CN110536668B - 一次性穿着物品 - Google Patents
一次性穿着物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110536668B CN110536668B CN201880026237.3A CN201880026237A CN110536668B CN 110536668 B CN110536668 B CN 110536668B CN 201880026237 A CN201880026237 A CN 201880026237A CN 110536668 B CN110536668 B CN 110536668B
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- elastic film
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- stretchable
- sheet layer
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Abstract
一种一次性穿着物品,其具备弹性膜伸缩结构(20X),在弹性膜伸缩结构(20X)中,在第1片层(20A)和第2片层(20B)之间层叠有弹性膜(30),第1片层(20A)和第2片层(20B)在隔开间隔地排列的多个接合部(40)处穿过贯通弹性膜(30)的孔接合在一起,具有弹性膜伸缩结构(20X)的区域具有与弹性膜(30)一起弹性伸缩的伸缩区域(80),伸缩区域(80)包含以具有重合部分(33)的方式配置的多张弹性膜(30),在伸缩区域(80)的位于与伸缩方向(ED)垂直的垂直方向(XD)的中间的区域、和与第1区域(26)的两侧相邻的第2区域(27)中,弹性膜(30)的层叠数不同。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一次性穿着物品,其具备利用片层夹着弹性膜而成的弹性膜伸缩结构。
背景技术
在一次性尿布或卫生巾等一次性穿着物品中,为了提高针对身体表面的合身性,一般是对腿围或腰围等适当的部位赋予伸缩性。作为用于赋予伸缩性的方法,以往广泛采用将多根橡胶线等细长状弹性伸缩部件在沿长度方向伸长的状态下并排固定的方法,但是,作为面方面上的合身性优异的方案,也提出了在沿伸缩性的赋予方向伸长的状态下安装弹性膜的方法。(例如参照专利文献1~3)。
在利用片层夹住该弹性膜而成的伸缩结构(以下,也称作弹性膜伸缩结构)中,伸缩区域是弹性膜层叠在由无纺布等构成的第1片层与由无纺布等构成的第2片层之间而成的,并且是在弹性膜沿伸缩方向伸长的状态下,第1片层和第2片层在沿伸缩方向和垂直于所述伸缩方向的方向分别隔开间隔地排列的多个接合部处穿过形成于弹性膜的贯通孔或者隔着弹性膜接合在一起而成的。在具有这样的弹性膜伸缩结构的伸缩区域中,在自然长度状态下,随着弹性膜在接合部之间收缩,接合部的间隔变窄,在第1片层和第2片层上的接合部之间,形成在与伸缩方向交叉的方向上延伸的收缩皱褶。在相反地伸长时,随着弹性膜在接合部之间伸长,接合部的间隔和第1片层及第2片层上的收缩皱褶扩展,能够弹性伸长至第1片层和第2片层的完全展开状态为止。该弹性膜伸缩结构具有如下优点:当然在面方面上的合身性上是优异的,并且弹性膜的贯通孔也有助于透气性的提高。
一次性穿着物品被要求根据不同的部位而具有不同的合身性,因此,有时希望如下这样:伸缩区域中的与伸缩方向垂直的方向上的中间部分具有与其两侧的部分不同的伸长时的收缩力(以下,仅称为收缩力)。关于这一点,弹性膜伸缩结构也能够通过接合部的面积率或图案而使伸长时的收缩力在与伸缩方向垂直的方向上变化。
可是,仅通过接合部的面积率或图案的选定,只能使收缩力降低,但收缩率也会发生变化,因此也会对自然长度的状态下的外观产生影响。
对此,虽然也能够如专利文献2、3所记载的那样分别设置基于弹性膜的伸缩区域和基于橡胶线的伸缩区域,来使腰部处的收缩力比裆间侧更强等、根据不同的部位而使收缩力变化,但这并不是在弹性膜伸缩结构的伸缩区域内使收缩力变化。
另外,关于弹性膜伸缩结构,本申请人提出了如下方案:弹性膜伸缩结构具有伸长率连续地变化的伸缩区域(参照专利文献4);以及,将弹性膜、第1片层以及第2片层在开口的缘处折返,并将开口的缘部分更加强力地紧固(参照专利文献5)。
可是,在专利文献4所记载的方案中,收缩力的变化是连续的,无法使收缩力不连续地变化。另外,即使使收缩力在与伸缩方向垂直的方向上变化,也难以使该变化的幅度增大。
另外,专利文献5所记载的方案是以弹性膜、第1片层以及第2片层的折返为前提的,因此,无法将伸缩区域中的与伸缩方向垂直的方向上的中间部分紧固得比其两侧更紧。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特表2004-532758号公报
专利文献2:日本特许4987967号公报
