window by themselves, which is not limited.
In another embodiment, the bottom surfaces of the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3 are provided with water dripping lines, and the top surface of the floating window top plate 2 is provided with a water flowing slope with high inside and low outside so as to enhance the water draining capability.
When the integrally prefabricated externally hung floating window is manufactured, steel structure prefabricated members in columns of two floating window columns 1 can be fixed according to design requirements in factories, positions of a floating window top plate 2 and a floating window bottom plate 3 are reserved between the columns, structural ribs are arranged at reserved positions according to the design requirements, a formwork is supported, meanwhile, water dripping openings are reserved below the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3, a water flowing slope is prefabricated on the upper surface of the floating window top plate 2, a light wall plate is arranged at the top of one side of the floating window top plate 2, which is close to the floating window column 1, a light wall plate is arranged at the bottom of one side of the floating window bottom plate 3, which is close to the floating window column 1, and concrete is poured into an integral cavity, so that the floating window with the required structure is formed preliminarily. In addition, the integral prefabricated bay window module further comprises an inner heat insulation layer, a window frame and window sash glass combination and an inner decoration surface material, wherein the inner heat insulation layer, the window frame and window sash glass combination and the inner decoration surface material can be completed in a factory according to requirements, the integral prefabricated bay window module is hoisted through exposed hoisting connecting pieces 104 reserved on the two sides of the bay window upright posts 1, the upper part of the integral prefabricated bay window module is connected with embedded parts fixed on the field upper frame beam 6 through upper connecting bolt holes 107, and the lower part of the integral prefabricated bay window module is connected with embedded parts fixed on the lower frame beam 7 through lower connecting plates 108. The internally threaded sleeve as the lifting connection 104 may also serve as a temporary securing hole during the entire bay window connection installation process. And finally, after the construction is finished, the internal thread sleeve can be covered and filled, and the internal thread sleeve and the welding reinforcement joint are subjected to rust prevention treatment and construction surface layer transition, so that the construction of the whole bay window can be completed.
Referring to fig. 4-6, in another embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a connection node between the integrally prefabricated bay window shown in fig. 1 and 2 and a building structure. In this node, the cladding bay window is mounted between an upper frame beam 6 and a lower frame beam 7 of the same level of the building structure by means of two uprights 1. Generally, in the conventional fabricated steel structure building, the upper frame beam 6 and the lower frame beam 7 are i-beams, so that the tops of the two upright posts 1 are fixedly connected with the side surface of the first embedded connecting piece 10 connected and supported on the upper frame beam 6 through the first side hanging connecting piece, and the bottoms of the two upright posts are fixedly connected with the side surface of the second embedded connecting piece 9 connected and supported on the lower frame beam 7 through the second side hanging connecting piece respectively. The two upright posts 1 are hung externally relative to the outer wall surface, the floating window body is overhanging and protrudes out of the outer wall body of the building structure, and the weight of the floating window body is borne by the upper frame beam 6 and the lower frame beam 7. The upper edge of the upper wallboard 12 is positioned in the elevation range of the upper floor slab 8, and the lower edge of the lower wallboard 4 is positioned in the elevation range of the floor slab 8 where the bay window is positioned, so that no additional on-site pouring wall is needed.
The form of the first pre-buried connector 10 and the second pre-buried connector 9 is not limited, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first pre-buried connector 10 is composed of a first prefabricated member. Referring to fig. 7, the first prefabricated member includes a first side hanging plate 901, one side of the first side hanging plate 901 is provided with supporting feet 903, steel grabbing ribs 904 and an internally threaded sleeve 905 (i.e. an opening of the internally threaded sleeve 905 is located on the outer surface of the first side hanging plate 901) which is communicated with the surface of the first side hanging plate 901, the supporting feet 903 are perpendicular to the plate surface and are used for being supported on fixed frame beams, and the steel grabbing ribs 904 and the internally threaded sleeve 905 are located above the supporting feet 903 and are embedded in an upper floor slab 8. Bolt holes 902 are formed in the first side hanging plate 901 below the supporting feet 903, and the bolt holes 902 can be connected with the first side hanging connecting piece through bolts to achieve mounting. Because the first pre-buried connector 10 is ultimately required to be encased in concrete, a internally threaded sleeve 905 is provided to facilitate the smooth threading of bolts into the first side hanger plate 901 for subsequent installation. The internally threaded sleeve 905 may be welded directly to the side of the first side strap 901 and the internal threads thereof may be engaged with the high strength bolts used for installation.
