CN111692611B - Automatic control system and method for boiler air supply of power plant - Google Patents
Automatic control system and method for boiler air supply of power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111692611B CN111692611B CN202010710806.5A CN202010710806A CN111692611B CN 111692611 B CN111692611 B CN 111692611B CN 202010710806 A CN202010710806 A CN 202010710806A CN 111692611 B CN111692611 B CN 111692611B
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- oxygen
- air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/005—Regulating air supply or draught using electrical or electromechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/10—Generating vapour
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic control system for the air supply of a boiler of a power plant, which comprises an oxygen measurement module, an oxygen correction module, an automatic bias module of an air feeder and a manual bias module; the oxygen amount correction module, the blower automatic biasing module and the manual biasing module are connected to obtain an opening instruction of the blower in an automatic state. After the automatic air supply control system is put into operation, the adaptation degree of the air quantity and the fuel quantity is improved, the combustion sufficiency is greatly increased, and the combustion economy of the unit is improved. After the automatic air supply control system is put into operation, the system is more stable, so that the problems of hearth pressure fluctuation and insufficient combustion during combustion are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a boiler air supply control system, in particular to an automatic control system and method for boiler air supply of a power plant, and belongs to the field of automatic control.
Background
The air supply control system is an important control system of the thermal power plant, and has the main tasks of adjusting the air supply quantity, ensuring that the air supply of a hearth is matched with the fuel supply, maintaining the oxygen content of the flue gas near a target value, and ensuring that the air supply quantity is too high, so that the oxygen content of the flue gas is too high, the smoke exhaust loss of a boiler is too high, the energy conservation and the emission reduction are not facilitated, the air supply quantity is too low, the complete combustion of the fuel in the hearth is not facilitated, and the combustion stability is even influenced. The automatic control of the air supply of the existing boiler mainly adopts an oxygen amount correction and load-air volume control mode, and the secondary air sleeve adopts layer operation and single operation open-loop control; the pressure of the baffle plate is regulated by the total secondary air and the classified air in a closed loop mode, and the basic design is relatively complete. However, the adoption of fixed PID parameters generally causes poor adaptability of load and coal types, large deviation between various preset experience curves and current situations, and incapability of stably inputting the parameters automatically for a long time due to no fine adjustment of working conditions and matching parameters. Meanwhile, the first and second air inlet measuring points of the hearth are not arranged redundantly, and the reliability is not high.
In the automatic quality adjustment test process, the common air supply automatic control strategy can meet the requirement of automatic adjustment, but in the actual operation process, the common air supply automatic control strategy is influenced by various factors of a unit, such as coal quality change, blockage of an air volume measuring device, large oxygen measurement deviation and the like, the manual intervention means of an operator is to adjust a manual bias station to increase or decrease an air volume set value, but the change amount of the air volume set value and the opening degree of a fan movable blade by the operator have no direct and clear corresponding relation, so that the fan movable blade is always in an adjustment state, and the combustion stability of the unit is adversely affected. Meanwhile, the stability and accuracy of the measurement of the air quantity measuring point of the unit are very large in interference on automatic adjustment of air supply, and the automatic adjustment is unstable. The requirements on the air supply quantity in the actual running of the unit are relatively stable, and continuous adjustment is not needed, so that operators have contradiction to the automatic investment of the air supply before optimization, and the automatic investment of the air supply is not realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the stability of main parameters in the load-changing process, reduce and reduce the operation of operators, realize the real investment of air quantity protection and the long-term investment of an oxygen quantity correction loop, so as to improve the economy of the combustion process, the invention provides an automatic control method for the air supply of a power plant boiler.
The invention relates to an automatic control system for boiler air supply of a power plant, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the device comprises an oxygen measurement module, an oxygen correction module, an automatic forced draught blower bias module and a manual bias module; the oxygen amount correction module, the blower automatic biasing module and the manual biasing module are connected to obtain an opening instruction of the blower in an automatic state.
The oxygen measurement module comprises three oxygen analyzers respectively arranged at inlets of the air pre-heaters at two sides of the hearth, and measured values of the oxygen analyzers are averaged to be used as actual measurement oxygen of the boiler oxygen.
