CN111664766A - Device special for detecting radial runout of long-shaft workpiece and using method thereof - Google Patents
Device special for detecting radial runout of long-shaft workpiece and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111664766A CN111664766A CN201910171742.3A CN201910171742A CN111664766A CN 111664766 A CN111664766 A CN 111664766A CN 201910171742 A CN201910171742 A CN 201910171742A CN 111664766 A CN111664766 A CN 111664766A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device special for detecting radial runout of a long-shaft workpiece and a using method thereof, wherein the device comprises a workbench, a measuring mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a roller driving and conducting mechanism and a driving mechanism; the measuring mechanism is used for detecting the radial runout of the workpiece; the roller driving and conducting mechanism is used for bearing and rotationally driving the workpiece; the pressing mechanism is matched with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for applying radial pressing force to the workpiece and can follow the workpiece; the driving mechanism is connected with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for providing driving force for the roller driving and conducting mechanism. The invention has simple structure and convenient use, can convert the motor rotation torque into synchronous rotation of the driving wheel, realizes the bearing and driving of the workpiece by driving the workpiece to rotate through the externally tangent matching friction of the driving wheel and the workpiece, and simultaneously has the function of floating and pressing, so that the workpiece is always in a free state in the rotation process, avoids introducing a coarse error, and realizes the pressing, bearing and driving of the workpiece to be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical product detection, in particular to a device special for detecting radial runout of a long-shaft workpiece and a using method thereof.
Background
In machining, workpieces such as long shafts or pipes are generally machined in a turning mode, radial runout of a non-clamping end is prone to being out of tolerance, machining quality is seriously affected, and therefore detection on the workpieces is urgently needed to control machining quality.
For the detection of such workpieces, particularly the detection of workpieces taking an outer circle as a reference, the workpieces are generally required to be positioned and then the other end of the workpieces is subjected to rotation detection by clamping a machining reference end, a clamping mechanism is required to have a function of driving rotation, and the self-run-out is required to be as small as possible so as to avoid bringing in a coarse error; the positioning mechanism needs to apply pressing force to the workpiece in the radial direction while keeping the workpiece in a rotating state for detection. However, no mechanism which is specially used for detecting the jumping of long-shaft or pipe workpieces and can compress, bear and drive the workpieces exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device special for detecting the radial runout of a long-shaft workpiece, a roller driving and conducting mechanism of the device can convert the rotary torque of a motor into synchronous rotation of a driving wheel, and the driving wheel and the workpiece are externally tangent and matched to rub to drive the workpiece to rotate so as to bear and drive the workpiece; the pressing mechanism of the device plays a role in positioning assistance, meets the requirements of rotation follow-up and pressure adjustment of the workpiece, and has the floating pressing function, so that the workpiece is always in a free state in the rotation process, thick errors are avoided being introduced, and the workpiece is pressed, loaded and driven.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a device for detecting radial run-out of a workpiece, such as a slender shaft.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device special for detecting radial runout of long-shaft workpieces comprises a workbench, a measuring mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a roller driving and conducting mechanism and a driving mechanism;
the top surface of the workbench is a horizontal plane; the measuring mechanism is arranged on the left side of the top surface of the workbench and used for detecting radial runout of the workpiece; the roller driving and conducting mechanism is arranged on the right side of the top surface of the workbench and is used for bearing and rotationally driving a workpiece; the pressing mechanism is matched with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for applying radial pressing force to the workpiece, and a pressing part of the pressing mechanism can follow the workpiece; the driving mechanism is connected with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for providing driving force for the roller driving and conducting mechanism.
In the technical scheme, the measuring mechanism comprises a vertical supporting rod vertically arranged on the workbench, a horizontal supporting rod with one end rotatably connected with the top end of the vertical supporting rod and a measuring instrument arranged at the other end of the horizontal supporting rod, and the measuring instrument is used for detecting the radial runout of the workpiece.
In the technical scheme, the pressing mechanism comprises a vertically positioned cylinder, a pressing block with a pressing wheel arranged on the bottom surface and a floating mechanism;
the floating mechanism comprises a connecting sleeve fixedly connected with the pressing block, a connecting rod fixedly connected with a cylinder rod of the cylinder and a pressure spring sleeved at two ends of the outside of the connecting rod and respectively supported against the cylinder and the pressing block, and an upper limiting mechanism is arranged between the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve in a sliding manner.
