CN111147230A - Information encryption transmission method between light-weight satellites based on low-earth orbit satellite Internet of things - Google Patents
Information encryption transmission method between light-weight satellites based on low-earth orbit satellite Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN111147230A CN111147230A CN201911414897.1A CN201911414897A CN111147230A CN 111147230 A CN111147230 A CN 111147230A CN 201911414897 A CN201911414897 A CN 201911414897A CN 111147230 A CN111147230 A CN 111147230A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/06—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators
- H04L9/0618—Block ciphers, i.e. encrypting groups of characters of a plain text message using fixed encryption transformation
- H04L9/0631—Substitution permutation network [SPN], i.e. cipher composed of a number of stages or rounds each involving linear and nonlinear transformations, e.g. AES algorithms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18521—Systems of inter linked satellites, i.e. inter satellite service
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Abstract
The invention discloses an information encryption transmission method between light-weight satellites based on a low-orbit satellite Internet of things, which is applied between low-orbit satellites and between a relay station and the low-orbit satellites, wherein a single transmission process comprises a sending end and a receiving end, and mainly comprises the following steps: s1, the sending end obtains the plaintext packet; s2, at the sending end, plaintext blocks execute an encryption algorithm, ciphertext is obtained through multi-round operation of round functions, and the ciphertext is sent to the receiving end; s3: and the receiving end receives the ciphertext, and the ciphertext is subjected to inverse operation of a multi-round function at the receiving end to obtain plaintext blocks so as to finish decryption. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization, high algorithm safety intensity and wide application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information security of space internet, in particular to an information encryption transmission method between light-weight satellites based on a low-orbit satellite internet of things.
Background
With the development of satellite communication, the problem of information security of the satellite internet of things is more and more prominent, and the existing space network security scheme has the problems of lack of consideration on networking security of an interstellar backbone network, lack of bidirectional authentication on nodes of the interstellar backbone network, particularly relay stations, low key management and authentication efficiency, high cryptographic computation complexity and the like.
Scrambling technology is generally required for ensuring confidentiality of satellite communication data in communication security of the satellite internet of things, the scrambling technology is mainly based on encryption of a block cipher algorithm at present, and the block cipher algorithm is used as a basic cipher algorithm and is used for protecting privacy of network communication and preventing sensitive information from being intercepted and leaked; since the first block cipher algorithm standard DES was proposed, through the development of the last forty years, with the support of each international cipher organization, the analysis and design of the block cipher develop rapidly, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) of the United states introduced the AES algorithm to replace the DES algorithm, and subsequently developed countries such as Europe and Japan introduced some block cipher algorithms, and proposed to be used as standards in some important fields, the AES algorithm is widely applied to computer network communication, and its security is widely researched in the international cipher field and generally paid attention to the international society.
Although the current security evaluation result shows that potential safety hazards of the AES algorithm are not found, due to the progress of related technologies such as the Internet of things, people find that the traditional encryption algorithm cannot be widely applied to resource-limited environments, particularly satellites, and pay extensive attention to the design of a lightweight encryption algorithm with less resource consumption and higher implementation efficiency in order to solve the problem of higher password computation complexity of the existing space network security scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
To the deficiency of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present patent application is: how to provide an information encryption transmission method based on low earth orbit satellite internet of things light-weight inter-satellite, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization, high algorithm safety intensity and wide application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for encrypting and transmitting information between light-weight satellites of an Internet of things based on a low-earth orbit satellite is applied to the low-earth orbit satellite and the relay station and the low-earth orbit satellite, a single transmission process comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, the sending end obtains the plaintext packet;
s2, at the sending end, plaintext blocks execute an encryption algorithm, ciphertext is obtained through multi-round operation of round functions, and the ciphertext is sent to the receiving end;
s3: and the receiving end receives the ciphertext, and the ciphertext is subjected to inverse operation of a multi-round function at the receiving end to obtain plaintext blocks so as to finish decryption.
Preferably, the specific operation steps from step S1 to step S3 are as follows:
a1: the transmitting end executes a cipher expansion algorithm, and the main keys K of 128, 192 and 256 bits are used(128)、K(192)And K(256)Expanding a whitening key RK required to generate a round function0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16；
A2: the sending end combines the plaintext packet P with the whitening secret key RK of 256bit0XOR to X0；
A3, performing round function operation on the result obtained in the step A2, wherein the round function comprises a nonlinear transformation S box substitution SB, a linear transformation LT and a round key XOR operation AK;
a4, the sending end generates a ciphertext C, wherein C is X16；
A5, the receiving end executes the cipher expansion algorithm, and the 128, 192 and 256 bits of master key K(128)、K(192)And K(256)Expanding a whitening key RK required to generate a round function0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16；
A6 the receiving end receives the ciphertext C and the 16 th round key RK16XOR to obtain X0′；
A7 performing round function inverse operation on the step A6, wherein the round function inverse operation comprises an inverse operation SB of S-box replacement of nonlinear transformation-1Linear transformation inverse operation LT-1And inversion of round key XOR operation AK-1；
A8, the receiving end decrypts to obtain the plaintext P, where P is X16。
Optimally, the round numbers of round function operation in the encryption stage and round function inverse operation in the decryption stage are 16 rounds.