专利文献3:日本特许5292586号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2016-189824号公报
专利文献5:日本特开2016-190031号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
因此,本发明的主要课题在于提供如下这样的弹性膜伸缩结构:伸缩区域中的与伸缩方向垂直的方向上的中间区域具有与在其两侧相邻的相邻区域不同的收缩力。
用于解决课题的手段
解决了上述课题的各种方式如下。
<第1方式>
一种一次性穿着物品,其具备弹性膜伸缩结构,在所述弹性膜伸缩结构中,在第1片层与第2片层之间层叠有弹性膜,所述第1片层和第2片层在隔开间隔地排列的多个接合部处穿过贯通弹性膜的孔或者隔着所述弹性膜接合在一起,具有所述弹性膜伸缩结构的区域具有伸缩区域,所述伸缩区域与所述弹性膜一起弹性伸缩,其特征在于,所述伸缩区域包含以具有重合部分的方式配置的多张弹性膜,在所述伸缩区域的位于与伸缩方向垂直的垂直方向的中间的第1区域、和与所述第1区域的两侧相邻的第2区域中,所述弹性膜的层叠数不同。
(作用效果)
在本方式中,在伸缩区域的位于与伸缩方向垂直的垂直方向的中间的第1区域和与第1区域的两侧相邻的第2区域中,弹性膜的层叠数不同,因此,不管接合部的图案的变化和弹性膜的伸长率如何,都能够使伸长时的收缩力不同。即,如果接合部的图案或弹性膜的伸长率相同,则层叠数多的区域的收缩力相对变强,层叠数少的区域的收缩力相对变弱。另外,与通过折返使层叠数增加的以往形态不同,层叠数较多的部分的数量和配置也不受限制。
<第2方式>
根据第1方式的一次性穿着物品,其中,作为所述弹性膜,包含有:第1弹性膜,其从一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域;和第2弹性膜,其从另一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域,所述一个第2区域仅包含所述第1弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,所述另一个第2区域仅包含所述第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,所述第1区域包含所述第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜。
(作用效果)
虽然弹性膜的数量、层叠数以及配置并不特别限定,但如果弹性膜的层叠数较多,则存在这样的担忧:接合部的形成变得困难等、制造变得困难,因此,优选如本方式这样形成为简单的结构。
<第3方式>
根据第2方式的一次性穿着物品,其中,所述第1弹性膜的沿所述伸缩方向伸长4倍时的伸长应力和所述第2弹性膜的沿所述伸缩方向伸长4倍时的伸长应力不同。
(作用效果)
通过如本方式这样采用伸长应力不同的膜来作为第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜,由此,能够维持第2方式的简单的结构,并且能够在一个第2区域、第1区域以及另一个第2区域这3个区域中使收缩力不同。
<第4方式>
根据第2或第3方式的一次性穿着物品,其中,所述一个第2区域的弹性极限伸展率和所述另一个第2区域的弹性极限伸展率不同,它们中的较大一方的弹性极限伸展率和所述第1区域的弹性极限伸展率相同。
(作用效果)
在制造时,如果使接合第1片层和第2片层时的各弹性膜的伸长率不同,则如本方式这样,一个第2区域的弹性极限伸展率和所述另一个第2区域的弹性极限伸展率不同,且它们中的较大一方的弹性极限伸展率和第1区域的弹性极限伸展率相同。在本方式中,如果从两个弹性膜都处于自然长度的状态的初始阶段起使伸缩区域在伸缩方向上伸长,则在经过一个弹性膜处于自然长度的状态且另一个弹性膜处于伸长状态的中间阶段后,到达两个弹性膜都处于伸长状态的穿着阶段。因此,在穿着时,在使伸缩区域伸长时,第1区域起初以与弹性极限伸展率较大的一个第2区域相同的伸长应力伸长,在穿着阶段,伸长应力变为最大,因此,容易穿着,并且在穿着状态下能够获得可靠的合身性。
<第5方式>
根据第1~4中的任意一个方式的一次性穿着物品,其中,所述一次性穿着物品是短裤型的一次性穿着物品,所述短裤型的一次性穿着物品具备:前后分开或前后一体的外装体,其具有前身部分的腰围部、后身部分的腰围部以及位于前身部分的腰围部与后身部分的腰围部之间的中间部;和从前身部分经过裆间部到达后身部分的内装体,其被安装于所述外装体,前身部分中的外装体的两侧部和后身部分中的外装体的两侧部分别接合在一起而形成有侧封部,并且形成有腰开口和左右一对的腿开口,所述前身部分的外装体和所述后身部分的外装体中的至少一方具有在宽度方向上伸缩的所述伸缩区域。
(作用效果)