In the technical scheme, the pressure spring sleeve is arranged outside the connecting rod, the inner ring of the pressure spring sleeve is in clearance fit with the outer ring of the connecting sleeve, the pressing block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting sleeve, the four pressing wheels are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom surface of the pressing block, and the bottom surfaces of the pressing wheels exceed the bottom surface of the pressing block.
In the technical scheme, the air cylinder is fixed on the support frame, the support frame comprises a vertical plate and an air cylinder seat plate, the vertical plate is vertically arranged, the bottom surface and the top surface are parallel to each other, and the bottom surface and the top surface are both provided with connecting screw holes; the air cylinder base plate is used for bearing an air cylinder and horizontally arranged on the top surface of the vertical plate, and a through hole used for penetrating through the air cylinder rod is formed in one end, close to the edge, of the top surface of the air cylinder base plate.
In the technical scheme, the connecting rod is a threaded rod, and one end of the connecting rod, which is connected with the air cylinder, is locked through a nut to be axially limited.
In the technical scheme, the pressing force of the pressure spring is changed according to different steel wire diameters of the pressure spring.
In the above technical solution, a through hole for passing through the limit pin is provided in the radial direction of the connecting rod, and the shape of a longitudinal section of the through hole is a circle having a diameter the same as the width of the limit pin or a strip having a width the same as the width of the limit pin.
In the technical scheme, the connecting sleeve is of a flange structure, the small-diameter section of the flange faces upwards, the small-diameter section of the flange is symmetrically provided with strip-shaped through holes along the radial direction of the small-diameter section, the small-diameter section is of a tubular structure with a hollow inner part, and two ends of the limiting pin are positioned in the strip-shaped through holes and can freely slide in the strip-shaped through holes without falling off; the large-diameter section of the flange is fixedly connected with the pressing block through screws.
In the technical scheme, the clearance between the diameter of the inner ring of the pressure spring and the outer diameter of the small-diameter section of the connecting sleeve is less than 0.1 mm.
In the technical scheme, the center of the bottom surface of the pressing block is provided with the V-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove penetrates through the bottom surface of the pressing block from left to right, and the distance between the symmetrical plane of the V-shaped groove and the pressing wheels on the two sides of the V-shaped groove is equal.
In the technical scheme, the two pressing shafts penetrate through the pressing blocks and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the V-shaped groove and are parallel to the symmetrical surface of the V-shaped groove, and the pressing wheels are arranged at the end parts of the pressing shafts.
In the technical scheme, the pressing wheel is a deep groove ball bearing, and a rubber layer is arranged on the outer surface of the pressing wheel.
In the technical scheme, the two ends of the pressing shaft are provided with annular grooves, and the annular grooves are located on the outer side of the deep groove ball bearing and used for installing check rings for axially limiting the inner ring of the bearing.
In the above technical solution, the stroke type selection condition of the cylinder is as follows: when the cylinder rod extends out completely, the pressing wheel is tangent to the workpiece, the pressure spring is in a compression state, and the limiting pin is positioned near the middle of the radial long through hole of the connecting flange.
In the technical scheme, the roller driving and conducting mechanism comprises a horizontally arranged base bottom plate, two vertical base plates which are vertically and symmetrically arranged on the base bottom plate, two supporting shafts which are parallel to each other and of which two ends are respectively and rotatably connected with the vertical base plates, supporting wheels which are correspondingly arranged at two ends of the two supporting shafts and are positioned on the outer sides of the vertical base plates, and a transmission shaft which is in transmission connection with the supporting shafts;
the supporting shafts are positioned on the same horizontal plane, two supporting wheels positioned on the outer side of the same base vertical plate are respectively tangent with two sides of a slender shaft workpiece, the two supporting shafts are connected to the transmission shaft together, the rotating directions of the two supporting shafts are the same, and one end of the transmission shaft is a connecting end for externally connecting a driving mechanism.
In the above technical scheme, the transmission shaft is located below the supporting shaft, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the base vertical plate, and the connecting end penetrates out of the base vertical plate.
In the above technical solution, the supporting shaft and the transmission shaft are driven by a synchronous belt.
In the technical scheme, the supporting shaft and the transmission shaft are fixedly connected with the synchronous belt pulley through jackscrews.