Optimally, in steps A1 and A5, the step of executing the cryptographic expansion algorithm comprises
B1, transforming the master key into a seed key SK of 256 bits;
b2 expanding the seed key SK to generate a whitening key RK using a non-linear feedback shift register structure0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16。
Preferably, in step B1, when performing the seed key change, the following formula is adopted:
optimized, step B2, in generating the whitening key RK0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16In time, the 256-bit seed key SK is divided into 8 32-bit words, which are recorded as SK → (k)-4,k-3,k-2,k-1,k0,k1,k2,k3). From the arithmetic round number length 16, k is generated in the following manneri：
Optimally, in the steps A2-A4, for the plaintext block P, the encryption algorithm obtains the ciphertext C as follows:
Xi＝AKoLToSB(Xi-1),i＝1,...Nr
C＝X16
wherein RK0For whitening keys, RK1、RK2、…、RK16For round keys, each round key is 256 bits and is generated by a main password through a key expansion algorithm. The input of the ith wheel is Xi-1The state values after SB, LT and AK are respectively marked as Yi-1，Wi-1And XiNamely:
Yi-1＝SB(Xi-1)
Wi-1＝LT(Yi-1)
Xi＝AK(Wi-1)。
optimally, in the steps A6-A8, the operation of decrypting to obtain the plaintext P is as follows:
Xi＝AK-1oLT-1oSB-1(Xi-1)，i＝1，...，16
P＝X16
let pass through inverse operation LT-1、SB-1And AK-1The latter state values are respectively recorded as Yi-1，Wi-1And XiNamely:
Yi-1＝LT-1(Xi-1)
Wi-1＝SB-1(Yi-1)
Xi＝AK-1(Wi-1)。
has the advantages that:
(1) according to the method for designing the lightweight satellite password of the low earth orbit satellite Internet of things, the algorithm overall structure adopts an SPN structure, the structure comprises a confusion layer and a diffusion layer, wherein the confusion layer is replaced by a nonlinear S box, and the diffusion layer is a reversible linear transformation group. The structure constructs a round function by using the confusion layer and the diffusion layer, and iterates the round function for multiple times, thereby enhancing the confusion and the diffusivity of the password and further complicating the dependency relationship between the output and the input of the password.
(2) According to the method for designing the lightweight satellite password of the low-orbit satellite Internet of things, two layers of P displacement are used for realizing rapid linear diffusion in the aspect of a diffusion layer. The combination of two layers of P-substitution enhances the linear diffusion strength of the algorithm. The selection of P permutation parameters comprehensively considers the number of XOR terms, the shift spacing and the inverse permutation P-1Number of terms, etc.
(3) According to the method for designing the lightweight satellite password of the low earth orbit satellite Internet of things, a key generation algorithm adopts a word-based nonlinear feedback shift register. Non-linearThe linear feedback function is replaced by exclusive OR of tap terms, a non-linear function S-box and a linear permutation P0The method and the device can effectively resist the related key attack.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a step diagram of an information encryption transmission method between light-weight satellites of the internet of things based on a low earth orbit satellite disclosed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a round function operation frame of the information encryption transmission method based on the internet of things light-weight satellites of the low earth orbit satellite in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a method for encrypting and transmitting information between light-weight satellites of the internet of things based on a low-earth orbit satellite is applied between low-earth orbit satellites and between a relay station and the low-earth orbit satellite, wherein a single transmission process comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, and mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, the sending end obtains the plaintext packet;
s2, at the sending end, plaintext blocks execute an encryption algorithm, ciphertext is obtained through multi-round operation of round functions, and the ciphertext is sent to the receiving end;
s3: and the receiving end receives the ciphertext, and the ciphertext is subjected to inverse operation of a multi-round function at the receiving end to obtain plaintext blocks so as to finish decryption.