在短裤型的一次性穿着物品中,通常在外装体上设置沿宽度方向伸缩的伸缩区域。并且,如果考虑针对小腹部的鼓起的合身性或针对臀部的鼓起的合身性,则优选的是:在所述前身部分的外装体和所述后身部分的外装体的至少一方,伸缩区域中的与伸缩方向垂直的方向上的第1区域具有与在其两侧相邻的第2区域不同的收缩力。
<第6方式>
根据第1~5中的任意一个方式的一次性穿着物品,其中,所述前身部分的外装体在所述腰围部具有所述伸缩区域,所述后身部分的外装体从所述腰围部遍及至所述中间部具有所述伸缩区域,各个所述伸缩区域包含第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,其中,所述第1弹性膜从一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域,所述第2弹性膜从另一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域,所述一个第2区域仅包含所述第1弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,所述另一个第2区域仅包含所述第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,所述第1区域包含所述第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,所述前身部分的外装体在所述腰围部具有所述第1区域,所述后身部分的外装体在所述中间部具有所述第1区域。
(作用效果)
通过如本方式这样将第1弹性膜与第2弹性膜重合的第1区域、和仅含有第1弹性膜或仅含有第2弹性膜的第2区域配置成前后不对称,由此,针对容易产生间隙的腹部的下部和臀部的下部(臀沟)的合身性变得良好。另外,由于前身部分的第1区域的位置和后身部分的第1区域的位置在侧封部处不同,因此,不存在侧封部中的面料层叠数在局部变得过大的情况,因此防止了穿着感的恶化和侧封部的密封不良。
<第7方式>
根据第6方式的一次性穿着物品,其中,在所述第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜中,腰开口侧的弹性膜的沿所述伸缩方向伸长4倍时的伸长应力比相反侧的弹性膜弱。
(作用效果)
通过如本方式这样使用伸长应力不同的膜来作为第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜,由此,能够在穿着时将容易产生间隙的部位可靠地紧固,同时,能够使比该部位靠腰开口侧处的收缩力最弱,从而降低腰开口侧的紧固感。
发明的效果
如上所述,根据本发明,具有如下等优点,即,能够成为这样的弹性膜伸缩结构:伸缩区域中的与伸缩方向垂直的方向上的中间区域具有与在其两侧相邻的相邻区域不同的收缩力。
附图说明
图1是展开状态下的短裤型一次性尿布的俯视图(内表面侧)。
图2是展开状态下的短裤型一次性尿布的俯视图(外表面侧)。
图3是仅示出展开状态下的短裤型一次性尿布的重要部分的俯视图。
图4的(a)是沿图1中的C-C线的剖视图,图4的(b)是沿图1中的E-E线的剖视图。
图5是沿图1中的A-A线的剖视图。
图6是沿图1中的B-B线的剖视图。
图7的(a)是伸缩区域的重要部分俯视图,图7的(b)是沿图7的(a)中的D-D线的剖视图,图7的(c)是穿着状态下的剖视图,图7的(d)是自然长度状态下的剖视图。
图8的(a)是样品的伸缩区域的从俯视方向描摹的显微镜照片的描摹图,图8的(b)是样品的伸缩区域的从俯视方向描摹的高倍率显微镜照片的描摹图,图8的(c)是样品的伸缩区域的从斜视方向描摹的高倍率显微镜照片的描摹图。
图9的(a)是伸缩区域的重要部分俯视图,图9的(b)是沿图9的(a)中的D-D线的剖视图,图9的(c)是穿着状态下的剖视图,图9的(d)是自然长度状态下的剖视图。
图10的(a)是样品的伸缩区域的从俯视方向描摹的显微镜照片的描摹图,图10的(b)是样品的伸缩区域的从俯视方向描摹的高倍率显微镜照片的描摹图,图10的(c)是样品的伸缩区域的从斜视方向描摹的高倍率显微镜照片的描摹图。
图11的(a)是非伸缩区域的重要部分俯视图,图11的(b)是沿图11的(a)的D-D线的剖视图,图11的(c)是穿着状态下的剖视图,图11的(d)是自然长度状态下的剖视图。
图12是样品的非伸缩区域的照片的描摹图。
图13是非伸缩区域的重要部分放大俯视图。
图14是概要性地示出穿着状态的左侧视图。
图15是展开状态下的短裤型一次性尿布的俯视图(外表面侧)。
图16的(a)是沿图15中的C-C线的剖视图,图16的(b)是沿图15中的E-E线的剖视图。
图17是概要性地示出伸长了一定程度的外装体的重要部分的截面的剖视图。
图18是概要性地示出伸长了一定程度的外装体的重要部分的截面的剖视图。
图19的(a)是以第1熔接形态形成的接合部的平面照片的描摹图,图19的(b)是以第3熔接形态形成的接合部的平面照片的描摹图。