In the above technical solution, a rolling bearing is in interference fit with a joint of the supporting shaft and the base vertical plate.
In the technical scheme, an annular groove is formed in the supporting shaft on the outer side of the rolling bearing along the circumferential direction, a retainer ring used for axially limiting the outer side of the rolling bearing is arranged in the annular groove, and an axial limiting flange used for axially limiting the inner side of the rolling bearing is sleeved on the supporting shaft on the inner side of the rolling bearing.
In the technical scheme, the end part of the supporting shaft is connected with a nut used for axially limiting the supporting wheel through threads.
In the technical scheme, the center of the top surface of the base vertical plate is downwards sunken to form a clearance groove corresponding to the shape of the two supporting wheels on the same side.
In the technical scheme, a through hole is formed in the middle of the lower portion of the base vertical plate, a lower bearing seat is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the through hole, the end portion of the transmission shaft penetrates out of the through hole and the lower bearing seat in sequence, a rolling bearing is in interference fit between the lower bearing seat and the transmission shaft, and a lower bearing cover used for axially limiting the transmission shaft is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the lower bearing seat.
In the technical scheme, elongated slot through holes are symmetrically formed in two sides of a central hole of the lower bearing seat, and the elongated slot through holes are used for being connected with the base vertical plate and can longitudinally move on the base vertical plate to realize tension adjustment of the synchronous belt.
In the above technical solution, a rubber layer is disposed on the surface of the support wheel.
In the above technical solution, the rolling bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, a needle bearing, an angular contact bearing, or a self-aligning ball bearing.
On the other hand, the use method of the device special for detecting the radial run-out of the long-shaft workpiece comprises the following steps: transversely placing a long-shaft workpiece and enabling one end of the long-shaft workpiece to be positioned in a V-shaped included angle formed between the supporting wheels of the roller driving and transmitting mechanism; the method comprises the steps of ensuring that a symmetrical plane between two compression wheels on the same side is coplanar with the axis of a workpiece, ensuring that a compression block is in a floating state when an air cylinder rod is completely extended, starting an air cylinder to enable the compression wheels to be completely attached to the outer surface of the workpiece, further completing the loading of floating compression force, starting a driving mechanism, converting revolving torque into synchronous revolution of supporting wheels, driving the workpiece to revolve by the external tangent fit of the supporting wheels and the workpiece to realize the bearing and driving of the workpiece, enabling the compression wheels to follow the revolution of the workpiece and have the floating compression function, realizing the adjustable compression force by replacing compression springs with different spring wire diameters, confirming that the workpiece does not slip during the revolution, and performing radial runout detection on the workpiece by a measuring mechanism.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) the roller driving and conducting mechanism of the device special for detecting the radial runout of the long-shaft workpieces is positioned between the two supporting wheels on the same base vertical plate to form a stable V-shaped support, the long-shaft workpieces can be stably detected and positioned, and meanwhile, the supporting wheels are connected to the supporting shafts which can synchronously rotate, so that the synchronous driving of the workpieces is realized, the relative motion in the rotation process is ensured, and the rotation loss is avoided.
(2) The invention relates to a device special for detecting radial runout of long-axis workpieces, wherein the runout of the outer surfaces of four supporting wheels of a roller driving and conducting mechanism is less than 0.001mm, so that the self error of the mechanism is furthest prevented from being substituted into a measurement result.
(3) According to the device special for detecting the radial runout of the long-shaft workpieces, the transmission bearing pairs on two sides of the transmission shaft of the roller driving and transmitting mechanism can longitudinally slide in the long-groove through hole on the lower bearing seat, so that the degree of tension of the synchronous belt can be freely adjusted, and the stable transmission is ensured.
(4) The pressing force provided by the elastic force of the pressure spring of the pressing mechanism in the device special for detecting the radial runout of the long-shaft workpiece can be adjusted by changing the diameter and the length of the spring wire of the pressure spring, and different pressing force requirements can be met.
(5) According to the pressing mechanism special for the device for detecting the radial runout of the long-shaft workpiece, when the cylinder rod is completely extended out, the pressing wheel presses the workpiece, the pressure spring is in a compressed state, the limiting pin is positioned near the middle of the radial long through hole of the connecting flange, and the pressing force applied to the workpiece is completely from the elastic force of the pressure spring, so that floating pressing is realized.