The second pre-buried connecting piece 9 is formed by connecting a first prefabricated part and a second prefabricated part. The first prefabricated member structure is shown in fig. 7, and the second prefabricated member structure is shown in fig. 8, and comprises a second side hanging plate 906, a third side hanging plate 907 and a bottom plate 908, wherein the third side hanging plate 907 and the bottom plate 908 are vertically connected and fixed, and a fixing hole for being in butt joint with an internally threaded sleeve 905 on the first side hanging plate 901 is formed in the third side hanging plate 907. The second side hanging plate 906 is welded and fixed at the inner corners of the third side hanging plate 907 and the bottom plate 908, and the plate surface is provided with a connecting hole for bolting with the lower connecting plate 108. The second side hanging plate 906 maintains a vertical state together with the third side hanging plate 907 and the bottom plate 908. The first prefabricated member and the second prefabricated member are attached through the first side hanging plate 901 and the third side hanging plate 907, then bolts are screwed into fixing holes on the built-in threaded sleeve 905 and the third side hanging plate 907, and the final connection mode of the second embedded connecting piece 9 is shown in fig. 9.
Thus, the first pre-buried connecting piece 10 and the second pre-buried connecting piece 9 can be respectively formed through the combination of the first prefabricated piece and the second prefabricated piece, and the processing complexity of the prefabricated pieces is reduced. The first prefabricated part and the second prefabricated part can be processed by common steel materials, so that the processing cost is reduced. After the integral prefabricated externally hung floating window is connected and installed with the building structure, the two upright posts 1 are hung externally relative to the outer wall surface, the floating window body is overhanging and protruding on the outer wall body of the building structure, the upper edge of the upper wallboard 12 is positioned in the elevation range of the upper floor 8, the lower edge of the lower wallboard 4 is positioned in the elevation range of the floor 8 where the floating window is positioned, and the enlarged nodes at the two connecting positions are respectively shown in fig. 10 and 11. At the moment, no additional on-site pouring working procedure is needed, and only the necessary working procedures of sealing, waterproofing and the like at the joint positions are needed to be processed, so that the on-site construction progress can be greatly accelerated.
Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, if the upper frame beam 6 is not i-steel, but is another cast-in-place beam, the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window of the present invention may still be installed, as long as the installation position and the connecting piece of the beam body are reserved. The invention is thus applicable to different building forms.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the first embedded connector 10 and the second embedded connector 9 are fixed to the upper and lower frame beams by bearing force through the side portions of the floor slab 8 which is placed above the upper and lower frame beams, but in other embodiments, the first embedded connector and the second embedded connector can be directly fixed to the side portions of the upper and lower frame beams by corresponding fixing members to bear force, which is not limited.