图20是示出接合部的各种排列例的俯视图。
图21是超声波密封装置的概要图。
图22是超声波密封装置的概要立体图。
图23的(a)是沿图1中的C-C线的剖视图,图23的(b)是沿图1中的E-E线的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图详细地进行说明。并且,剖视图中的点纹部分表示热熔粘接剂等接合手段。
图1~图6示出了短裤型一次性尿布的一例。该短裤型一次性尿布(以下,仅称作尿布。)具有:外装体20,其构成前身部分F和后身部分B;和内装体10,其被固定于该外装体20的内表面而成为一体,内装体10是在透液性的顶片11与不透液性片12之间夹装吸收体13而成的。在制造时,在通过热熔粘接剂等接合手段将内装体10的背面接合于外装体20的内表面(上表面)后,将内装体10和外装体20在前身部分F和后身部分B的边界、即前后方向LD(纵向)的中央处折叠,使它们的两侧部相互通过热熔接或热熔粘接剂等接合在一起而形成侧封部21,由此成为形成有腰开口和左右一对的腿开口的短裤型一次性尿布。
(内装体的结构例)
如图4~图6所示,内装体10具有吸收体13介于顶片11与由聚乙烯等构成的不透液性片12之间的结构,对透过了顶片11的排泄液进行吸收保持。内装体10的平面形状并不特别限定,但一般如图1所示那样设定为大致长方形。
作为覆盖吸收体13的正面侧(肌肤侧)的顶片11,优选使用有孔或无孔的无纺布、或者多孔性塑料片等。构成无纺织布的面料纤维除了能够使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯等烯烃系、聚酯系、以及聚酰胺系等合成纤维之外,还能够使用人造丝或铜氨纤维等再生纤维、以及棉等天然纤维,从而能够使用通过水刺法、纺粘法、热轧法、熔喷法、针刺法等适当的加工方法所得到的无纺织布。在这些加工方法中,水刺法在富于柔韧性和悬垂性的方面优异,热轧法在膨松和柔软方面优异。在顶片11上形成有多个透孔的情况下,尿液等迅速被吸收,从而使得干爽性优异。顶片11将吸收体13的侧缘部卷入并延伸至吸收体13的背面侧。
关于覆盖吸收体13的背面侧(非肌肤侧)的不透液性片12,虽然可以使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯等不透液性塑料片,但近年来从防止闷湿的观点考虑而优选使用具有透湿性的片。该阻水/透湿性片是通过下述方法获得的微多孔性片:将无机填充材料在例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯等烯烃树脂中熔融混炼而形成片之后,沿单轴或双轴方向拉伸。在图示例中,不透液性片12与顶片11一起在吸收体13的宽度方向两侧向背侧折返,但不限于此。
作为吸收体13,可以使用公知的材料,例如可以使用以纸浆纤维的积纤体、醋酸纤维素等的长丝的集合体、或者无纺布作为主体,并根据需要混合并固定高吸收性聚合物等而成的材料。考虑到形状和对聚合物的保持等,可以根据需要而利用绉纸等具有透液性和液体保持性的包装片14来包装该吸收体13。
吸收体13的形状形成为在裆间部具有宽度比前后两侧窄的收窄部分13N的大致沙漏状。收窄部分13N的尺寸可以适当地决定,可以将收窄部分13N的前后方向长度设定为尿布全长的大约20~50%,可以将其最窄的部分的宽度设定为吸收体13的全宽的大约40~60%。在具有这样的收窄部分13N的情况下,如果内装体10的平面形状形成为大致长方形,则在内装体10的与吸收体13的收窄部分13N相对应的部分形成有不具有吸收体13的无吸收体侧部17。
在内装体10的两侧部形成有适合身体表面的立体褶裥部90。如图5和图6所示,该立体褶裥部90具有:固定部91,其被固定于内装体10的背面的侧部;主体部92,其从该固定部91经过内装体10的侧方并延伸至内装体10的正面的侧部上方;倒伏部分93,其是主体部92的前后端部以倒伏状态固定于内装体10的正面(在图示形态中为顶片11)的侧部而形成的;以及自由部分94,其是使该倒伏部分93之间不固定而形成的。上述各部由将无纺布等的片折返而形成为双层片的褶裥片95形成。褶裥片95安装在内装体10的整个前后方向范围内,倒伏部分93被设置在比无吸收体侧部17靠前侧和后侧的位置,自由部分94向无吸收体侧部17的前后两侧延伸。另外,在双层的褶裥片95之间,在自由部分的末端部等配设有细长状的褶裥部弹性伸缩部件96。褶裥部弹性伸缩部件96用于在产品状态下如图5所示那样借助弹性收缩力使自由部分94立起。
图5和图6所示的立体褶裥部90是主体部92未被折返的形态,但也可以采用如下这样的形态等公知的所有形态:主体部92中的根侧的部分朝向宽度方向中央侧斜着立起,比中间部靠末端侧的部分朝向宽度方向外侧斜着立起。
