CN110690833A - Design method of solar thermoelectric power generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction - Google Patents
Design method of solar thermoelectric power generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110690833A CN110690833A CN201911046688.6A CN201911046688A CN110690833A CN 110690833 A CN110690833 A CN 110690833A CN 201911046688 A CN201911046688 A CN 201911046688A CN 110690833 A CN110690833 A CN 110690833A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910002899 Bi2Te3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001424392 Lucia limbaria Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a solar thermoelectric power generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: using copper sheet to mix P-type and N-type Bi2Te3Thermocouples formed by small crystal blocks are connected in series; coating a layer of insulating heat-conducting glue on the pure aluminum sheet, and then attaching the pure aluminum sheet to the upper surface and the lower surface of the thermocouple pair to form a thermoelectric power generation structure integrating a plurality of pairs of thermocouples; step two: the ultrathin heat pipes are arranged below the rectangular photovoltaic cell panel at equal intervals; step three: the temperature difference power generation structure is respectively in close contact with the upper side and the lower side of the condensation end of the heat pipe, and the two temperature difference power generation structures are connected in series; the lower side of the evaporation end of the heat pipe is covered with a layer of heat insulation cotton; step four: a boost chip and a buck chip of the DC-DC are used for designing a circuit to convert the photovoltaic voltage and the temperature difference voltage to the same 1.8V output respectively. The invention improves the utilization rate of solar energy and prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar power generation, and relates to a design method of a photovoltaic cell and thermoelectric cell integrated structure based on heat pipe heat transfer.
Background
The solar cell can absorb about 80% of solar radiation irradiated on the surface of the solar cell, only 10-20% of the solar radiation is converted into electric energy according to different photovoltaic materials and technologies, and the rest energy is completely converted into heat. In hot sunny days in summer, the solar panel can even be about 40 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature. In the use process of the solar cell, the temperature of the solar cell panel is increased due to continuous illumination, so that the transport characteristic of carriers in a semiconductor is deteriorated, the open-circuit voltage is reduced, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell is reduced, and in order to obtain more electric energy output, only the area of the solar cell panel is increased, so that the miniaturization and light-weight design of the solar cell are seriously hindered, and the application of the solar power generation technology in the microminiature field is limited. In addition, if the solar panel is at a high temperature for a long time or the heat loss is not uniform, the service life of the solar cell can be greatly shortened.
Bi2Te3Is the most common thermoelectric material with the highest thermoelectric figure of merit at normal temperature. The thermoelectric power generation technology based on the Seebeck effect consumes heat energy to generate electric energy, and has the characteristics of safety, no pollution, simple structure, long service life and the like, and the application prospect is very wide. Combine together photovoltaic power generation and thermoelectric generation, use the hot junction that the used heat on the heat pipe shifts the photovoltaic cell board to the thermoelectric generation structure, can reduce the panel temperature that risees because of lasting illumination on the one hand to guarantee that the performance of panel is in a higher level and improve the battery life-span all the time, on the other hand can produce extra thermoelectric output, produces more electric energy, improves the utilization ratio of solar energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a design method of a solar thermoelectric power generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction, aiming at solving the problems of low solar energy utilization rate, thermal management of a photovoltaic cell and the like in the traditional photovoltaic power generation.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a design method of a solar thermoelectric power generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: using P-type and N-type Bi2Te3The small crystal blocks form a plurality of pairs of thermocouples; the thermocouple pairs are connected in series by utilizing copper sheets, and the types of crystal blocks on the adjacent copper sheets are different; coating a layer of insulating heat-conducting glue on the pure aluminum sheet, and then attaching the pure aluminum sheet to the upper surface and the lower surface of the thermocouple pair to form a thermoelectric power generation structure integrating a plurality of pairs of thermocouples;
step two: the ultrathin heat pipes are arranged under the rectangular photovoltaic cell panel at equal intervals, and the size and the layout of the heat pipes are adjusted according to the size of a photovoltaic cell and a temperature difference power generation structure in the system;
step three: two identical temperature difference power generation structures are respectively in close contact with the upper side and the lower side of the condensation end of the heat pipe, the heat pipe and the temperature difference power generation structures are connected by heat conduction glue, and the two temperature difference power generation structures are connected in series; the lower side of the evaporation end of the heat pipe is covered with a layer of heat insulation cotton;
step four: a boost chip and a buck chip of the DC-DC are used for designing a circuit to convert the photovoltaic voltage and the temperature difference voltage to the same 1.8V output respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, by utilizing the excellent heat transfer capacity and isothermal characteristic of the heat pipe, the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell due to continuous illumination is transferred to the thermoelectric cell and is used for generating electricity, so that the photovoltaic cell is uniformly cooled, and the output of the thermoelectric cell is increased, thereby improving the utilization rate of solar energy and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric power generation structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a solar thermoelectric generation system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output switching circuit;
FIG. 4 is the temperature of the upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic cell at different light intensities in example 1;
FIG. 5 shows the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cells at different light intensities in example 1;
FIG. 6 is the temperature of the upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic cell at different light intensities in example 2;
fig. 7 shows the total conversion efficiency of the photo-solar thermoelectric generation system in example 2 under different light intensities.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a design method of a solar thermoelectric power generation system based on heat pipe heat transfer, which comprises the following concrete implementation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of small copper sheets are arranged on the aluminum plate coated with a layer of insulating heat-conducting glue at equal intervals, and a pair of (P type and N type) Bi is placed on each small copper sheet2Te3Boule of Bi2Te3The size of the crystal blocks is 1.4mm multiplied by 1.6mm, and the crystal blocks of different types on the adjacent copper sheets are also connected by conductive copper sheets, namely, all thermocouples are connected in series, and the copper sheets are connected with Bi2Te3The crystal blocks are connected by conductive silver paste, the connection is stable after the silver paste is solidified, and finally the anode and the cathode of the integrated thermoelectric generation structure are led out, wherein a lead is welded on a copper sheet connected with the thermoelectric crystal blocks, so that the thermoelectric generation structure integrating a plurality of pairs of thermocouples is formed (figure 1).
