CN111740127A - Electrochemical modification method of graphite felt electrode material of vanadium battery - Google Patents
Electrochemical modification method of graphite felt electrode material of vanadium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111740127A CN111740127A CN202010629737.5A CN202010629737A CN111740127A CN 111740127 A CN111740127 A CN 111740127A CN 202010629737 A CN202010629737 A CN 202010629737A CN 111740127 A CN111740127 A CN 111740127A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrochemical modification method of a vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material, belonging to the field of green energy materials. After the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material is modified, the water absorption rate is improved by 320-450%, the specific capacitance is improved by 10-25%, the energy efficiency is improved by 3.5-13%, and after 100 charge-discharge cycles, the energy efficiency of the battery is kept at the initial 72-88%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrochemical modification method of a graphite felt electrode material of a vanadium battery, belonging to the field of green energy materials.
Background
With the development of the era and the progress of the human society, the shortage of energy and the increase of environmental pollution have gradually become important obstacles limiting the development of economic society of various countries, and thus the development and storage of sustainable energy are urgently needed.
Under the background, the all-vanadium redox flow battery has the characteristics of long service life, high conversion efficiency, support of frequent charging and discharging, low maintenance cost, low operation cost, quick system response, environmental protection, no pollution, no noise and the like.
The polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt electrode has the advantages of large specific surface area, stability, good electrochemical performance and conductive property, and is suitable for being used as an electrode of a vanadium flow battery. However, the graphite felt has poor wettability, few active sites and low catalytic activity in the electrolyte of the vanadium battery, so how to modify the graphite felt becomes one of the key technologies for preparing the vanadium battery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned above, the invention provides an electrochemical modification method of a graphite felt electrode material of a vanadium battery, which is characterized in that a polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt is used as a basic electrode material of the vanadium battery, and the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt is subjected to electrochemical oxidation modification in a mixed solution medium of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and ammonium nitrate to obtain the vanadium battery electrode material with strong hydrophilicity, high electrochemical activity, high specific capacitance, small polarization and high charge-discharge efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
ultrasonically cleaning a polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with deionized water, drying in a drying oven, then taking the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt as an anode and a platinum net as a cathode, taking a mixed solution of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and ammonium nitrate as an electrolyte, electrochemically oxidizing the graphite felt for a period of time by adopting a constant-current voltage-stabilizing power supply, and cleaning and drying to obtain the sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus-doped graphite felt modified electrode material of the vanadium battery with high electrochemical activity and low loss.
The electrochemical modification method of the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a mixed acid A of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to ensure that the concentrations of the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid in the mixed acid A are respectively 0.2mol/L and 0.6mol/L, and standing for half an hour to uniformly mix the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid;
(2) adding a proper amount of ammonium nitrate into the mixed acid A to enable the concentration of the ammonium nitrate to be 0.05-0.15 mol/L, and obtaining electrolyte B;
(3) cutting the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt into the size of 5cm multiplied by 10cm, washing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with deionized water once, and then soaking the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt in the deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning for 15 to 30 minutes;
(4) taking out the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt, and drying in a drying oven at 45 ℃;
(5) setting the voltage range of a constant-current stabilized power supply to be 1.5-30V and the current range to be 0.1-2A, and filling a polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt and a platinum net into an electrolytic cell to be respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply;
(6) pouring electrolyte B into the electrolytic cell, and carrying out electrochemical oxidation on the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt for 5-30 minutes;
(7) and taking out the modified graphite felt, soaking the graphite felt in deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for 5-10 minutes, and drying in a 45 ℃ oven to obtain the sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus doped graphite felt modified electrode for the vanadium battery.
The preferable scheme of the electrochemical modification method of the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material is that under the electrochemical action, sulfate ions, phosphate ions and nitrate ions move to an anode and are adsorbed on the graphite felt, so that the modified graphite felt is doped with sulfur elements, nitrogen elements and phosphorus elements.
The preferable scheme of the electrochemical modification method of the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material is that the water absorption of the modified graphite felt is improved by 320-450% compared with that before modification.
The preferable scheme of the electrochemical modification method of the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material is that the specific capacitance of the modified graphite felt used as the vanadium battery electrode is improved by 10-25% compared with the unmodified graphite felt electrode.