(6) The pressing wheel in the pressing mechanism of the device special for detecting the radial runout of the long-shaft workpieces can rotate along with the workpieces under the condition of ensuring that the pressing force is always applied, so that the follow-up pressing is realized.
(7) The device special for detecting the radial runout of the long-shaft workpiece has a simple structure, is convenient to use, can convert the motor revolving torque into synchronous revolution of the driving wheel, realizes bearing and driving of the workpiece by driving the workpiece to revolve by the friction of the driving wheel and the workpiece in an externally tangent matching manner, meets the requirements of revolving follow-up and pressure adjustment of the workpiece, has a floating compaction function, enables the workpiece to be always in a free state in the revolution process, avoids introducing a coarse error, and realizes compaction, bearing and driving of the workpiece to be detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an apparatus for detecting radial run-out of a long-axis workpiece according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of an apparatus of the present invention for detecting radial run-out of a long-axis workpiece.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the roller driving and conducting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the hold-down mechanism of the present invention at the connecting rod.
Wherein:
1: workbench, 2: pressing mechanism, 201: cylinder, 202: cylinder seat plate, 203: pressure spring, 204: screw, 205: large diameter section of connecting sleeve, 206: compact block, 207: pinch roller, 208: riser, 209: small diameter section of connecting sleeve, 210: spacer pin, 211: connecting rod, 212: nut, 213: cylinder rod, 214: strip-shaped through hole, 3: roller drive transmission mechanism, 301: base chassis, 302: base riser, 303: synchronous pulley, 304: synchronous belt, 305: drive shaft, 306: axial stop flange, 307: support shaft, 308: support wheel, 309: nut, 310: lower bearing cap, 311: long groove through hole, 312: lower bearing seat, 4: drive motor, 5: measuring mechanism, 6: drive shaft, 7: a long axis workpiece.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the following figures. It should be noted that: the following examples are illustrative and not intended to be limiting, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example one
A device special for detecting radial runout of long-shaft workpieces comprises a workbench, a measuring mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a roller driving and conducting mechanism and a driving mechanism;
the top surface of the workbench is a horizontal plane; the measuring mechanism is arranged on the left side of the top surface of the workbench and used for detecting radial runout of the workpiece; the roller driving and conducting mechanism is arranged on the right side of the top surface of the workbench and is used for bearing and rotationally driving a workpiece; the pressing mechanism is matched with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for applying radial pressing force to the workpiece, and a pressing part of the pressing mechanism can follow the workpiece; the driving mechanism is connected with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for providing driving force for the roller driving and conducting mechanism.
The invention provides a device special for detecting radial runout of a long-axis workpiece, wherein a rotary torque of a driving mechanism is converted into synchronous rotation of rollers by a roller driving and conducting mechanism, and the rollers and the workpiece are externally tangent and matched to rub to drive the workpiece to rotate so as to realize bearing and driving of the workpiece; the pressing mechanism plays a role in positioning assistance, meets the rotation follow-up of the workpiece, enables the workpiece to be always in a free state in the rotation process, avoids introducing thick errors, and realizes the pressing, bearing and driving of the workpiece.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, preferably, the measuring mechanism includes a vertical support rod vertically arranged on the workbench, a horizontal support rod with one end rotatably connected with the top end of the vertical support rod, and a measuring instrument arranged at the other end of the horizontal support rod, and the measuring instrument is used for detecting radial runout of the workpiece.
Preferably, the pressing mechanism comprises a support frame, a cylinder, a connecting rod, a pressure spring, a connecting sleeve, a pressing block and a pressing wheel; the supporting frame is used for supporting the whole mechanism, a convex edge extending towards one side is arranged at the upper end of the supporting frame, the upper end face and the lower end face of the supporting frame are horizontal planes which are parallel to each other, the air cylinder is vertically arranged on the convex edge, the connecting rod is vertically arranged, the top end of the connecting rod is detachably connected with the bottom end of an air cylinder rod of the air cylinder, the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected in the connecting sleeve in a sliding mode, the pressure spring is sleeved outside the connecting rod, the inner ring of the pressure spring is in clearance fit with the outer ring of the connecting sleeve, the pressing block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting sleeve, and the four pressing wheels are symmetrically arranged on the left side.
