CN111381384B - Optical axis calibration method for reflective telescope - Google Patents
Optical axis calibration method for reflective telescope Download PDFInfo
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- CN111381384B CN111381384B CN202010208704.3A CN202010208704A CN111381384B CN 111381384 B CN111381384 B CN 111381384B CN 202010208704 A CN202010208704 A CN 202010208704A CN 111381384 B CN111381384 B CN 111381384B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/62—Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
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- Telescopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating an optical axis of a reflective telescope, which comprises the following steps: acquiring and displaying an eyepiece real-time image along the optical axis direction of the eyepiece; drawing a reference circle by taking the center point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center of the circle, and drawing a cross calibration line by taking the center point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center; and adjusting the secondary mirror and the primary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror, the reflecting circle of the primary mirror and the central mark of the primary mirror in the real-time image of the ocular mirror to be respectively concentrically arranged with the reference circle, so that the projection of the fixed support of the secondary mirror in the real-time image of the ocular mirror is overlapped with the cross calibration line. The calibration method can quickly finish the calibration of the optical axis of the reflection type telescope and has strong operability. The real-time image of the ocular lens is transmitted to the display equipment to be displayed, and the calibration baseline is clearer than that of the traditional calibration method. The calibration method of the invention is very convenient to observe and has higher efficiency than the traditional calibration method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical axis calibration of a reflective telescope, in particular to a method for calibrating an optical axis of a reflective telescope.
Background
Astronomy is a science based on observation. At the beginning of astronomical observations, astronomy observed bright luminescent stars visible to the human eye. As science has progressed further and further, astronomers have begun to study celestial bodies that are farther from the earth and also darker to the naked eye, and have begun to resort to telescopes, initially, the convergent monocular (abbreviated as refractive telescopes). With the progress of astronomy science, the combined single-cylinder telescope can not meet the curiosity of scientists, because the combined single-cylinder telescope has small caliber which can be only within 100 mm at most, larger caliber is difficult to grind, and the price is high. Then in 1668, british mathematician, physicist newtonian made his reflecting telescope. The principle is to use a curved mirror to reflect light to a focal point. This design method is several times higher than the magnification of an object using a lens.
The reflecting telescope comprises a lens cone, a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and an ocular, wherein the secondary mirror is arranged in the lens cone through a secondary mirror fixing support, and the secondary mirror fixing support is in a cross shape. There are two optical axes in the optical system of the mirror: the primary mirror optical axis and the eyepiece optical axis. The optical axis of the primary mirror is parallel to the axis of the lens cone and passes through the secondary mirror; the optical axis of the ocular lens is perpendicular to the axis of the lens cone and also passes through the auxiliary lens. When the two optical axes pass through the same point on the secondary mirror and are completely overlapped after being reflected by the secondary mirror, namely, the two optical axes form an optical axis, the optical axis is accurately adjusted. The reflective telescope has the advantages that compared with the refractive telescope, the reflective telescope has the same caliber and low cost, and meanwhile, the caliber can be very large, and the grinding is convenient.
However, the optical axis of the reflective telescope is difficult to adjust. If the optical axis of the telescope is in trouble, objects viewed through the telescope are deformed and blurred if the optical axis is light, and objects at a distance cannot be seen if the optical axis is too much deviated if the optical axis is heavy.
The reflecting telescope should have the following characteristics when the optical axis is correct: 1. the elliptic auxiliary mirror is obliquely arranged at an angle of 45 degrees, so that the reflecting surface of the auxiliary mirror is a perfect circle which is positioned in the center of the opening end of the ocular lens. 2. The primary mirror reflecting circular surface is in the middle of the secondary mirror reflecting surface. 3. The center of the main lens is marked in the center of the ocular mouth end. 4. The center of the auxiliary mirror fixing bracket is in the center of the ocular mouth end.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for calibrating the optical axis of a reflective telescope, which is convenient and rapid to calibrate the optical axis of the reflective telescope.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for calibrating an optical axis of a reflective telescope comprises the following steps:
acquiring and displaying an eyepiece real-time image along the optical axis direction of the eyepiece;
drawing a reference circle by taking the central point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center of the circle, and drawing a cross calibration line by taking the central point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center;
and adjusting the secondary mirror and the primary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror, the reflecting circle of the primary mirror and the central mark of the primary mirror in the real-time image of the ocular mirror to be respectively concentrically arranged with the reference circle, so that the projection of the fixed support of the secondary mirror in the real-time image of the ocular mirror is overlapped with the cross calibration line.