The preferable scheme of the electrochemical modification method of the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material is that the energy efficiency of the modified graphite felt used as the vanadium battery electrode is improved by 3.5-13% compared with the unmodified graphite felt electrode.
The preferable scheme of the electrochemical modification method of the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material is that after the modified graphite felt is used as a vanadium battery electrode, the battery energy efficiency can still be maintained at 72-88% of the initial energy efficiency after 100 charge-discharge cycles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt is activated after electrochemical oxidation modification is carried out on the graphite felt, and the doped sulfur element, nitrogen element and phosphorus element have good adsorbability on an electrode and long adsorption time.
(2) The polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt is used as an electrode material of the vanadium cell after being subjected to electrochemical oxidation modification, so that the charging potential platform of the vanadium cell can be reduced, the discharging potential platform of the vanadium cell is increased, the polarization phenomenon in the charging and discharging processes is reduced, the capacity and the energy storage efficiency of the vanadium cell are improved, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the present invention, the following description will be made in further detail with reference to specific examples of the electrochemical modification method of graphite felt electrode material for batteries, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific conditions of these examples.
Example 1:
the electrochemical modification method for the graphite felt electrode material of the vanadium battery comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a mixed acid A of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to ensure that the concentrations of the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid in the mixed acid A are respectively 0.2mol/L and 0.6mol/L, and standing for half an hour to uniformly mix the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid;
(2) adding a proper amount of ammonium nitrate into the mixed acid A to ensure that the concentration of the ammonium nitrate is 0.1mol/L to obtain electrolyte B;
(3) cutting the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt into the size of 5cm multiplied by 10cm, washing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with deionized water once, and then soaking the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt in the deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning for 15 minutes;
(4) taking out the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt, and drying in a drying oven at 45 ℃;
(5) setting the voltage range of a constant-current stabilized voltage supply to be 1.5-30V and the current to be 0.1A, and filling a polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt and a platinum net into an electrolytic cell to be respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply;
(6) pouring electrolyte B into the electrolytic cell, and carrying out electrochemical oxidation on the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt for 25 minutes;
(7) and (3) taking out the modified graphite felt, soaking the graphite felt in deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for 5 minutes, and drying in a 45 ℃ oven to obtain the sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus doped graphite felt modified electrode material for the vanadium battery, wherein compared with the unmodified graphite felt electrode material, the water absorption is improved by 387%, after the graphite felt modified electrode material is used as a vanadium battery electrode, the specific capacitance is improved by 12%, the energy efficiency is improved by 5.4%, and after 100 charge-discharge cycles, the energy efficiency of the battery is kept at the initial 77%.
Example 2:
the electrochemical modification method for the graphite felt electrode material of the vanadium battery comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a mixed acid A of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to ensure that the concentrations of the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid in the mixed acid A are respectively 0.2mol/L and 0.6mol/L, and standing for half an hour to uniformly mix the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid;
(2) adding a proper amount of ammonium nitrate into the mixed acid A to ensure that the concentration of the ammonium nitrate is 0.08mol/L to obtain electrolyte B;
(3) cutting the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt into the size of 5cm multiplied by 10cm, washing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with deionized water once, and then soaking the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt in the deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning for 30 minutes;
(4) taking out the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt, and drying in a drying oven at 45 ℃;
(5) setting the voltage range of a constant-current stabilized voltage supply to be 1.5-30V and the current to be 1A, and filling a polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt and a platinum net into an electrolytic cell to be respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply;
(6) pouring electrolyte B into the electrolytic cell, and carrying out electrochemical oxidation on the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt for 15 minutes;
(7) and (3) taking out the modified graphite felt, soaking the graphite felt in deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for 10 minutes, and drying in a drying oven at 45 ℃ to obtain the sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus doped graphite felt modified electrode for the vanadium battery, wherein compared with the unmodified graphite felt electrode, the water absorption is improved by 428%, after the graphite felt modified electrode is used as the vanadium battery electrode, the specific capacitance is improved by 24%, the energy efficiency is improved by 10.5%, and after 100 charge-discharge cycles, the energy efficiency of the battery is maintained at the initial 81%.