作为褶裥部弹性伸缩部件96,可以采用通常所使用的苯乙烯系橡胶、烯烃系橡胶、聚氨酯系橡胶、酯系橡胶、聚氨酯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯丁二烯聚合物、硅酮、聚酯等材料。另外,为了不容易从外侧看到,适合配设成:粗细为925dtex以下,张力为150~350%,间隔为7.0mm以下。并且,作为褶裥部弹性伸缩部件96,除了图示形态那样的线状外,也可以采用具有一定程度的宽度的带状。
构成前述的褶裥片95的面料纤维也与顶片11相同,除了能够使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯等烯烃系、聚酯系以及聚酰胺系等合成纤维之外,还能够使用人造丝或铜氨纤维等再生纤维、以及棉等天然纤维,从而能够使用通过纺粘法、热轧法、熔喷法、针刺法等适当的加工方法所得到的无纺织布,特别是,为了防止闷湿,适合使用抑制基重从而使得透气性优异的无纺布。而且,关于褶裥片95,为了防止尿等透过,并且,为了防止皮疹且提高肌肤触感(干燥感),希望使用涂敷有硅酮系、石蜡金属系、烷基氯化铬(alkyl chromic chloride)系疏水剂等的疏水处理无纺布。
(外装体的结构例)
外装体20延伸至比内装体10的侧缘靠侧方的位置。关于外装体20,可以如图示形态那样在裆间部使外装体20的侧缘位于比内装体10的侧缘靠宽度方向中央侧的位置,或者也可以在裆间部使外装体20的侧缘位于比内装体10的侧缘靠宽度方向外侧的位置。另外,外装体20具有:腰围部T,其是与侧封部21对应的前后方向范围;和中间部L,其是前身部分F的腰围部T和后身部分B的腰围部T之间的前后方向范围。关于外装体20的平面形状,中间部L的宽度方向两侧缘29分别形成为沿着腿围的曲线状,从而在整体上形成为类似沙漏的形状。外装体20可以配置成:在前身部分F和后身部分B分开形成该外装体,并使两者在裆间部沿前后方向LD分离。
在图1~图6所示的例子的外装体20中,除了中间部L的前后方向中间外,具有伸缩方向ED被作为宽度方向WD的弹性膜伸缩结构20X。更详细来说,关于该弹性膜伸缩结构20X,如图2和图4~图6所示,在第1片层20A和第2片层20B之间层叠有弹性膜30,并且如图7所示,第1片层20A和第2片层20B在隔开间隔地排列的多个接合部40处穿过贯通弹性膜30的贯通孔31接合在一起。第1片层20A和第2片层20B也可以不穿过弹性膜30的贯通孔31,而是隔着弹性膜30间接地接合在一起。
图1和图2所示的形态是弹性膜伸缩结构20X延伸至腰部23的形态,但如果在腰部23采用弹性膜伸缩结构20X,则腰部23的紧固变得不充分等,因此也可以根据需要如图15和图16所示那样在腰部23不设置弹性膜伸缩结构20X,而是设置现有的基于细长状的腰部弹性部件24的伸缩结构。但是,在图示例中,在外装体20中的腿开口的缘部分,没有设置沿着腿开口延伸的细长状弹性伸缩部件。腰部弹性部件24是在前后方向LD上隔开间隔地配置的多个橡胶线等细长状的弹性部件,其以对身体的腰围进行紧固的方式提供伸缩力。关于腰部弹性部件24,不是使间隔紧密而实质上配置成一束,而是以形成规定的伸缩区域的方式隔开大约3~8mm的间隔配置3根以上,优选配置5根以上。腰部弹性部件24的固定时的伸长率可以适当地决定,但在通常的成人用的情况下,可以设置成大约230~320%。腰部弹性部件24在图示例中采用了橡胶线,但也可以采用例如平橡胶等其它细长状的伸缩部件。另外,虽然未图示,但也可以设置成如下的常用形态:在外装体20中不设置弹性膜伸缩结构20X,而仅设置橡胶线、平橡胶等细长状的弹性伸缩部件。
作为其它的形态,虽然未图示,但也可以进行如下等适当的变形:设置为在前身部分F的腰围部T与后身部分B的腰围部T之间的中间部L不设置弹性膜伸缩结构20X的形态,或者,从前身部分F的腰围部T内起经过中间部L一直到后身部分B的腰围部T内在前后方向LD上连续地设置弹性膜伸缩结构20X,或者仅在前身部分F和后身部分B中的任意一方设置弹性膜伸缩结构20X。
关于各个接合部40和贯通孔31在自然长度状态下的形状,可以适当地决定,可以设置成正圆形(参照图7、图8)、椭圆形、三角形、长方形(参照图9~图12)、菱形(参照图13的(b))等多边形、或者凸透镜形(参照图13的(a))、凹透镜形(参照图13的(c))、星形、云形等任意的形状。各个接合部40的尺寸并不特别限定,关于最大长度,优选设定为0.5~3.0mm,特别优选设定为0.7~1.1mm,关于最大宽度40x,优选设定为0.1~3.0mm,特别是在垂直于伸缩方向ED的垂直方向XD较长的形状的情况下,优选设定为0.1~1.1mm。
关于各个接合部40的大小,只要适当地确定即可,但如果过大,则接合部40的硬度对触感产生的影响变大,如果过小,则接合面积减少,材料彼此无法充分地粘接,因此,通常的情况下,优选将各个接合部40的面积设定为大约0.14~3.5mm2。关于各个贯通孔31的开口的面积,由于经由贯通孔31形成接合部40,因此,只要在接合部40以上即可,但优选设定为接合部40的面积的大约1~1.5倍。并且,贯通孔31的开口的面积不是指弹性膜30单独的状态下的值,而是指与第1片层20A和第2片层20B一体化的状态、且自然长度的状态下的值,在贯通孔31的开口的面积在弹性膜30的正面和背面处不同、等在厚度方向上不均匀的情况下,贯通孔31的开口的面积是指最小值。