In another embodiment of the invention, an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window is provided in a second type of form, which differs from the first type mainly in the manner in which the i-steel 101 in the uprights 1 on both sides of the bay window are fixedly connected to the bay window top plate 2 and the bay window bottom plate 3. Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the main structure of the device specifically includes a bay window top plate 2, a bay window bottom plate 3, and two columns 1. As shown in fig. 17, the column 1 is a concrete column with built-in steel members, and the concrete structure is similar to that of the column 1 shown in fig. 3, the steel members are i-steel 101, and the i-steel 101 is wrapped with reinforced concrete to form a section steel concrete column with a square section. The top end of the i-steel 101 is fixed with a first side hanging connector for connecting with the side surface of the external upper frame beam 6, namely an upper connecting bolt hole 107, and the bottom end of the steel member is fixed with a second side hanging connector for connecting with the side surface of the floor slab 8, namely a lower end plate 103 and a lower connecting plate 108. However, unlike the upright 1 in fig. 3, a reinforcing rib 109 is also fixed to the lower portion of the i-beam 101 by full welding, the reinforcing rib 109 is disposed on both sides of the web, and each side has two upper and lower plates, and the height of the spacing steel beams 11 between the two plates is the same. As shown in fig. 18, the steel beam 11 is fixed in cantilever fashion to the i-beam 101 at the position of the reinforcing rib 109. As shown in fig. 19, in this embodiment, the steel beam 11 is a channel steel, and a through hole for penetrating the fixing reinforcement is formed along the path (i.e., on the surface along the direction of the steel beam). Referring to fig. 15, the bay window bottom plate 3 in the present embodiment is a reinforced concrete structure supported on both sides by steel beams 11; the reinforced concrete structure is composed of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, and the section of the reinforced concrete structure is in a straight shape, that is, the fixed end does not need to be turned down and can be kept at the same thickness with the cantilever plate. The steel bars at the fixed end of the bay window bottom plate 3 are fixed with the steel bars in the two upright posts 1 through binding and welding, and the bay window bottom plate 3 and the concrete of the upright posts 1 are integrally poured. Because the turndown structure of the fixed end is reduced, one end of the steel beam 11 on each side of the bay window bottom plate 3 in the embodiment needs to be supported in an auxiliary manner by means of the steel beam 11 fixed in the upright post 1 on the same side by means of the cantilever, and the other end of the steel beam 11 extends into the lateral concrete of the cantilever plate to be fixed. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the structural strength of the connection position of the steel beam 11 and the upright 1, and prevent the possibility of deformation, the fixing position needs to be provided with the aforementioned reinforcing rib 109 for structural stress reinforcement. Of course, the reinforcing rib 109 is only one of the implementation forms, and the reinforcement can be realized by thickening the thickness of the plate of the upright 1.
In this embodiment, the remaining locations, such as side elevation, interior insulation, etc., may be the same as the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2. The form of the connection node of the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and the building structure is shown in fig. 14-16.
The first and second integrally prefabricated externally hung bay windows can be prefabricated in a factory and then transported to the site for direct hoisting. For further understanding, two forms of manufacturing methods are provided below.
The manufacturing method of the first type prefabricated externally hung floating window shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises the following steps:
s1: a horizontal upper end plate 102 is welded and fixed on the top of the I-steel 101, and an upper connecting bolt hole 107 is formed in a vertical web plate at the lower position of the upper end plate 102 on the top of the I-steel 101; a horizontal lower end plate 103 is welded and fixed at the bottom of the I-steel 101, a vertical lower connecting plate 108 is welded and fixed at the bottom surface of the lower end plate 103, and a plurality of lower connecting bolt holes are formed in the lower connecting plate 108; a hoisting connector 104 is welded and fixed to the web of the i-steel 101. In order to ensure the connection strength, the two I-steel 101 are processed at each joint by full welding, and are respectively used for forming the upright posts 1 on two sides.
S2: and (3) arranging reinforcing steel bars 105 on the periphery of the I-steel 101 in the S1, wherein the four long corners are respectively provided with screw-thread reinforcing steel bars in a penetrating manner, and binding and fixing the screw-thread reinforcing steel bars in the length direction according to the designed distance by using the return-type reinforcing steel bars to form a column inner steel structure, as shown in figure 20.
S3: the steel bars in the plates are arranged and bound and fixed for the floating window top plate 2 with the L-shaped section and the floating window bottom plate 3 with the inverted L-shaped section respectively to form a steel structure in the floating window top plate and a steel structure in the floating window bottom plate, as shown in fig. 21 and 22 respectively.
S4: and (3) sequentially placing the steel structures in the columns obtained in the two groups S2, the upper wallboard 12, the lower wallboard 4 and the steel structures in the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 of the floating window obtained in the step S3 into a concrete pouring mold, and binding, welding and fixing the steel structures in the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 of the floating window and the steel bars in the steel structures in the columns 1 of the two groups. And then checking and adjusting the interval between each steel structure and the die to a design value according to the design drawing. The specific size parameters of the die can be determined according to the design drawing of the bay window, and steel can be adopted as the material.
S5: pouring the mixed concrete into a mould, vibrating by using a vibrating rod, trimming and curing to form a combined prefabricated member integrating the upright post 1, the upper wallboard 12, the lower wallboard 4, the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3.
