CN110646568A - Feed palatability screening method based on animal group behaviors - Google Patents
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
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- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed palatability screening method based on animal group behaviors, which comprises the following steps: 1) setting an experimental animal feeding ring; 2) selecting a feed; 3) and (6) data processing. The method of the invention is that the animal selects the feed by itself, and the accuracy is higher and is more consistent with the real situation. The method of the invention obtains the preference of the animal groups to the feed by processing the frequency of the animal groups which move by themselves and appear near the feed, so that the finally obtained result is more accurate. The method of the invention can be applied to screening of feed preferences of various animals, and can provide a better feed production and feed selection scheme for feed producers and animal breeders.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed screening, and particularly relates to a feed palatability screening method based on animal group behaviors.
Background
The flavor of the feed mainly comprises two aspects of taste and aroma. The flavor of the feed is closely related to the palatability of the feed, and the feed intake and the production performance of the fed animals are directly influenced. The preference of feeding animals is not separated from the flavor of the feed. Generally, animals recognize the nature of food primarily by using sense of smell and taste, thereby regulating appetite and controlling food intake. For example, pigs are sensitive to smell and taste and are not generally susceptible to being refueled after identifying a certain flavor of feed. Because the olfactory research of animals is a complex process, it is generally difficult to directly acquire olfactory expression information of fed animals.
At present, the flavor of the feed is indirectly confirmed by mainly considering food flavor research technologies, such as technologies based on an electronic nose, SPME-GC-MS, GC-O, an electronic tongue, HPLC and the like to detect and analyze the smell and taste of the feed. The Wangxanhao et al carries out flavor detection and analysis on 8 pig feed samples in the same feed factory based on an independently researched and developed electronic nose system, and intelligent analysis on the feed flavor is realized by processing flavor volatile matter detection information, so that the result is helpful for an enterprise to improve feed products according to the feed flavor analysis result and the preference condition of pigs to the feed flavor. (Wangxinghao, Chendanni, Huikouhua. analysis of pig feed flavor based on electronic nose System [ J ]. J. Chinese livestock raising J, 48(10): 63-66.). Although the electronic nose technology can be used for intelligent analysis of the flavor of the feed, the input cost of the instrument is high, the detection information needs to be deeply analyzed, and the feed preference of certain animals cannot be identified.
In addition, CN107741477A discloses a detect device and method of VOC smell intensity grade and smell concentration grade, through selecting animals to replace the distinguishing person and regard as VOC smell evaluation subject, regard the action signal that the animal produced under the stimulation of VOC smell as the basis of measuring and judging standard, through establishing the mathematical model between smell intensity or smell concentration and the animal action signal, realize detecting VOC smell intensity grade and smell concentration grade. Although the method can realize the judgment of the concentration level of the odor to be detected, the method is mainly used for detecting unpleasant odor such as irritation relative to animals, complex model operation analysis needs to be carried out on animal motion behaviors, and the method cannot realize visual and rapid identification on various different feed flavors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feed palatability screening method based on animal group behaviors, wherein the feed is selected completely according to the self selection of animal groups, and the screened feed is easier to accord with the taste of animals and has higher accuracy.
The invention relates to a feed palatability screening method based on animal group behaviors, which comprises the following steps:
1) setting of the experimental animal feeding pen: animal feeding pens are arranged according to the number of the types of experimental feeds and the sizes of animal body types, so that the distance between an animal and each feed is basically equal when an experiment starts; ensuring that the distance between the feed and the feed is large enough to ensure that it can be determined in which feed zone the animal is eating or staying upright, eliminating the effect of the distance space on eating or staying upright between different animals;
2) selecting feeds: fixing the positioner on an animal, feeding part of food to the animal before testing, and then enabling the herds of animals to enter the animal breeding pen from the feeding pen inlet in sequence to perform a feed selection experiment; after the experiment is finished, acquiring position point cloud pictures of all animals in the experiment process;
3) data processing: combining the position point cloud pictures of all animals, then dividing a feed selection area to obtain the position point cloud pictures of the feed area, judging the density of the position points of the feed area or calculating the number of the position points of the feed area to obtain the optimum feed type of the animal.
In the step 1), drawing an arc in the animal feeding pen by taking the central point of an inlet as an origin according to the variety number and animal body type parameters of experimental feed to be screened; then according to the type of the feed, selecting a feed placing point on the circular arc, wherein the straight line distance between the feed and the feed is 10 times larger than the average body length of the animals, and the distance between the feed points at two ends and the boundary of the feeding ring is 5 times larger than the average body length of the animals.
In the step 2), the localizers are uniformly fixed on the same part of the animal body, preferably the neck or forelimb; the positioner is a micro positioner, the micro positioner also comprises a singlechip which is matched with the positioner for use, and the singlechip is connected with the micro positioner through a wireless network; the micro positioner collects position information every 10-30 s.