The oxygen quantity correction module uses a fuzzy control strategy, uses a function of the optimal oxygen quantity of the boiler corresponding to the unit load as an oxygen quantity set value, subtracts the oxygen quantity set value from the actual oxygen quantity of the boiler to obtain a difference value, and establishes a set of step models of 5 variables by using a first-order function; then, using the change rate of the actual oxygen amount of the boiler, and using a first-order function to establish a step model of 1 set of 5 variables; and establishing a two-dimensional model by adopting two first-order variables to search a set value, filling oxygen quantity change relation parameters into a two-dimensional table, and obtaining an output value of the fan movable blade opening change quantity by utilizing a PID adder principle as a relation between the real-time oxygen quantity change and the fan movable blade opening change quantity.
The automatic bias module of the air blower obtains the corresponding relation between the unit load instruction and the opening degree of the movable blade of the air blower through open loop discrete control, and obtains the initial value of the total air volume set value.
The automatic bias module of the air blower adjusts the opening degree of the movable vanes of the air blower under different working conditions, and cuts off the automatic adjustment of the load instruction of the unit and the opening degree of the movable vanes of the air blower when the pressure fluctuation of the hearth is overlarge.
The manual bias module is used for obtaining a total air volume set value by operating a manual bias station to set air volume and adding a total air volume set initial value.
The invention relates to a method for automatically controlling the air supply of a boiler of a power plant, which is applied to an automatic control system for the air supply of the boiler of the power plant, and adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that S1, three oxygen analyzers are respectively arranged at inlets of air pre-heaters at two sides of a hearth by an oxygen measuring module, and an average value of the oxygen measuring at two sides is used as an actual measurement oxygen of the boiler oxygen;
s2, an oxygen quantity correction module corrects the actually measured oxygen quantity through a fuzzy control strategy, and an output value of the opening variation of the movable blade of the blower is obtained by utilizing an adder principle;
s3: the unit load instruction obtains a corresponding relation with the opening degree of the movable blade of the blower through open loop discrete control, and then obtains the initial value of the total air quantity set value;
s4, adding an initial value of a total air volume set value and an air volume set by a manual operation offset station as a total air volume set value;
s5: adding the total air quantity set value and the output value of the opening change quantity of the blower movable blade to obtain an opening instruction of the blower movable blade in an automatic state;
s6: the tracking amount setting is switched manually and automatically, and the opening offset setting of the movable blade of the single-side blower is reserved so as to adjust the air supply quantity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. after the automatic air supply control system is put into operation, the adaptation degree of the air quantity and the fuel quantity is improved, the combustion sufficiency is greatly increased, and the combustion economy of the unit is improved.
2. After the automatic air supply control system is put into operation, the system is more stable, so that the problems of hearth pressure fluctuation and insufficient combustion during combustion are reduced.
3. The operator can easily realize the fluctuation of the oxygen amount in a small range under each working condition by using the air supply automatic control system. The monitoring disc pressure is reduced, and the working strength and the working pressure are greatly reduced.
Drawings
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and from the claims. The individual features of the different embodiments shown in the figures can in this case be combined in any desired manner without exceeding the scope of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structural principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control strategy of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a discrete control strategy of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: the system comprises a 1-oxygen testing module, a 2-oxygen correction module, a 3-blower automatic biasing module, a 4-manual biasing module and a 5-blower movable blade instruction.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a power plant boiler air supply automatic control system includes an oxygen amount measuring module 1, an oxygen amount correcting module 2, an air supply automatic biasing module 3, and a manual biasing module 4; the oxygen amount measuring module 1 is connected with the oxygen amount correcting module 2, and the oxygen amount correcting module 2, the blower automatic biasing module 3 and the manual biasing module 4 are connected to obtain an opening instruction of the blower in an automatic state.
The oxygen measurement module 1 comprises three oxygen analyzers respectively arranged at inlets of air pre-heaters at two sides of the hearth, and measured values of the oxygen analyzers are averaged to be used as actual measured oxygen of the boiler oxygen.
The oxygen quantity correction module 2 uses a fuzzy control strategy, uses a function of the optimum oxygen quantity of the boiler corresponding to the unit load as an oxygen quantity set value, and a difference value obtained by subtracting the actual oxygen quantity of the boiler, uses the actual power of the unit, establishes a set of oxygen quantity functional relation corresponding to the economic combustion of the boiler as an oxygen quantity control set value, and establishes a set of step model of 5 variables by setting the deviation relation between the oxygen quantity and the actual oxygen quantity; establishing a set of step models of 5 variables by using the change rate of the measured oxygen amount and the change amount of the measured oxygen amount per second; and filling the two first-order model variable relations into a two-dimensional table to search a set value, wherein the set value is used as a relation between real-time oxygen amount change and fan movable blade opening change. Finally, the PID differential action principle is adopted as the output value of the variable quantity of the opening degree of the movable blade of the blower, and the amplitude limit is between plus and minus 5 and 10.