S6: after the concrete is initially set, auxiliary works such as dismantling the peripheral steel mould of the prefabricated member, a clamping device and the like are started, the combined prefabricated member is kept still, and after natural or scientific maintenance is completed, the prefabricated member is moved to an internal decoration workshop.
S7: in an interior decoration workshop, the inner surfaces of a bay window top plate 2 and a bay window bottom plate 3 in the cured combined prefabricated member are subjected to heat-insulating plate pasting and fixing. The specific form of the insulation board can be selected according to the needs.
S8: and glass windows are respectively arranged on three overhanging sides in a clamping space formed by the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3 to form a surrounding floating window outer vertical surface. When the glass window is installed, the bay window frame which is assembled is installed according to the requirement, the upper window frame and the lower window frame of the window board are tightly pressed at the 10mm position of the edge of the heat-insulating plate, and then the window sashes are fixed on the window frame according to the standard.
S9: and finishing the fixation of the internal decorative material of the prefabricated bay window according to the design drawing, finishing the manufacture of the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window, and marking and warehousing.
Similarly, the method of manufacturing the prefabricated floating plug of the second type shown in fig. 12 and 13 includes the steps of:
s1: a horizontal upper end plate 102 is welded and fixed on the top of the I-steel, and an upper connecting bolt hole 107 is formed in a vertical web plate at the lower position of the upper end plate on the top of the I-steel 101; a horizontal lower end plate is welded and fixed at the bottom of the I-steel, a vertical lower connecting plate 108 is welded and fixed at the bottom surface of the lower end plate, and a plurality of lower connecting bolt holes are formed in the lower connecting plate 108; welding and fixing reinforcing ribs 109 on two sides of the web plate at the position of installing the bay window bottom plate 3 on the I-steel; a hoisting connector 104 is welded to the web of the i-steel.
S2: the steel beam 11 is cantilever welded at the reinforcing rib 109 of the i-beam in S1, and the steel beam 11 is kept perpendicular to the i-beam 101 as shown in fig. 19.
S3: and 4, respectively arranging deformed steel bars at four peripheral long corners of the I-steel in the S2 in a through way, and binding and fixing the deformed steel bars in the length direction according to the designed distance to form a steel structure in the upright post, as shown in figure 20.
S4: the steel bars in the plates are arranged and bound and fixed respectively aiming at the floating window top plate 2 with the L-shaped section and the floating window bottom plate 3 with the linear section, so that the steel structure in the floating window top plate 2 and the steel structure in the floating window bottom plate 3 are formed, as shown in fig. 21 and 22.
S5: and (3) sequentially placing the steel structures in the upright posts obtained in the two groups S3, the upper wallboard 12, the lower wallboard 4 and the steel structures in the top plate and the bottom plate of the floating window obtained in the S4 into a concrete pouring mold, binding and welding the steel structures in the top plate and the bottom plate of the floating window with steel bars in the steel structures in the two groups of upright posts, and enabling the steel bars in the bottom plate 3 of the floating window to pass through steel bar holes in the steel beam of the channel steel and extend to the edges of the bottom plate 3 of the floating window. And then checking and adjusting the interval between each steel structure and the die to a design value according to the design drawing. The specific size parameters of the die can be determined according to the design drawing of the bay window, and steel can be adopted as the material.
S6: pouring the mixed concrete into a mould, vibrating by using a vibrating rod, trimming and curing to form a combined prefabricated member integrating the upright post 1, the upper wallboard 12, the lower wallboard 4, the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3.
S7: after the concrete is initially set, auxiliary works such as dismantling the peripheral steel mould of the prefabricated member, a clamping device and the like are started, the internal combined prefabricated member is kept still, and after natural or scientific maintenance is finished, the prefabricated member is moved to an internal decoration workshop.
S8: in an interior decoration workshop, the inner surfaces of a bay window top plate 2 and a bay window bottom plate 3 in the cured combined prefabricated member are subjected to heat-insulating plate pasting and fixing. The specific form of the insulation board can be selected according to the needs.
S9: and glass windows are respectively arranged on three overhanging sides in a clamping space formed by the floating window top plate 2 and the floating window bottom plate 3 to form a surrounding floating window outer vertical surface. When the glass window is installed, the bay window frame which is assembled is installed according to the requirement, the upper window frame and the lower window frame of the window board are tightly pressed at the 10mm position of the edge of the heat-insulating plate, and then the window sashes are fixed on the window frame according to the standard.