In the step 2), feeding half of the normal feeding amount in normal times before animal experiments; the experimental time is 1-1.5 h; the number of the animals in the herd is 15-50.
The step 3) specifically comprises the following steps:
3.1 merging the obtained point cloud pictures of all the animal positions to obtain point cloud pictures of all the animal groups;
3.2 in the step 3.1, the position cloud point of the animal population circles out a region which is less than or equal to 5 times of the average animal body length away from the feed, and if the density of the position point of one feed region is obviously better than that of other regions, the feed is the most suitable feed;
if the density difference of the position points of a plurality of feed areas is not obvious, calculating the number of the position points of each feed area, and judging the optimal feed under the following 2 conditions:
if the number of the position points of a certain feed area is more than 2 percent of the total number of the position points of any other feed area, the feed is the most suitable feed;
secondly, if the number of points in certain areas is equal, the feeds are all the most suitable feeds; or if the number of the position points of a certain area is similar, calculating the difference of the several areas, if the difference of the area with the most number points is within 2% of the total number of the position points, marking the several areas as the optimum feed, and if not, counting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the method of the invention is that the animal selects the feed by itself, and the accuracy is higher and is more consistent with the real situation. 2) The method of the invention obtains the preference of the animal groups to the feed by processing the frequency of the animal groups which move by themselves and appear near the feed, so that the finally obtained result is more accurate. 3) The method of the invention can be applied to screening of feed preferences of various animals, and can provide a better feed production and feed selection scheme for feed producers and animal breeders.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout of a piglet farm in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cloud point map of a certain piglet position in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a cloud point view of the positions of the piglet group in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a layout view of a water duck feeding pen in the embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a cloud point diagram of the position of a water duck in embodiment 2;
fig. 6 is a cloud point diagram of the positions of the duck groups in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The animals are three-way hybrid piglets, the average length of the animals is 0.5m, the average weight of the animals is 10kg, and the number of the groups is 20.
The formula of the feed A is as follows: 58% of corn, 2% of wheat bran, 5% of whey powder, 22% of bean powder, 7% of fish meal (import), 2% of vegetable oil and 4% of premix;
the formula of the feed B is as follows: 60% of corn, 4% of wheat bran, 3.5% of whey powder, 22% of bean powder, 6% of fish meal (import), 0.5% of vegetable oil and 4% of premix;
the formula of the feed C is as follows: 57.5% of corn, 25% of soybean meal and 5% of fish meal (imported); 2.7% of yeast powder, 0.5% of salt, 3% of whey powder, 1.5% of organic acid, 2% of oil, 0.5% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5% of stone powder and 2% of premix.
1) Setting of the experimental animal feeding pen: in the animal feeding pen, a circular arc with the radius r of 8m and the central angle of 120 degrees is drawn by taking the center of an entrance as the center of a circle. Taking the middle point of the circular arc as a first feed position point, and then taking the circular arc positions corresponding to the first feed point which are deviated from the central angle of 60 degrees respectively leftwards and rightwards as a 2 nd feed point and a 3 rd feed point. Between adjacent feed pointsThe linear distance x is 8m, and the distance d between the feed point and the fence1And d3Is 5.0m, d2Is 6.0m and the specific arrangement is shown in figure 1.
2) Animal selection experiments: feeding 20 piglets with half of normal feeding amount at ordinary times, binding a miniature positioner (the type of the positioner is a security E star EV11S positioner) on forelimb of each piglet, setting the miniature positioner by using a singlechip, and collecting position points every 15 s; the first pig enters from the entrance, the starting time is recorded, the experiment is started, the feed is required to be sufficient in the experiment process, after the experiment is finished for 1h, the position cloud point picture of each suckling pig is extracted from the single chip microcomputer, and the motion point picture of a certain suckling pig is shown in figure 2.
3) Data processing:
3.1 the location clouds of 20 pigs were combined and the results are shown in FIG. 3.
3.2 enclose an area 2.5m from the feed, as shown in figure 3.
3.3 it is evident from fig. 3 that the density of the location points in the feed a area is significantly higher than the feed B and C areas, and since the difference is significant, it is not necessary to calculate the number of location points here, and it can be concluded that feed a is the most suitable feed.
Example 2
The animals are Yuanjiang duck, the average length of the animals is about 0.3m, the average weight of the animals is 1.1kg, and the number of the groups is 30.
Feed A Duck compound feed of Yangyang popular feed Co., Ltd;
feed B Duck compound feed of Zhengyuan feed group Limited of Anhui province;
the feed C is feed for Jindelong ducks of Jindelong commercial and trade company Limited;
feed D feed for ducks of Yangxin county natural green livestock Limited.