关于接合部40和贯通孔31的平面排列,可以适当地确定,但是,规则地重复的平面排列是优选的,除了如图20的(a)所示的斜方格子状或图20的(b)所示的六角格子状(这些也被称作交错状)、图20的(c)所示的正方形格子状、图20的(d)所示的矩形格子状、图20的(e)所示的平行体格子(如图示那样,多个平行的斜方向的列的群以互相交叉的方式设置成2种群的形态)状等(包括使这些斜方向的列的群相对于伸缩方向ED以小于90度的角度倾斜的形状)那样规则地重复之外,也可以使接合部40的群(群单位的排列既可以是规则的也可以是不规则的,还可以是花纹或文字状等)规则地重复。
在接合部40中的第1片层20A和第2片层20B的接合通过形成于弹性膜30的贯通孔31进行接合的情况下,希望至少在接合部40中的第1片层20A和第2片层20B之间以外,使第1片层20A和第2片层20B不与弹性膜30接合。
接合部40处的第1片层20A与第2片层20B的接合手段并不特别限定。例如,接合部40处的第1片层20A和第2片层20B的接合可以通过热熔粘接剂来进行,也可以通过热封或超声波密封等基于材料熔接的接合手段来进行。
在接合部40中第1片层20A和第2片层20B穿过弹性膜30的贯通孔31被接合的情况下,通过材料熔接而形成接合部40的形态可以是下述形态中的任意一个,但第2、第3熔接形态是优选的:第1熔接形态(参照图17的(a)),其中,仅借助接合部40中的第1片层20A和第2片层20B的至少一方的大部分或一部分的熔融固化物20m来使第1片层20A和第2片层20B接合在一起;第2熔接形态(参照图17的(b)),其中,仅借助接合部40中的弹性膜30的全部或大部分或一部分的熔融固化物30m来使第1片层20A和第2片层20B接合在一起;以及将第1熔接形态和第2熔接形态组合在一起而成的第3熔接形态(参照图17的(c))。特别优选的是借助第1片层20A及第2片层20B的一部分的熔融固化物20m和接合部40中的弹性膜30的全部或大部分的熔融固化物30m来使第1片层20A和第2片层20B接合在一起的形态。并且,在图19的(b)所示的第3熔接形态中,在以黑色表示的第1片层20A或第2片层20B的熔融固化物20m之间,能够看到以白色表示的弹性膜30的熔融固化物30m,与此相对,在图19的(a)所示的第1熔接形态中,在第1片层20A或第2片层20B的熔融固化物20m之间看不到弹性膜的熔融固化物(白色部分是熔融固化物20m的边界和熔融固化物20m的漫反射)。
在如第1粘接形态或第3粘接形态那样将第1片层20A和第2片层20B中的至少一方的大部分或一部分的熔融固化物20m作为粘接剂来接合第1片层20A和第2片层20B的情况下,第1片层20A和第2片层20B的一部分不熔融会使得接合部40不硬质化,因此是优选的。并且,在第1片层20A和第2片层20B是无纺布时,第1片层20A和第2片层20B的一部分不熔融包含了下述的形态:对于接合部40的全纤维来说,芯(不仅包含复合纤维中的芯,还包含单成分纤维的中心部分)残留,但其周围部分(不仅包含复合纤维中的鞘,还包含单成分纤维的表层侧的部分)熔融;或者,一部分纤维完全不熔融但剩余的纤维全部熔融、或者芯残留但其周围部分熔融。
在如第2熔接形态和第3熔接形态那样将弹性膜30的熔融固化物30m作为粘接剂来接合第1片层20A和第2片层20B时,剥离强度较高。在第2熔接形态中,能够通过下述方式进行制造:在第1片层20A和第2片层20B中的至少一方的熔点比弹性膜30的熔点和接合部40形成时的加热温度高的条件下,将弹性膜30夹在第1片层20A和第2片层20B之间,对成为接合部40的部位加压/加热,仅使弹性膜30熔融。另一方面,在第3熔接形态中,能够通过下述方式进行制造:在第1片层20A和第2片层20B中的至少一方的熔点比弹性膜30的熔点高的条件下,将弹性膜30夹在第1片层20A和第2片层20B之间,对成为接合部40的部位加压/加热,使第1片层20A和第2片层20B中的至少一方以及弹性膜30熔融。根据这样的观点,弹性膜30的熔点优选是大约80~145℃,第1片层20A和第2片层20B的熔点优选是大约85~190℃,特别优选是大约150~190℃,第1片层20A及第2片层20B的熔点与弹性膜30的熔点之差优选是大约60~90℃。另外,加热温度优选是大约100~150℃。
在第2熔接形态和第3熔接形态中,当第1片层20A和第2片层20B是无纺布时,弹性膜30的熔融固化物30m可以如图18的(c)所示那样遍及接合部40处的第1片层20A和第2片层20B的厚度方向整体而浸透于纤维间,但是,在如图17的(b)、图17的(c)以及图18的(a)所示那样在纤维间浸透至厚度方向中间的形态中,或者在如图18的(b)所示那样几乎不浸透于第1片层20A和第2片层20B的纤维间的形态中,接合部40的柔软性较高。