S10: and finishing the fixation of the internal decorative material of the prefabricated bay window according to the design drawing, finishing the manufacture of the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window, and marking and warehousing.
Therefore, compared with the prefabricated bay window in the first type, the prefabricated bay window in the second type has the advantages of reduced overall weight, simpler prefabrication process, capability of meeting corresponding standard requirements in overall stress, and ideal effect.
In addition, in the above embodiment, only the bottom plate 3 of the floating window adopts a straight-line structure, but in other embodiments, the top plate 2 of the floating window can also adopt a straight-line structure instead, and a corresponding reinforcing structure is required to be arranged on the upright post 1.
The above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. A connecting node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure is characterized in that,
the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window comprises a bay window top plate (2), a bay window bottom plate (3) and two upright posts (1); the upright post (1) is a concrete column with built-in steel members, the steel members in the column are arranged along the center of the column in a through length mode, a first side hanging connecting piece used for being connected with an external upper frame beam (6) is fixed at the top end of each steel member, and a second side hanging connecting piece used for being connected with a lower frame beam (7) is fixed at the bottom end of each steel member; the two upright posts (1) are parallel and are arranged at intervals; the floating window top plate (2) and the floating window bottom plate (3) are arranged on the same side of the plane where the two upright posts (1) are arranged in an overhanging mode, three overhanging sides in the clamping space of the two upright posts are surrounded by the outer vertical surface of the floating window, and the remaining sides are open to form an outwards-protruding floating window body; the fixed ends of the floating window top plate (2) and the floating window bottom plate (3) are connected with the two upright posts (1) into a whole, and the floating window body is borne by the upright posts (1) at two sides; the fixing end edge of the floating window top plate (2) is lower than the first side hanging connecting pieces on two sides, and a space between the two upright posts (1) and above the fixing end of the floating window top plate (2) is filled with an upper wallboard (12); the fixed end of the floating window bottom plate (3) is suspended relative to the bottom ends of the two upright posts (1), and a space between the two upright posts (1) and below the fixed end of the floating window bottom plate (3) is filled with a lower wallboard (4);
In the upright post (1), a steel member adopts I-steel (101), and reinforced concrete is wrapped outside the I-steel (101) to form a steel reinforced concrete column with a rectangular section;
the floating window top plate (2) adopts a reinforced concrete structure consisting of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, the fixed end of the reinforced concrete structure is turned upwards relative to the cantilever plate, and the cross section of the floating window top plate (2) is L-shaped; the steel bars at the fixed ends are fixed with the steel bars in the two upright posts (1) through binding and welding, and the floating window top plate (2) and the concrete of the upright posts (1) are integrally poured;
the floating window bottom plate (3) adopts a reinforced concrete structure consisting of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, the fixed end of the reinforced concrete structure is turned downwards relative to the cantilever plate, and the section of the floating window bottom plate (3) is inverted L-shaped; the steel bars at the fixed ends are fixed with the steel bars in the two upright posts (1) through binding and welding, and the bay window bottom plate (3) and the concrete of the upright posts (1) are integrally poured;
the first side hanging connecting piece is an upper connecting bolt hole (107) formed in a vertical web plate at the top of the I-steel (101);
the second side hanging connecting piece comprises a lower end plate (103) and a lower connecting plate (108), wherein the lower end plate (103) is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the I-steel (101), the lower connecting plate (108) is vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the lower end plate, and a lower connecting bolt hole is formed in the lower connecting plate (108);
The externally hung bay window is arranged on an upper frame beam (6) and a lower frame beam (7) of the same layer of the building structure through two upright posts (1); the tops of the two upright posts (1) are fixedly connected with the side surfaces of first embedded connectors (10) connected and supported on the upper frame beam (6) through first side hanging connectors, and the bottoms of the two upright posts are fixedly connected with the side surfaces of second embedded connectors (9) connected and supported on the lower frame beam (7) through second side hanging connectors respectively; the two upright posts (1) are hung externally relative to the outer wall surface, the floating window body is overhanging and protrudes out of the outer wall body of the building structure, the upper edge of the upper wallboard (12) is positioned in the elevation range of the upper floor slab (8), and the lower edge of the lower wallboard (4) is positioned in the elevation range of the floor slab (8) where the floating window is positioned;