The pressing force of the pressing mechanism provided by the elasticity of the pressure spring can be adjusted by changing the diameter and the length of the spring wire of the pressure spring, so that different pressing force requirements can be met; the pressing wheel in the pressing mechanism can rotate along with the workpiece under the condition of ensuring that the pressing force is always applied, so that the follow-up pressing is realized.
Preferably, the roller driving and conducting mechanism comprises a horizontally arranged base bottom plate, two vertical base plates which are vertically and symmetrically arranged on the base bottom plate, two supporting shafts which are parallel to each other and two ends of which are respectively rotatably connected with the vertical base plates, supporting wheels which are correspondingly arranged at two ends of the two supporting shafts and are positioned on the outer sides of the vertical base plates, and a transmission shaft which is in transmission connection with the supporting shafts; the supporting shafts are positioned on the same horizontal plane, two supporting wheels positioned on the outer side of the same base vertical plate are respectively tangent with two sides of a slender shaft workpiece, the two supporting shafts are connected to the transmission shaft together and have the same rotating direction, and one end of the transmission shaft is a connecting end for externally connecting a driving mechanism; the transmission shaft is positioned below the supporting shaft, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the base vertical plate, and the connecting end penetrates out of the base vertical plate.
The roller driving and conducting mechanism is positioned between two supporting wheels on the same base vertical plate to form a stable V-shaped support, so that the slender shaft type workpiece can be stably detected and positioned;
the outer surface runout of four supporting wheels of the roller driving and conducting mechanism is less than 0.001mm, and the self error of the mechanism is prevented from being substituted into the measurement result to the maximum extent.
EXAMPLE III
In addition to the second embodiment, preferably, in the pressing mechanism: the support frame is characterized by comprising a vertical plate and a cylinder seat plate, wherein the vertical plate is vertically arranged, the bottom surface and the top surface are parallel to each other, and the bottom surface and the top surface of the vertical plate are both provided with connecting screw holes; the air cylinder base plate is used for bearing an air cylinder and horizontally arranged on the top surface of the vertical plate, and a through hole used for penetrating through the air cylinder rod is formed in one end, close to the edge, of the top surface of the air cylinder base plate.
Preferably, the connecting rod is a threaded rod, and one end of the connecting rod, which is connected with the air cylinder, is locked by a nut to perform axial limiting.
Preferably, the pressing force of the compression spring is changed according to different wire diameters of the compression spring.
Preferably, a through hole for passing through the limit pin is formed in the radial direction of the connecting rod, and the through hole has a shape of a circle with a diameter the same as the width of the limit pin or a strip with a width the same as the width of the limit pin.
Preferably, the connecting sleeve is of a flange structure, the small-diameter section of the flange faces upwards, the small-diameter section of the flange is symmetrically provided with strip-shaped through holes along the radial direction of the small-diameter section, the small-diameter section is of a tubular structure with a hollow inner part, and two ends of the limiting pin are located in the strip-shaped through holes, can freely slide in the strip-shaped through holes and do not fall off; the large-diameter section of the flange is fixedly connected with the pressing block through screws.
Preferably, the gap between the diameter of the inner ring of the pressure spring and the outer diameter of the small-diameter section of the connecting sleeve is less than 0.1 mm.
Preferably, the center of the bottom surface of the pressing block is provided with a V-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove penetrates through the bottom surface of the pressing block from left to right, and the distance between the symmetrical surface of the V-shaped groove and the pressing wheels on the two sides of the V-shaped groove is equal; two pressing shafts penetrate through the pressing blocks and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the V-shaped groove and are parallel to the symmetrical surface of the V-shaped groove, and the pressing wheels are arranged at the end parts of the pressing shafts; the pressing wheel is a deep groove ball bearing, and a rubber layer is arranged on the outer surface of the pressing wheel.
Preferably, two ends of the pressing shaft are provided with annular grooves, and the annular grooves are located on the outer side of the deep groove ball bearing and used for installing check rings for axially limiting the inner ring of the bearing.
Preferably, the stroke selection conditions of the cylinder are as follows: when the cylinder rod extends out completely, the pressing wheel is tangent to the workpiece, the pressure spring is in a compression state, and the limiting pin is positioned near the middle of the radial long through hole of the connecting flange.