Further, the radius of the reference circle is adjustable.
Further, the reference circle specifically includes:
a first reference circle for enclosing the primary mirror center mark;
a second reference circle for enclosing the main mirror reflection circle; and
a third reference circle for enclosing a boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the sub mirror;
the radii of the first reference circle, the second reference circle and the third reference circle are gradually increased.
Further, adjustment secondary mirror and primary mirror make secondary mirror boundary circle, primary mirror reflection circle and primary mirror center mark in the eyepiece real-time image respectively with the reference circle sets up with one heart, makes secondary mirror fixed bolster projection in the eyepiece real-time image with the cross calibration line overlaps, specifically includes:
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to be observed in the real-time image of the ocular lens;
adjusting the radius of the third reference circle to enclose the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror;
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the reflection circle of the primary mirror to be positioned in the middle of the boundary circle of the reflection surface of the secondary mirror;
adjusting the radius of the second reference circle to make the radius of the second reference circle the same as the radius of the primary mirror reflection circle;
adjusting the secondary mirror to make the reflection circle of the primary mirror coincide with the second reference circle;
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to coincide with the third reference circle;
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the center mark of the primary mirror to coincide with the circle center of the first reference circle;
and adjusting the primary mirror to enable the projection of the secondary mirror fixing support to be overlapped with the cross calibration line.
Further, adjusting the secondary mirror to make the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror coincide with the third reference circle specifically includes:
if the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the auxiliary mirror is not coincident with the left-right direction of the third reference circle, adjusting the left-right turning angle of the auxiliary mirror or the left-right inclination angle of the auxiliary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the auxiliary mirror to be coincident with the left-right direction of the third reference circle;
and if the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror is not vertically overlapped with the third reference circle, adjusting the height of the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to be vertically overlapped with the third reference circle.
Further, obtain the real-time image of eyepiece along eyepiece optical axis direction and show, specifically include:
installing male threads on the ocular port;
connecting a camera provided with female threads with the male threads;
starting a camera to obtain a real-time image of the eyepiece;
and transmitting the real-time image of the ocular to a display device for display.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the calibration method can quickly finish the calibration of the optical axis of the reflection type telescope and has strong operability. The real-time image of the ocular lens is transmitted to the display equipment to be displayed, and the calibration baseline is clearer than that of the traditional calibration method. The calibration method is very convenient to observe, and the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are reversely adjusted by observing the position relation of the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror, the reflecting circle of the primary mirror and the central mark of the primary mirror in the real-time image of the ocular lens relative to the reference circle, so that the optical axis of the reflective telescope is calibrated, and the efficiency is higher than that of the traditional calibration method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calibrating an optical axis of a reflective telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of step S1 in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a detailed flowchart of step S3 in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for calibrating an optical axis of a reflective telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
and S1, acquiring and displaying the real-time image of the ocular lens along the optical axis direction of the ocular lens.
In this embodiment, an automatically zooming camera is used to capture and acquire an eyepiece real-time image in an eyepiece port, and the acquired eyepiece real-time image is transmitted to a display device such as a display screen to be displayed. As shown in fig. 2, the specific steps include:
s11, mounting male threads on the ocular port;
s12, connecting the camera provided with the female thread with the male thread;
s13, opening the camera to obtain the real-time image of the eyepiece;
and S14, transmitting the real-time image of the eyepiece to a display device for display.
In this embodiment, the model of male thread and female thread is M48, adopts threaded connection's mode, makes the camera lens of camera can follow the optical axis direction shooting of eyepiece and acquire the real-time image of eyepiece.
And S2, drawing a reference circle by taking the central point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center of the circle, and drawing a cross calibration line by taking the central point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center.