The automatic bias module 3 of the air blower obtains the corresponding relation between the unit load instruction and the opening degree of the movable blade of the air blower through open loop discrete control to obtain the initial value of the total air volume set value; as shown in fig. 3, specifically, by selecting a load instruction after the unit is limited, corresponding to the opening of the corresponding air supply movable blade by different load instructions, and when the load instruction of the unit is lower than 300MW, outputting 35% of the opening instruction of the air supply movable blade by the air supply movable blade; when the unit load command is greater than 320MW, the opening command of the blower moving blade outputs 38%; establishing a linear relation that the opening of the blower is increased by 3% when the load is increased by 20MW in the process of increasing the load, wherein after 460MW, the opening of the blower is increased by 2% when the load is increased by 20MW due to the change of the opening of the blower and the change of the relation of the fuel demand; the opening degree of the movable blade of the blower is not changed at 68% until the maximum load of the unit; in the load reduction process, a dead zone reset control mode is established with the last load change point, if a unit load instruction is greater than 340MW, the opening instruction of the air blower outputs 41%, meanwhile, the unit load instruction is reduced to be smaller than 320MW, and if the unit load instruction is greater than 300MW, the opening instruction of the air blower outputs 38%, and in the load reduction process, the opening of the air blower keeps outputting 41% from the 320MW load instruction to the 340MW load instruction interval. In the control process of the whole load instruction change corresponding to the opening change of the movable blade of the blower, the air is increased firstly and then the fuel is increased when the heat load of the unit is increased in the combustion adjustment process; in the process of reducing the heat load, the fuel is firstly reduced, and then the air is reduced.
The automatic bias module 3 of the air blower adjusts the opening degree of the movable vanes of the air blower under different working conditions, and cuts off the automatic adjustment of the load instruction of the unit and the opening degree of the movable vanes of the air blower when the pressure fluctuation of the hearth is overlarge.
The manual bias module 4 sets the air quantity by operating the manual bias station, the measuring range is set within plus or minus 10, and the total air quantity setting initial value is added to obtain the total air quantity setting value.
As shown in fig. 2, the automatic control method for the supply air of the power plant boiler of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that S1, an oxygen measurement module 1 is provided with three oxygen measurement analyzers at inlets of air pre-heaters at two sides of a hearth respectively, and an average value of the oxygen measurement at two sides is used as an actual measurement oxygen of the boiler oxygen, so that the oxygen condition of the hearth can be reflected basically and truly, and the reliability of fuzzy control input of the oxygen is ensured;
s2, an oxygen quantity correction module 2 corrects the actually measured oxygen quantity through a fuzzy control strategy, and an output value of the opening variation of the movable blade of the blower is obtained by utilizing an adder principle;
s3: the unit load instruction obtains the corresponding relation with the opening degree of the movable blade of the air blower through open loop discrete control, so as to obtain the initial value of the set value of the total air quantity, and the air quantity can be controlled through the corresponding relation between the unit load and the opening degree of the movable blade of the air blower;
s4, adding an initial value of a total air volume set value and an air volume set by a manual operation offset station as a total air volume set value;
s5: adding the total air quantity set value and the output value of the opening change quantity of the blower movable blade to obtain an opening instruction of the blower movable blade in an automatic state;
s6: the tracking amount setting is switched manually and automatically, and the opening offset setting of the movable blade of the single-side blower is reserved so as to adjust the air supply quantity.
The embodiment can realize automatic air supply control, so that the air-coal ratio reaches a proper value, the oxygen content of the flue gas is near a constant value, the expected effect of stable combustion is achieved, the frequent operation of operators is greatly reduced, and the whole air supply control system is more reliable. The running result shows that the air supply control system has excellent regulation quality, and can automatically provide reference and reference for the air supply of the same type of unit. The response rate to the load variation of the unit is improved; the method can be well adapted to fuel regulation, reduces fluctuation of oxygen amount and hearth pressure during load changing, and is beneficial to stability of hearth combustion; the operation of operators is reduced and lowered, and the real investment of air quantity protection is realized; the long-term investment of the oxygen correction loop is realized, and the economy of the combustion process is improved.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.