图21和图22示出了适合形成第2熔接形态和第3熔接形态的超声波密封装置的例子。在该超声波密封装置中,在形成接合部40时,将第1片层20A、弹性膜30和第2片层20B送入支承辊60与超声波焊头61之间,其中,支承辊60在外表面具有按照接合部40的图案形成的突起部60a。此时,例如通过使上游侧的弹性膜30的基于送入驱动辊63和夹辊62的送入输送速度比支承辊60和超声波焊头61之后的输送速度慢,由此,在从基于送入驱动辊63和夹辊62的夹紧位置至基于支承辊60和超声波焊头61的密封位置为止的路径上,使弹性膜30在MD方向(机器方向,输送方向)上伸长至规定的伸长率。关于该弹性膜30的伸长率,可以通过选择支承辊60和送入驱动辊63的速度差来设定,例如可以设定为大约300%~500%。62是夹辊。被送入支承辊60与超声波焊头61之间的第1片层20A、弹性膜30和第2片层20B在以该顺序层叠的状态下在突起部60a和超声波焊头61之间一边被加压一边借助超声波焊头61的超声波振动能而被加热,仅使弹性膜30熔融、或者使第1片层20A和第2片层20B中的至少一方以及弹性膜30熔融,由此在弹性膜30上形成贯通孔31,与此同时,使第1片层20A和第2片层20B穿过该贯通孔31而接合在一起。因此,在这种情况下,通过选定支承辊60的突起部60a的大小、形状、分离间隔、辊长方向以及辊周向的配置图案等,能够选择接合部40的面积率。
关于形成贯通孔31的理由,虽然不一定明确,但可以认为是:弹性膜30中的与支承辊60的突起部60a对应的部分熔融而从周围脱离,由此开孔。此时,如图7的(a)、图9的(a)和图11的(a)所示,弹性膜30中的、在伸缩方向LD上相邻的贯通孔31之间的部分被贯通孔31从伸缩方向两侧的部分切断而失去收缩方向两侧的支承,因此,在能够保持与收缩方向垂直的方向上的连续性的范围内,越是靠近垂直方向XD的中央侧,就越向伸缩方向中央侧收缩直至平衡,从而贯通孔31在伸缩方向ED上扩大。然后,如果如后述的伸缩区域80那样以残留有使弹性膜30沿着伸缩方向ED呈直线连续的部分的图案来形成接合部40,则如图7的(d)和图9的(d)所示,在通过切断成单个的产品等而收缩至自然长状态时,贯通孔31的放大部分在伸缩方向ED上的长度收缩,直至在贯通孔31与接合部40之间不存在间隙为止。另一方面,如果如后述的非伸缩区域70那样以不存在使弹性膜30沿着伸缩方向ED呈直线连续的部分的图案来形成接合部40,则如图11的(d)所示,在通过切断成单个的产品等而收缩至自然长状态时,贯通孔31的放大部分在伸缩方向ED上的长度几乎不收缩,因此在贯通孔31与接合部40之间残留有较大的间隙。
关于第1片层20A和第2片层20B的构成件,只要是片状,就能够不特别限定地使用,但从透气性和柔软性的观点出发,优选使用无纺布。至于无纺布的原料纤维为何种并不特别限定。例如可以例示出聚乙烯或聚丙烯等烯烃系、聚酯系、聚酰胺系等合成纤维、人造纤维或铜氨纤维等再生纤维、棉等天然纤维等、或者使用了它们中的两种以上的混合纤维、复合纤维等。另外,无纺布可以通过任何加工来进行制造。作为加工方法,能够例示出公知的方法、例如水刺法、纺粘法、热轧法、熔喷法、针刺法、热风法、点粘法等。在使用无纺布的情况下,其单位面积重量优选为大约12~20g/m2。另外,第1片层20A和第2片层20B的一部分或全部可以是将一张材料折返并对置而成的一对的层。例如,可以如图示形态那样,在腰部23中,将位于外侧的构成件作为第2片层20B,将在该腰开口缘处向内表面侧折返而成的折返部分20C作为第1片层20A,使弹性膜30介于它们之间,并且,在腰部23以外的部分中,将位于内侧的构成件作为第1片层20A,将位于外侧的构成件作为第2片层20B,使弹性膜30介于它们之间。当然,也可以是,遍及整个前后方向LD分开地设置第1片层20A的构成件和第2片层20B的构成件,不使构成件折返,使弹性膜30介于第1片层20A的构成件和第2片层20B的构成件之间。
弹性膜30并不特别限定,只要是其自身具有弹性的热塑树脂膜,除了无孔的膜外,为了透气,也可以使用形成有多个孔或缝隙的膜。特别优选是如下这样的弹性膜30:宽度方向WD(伸缩方向ED、MD方向)上的拉伸强度是8~25N/35mm,前后方向LD(垂直方向XD、CD方向)上的拉伸强度是5~20N/35mm,宽度方向WD上的拉伸伸长率是450~1050%,前后方向LD上的拉伸伸长率是450~1400%。弹性膜30的厚度并不特别限定,但优选是大约20~40μm。
(伸缩区域)
外装体20中的具有弹性膜伸缩结构20X的区域具有伸缩区域,所述伸缩区域能够在宽度方向WD上伸缩,即,在自然长度状态下借助弹性膜30的收缩力而在宽度方向WD上收缩,并在穿着时能够在宽度方向WD上伸长。这样的伸缩区域能够通过如下方式形成:在使弹性膜30沿宽度方向WD伸长的状态下,在隔开间隔的多个部位经由弹性膜30的贯通孔31将第1片层20A和第2片层20B接合在一起,为了发挥出充分的伸缩性,优选以弹性膜30具有沿着宽度方向WD呈直线连续的部分32的方式,在宽度方向WD和垂直于宽度方向WD的前后方向LD(垂直方向XD)上分别隔开间隔地配置贯通孔31和接合部。