The eyepiece can be provided with eyepiece center mark on its central point when production, and eyepiece center mark can show at the real-time image of eyepiece, can directly regard as the central point of the real-time image of eyepiece with eyepiece center mark.
The real-time image of the eyepiece is displayed on a display screen of the display equipment, and a reference circle is drawn on the display screen by a software program by taking the central point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center of a circle. The radius of the reference circle is adjustable, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: a first reference circle for enclosing the primary mirror center mark; a second reference circle for enclosing the main mirror reflection circle; and a third reference circle for enclosing said secondary mirror reflector boundary circle; the radii of the first reference circle, the second reference circle and the third reference circle are gradually increased.
And S3, adjusting the secondary mirror and the primary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror, the reflecting circle of the primary mirror and the central mark of the primary mirror in the real-time ocular image to be respectively arranged concentrically with the reference circle, and enabling the projection of the fixed support of the secondary mirror in the real-time ocular image to be overlapped with the cross calibration line. As shown in fig. 3, the method specifically includes:
s31, adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to be observed in the real-time image of the eyepiece;
s32, adjusting the radius of the third reference circle to make the third reference circle surround the boundary circle of the secondary mirror reflection surface as much as possible;
s33, adjusting the secondary mirror to make the primary mirror reflection circle be in the middle of the boundary circle of the secondary mirror reflection surface;
s34, adjusting the radius of the second reference circle to make the radius of the second reference circle approximately the same as that of the primary mirror reflection circle so as to surround the primary mirror reflection circle as much as possible;
s35, adjusting the secondary mirror to make the reflection circle of the primary mirror coincide with the second reference circle;
s36, adjusting the secondary mirror to make the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror coincide with the third reference circle;
s37, adjusting the secondary mirror to make the center mark of the primary mirror coincide with the center of the first reference circle;
and S38, adjusting the primary mirror to enable the projection of the secondary mirror fixing support to be overlapped with the cross calibration line.
And S36, adjusting the secondary mirror to make the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror coincide with the third reference circle, wherein the method specifically comprises the following two conditions:
and S361, if the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror is not coincident with the left and right directions of the third reference circle, adjusting the left and right rotation angles of the secondary mirror or the left and right inclination angles of the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to be coincident with the left and right directions of the third reference circle.
S362, if the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror is not overlapped with the third reference circle in the vertical direction, adjusting the height of the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to be overlapped with the third reference circle in the vertical direction.
The boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror is not coincident with the third reference circle in the lower direction, and cannot be solved by adjusting an elevation angle screw of the secondary mirror. This is the case where the height of the sub-mirror, which is often said to be a problem in optical axis alignment, needs to be adjusted.
In conclusion, the calibration method can quickly finish the calibration of the optical axis of the reflection telescope and has strong operability. The real-time image of the ocular lens is transmitted to the display equipment to be displayed, and the calibration baseline is clearer than that of the traditional calibration method. The calibration method is very convenient to observe, and the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are reversely adjusted by observing the position relation of the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror, the reflecting circle of the primary mirror and the central mark of the primary mirror in the real-time image of the ocular lens relative to the reference circle, so that the optical axis of the reflective telescope is calibrated, and the efficiency is higher than that of the traditional calibration method.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (2)
1. A method for calibrating an optical axis of a reflective telescope, comprising:
acquiring and displaying an eyepiece real-time image along the optical axis direction of the eyepiece;
drawing a reference circle by taking the central point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center of the circle, and drawing a cross calibration line by taking the central point of the real-time image of the eyepiece as the center;
adjusting the auxiliary mirror and the main mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the auxiliary mirror, the reflecting circle of the main mirror and the center mark of the main mirror in the real-time image of the ocular to be respectively concentrically arranged with the reference circle, and enabling the projection of the fixing support of the auxiliary mirror in the real-time image of the ocular to be overlapped with the cross calibration line; wherein,
the radius of the reference circle is adjustable; the reference circle specifically includes: a first reference circle for enclosing the primary mirror center mark; a second reference circle for enclosing the main mirror reflection circle; and a third reference circle for enclosing said secondary mirror reflector boundary circle; the radiuses of the first reference circle, the second reference circle and the third reference circle are gradually increased;