The pressing force of the pressing mechanism provided by the elasticity of the pressure spring can be adjusted by changing the diameter and the length of the spring wire of the pressure spring, so that different pressing force requirements can be met;
when the air cylinder rod is completely extended out, the pressing wheel presses the workpiece, the pressure spring is in a compressed state, the limiting pin is positioned near the middle of the radial long through hole of the connecting flange, and the pressing force applied to the workpiece is completely from the elastic force of the pressure spring, so that floating pressing is realized;
the pressing wheel in the pressing mechanism can rotate along with the workpiece under the condition of ensuring that the pressing force is always applied, so that the follow-up pressing is realized.
In the roller drive transmission mechanism:
preferably, a synchronous belt transmission is adopted between the supporting shaft and the transmission shaft; the supporting shaft and the transmission shaft are fixedly connected with the synchronous belt wheel through jackscrews.
Preferably, a rolling bearing is in interference fit at the joint of the supporting shaft and the base vertical plate; the supporting shaft on the outer side of the rolling bearing is circumferentially provided with an annular groove, a retainer ring used for axially limiting the outer side of the rolling bearing is arranged in the annular groove, and an axial limiting flange used for axially limiting the inner side of the rolling bearing is sleeved on the supporting shaft on the inner side of the rolling bearing.
Preferably, a nut for axially limiting the support wheel is screwed to an end of the support shaft.
Preferably, the center of the top surface of the base vertical plate is downwards sunken to form a clearance groove which is corresponding to the shape of the two supporting wheels on the same side of the base vertical plate; the middle position of the lower part of the vertical plate of the base is provided with a through hole, a lower bearing seat is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the through hole, the end part of the transmission shaft sequentially penetrates out of the through hole and the lower bearing seat, a rolling bearing is in interference fit between the lower bearing seat and the transmission shaft, and a lower bearing cover used for axially limiting the transmission shaft is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the lower bearing seat.
Preferably, elongated slot through holes are symmetrically formed in two sides of a center hole of the lower bearing seat, and the elongated slot through holes are used for being connected with the base vertical plate and can longitudinally move on the base vertical plate to achieve tension adjustment of the synchronous belt.
Preferably, the surface of the supporting wheel is provided with a rubber layer.
Preferably, the rolling bearing is a deep groove ball bearing.
The roller driving and conducting mechanism is positioned between two supporting wheels on the same base vertical plate to form a stable V-shaped support, so that the long and thin shaft type workpiece can be stably detected and positioned, and meanwhile, the supporting wheels are connected to a supporting shaft capable of synchronously rotating, so that the synchronous driving of the workpiece is realized, the relative motion in the rotating process is ensured, and the rotation loss is avoided;
the outer surface runout of four supporting wheels of the roller driving and conducting mechanism is less than 0.001mm, so that the self error of the mechanism is prevented from being substituted into the measurement result to the maximum extent;
the transmission bearing pairs on two sides of the transmission shaft of the roller driving transmission mechanism can longitudinally slide in the long groove through hole on the lower bearing seat, so that the expansion degree of the synchronous belt can be freely adjusted, and the stable transmission is ensured.
Example four
The invention discloses a using method of a device special for detecting radial runout of a long shaft workpiece, which comprises the following steps: transversely placing a long-shaft workpiece and enabling one end of the long-shaft workpiece to be positioned in a V-shaped included angle formed between the supporting wheels of the roller driving and transmitting mechanism; the method comprises the steps of ensuring that a symmetrical plane between two compression wheels on the same side is coplanar with the axis of a workpiece, ensuring that a compression block is in a floating state when an air cylinder rod is completely extended, starting an air cylinder to enable the compression wheels to be completely attached to the outer surface of the workpiece, further completing the loading of floating compression force, starting a driving mechanism, converting revolving torque into synchronous revolution of supporting wheels, driving the workpiece to revolve by the external tangent fit of the supporting wheels and the workpiece to realize the bearing and driving of the workpiece, enabling the compression wheels to follow the revolution of the workpiece and have the floating compression function, realizing the adjustable compression force by replacing compression springs with different spring wire diameters, confirming that the workpiece does not slip during the revolution, and performing radial runout detection on the workpiece by a measuring mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious advantages:
the device special for detecting the radial runout of the long-shaft workpiece has a simple structure, is convenient to use, can convert the motor revolving torque into synchronous revolution of the driving wheel, realizes bearing and driving of the workpiece by driving the workpiece to revolve by the friction of the driving wheel and the workpiece in an externally tangent matching manner, meets the requirements of revolving follow-up and pressure adjustment of the workpiece, has a floating compaction function, enables the workpiece to be always in a free state in the revolution process, avoids introducing a coarse error, and realizes compaction, bearing and driving of the workpiece to be detected.
Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in connection with embodiments for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an orientation of upper and lower. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. A device special for detecting radial runout of long-axis workpieces is characterized by comprising a workbench, a measuring mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a roller driving and conducting mechanism and a driving mechanism;
the top surface of the workbench is a horizontal plane; the measuring mechanism is arranged on the left side of the top surface of the workbench and used for detecting radial runout of the workpiece; the roller driving and conducting mechanism is arranged on the right side of the top surface of the workbench and is used for bearing and rotationally driving a workpiece; the pressing mechanism is matched with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for applying radial pressing force to the workpiece, and a pressing part of the pressing mechanism can follow the workpiece; the driving mechanism is connected with the roller driving and conducting mechanism and is used for providing driving force for the roller driving and conducting mechanism.
2. The device for measuring radial run-out of a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the measuring mechanism comprises a vertical support rod vertically arranged on the workbench, a horizontal support rod with one end rotatably connected with the top end of the vertical support rod, and a measuring instrument arranged at the other end of the horizontal support rod, and the measuring instrument is used for detecting the radial run-out of the workpiece.
3. The radial runout device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressing mechanism comprises a vertically positioned cylinder, a pressing block with a pressing wheel arranged on the bottom surface, and a floating mechanism;
the floating mechanism comprises a connecting sleeve fixedly connected with the top surface of the compression block, a connecting rod fixedly connected with a cylinder rod of the cylinder and a pressure spring sleeved at two ends of the outer part of the connecting rod and respectively propped against the cylinder and the compression block, the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve can slide relatively, and an upper limiting mechanism is arranged between the connecting rod and the connecting sleeve;
the compression spring is sleeved outside the connecting rod, an inner ring of the compression spring is in clearance fit with an outer ring of the connecting sleeve, the four compression wheels are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom surface of the compression block, and the bottom surfaces of the compression wheels exceed the bottom surface of the compression block;
the roller driving and conducting mechanism comprises a horizontally arranged base bottom plate, two vertical base plates which are vertically and symmetrically arranged on the base bottom plate, two supporting shafts which are parallel to each other and two ends of which are respectively rotatably connected with the vertical base plates, supporting wheels which are correspondingly arranged at two ends of the two supporting shafts and are positioned on the outer sides of the vertical base plates, and a transmission shaft which is in transmission connection with the supporting shafts;
the supporting shafts are positioned on the same horizontal plane, two supporting wheels positioned on the outer side of the same base vertical plate are respectively tangent with two sides of a slender shaft workpiece, the two supporting shafts are connected to the transmission shaft together, the rotating directions of the two supporting shafts are the same, and one end of the transmission shaft is a connecting end for externally connecting a driving mechanism.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein the cylinder is fixed on a support frame, the support frame comprises a vertical plate and a cylinder seat plate, the vertical plate is vertically arranged, the bottom surface and the top surface are parallel to each other, and the bottom surface and the top surface are both provided with connecting screw holes; the air cylinder base plate is used for bearing an air cylinder and horizontally arranged on the top surface of the vertical plate, and a through hole used for penetrating through the air cylinder rod is formed in one end, close to the edge, of the top surface of the air cylinder base plate.
5. The device of claim 3, wherein the connecting rod is provided with a through hole in a radial direction for passing through the limit pin, and the through hole has a shape of a circular cross section with a diameter the same as the width of the limit pin or a strip with a width the same as the width of the limit pin;
the connecting sleeve is of a flange structure, a small-diameter section of the flange faces upwards, strip-shaped through holes are symmetrically formed in the radial direction of the small-diameter section, the small-diameter section is of a tubular structure with a hollow inner part, and two ends of the limiting pin are located in the strip-shaped through holes and can freely slide in the strip-shaped through holes without falling off; the large-diameter section of the flange is fixedly connected with the pressing block through screws.