Claims (4)
1. The boiler air supply system of the power plant is characterized by comprising an oxygen measurement module (1), an oxygen correction module (2), an automatic air supply offset module (3) and a manual offset module (4); the oxygen quantity measuring module (1) is connected with the oxygen quantity correcting module (2), and the oxygen quantity correcting module (2), the blower automatic biasing module (3) and the manual biasing module (4) are connected to obtain an opening instruction of the blower in an automatic state;
the automatic bias module (3) of the air blower obtains the corresponding relation between the unit load instruction and the opening degree of a movable blade of the air blower through open loop discrete control to obtain the initial value of the total air volume set value;
the manual bias module (4) is used for setting air quantity by operating the manual bias station and adding a total air quantity setting initial value to obtain a total air quantity setting value;
the oxygen quantity correction module (2) uses a fuzzy control strategy, takes an optimal oxygen quantity function of a unit load corresponding to a boiler as an oxygen quantity set value, subtracts the oxygen quantity set value from the actual oxygen quantity of the boiler to obtain a difference value, and establishes a set of step models of 5 variables by using a first-order function; then, using the change rate of the actual oxygen amount of the boiler, and using a first-order function to establish a step model of 1 set of 5 variables; and establishing a two-dimensional model by adopting two first-order variables to search a set value, filling oxygen quantity change relation parameters into a two-dimensional table, and obtaining an output value of the fan movable blade opening change quantity by utilizing a PID adder principle as a relation between the real-time oxygen quantity change and the fan movable blade opening change quantity.
2. A power plant boiler air supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen measuring module (1) comprises three oxygen analyzers arranged at the inlets of the air pre-heaters at the two sides of the furnace, and the measured values of the oxygen analyzers are averaged to obtain the measured oxygen amount of the boiler oxygen.
3. The power plant boiler air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the automatic biasing module (3) of the air blower adjusts the opening degree of the moving blades of the air blower under different working conditions, and when the pressure fluctuation of the hearth is too large, the automatic adjustment of the load instruction of the unit and the opening degree of the moving blades of the air blower is disconnected.
4. A method for automatically controlling the supply air of a power plant boiler, applying the supply air system of the power plant boiler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that S1, an oxygen measuring module (1) is provided with three oxygen analyzers at inlets of air pre-heaters at two sides of a hearth respectively, and an average value of the oxygen amounts at two sides is used as an actual measurement oxygen amount of the boiler oxygen amount;
s2, an oxygen quantity correction module (2) corrects the actually measured oxygen quantity through a fuzzy control strategy, and an output value of the opening variation of the movable blade of the blower is obtained by utilizing an adder principle;
s3: the unit load instruction obtains a corresponding relation with the opening degree of the movable blade of the blower through open loop discrete control, and then obtains the initial value of the total air quantity set value;
s4, adding an initial value of a total air volume set value and an air volume set by a manual operation offset station as a total air volume set value;
s5: adding the total air quantity set value and the output value of the opening change quantity of the blower movable blade to obtain an opening instruction of the blower movable blade in an automatic state;
s6: the tracking amount setting is switched manually and automatically, and the opening offset setting of the movable blade of the single-side blower is reserved so as to adjust the air supply quantity.
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| CN202010710806.5A CN111692611B (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Automatic control system and method for boiler air supply of power plant |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112797437B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-03-22 | 华能武汉发电有限责任公司 | Intelligent air supply control method, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113701187B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-17 | 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 | Method for controlling opening degree of burnout air door and storage medium thereof |
| CN113485499B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-11-01 | 润电能源科学技术有限公司 | Coal feeding regulation and control method for coal quality working condition change |
| CN114017379B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-02-09 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Automatic control system and method for high-low speed switching process of blower |
| CN115468185A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-12-13 | 四川川锅环保工程有限公司 | Combustion control method of generator set adapting to large fluctuation of gas pressure and gas quantity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109084324A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-25 | 北京德普新源科技发展有限公司 | The burning air quantity control system and control method of biomass boiler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109084324A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-25 | 北京德普新源科技发展有限公司 | The burning air quantity control system and control method of biomass boiler |
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