adjusting secondary mirror and primary mirror, making secondary mirror reflector boundary circle, primary mirror reflector circle and primary mirror center mark in the eyepiece real-time image respectively with the reference circle sets up with one heart, makes secondary mirror fixed bolster projection in the eyepiece real-time image with the cross calibration line overlaps, specifically includes:
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to be observed in the real-time image of the ocular lens;
adjusting the radius of the third reference circle to enclose the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror;
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the reflection circle of the primary mirror to be positioned in the middle of the boundary circle of the reflection surface of the secondary mirror;
adjusting the radius of the second reference circle to enclose the primary mirror reflection circle;
adjusting the secondary mirror to make the reflection circle of the primary mirror coincide with the second reference circle;
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to coincide with the third reference circle;
adjusting the secondary mirror to enable the center mark of the primary mirror to coincide with the circle center of the first reference circle;
adjusting the primary mirror to enable the projection of the secondary mirror fixing support to be overlapped with the cross calibration line;
adjusting the secondary mirror to make the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror coincide with the third reference circle specifically includes:
if the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the auxiliary mirror is not coincident with the left-right direction of the third reference circle, adjusting the left-right turning angle of the auxiliary mirror or the left-right inclination angle of the auxiliary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the auxiliary mirror to be coincident with the left-right direction of the third reference circle;
and if the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror is not vertically overlapped with the third reference circle, adjusting the height of the secondary mirror to enable the boundary circle of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror to be vertically overlapped with the third reference circle.
2. The method for calibrating the optical axis of a reflective telescope according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring and displaying of the real-time image of the eyepiece along the optical axis of the eyepiece specifically comprises:
installing male threads on the ocular port;
connecting a camera provided with female threads with the male threads;
starting a camera to obtain a real-time image of the eyepiece;
and transmitting the real-time image of the ocular to a display device for display.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010208704.3A CN111381384B (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Optical axis calibration method for reflective telescope |
| PCT/CN2021/080585 WO2021190330A1 (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2021-03-12 | Optical axis calibration method for reflective telescope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010208704.3A CN111381384B (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Optical axis calibration method for reflective telescope |
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| CN111381384A CN111381384A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| CN111381384B true CN111381384B (en) | 2022-03-29 |
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| WO (1) | WO2021190330A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111381384B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-03-29 | 霍然 | Optical axis calibration method for reflective telescope |
| CN115016089B (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Rapid light path alignment method for split building block reflective wind tunnel schlieren instrument |
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| US6366349B1 (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 2002-04-02 | Lasermax, Inc. | Apparatus for aligning optical elements in response to the display of a reflected reticle image and method of aligning |
| EP2787323A1 (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2014-10-08 | Leica Geosystems AG | Measuring device with function for calibrating a display image position of an electronic reticule |
| CN108196379A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | A kind of optical system through axle light pipe and wear axis method |
| CN111381384B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-03-29 | 霍然 | Optical axis calibration method for reflective telescope |
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2020
- 2020-03-23 CN CN202010208704.3A patent/CN111381384B/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-03-12 WO PCT/CN2021/080585 patent/WO2021190330A1/en active Application Filing
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| US3614238A (en) * | 1968-01-05 | 1971-10-19 | Itek Corp | Bright line reticle apparatus and optical alignment methods |
| CN104977726A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-10-14 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | High-precision main mirror sphere center indicating and tracking device for telescope adjustment |
| CN205581397U (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-09-14 | 昆明美菱光学仪器有限公司 | Calibrating telescope |
| CN205844621U (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-28 | 苏州振旺光电有限公司 | A kind of Newtonian reflector optical axis calibrator eyepiece |
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| CN111381384A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| WO2021190330A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 |
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Effective date of registration: 20221026 Address after: A122, Chuangzhihui Maker Space, 1st Floor, Building A3, Phase 1, Innovation Industrial Park, No. 800, Wangjiang West Road, High tech Zone, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230000 Patentee after: Anhui Chaoxing Education Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 230009 room 2707, building 24, Huafu Junyuan, No. 198, Wangjiang West Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Huo Ran |
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