the first embedded connecting piece (10) consists of a first prefabricated member; the first prefabricated member comprises a first side hanging plate (901), wherein one side of the first side hanging plate (901) is provided with supporting feet (903), steel grabbing ribs (904) and built-in threaded sleeves (905) communicated with the surface of the first side hanging plate (901), the supporting feet (903) are arranged on a frame beam in a vertical plate surface mode, and the steel grabbing ribs (904) and the built-in threaded sleeves (905) are located above the supporting feet (903) and are embedded in an upper floor plate (8); a bolt hole (902) for being connected with a first side hanging connecting piece bolt is formed in the first side hanging plate (901) below the supporting leg (903);
The second embedded connecting piece (9) is formed by connecting the first prefabricated piece and the second prefabricated piece, the second prefabricated piece comprises a second side hanging plate (906), a third side hanging plate (907) and a bottom plate (908), the third side hanging plate (907) and the bottom plate (908) are vertically connected and fixed, and a fixing hole for being in butt joint with a built-in threaded sleeve (905) on the first side hanging plate (901) is formed in the third side hanging plate (907); the second side hanging plate (906) is fixed at the internal corners of the third side hanging plate (907) and the bottom plate (908), and the plate surface is provided with a connecting hole for being connected with the lower connecting plate (108) in a bolt mode.
2. A connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a hoisting connection (104) is fixedly connected to the web of the i-beam (101).
3. The connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the hoisting connection (104) is an internally threaded sleeve with an opening at the surface of the upright (1).
4. A connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper frame beams (6) and/or the lower frame beams (7) are i-beams.
5. The connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure of claim 1, wherein a fire-resistant layer, a heat-insulating layer and an internal decorative layer are laid on the inner wall surface of the bay window body.
6. A connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said upper wall panel (12) and/or lower wall panel (4) are light weight wall panels.
7. A connecting node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure is characterized in that,
the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window comprises a bay window top plate (2), a bay window bottom plate (3) and two upright posts (1); the upright post (1) is a concrete column with built-in steel members, the steel members in the column are arranged along the center of the column in a through length mode, a first side hanging connecting piece used for being connected with an external upper frame beam (6) is fixed at the top end of each steel member, and a second side hanging connecting piece used for being connected with a lower frame beam (7) is fixed at the bottom end of each steel member; the two upright posts (1) are parallel and are arranged at intervals; the floating window top plate (2) and the floating window bottom plate (3) are arranged on the same side of the plane where the two upright posts (1) are arranged in an overhanging mode, three overhanging sides in the clamping space of the two upright posts are surrounded by the outer vertical surface of the floating window, and the remaining sides are open to form an outwards-protruding floating window body; the fixed ends of the floating window top plate (2) and the floating window bottom plate (3) are connected with the two upright posts (1) into a whole, and the floating window body is borne by the upright posts (1) at two sides; the fixing end edge of the floating window top plate (2) is lower than the first side hanging connecting pieces on two sides, and a space between the two upright posts (1) and above the fixing end of the floating window top plate (2) is filled with an upper wallboard (12); the fixed end of the floating window bottom plate (3) is suspended relative to the bottom ends of the two upright posts (1), and a space between the two upright posts (1) and below the fixed end of the floating window bottom plate (3) is filled with a lower wallboard (4);
In the upright post (1), a steel member adopts I-steel (101), and reinforced concrete is wrapped outside the I-steel (101) to form a steel reinforced concrete column with a rectangular section;
the floating window top plate (2) and/or the floating window bottom plate (3) are/is of reinforced concrete structures with two sides supported by steel beams (11); the reinforced concrete structure consists of a fixed end and a cantilever plate, and the section of the reinforced concrete structure is in a straight shape; the steel bars at the fixed end of the bay window bottom plate (3) are fixed with the steel bars in the two upright posts (1) through binding and welding, and the bay window bottom plate (3) and the concrete of the upright posts (1) are poured integrally; one end of a steel beam (11) at each side of the bay window bottom plate (3) is fixed on a steel member in the upright post (1) at the same side in a cantilever manner, a reinforcing structure is arranged at the fixed position, and the other end of the steel beam extends into the cantilever plate to be fixed;