In this embodiment, the specific operation steps from step S1 to step S3 are as follows:
a1: the transmitting end executes a cipher expansion algorithm, and the main keys K of 128, 192 and 256 bits are used(128)、K(192)And K(256)Expanding a whitening key RK required to generate a round function0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16；
A2: the sending end combines the plaintext packet P with the whitening secret key RK of 256bit0XOR to X0；
A3, performing round function operation on the result obtained in the step A2, wherein the round function comprises a nonlinear transformation S box substitution SB, a linear transformation LT and a round key XOR operation AK;
a4, the sending end generates a ciphertext C, wherein C is X16；
A5, the receiving end executes the cipher expansion algorithm, and the 128, 192 and 256 bits of master key K(128)、K(192)And K(256)Expanding a whitening key RK required to generate a round function0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16；
A6 the receiving end receives the ciphertext C and the 16 th round key RK16XOR to obtain X0′；
A7 performing round function inverse operation on the step A6, wherein the round function inverse operation comprises an inverse operation SB of S-box replacement of nonlinear transformation-1Linear transformation inverse operation LT-1And inversion of round key XOR operation AK-1；
A8, the receiving end decrypts to obtain the plaintext P, where P is X16。
In this embodiment, the number of rounds of round function operations performed in the encryption stage and the number of rounds of round function inverse operations performed in the decryption stage are all 16 rounds.
In this embodiment, in steps A1 and A5, the step of executing the cryptographic expansion algorithm comprises
B1, transforming the master key into a seed key SK of 256 bits;
b2 expanding the seed key SK to generate a whitening key RK using a non-linear feedback shift register structure0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16。
In this embodiment, in step B1, when changing the seed key, the following formula is adopted:
in this embodiment, in step B2, the whitening key RK is generated0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16Then, divide 256bit seed key SK into 8 words of 32bitNotation SK → (k)-4,k-3,k-2,k-1,k0,k1,k2,k3). From the arithmetic round number length 16, k is generated in the following manneri：
Optimally, in the steps A2-A4, for the plaintext block P, the encryption algorithm obtains the ciphertext C as follows:
Xi＝AKoLToSB(Xi-1),i＝1,...Nr
C＝X16
wherein RK0For whitening keys, RK1、RK2、…、RK16For round keys, each round key is 256 bits and is generated by a main password through a key expansion algorithm. The input of the ith wheel is Xi-1The state values after SB, LT and AK are respectively marked as Yi-1，Wi-1And XiNamely:
Yi-1＝SB(Xi-1)
Wi-1＝LT(Yi-1)
Xi＝AK(Wi-1)。
in this embodiment, in the steps a6-A8, the operation of decrypting to obtain the plaintext P is as follows:
Xi＝AK-10LT-1oSB-1(Xi-1),i＝1,...，16
P＝X16
let pass through inverse operation LT-1、SB-1And AK-1The latter state values are respectively recorded as Yi-1，Wi-1And XiNamely:
Yi-1＝LT-1(Xi-1)
Wi-1＝SB-1(Yi-1)
Xi＝AK-1(Wi-1)。
has the advantages that:
(1) according to the method for designing the lightweight satellite password of the low earth orbit satellite Internet of things, the algorithm overall structure adopts an SPN structure, the structure comprises a confusion layer and a diffusion layer, wherein the confusion layer is replaced by a nonlinear S box, and the diffusion layer is a reversible linear transformation group. The structure constructs a round function by using the confusion layer and the diffusion layer, and iterates the round function for multiple times, thereby enhancing the confusion and the diffusivity of the password and further complicating the dependency relationship between the output and the input of the password.
(2) According to the method for designing the lightweight satellite password of the low-orbit satellite Internet of things, two layers of P displacement are used for realizing rapid linear diffusion in the aspect of a diffusion layer. The combination of two layers of P-substitution enhances the linear diffusion strength of the algorithm. The selection of P permutation parameters comprehensively considers the number of XOR terms, the shift spacing and the inverse permutation P-1Number of terms, etc.
(3) According to the method for designing the lightweight satellite password of the low earth orbit satellite Internet of things, a key generation algorithm adopts a word-based nonlinear feedback shift register. The nonlinear feedback function is replaced by exclusive OR of tap terms, nonlinear function S-box and linear permutation P0The method and the device can effectively resist the related key attack.
Aiming at the problems of high password calculation complexity and the like of the existing space network security scheme, the scheme provides a lightweight satellite password design method, the algorithm adopts a substitution network (SPN) structure, a confusion layer is realized by nonlinear S box replacement, and a domain is adopted
Constructing an S box by the modular inverse operation so as to obtain good differential and linear distribution; the diffusion layer is realized by reversible linear transformation grouping, and fast linear diffusion is realized by using two layers of P replacement, wherein the first layer of P replacementChanging P0Acting on each 64-bit word, breaking the byte structure in the state, so that the algorithm can resist integral attacks, collision attacks, middle encounter attacks and other integral attacks based on byte attributes; second layer P replaces P1Acting on the entire 256bit state. The combination of the S box and the P replacement enables the algorithm to resist cryptographic attack methods such as differential attack, linear attack and impossible differential attack, reduces the complexity of cryptographic calculation and improves the security of the low-orbit satellite internet-of-things communication.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for encrypting and transmitting information between light-weight satellites based on a low-earth orbit satellite Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is applied between low-orbit satellites and between a relay station and the low-orbit satellites, and a single transmission process comprises a sending end and a receiving end and mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, the sending end obtains the plaintext packet;
s2, at the sending end, plaintext blocks execute an encryption algorithm, ciphertext is obtained through multi-round operation of round functions, and the ciphertext is sent to the receiving end;
s3: and the receiving end receives the ciphertext, and the ciphertext is subjected to inverse operation of a multi-round function at the receiving end to obtain plaintext blocks so as to finish decryption.