Step two: 6 ultrathin red copper heat pipes with the length of 60mm, the width of 9mm and the thickness of 1mm are arranged under a rectangular photovoltaic cell panel at equal intervals, the length of an evaporation end of each heat pipe is 36mm (equal to the width of a photovoltaic cell), the interval between adjacent heat pipes under the arrangement is 1.83mm, the distance between the two heat pipes closest to the edge of the photovoltaic cell panel and the edge of the cell panel is 0.92mm, and the arrangement is favorable for uniformly absorbing the heat of the cell.
Step three: two same integrated thermoelectric generation structures are respectively attached to the upper side and the lower side of a condensation section of an ultrathin red copper heat pipe, the cold end of the thermoelectric generation structure is in close contact with the flat surface of the heat pipe, a thin heat-conducting glue layer is coated at the contact position of the heat pipe and the hot end surface of a thermoelectric cell, a thin heat-conducting glue layer is also arranged at the contact position of a photovoltaic cell and the heat pipe, a heat-insulating material (heat-insulating cotton) is tightly covered on the evaporation part of the heat pipe to reduce heat dissipation caused by convection between the heat pipe and outside air in the working process, the anode of the lower thermoelectric generation structure is connected with the cathode of the upper thermoelectric generation structure and is connected in series to increase thermoelectric output, and the schematic diagram of the solar thermoelectric generation system is shown in figure 2.
Step four: an output conversion circuit (figure 3) of the solar thermoelectric power generation system is designed by using a voltage reduction chip with the model of TPS62202DBV and a voltage boost chip with the model of TPS61200DRCR, so that the outputs of the voltage reduction chip and the voltage boost chip are stabilized at the common voltage of 1.8V.
Step five: and testing and calculating the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the designed system under different illumination intensities.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, the design method of the solar thermoelectric generation system based on heat pipe heat transfer is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: arranging small copper sheets with the size of 3.95mm multiplied by 1.5mm multiplied by 0.4mm on an aluminum plate coated with a layer of insulating heat-conducting glue at equal intervals for 12 rows, placing 12 rows of copper sheets on each row, and placing a pair of (P type and N type) Bi on each small copper sheet2Te3Boule of Bi2Te3The size of the crystal blocks is 1.4mm multiplied by 1.6mm, and the crystal blocks of different types on the adjacent copper sheets are also connected by conductive copper sheets, namely, all thermocouples are connected in series, and the copper sheets are connected with Bi2Te3The crystal blocks are connected by conductive silver paste, all thermocouples are connected in series, and then the positive and negative electrodes of the integrated thermoelectric generation structure are led out, wherein a lead is welded on a copper sheet connected with the thermoelectric crystal blocks.
Step two: the solar thermoelectric power generation system uses photovoltaic cells with the area of 65mm multiplied by 36mm, the surface is smooth, the cold end and the hot end of the designed thermoelectric power generation structure are pure aluminum thin plates with the length and the width of 64mm and 25mm respectively, in consideration of the size of the designed system structure and the specification of the used photovoltaic cells, 6 ultrathin red copper heat pipes with the length of 60mm, the width of 9mm and the thickness of 1mm are arranged under a rectangular photovoltaic cell panel at equal intervals, the length of the evaporation end of each heat pipe is 36mm (equal to the width of the photovoltaic cell), the interval between the adjacent heat pipes under the layout is 1.83mm, the distance between the two heat pipes closest to the edge of the photovoltaic cell panel and the edge of the cell panel is 0.92mm, and the layout is favorable for uniformly absorbing the heat of the cells.
Step three: two same integrated thermoelectric generation structures are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of a condensation section of the ultrathin red copper heat pipe, the cold end of the thermoelectric generation structure is in close contact with the flat surface of the heat pipe, the heat pipe transfers body heat of a photovoltaic cell to the condensation section to be released during operation, a thin heat-conducting adhesive layer is coated on the contact part of the heat pipe and the hot end surface of the thermoelectric cell, a thin heat-conducting adhesive layer is also arranged on the contact part of the photovoltaic cell and the heat pipe, a heat-insulating material (heat-insulating cotton) is tightly covered on an evaporation part of the heat pipe to reduce heat loss caused by convection between the heat pipe and outside air in the working process, the anode of the thermoelectric generation structure on the lower layer is connected with the cathode of the thermoelectric generation structure on the upper layer and is connected in series to increase electric output, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the condensing part.