the first side hanging connecting piece is an upper connecting bolt hole (107) formed in a vertical web plate at the top of the I-steel (101);
the second side hanging connecting piece comprises a lower end plate (103) and a lower connecting plate (108), wherein the lower end plate (103) is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the I-steel (101), the lower connecting plate (108) is vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the lower end plate, and a lower connecting bolt hole is formed in the lower connecting plate (108);
the externally hung bay window is arranged on an upper frame beam (6) and a lower frame beam (7) of the same layer of the building structure through two upright posts (1); the tops of the two upright posts (1) are fixedly connected with the side surfaces of first embedded connectors (10) connected and supported on the upper frame beam (6) through first side hanging connectors, and the bottoms of the two upright posts are fixedly connected with the side surfaces of second embedded connectors (9) connected and supported on the lower frame beam (7) through second side hanging connectors respectively; the two upright posts (1) are hung externally relative to the outer wall surface, the floating window body is overhanging and protrudes out of the outer wall body of the building structure, the upper edge of the upper wallboard (12) is positioned in the elevation range of the upper floor slab (8), and the lower edge of the lower wallboard (4) is positioned in the elevation range of the floor slab (8) where the floating window is positioned;
The first embedded connecting piece (10) consists of a first prefabricated member; the first prefabricated member comprises a first side hanging plate (901), wherein one side of the first side hanging plate (901) is provided with supporting feet (903), steel grabbing ribs (904) and built-in threaded sleeves (905) communicated with the surface of the first side hanging plate (901), the supporting feet (903) are arranged on a frame beam in a vertical plate surface mode, and the steel grabbing ribs (904) and the built-in threaded sleeves (905) are located above the supporting feet (903) and are embedded in an upper floor plate (8); a bolt hole (902) for being connected with a first side hanging connecting piece bolt is formed in the first side hanging plate (901) below the supporting leg (903);
the second embedded connecting piece (9) is formed by connecting the first prefabricated piece and the second prefabricated piece, the second prefabricated piece comprises a second side hanging plate (906), a third side hanging plate (907) and a bottom plate (908), the third side hanging plate (907) and the bottom plate (908) are vertically connected and fixed, and a fixing hole for being in butt joint with a built-in threaded sleeve (905) on the first side hanging plate (901) is formed in the third side hanging plate (907); the second side hanging plate (906) is fixed at the internal corners of the third side hanging plate (907) and the bottom plate (908), and the plate surface is provided with a connecting hole for being connected with the lower connecting plate (108) in a bolt mode.
8. The connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 7, wherein a hoisting connection piece (104) is fixedly connected to a web plate of the i-beam (101).
9. The connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 8, characterized in that the hoisting connection (104) is an internally threaded sleeve with an opening at the surface of the upright (1).
10. A connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the upper frame beams (6) and/or the lower frame beams (7) are i-beams.
11. A connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that said steel beam (11) is a channel steel.
12. The connection node of an integrally prefabricated cladding element with a building structure according to claim 7, wherein the reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib (109) provided on i-steel (101).
13. The connection node of the integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and the building structure of claim 7, wherein a fireproof layer, a heat preservation layer and an inner decoration layer are paved on the inner wall surface of the bay window body.
14. A connection node of an integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window and a building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that said upper wall panel (12) and/or lower wall panel (4) are lightweight wall panels.
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| CN202010954050.9A CN111927248B (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Integrally prefabricated externally hung bay window, connecting node and manufacturing method |
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| CN113090161A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-09 | 北京珠穆朗玛绿色建筑科技有限公司 | Prefabricated component of assembled integral bay window and construction method |
| CN114412002A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 浙江精工绿筑住宅科技有限公司 | Prefabricated wallboard installation node of window that wafts is enclosed entirely to convex |
| CN114607065A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-10 | 江苏卓维矿业科技有限公司 | Modular prefabricated double-faced fixedly-connected horizontal through window position combined wall |
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