Example 3:
the electrochemical modification method for the graphite felt electrode material of the vanadium battery comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a mixed acid A of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to ensure that the concentrations of the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid in the mixed acid A are respectively 0.2mol/L and 0.6mol/L, and standing for half an hour to uniformly mix the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid;
(2) adding a proper amount of ammonium nitrate into the mixed acid A to ensure that the concentration of the ammonium nitrate is 0.15mol/L to obtain electrolyte B;
(3) cutting the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt into the size of 5cm multiplied by 10cm, washing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with deionized water once, and then soaking the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt in the deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes;
(4) taking out the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt, and drying in a drying oven at 45 ℃;
(5) setting the voltage range of a constant-current stabilized voltage supply to be 1.5-30V and the current to be 2A, and filling a polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt and a platinum net into an electrolytic cell to be respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply;
(6) pouring electrolyte B into the electrolytic cell, and carrying out electrochemical oxidation on the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt for 25 minutes;
(7) and (3) taking out the modified graphite felt, soaking the graphite felt in deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for 10 minutes, and drying in a drying oven at 45 ℃ to obtain the sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus-doped graphite felt modified electrode for the vanadium battery, wherein compared with the unmodified graphite felt electrode, the water absorption is improved by 447%, after the graphite felt modified electrode is used as the vanadium battery electrode, the specific capacitance is improved by 25%, the energy efficiency is improved by 12.6%, and after 100 charge-discharge cycles, the energy efficiency of the battery is kept at 88% of the initial value.
Claims (7)
1. The electrochemical modification method of the graphite felt electrode material of the vanadium battery is characterized in that polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt is used as the electrode material of the vanadium battery, and the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt is subjected to electrochemical oxidation modification in a medium of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and ammonium nitrate to obtain the sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus-doped graphite felt modified electrode material which is strong in hydrophilicity, high in specific capacitance, small in polarization, high in energy efficiency and low in loss.
2. The electrochemical modification method of the vanadium battery graphite felt electrode material as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a mixed acid A of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to ensure that the concentrations of the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid in the mixed acid A are respectively 0.2mol/L and 0.6mol/L, and standing for half an hour to uniformly mix the sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid;
(2) adding a proper amount of ammonium nitrate into the mixed acid A to enable the concentration of the ammonium nitrate to be 0.05-0.15 mol/L, and obtaining electrolyte B;
(3) cutting the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt into the size of 5cm multiplied by 10cm, washing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with deionized water once, and then soaking the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt in the deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning for 15 to 30 minutes;
(4) taking out the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt, and drying in a drying oven at 45 ℃;
(5) setting the voltage range of a constant-current stabilized power supply to be 1.5-30V and the current range to be 0.1-2A, and filling a polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt and a platinum net into an electrolytic cell to be respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply;
(6) pouring electrolyte B into the electrolytic cell, and carrying out electrochemical oxidation on the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt for 5-30 minutes;
(7) and taking out the modified graphite felt, soaking the graphite felt in deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for 5-10 minutes, and drying in a 45 ℃ oven to obtain the sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus doped graphite felt modified electrode for the vanadium battery.
3. The electrochemical modification method of the graphite felt electrode material for the vanadium battery as claimed in claim 1-2, wherein the modified graphite felt is doped with sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus.
4. The electrochemical modification method of the graphite felt electrode material for the vanadium battery as claimed in claims 1 to 2, wherein the water absorption of the modified graphite felt is improved by 320 to 450% compared with that before modification.
5. The electrochemical modification method of the graphite felt electrode material for the vanadium battery as claimed in claims 1 to 2, wherein the specific capacitance of the modified graphite felt used as the vanadium battery electrode is 10 to 25% higher than that of the graphite felt electrode without modification.
6. The electrochemical modification method of the graphite felt electrode material for the vanadium battery as claimed in claims 1 to 2, wherein the energy efficiency of the modified graphite felt used as the vanadium battery electrode is improved by 3.5 to 13% compared with the unmodified graphite felt electrode.
7. The electrochemical modification method of the graphite felt electrode material of the vanadium battery as claimed in claims 1-2, characterized in that after the modified graphite felt is used as the vanadium battery electrode, the battery energy efficiency can still be maintained at 72-88% of the initial energy efficiency after 100 charge-discharge cycles.
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CN114824314A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 四川星明能源环保科技有限公司 | Electrochemical modification method of vanadium battery electrode based on silane hydrolysate |
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