Step four: the output of the photovoltaic cell is stabilized at 1.8V through a voltage reduction circuit, a DC-DC chip with the model of TPS62202DBV is used, and the designed voltage reduction circuit can convert 2.5-6.0V direct current voltage to 1.8V fixed value. The voltage range of the thermoelectric cell is 0.3-0.6V within the temperature difference range of 10-20 ℃, and the output of the thermoelectric cell can be stabilized at 1.8V through the booster circuit. Designing a booster circuit by using a DC-DC chip with the model number TPS61200DRCR, wherein the output of the booster circuit and a resistor R1And R2Is related in magnitude, its output VoutCan be expressed as
Here R is selected1And R2Resistances of 26.1k omega and 10k omega, respectively.
Step five: the system is arranged at 95.6W/m2、134.6W/m2、175.4W/m2、223.2W/m2、266.2W/m2The irradiation time of the solar cell is 30min under 5 different light intensities, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the temperatures of the upper surface and the lower surface of the photovoltaic cell in the system are tested (fig. 4 and 5).
Example 2:
the difference between this example and example 1 is that the total photoelectric conversion efficiency and the upper and lower surface temperatures of the photovoltaic cell of the whole solar thermoelectric generation system are tested in step five, and the results are shown in fig. 6 and 7. The other steps were the same as in example 1.
The test results show that compared with independent photovoltaic cells, the total efficiency of the solar thermoelectric power generation system designed by the invention is respectively 1.39%, 1.22%, 1.03%, 0.93% and 1.01%, and the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the photovoltaic cell in the structure are respectively reduced by 7-10.7 ℃ and 8.6-12.4 ℃ compared with the independent photovoltaic cell. From this it can be concluded that: the solar thermoelectric power generation system plays an important role in improving the utilization rate of solar energy and reducing photovoltaic cells.
Claims (5)
1. A design method of a solar thermoelectric power generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: using P-type and N-type Bi2Te3The small crystal blocks form a plurality of pairs of thermocouples; the thermocouple pairs are connected in series by using copper sheets; coating a layer of insulating heat-conducting glue on the pure aluminum sheet, and then attaching the pure aluminum sheet to the upper surface and the lower surface of the thermocouple pair to form a thermoelectric power generation structure integrating a plurality of pairs of thermocouples;
step two: the ultrathin heat pipes are arranged under the rectangular photovoltaic cell panel at equal intervals, and the size and the layout of the heat pipes are adjusted according to the size of a photovoltaic cell and a temperature difference power generation structure in the system;
step three: two identical temperature difference power generation structures are respectively in close contact with the upper side and the lower side of the condensation end of the heat pipe, and the two temperature difference power generation structures are connected in series; the lower side of the evaporation end of the heat pipe is covered with a layer of heat insulation cotton;
step four: a boost chip and a buck chip of the DC-DC are used for designing a circuit to convert the photovoltaic voltage and the temperature difference voltage to the same 1.8V output respectively.
2. The design method of the solar thermoelectric generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction according to claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric generation structure has different types of crystal blocks on adjacent copper sheets.
3. The design method of the solar thermoelectric generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction according to claim 1, wherein the copper sheet and Bi are mixed2Te3The crystal blocks are connected by conductive silver paste.
4. The design method of the solar energy temperature difference power generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction according to claim 1, wherein the heat pipe is connected with the temperature difference power generation structure by heat conduction glue.
5. The design method of the solar thermoelectric generation system based on heat pipe heat conduction according to claim 1, wherein the model of the voltage reduction chip is TPS62202DBV, and the model of the voltage boost chip is TPS61200 DRCR.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111356346A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Heat dissipation structure and display device |
| CN111682832A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-18 | 江苏大学 | Photovoltaic temperature difference combined power generation device based on micro-heating tube plate and W-shaped fins |
| CN112636633A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-04-09 | 国家电投集团贵州金元威宁能源股份有限公司 | Solar power generation device based on split type heat pipe |
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| CN102739115A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-17 | 华北电力大学 | Power generating system utilizing internal and external environmental temperature difference of building |
| CN103532439A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-22 | 北京理工大学 | Dual-form thermoelectric power generation device |
| CN108800605A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of solar energy heat collection pipe and thermo-electric generation system |
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- 2019-10-30 CN CN201911046688.6A patent/CN110690833A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102739115A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-17 | 华北电力大学 | Power generating system utilizing internal and external environmental temperature difference of building |
| CN103532439A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-22 | 北京理工大学 | Dual-form thermoelectric power generation device |
| CN108800605A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of solar energy heat collection pipe and thermo-electric generation system |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111356346A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Heat dissipation structure and display device |
| CN111682832A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-18 | 江苏大学 | Photovoltaic temperature difference combined power generation device based on micro-heating tube plate and W-shaped fins |
| CN112636633A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-04-09 | 国家电投集团贵州金元威宁能源股份有限公司 | Solar power generation device based on split type heat pipe |
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