1) Setting of the experimental animal feeding pen: in the animal feeding pen, a section of circular arc with the radius r of 5m and the central angle of 180 degrees is drawn by taking the center of an entrance as the center of a circle. Taking the center line of the arc deviated from 30 degrees to the left as a first feeding point, deviated from 90 degrees to the left as a second feeding point, and deviated from 30 degrees to the right as a third feeding pointAnd (5) material point. A fourth feed point 90 offset to the right is shown in detail in FIG. 4. The x distance between adjacent feed points is 5m, and the edge distance d between the feed and the fence boundary1、d2、d3And d4Is 4 m; d5And d64.5m,
2) Animal selection experiments: feeding 30 water ducks by half of the normal feeding amount at ordinary times, binding a miniature positioner (the type of the positioner is a security E star EV11S positioner) on the duck feet of each duck, and setting the acquisition position points of the miniature positioner every 20s by using a singlechip; the first water duck enters from the entrance, the starting time is recorded, the experiment is started, the fodder is enough in the experiment process, after the experiment is carried out for 1.5h, the position cloud point picture of each water duck is extracted from the single chip microcomputer after the experiment is finished, and the motion point picture of a certain water duck is shown in fig. 5.
3) Data processing:
3.1 the location cloud plots of 30 water ducks are combined, and the result is shown in FIG. 6.
3.2 circles out an area of 1.5m from the feed, as shown in figure 6,
3.3 it is evident from fig. 6 that the area densities of feeds a and C are large, but the difference between the densities of the position points of the two is not obvious, and the total position point number is calculated as: 8143 points, wherein the number of points in the area A of the feed is 2491, the number of points in the area C of the feed is 2604, the difference is 113 points and is less than 163 points, so that the feed A and the feed C are both regarded as the optimum mouth feed.
Claims (6)
1. A method for feed palatability screening based on animal population behavior comprising the steps of:
1) setting of the experimental animal feeding pen: animal feeding pens are arranged according to the number of the types of experimental feeds and the sizes of animal body types, so that the distance between an animal and each feed is basically equal when an experiment starts; ensuring that the distance between the feed and the feed is large enough to ensure that it can be determined in which feed zone the animal is eating or staying upright, eliminating the effect of the distance space on eating or staying upright between different animals;
2) selecting feeds: fixing the positioner on an animal, feeding part of food to the animal before testing, and then enabling the herds of animals to enter the animal breeding pen from the feeding pen inlet in sequence to perform a feed selection experiment; after the experiment is finished, acquiring position point cloud pictures of all animals in the experiment process;
3) data processing: combining the position point cloud pictures of all animals, then dividing a feed selection area to obtain the position point cloud pictures of the feed area, judging the density of the position points of the feed area or calculating the number of the position points of the feed area to obtain the optimum feed type of the animal.
2. The method for screening palatability of the feed based on the behaviors of the animal groups according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), an arc is drawn in the animal feeding circle by taking the central point of an inlet as an origin according to the number of types and the body type parameters of the experimental feed to be screened; then according to the type of the feed, selecting a feed placing point on the circular arc, wherein the straight line distance between the feed and the feed is 10 times larger than the average body length of the animals, and the distance between the feed points at two ends and the boundary of the feeding ring is 5 times larger than the average body length of the animals.
3. The method for screening palatability of feed based on animal group behaviors according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the locators are uniformly fixed at the same positions on the animal body, the locators are micro locators and further comprise a singlechip used in cooperation with the locators, and the singlechip is connected with the micro locators through a wireless network; the micro positioner collects position information every 10-30 s.
4. The animal population behavior-based feed palatability screening method of claim 3, wherein the positioner is fixed to the neck or forelimb of the animal.
5. The method for screening animal population behavior-based feed palatability according to claim 1 or 3, wherein in step 2), the animal is fed half of the normal feeding amount in normal times before the animal experiment; the experimental time is 1-1.5 h; the number of the animals in the herd is 15-50.
6. The method for screening feed palatability based on animal population behavior according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) comprises the following steps:
3.1 merging the obtained point cloud pictures of all the animal positions to obtain point cloud pictures of all the animal groups;
3.2 in the step 3.1, the position cloud point of the animal population circles out a region which is less than or equal to 5 times of the average animal body length away from the feed, and if the density of the position point of one feed region is obviously better than that of other regions, the feed is the most suitable feed;
if the density difference of the position points of a plurality of feed areas is not obvious, calculating the number of the position points of each feed area, and judging the optimal feed under the following 2 conditions:
if the number of the position points of a certain feed area is more than 2 percent of the total number of the position points of any other feed area, the feed is the most suitable feed;
secondly, if the number of points in certain areas is equal, the feeds are all the most suitable feeds; or
If the number of the position points of a certain area is similar, calculating the difference value of the areas, if the difference value of the area with the most number points is within 2 percent of the total number of the position points, marking the areas as the most suitable feed, and if not, counting.
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| CN116432909A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-07-14 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Test method for evaluating feeding attraction effect of aquatic products |
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