2. The method for encrypting and transmitting the information between the low earth orbit satellite internet of things (IOT) light-weight satellites as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps from step S1 to step S3 are as follows:
a1: the transmitting end executes a cipher expansion algorithm, and the main keys K of 128, 192 and 256 bits are used(128)、K(192)And K(256)Expanding a whitening key RK required to generate a round function0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16；
A2: the sending end combines the plaintext packet P with the whitening secret key RK of 256bit0XOR to X0；
A3, performing round function operation on the result obtained in the step A2, wherein the round function comprises a nonlinear transformation S box substitution SB, a linear transformation LT and a round key XOR operation AK;
a4, the sending end generates a ciphertext C, wherein C is X16；
A5, the receiving end executes the cipher expansion algorithm, and the 128, 192 and 256 bits of master key K(128)、K(192)And K(256)Expanding a whitening key RK required to generate a round function0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16；
A6 the receiving end receives the ciphertext C and the 16 th round key RK16XOR to obtain X0′；
A7 performing round function inverse operation on the step A6, wherein the round function inverse operation comprises an inverse operation SB of S-box replacement of nonlinear transformation-1Linear transformation inverse operation LT-1And inversion of round key XOR operation AK-1；
A8, the receiving end decrypts to obtain the plaintext P, where P is X16。
3. The method for encrypting and transmitting the information between the low-earth-orbit satellite internet of things and the light-weight satellites based on the low-earth-orbit satellite internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of rounds of round function operation in the encryption stage and round function inverse operation in the decryption stage are 16 rounds.
4. The method for the encrypted transmission of the information between the light-weight satellites based on the low earth orbit satellite internet of things of claim 2, wherein in the steps A1 and A5, the step of executing the password expansion algorithm comprises
B1, transforming the master key into a seed key SK of 256 bits;
b2 expanding the seed key SK to generate a whitening key RK using a non-linear feedback shift register structure0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16。
5. The method for encrypting and transmitting the information between the low-earth-orbit satellite internet of things and the light-weight satellites according to claim 4, wherein in the step B1, when the seed key is changed, the following formula is adopted:
6. the method for the encrypted transmission of the information between the light-weight satellites based on the low earth orbit satellite internet of things (IOT) of claim 5, wherein in the step B2, the whitening key RK is generated0And round key RK1、RK2、…、RK16In time, the 256-bit seed key SK is divided into 8 32-bit words, which are recorded as SK → (k)-4,k-3,k-2,k-1,k0,k1,k2,k3). From the arithmetic round number length 16, k is generated in the following manneri：
7. The method for transmitting the information among the light-weight satellites in the internet of things based on the low earth orbit satellite according to claim 6, wherein in the steps A2-A4, for a plaintext block P, the encryption algorithm obtains a ciphertext C as follows:
Xi＝AKoLToSB(Xi-1),i＝1,...Nr
C＝X16
wherein RK0For whitening keys, RK1、RK2、…、RK16For round keys, each round key is 256 bits and is generated by a main password through a key expansion algorithm. Ith wheelIs Xi-1The state values after SB, LT and AK are respectively marked as Yi-1，Wi-1And XiNamely:
Yi-1＝SB(Xi-1)
Wi-1＝LT(Yi-1)
Xi＝AK(Wi-1)。
8. the method for encrypting and transmitting the information between the light-weight satellites based on the low earth orbit satellite internet of things according to claim 7, wherein in the step A6-A8, the operation of decrypting to obtain the plaintext P is as follows:
Xi＝AK-1oLT-1oSB-1(Xi-1)，i＝1，...，16
P＝X16
let pass through inverse operation LT-1、SB-1And AK-1The latter state values are respectively recorded as Yi-1，Wi-1And XiNamely:
Yi-1＝LT-1(Xi-1)
Wi-1＝SB-1(Yi-1)
Xi＝AK-1(Wi-1)。
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| CN116015620A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-04-25 | 自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用中心 | Satellite image data encryption and decryption method and system |
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Application publication date: 20200512 |