6. The radial runout device according to claim 3, wherein a V-shaped groove is formed in the center of the bottom surface of the pressing block, the V-shaped groove penetrates through the bottom surface of the pressing block from left to right, and the distance between the symmetrical plane of the V-shaped groove and the pressing wheels on the two sides of the V-shaped groove is equal; two pressing shafts penetrate through the pressing blocks and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the V-shaped groove and are parallel to the symmetrical surface of the V-shaped groove, and the pressing wheels are arranged at the end parts of the pressing shafts; and annular grooves are formed in the two ends of the pressing shaft, are positioned on the outer side of the pressing wheel and are used for installing check rings for axially limiting the inner ring of the pressing wheel.
7. The device of claim 5, wherein the stroke selection condition of the cylinder is: when the cylinder rod extends out completely, the pressing wheel is tangent to the workpiece, the pressure spring is in a compression state, and the limiting pin is positioned near the middle of the radial long through hole of the connecting flange.
8. The device of claim 3, wherein the transmission shaft is located below the supporting shaft, and both ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the base vertical plate respectively, and the connecting end penetrates through the base vertical plate.
9. The device of claim 3, wherein the supporting shaft and the transmission shaft are in synchronous belt transmission and are fixedly connected with a synchronous pulley through a jackscrew; a rolling bearing is in interference fit at the joint of the supporting shaft and the base vertical plate; the supporting shaft on the outer side of the rolling bearing is circumferentially provided with an annular groove, a retainer ring used for axially limiting the outer side of the rolling bearing is arranged in the annular groove, and an axial limiting flange used for axially limiting the inner side of the rolling bearing is sleeved on the supporting shaft on the inner side of the rolling bearing.
10. The device of claim 3, wherein a nut is threadedly attached to the end of the support shaft for axially retaining the support wheel.
11. The device of claim 3, wherein the center of the top surface of the vertical base plate is recessed downward to form a clearance groove corresponding to the shape of the two supporting wheels on the same side; the middle position of the lower part of the vertical plate of the base is provided with a through hole, a lower bearing seat is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the through hole, the end part of the transmission shaft sequentially penetrates out of the through hole and the lower bearing seat, a rolling bearing is in interference fit between the lower bearing seat and the transmission shaft, and a lower bearing cover used for axially limiting the transmission shaft is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the lower bearing seat.
12. The radial runout device according to claim 11, wherein elongated slot through holes are symmetrically formed in both sides of a central hole of the lower bearing pedestal, and the elongated slot through holes are used for being connected with the base vertical plate and can longitudinally move on the base vertical plate to adjust the tension of the synchronous belt.
13. A method of using a runout apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein a long-axis workpiece is positioned laterally with one end thereof in a V-shaped angle formed between the support wheels of the roller drive transmission mechanism; the method comprises the steps of ensuring that a symmetrical plane between two compression wheels on the same side is coplanar with the axis of a workpiece, ensuring that a compression block is in a floating state when an air cylinder rod is completely extended, starting an air cylinder to enable the compression wheels to be completely attached to the outer surface of the workpiece, further completing loading of floating compression force, starting a driving mechanism, converting revolving torque into synchronous revolution of supporting wheels, driving the workpiece to revolve by externally tangent matching of the supporting wheels and the workpiece to realize bearing and driving of the workpiece, enabling the compression wheels to follow up the revolution of the workpiece and have the floating compression function, realizing adjustable compression force by replacing compression springs with different spring wire diameters, confirming that the workpiece does not slip during revolution, and performing radial runout detection on the workpiece by a measuring mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910171742.3A CN111664766A (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Device special for detecting radial runout of long-shaft workpiece and using method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910171742.3A CN111664766A (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Device special for detecting radial runout of long-shaft workpiece and using method thereof |
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| CN201910171742.3A Pending CN111664766A (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Device special for detecting radial runout of long-shaft workpiece and using method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112547852A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Full-automatic miniature axle class straightener |
| CN112547847A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-26 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Formula gyro wheel actuating mechanism is driven down to high accuracy |
| CN112762847A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-07 | 河南科技大学 | Bearing inner ring radial run-out measuring device and method based on double circular gratings |
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2019
- 2019-03-07 CN CN201910171742.3A patent/CN111664766A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112547847A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-26 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Formula gyro wheel actuating mechanism is driven down to high accuracy |
| CN112547852A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Full-automatic miniature axle class straightener |
| CN112762847A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-07 | 河南科技大学 | Bearing inner ring radial run-out measuring device and method based on double circular gratings |
| CN112762847B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2024-01-23 | 河南科技大学 | Device and method for measuring radial runout of bearing inner ring based on double-circle grating |
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