在伸缩区域80中,在自然长度状态下,如图7的(d)和图9的(d)所示,接合部40之间的第1片层20A和第2片层20B向互相分离的方向鼓起,形成在前后方向LD上延伸的收缩皱褶25,如图7的(c)和图9的(c)所示,即使在沿宽度方向WD伸长了一定程度的穿着状态下,收缩皱褶25虽然被展开,但仍有残留。另外,如果如图示形态的那样至少在接合部40中的第1片层20A和第2片层20B之间以外使第1片层20A和第2片层20B不与弹性膜30接合,则根据设想为穿着状态的图7的(c)及图9的(c)、以及设想为第1片层20A和第2片层20B的展开状态的图7的(a)、(b)和图9的(a)、(b)也可知,在这些状态下,在弹性膜30上的贯通孔31与接合部40之间形成有间隙,即使弹性膜30的材料是无孔的膜或片,也能够通过该间隙提供透气性。另外,在图7的(d)和图9的(d)所示的自然长度状态下,贯通孔31由于弹性膜30的收缩而缩窄,在贯通孔31与接合部40之间几乎没有形成间隙。并且,穿着状态和自然长度状态下的收缩皱褶25的状态也在图8和图10中示出。
希望将伸缩区域80在宽度方向WD上的弹性极限伸展率设定为200%以上(优选为265~295%)。伸缩区域80的弹性极限伸展率几乎由制造时的弹性膜30的伸长率决定,但是,以此为基础,会由于阻碍宽度方向WD上的收缩的原因而降低。这样的阻碍原因主要是接合部40的长度40x在宽度方向WD上的每单位长度中所占的比例,该比例越大,弹性极限伸展率降低得越多。通常的情况下,接合部40的长度40x与接合部40的面积率相关,因此,伸缩区域80的弹性极限伸展率可以通过接合部40的面积率来调整。
伸缩区域80的伸长应力能够主要通过部分32的宽度32w的总和来调整,其中,该部分32是弹性膜30沿着宽度方向WD呈直线连续的部分。弹性膜30沿着宽度方向WD呈直线连续的部分32的宽度32w和与该连续的部分32的两侧缘相接的贯通孔31的、在前后方向LD上的间隔31d相等,当贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的长度31y和接合部40在前后方向LD上的长度40y相等时(采用同时形成前述的贯通孔31和接合部40的方法的情况等),该贯通孔31的间隔31d和与该连续的部分的两侧缘相接的接合部40的、在前后方向LD上的间隔40d相等。因此,在这种情况下,能够通过接合部40的长度40y在前后方向LD上的每单位长度中所占的比例来调整伸缩区域80的伸长应力,通常的情况下,由于接合部40的长度40y与接合部40的面积率相关,因此,伸缩区域80的伸长应力可以通过接合部40的长度或接合部40的面积率来调整。关于伸缩区域80的伸长应力,可以将伸长至弹性极限的50%时的伸长应力作为基准。
伸缩区域80中的接合部40的面积率和各个接合部40的面积可以适当地决定,但在通常的情况下,优选设置在下面的范围内。
接合部40的面积:0.14~3.5mm2(特别优选是0.14~1.0mm2)
接合部40的面积率:1.8~19.1%(特别优选是1.8~10.6%)
这样,由于伸缩区域80的弹性极限伸展率和伸长应力可以通过接合部40的面积来调整,因此也可以是:并非如图2所示那样使伸缩区域80的接合部40的图案相同,而是如图15所示那样在伸缩区域80内设置接合部40的面积率不同的多个区域,从而对应于不同的部位而使合身性变化。在图15所示的形态中,在前身部分F中的沿着腿根向斜方向延伸的区域81和腿开口的缘部区域82中,接合部40的面积率比这以外的区域高,因此伸长应力较弱,成为柔软地伸缩的区域。另外,在后身部分B中的肠骨对置区域83和腿开口的缘部区域82中,接合部40的面积率也比这以外的区域高,因此伸长应力较弱,成为柔软地伸缩的区域。另外,在图示例中,前身部分F中的与内装体10重合的部分的宽度方向WD中间的区域84是如下这样的区域:与该区域以外的区域相比,片接合部40的面积率更高,伸长应力更弱,弹性极限伸展率也更小。
(非伸缩区域)
在图2所示的例子中,将弹性膜30伸缩结构20X的整体作为伸缩区域80,而不具有非伸缩区域,但是,也可以在具有弹性膜伸缩结构20X的区域中如图15所示那样在伸缩区域80的至少宽度方向一侧等设置非伸缩区域70。伸缩区域80和非伸缩区域70的配置可以适当地确定。在本实施方式那样的短裤型一次性尿布的外装体20的情况下,与吸收体13重合的部分是不需要伸缩的区域,因此,优选如图示方式那样将与吸收体13重合的部分的一部分或全部(希望包含内外固定区域10B的几乎整体)作为非伸缩区域70。当然,也可以从与吸收体13重合的区域一直到在该宽度方向WD或前后方向LD上不与吸收体13重合的区域设置非伸缩区域70,也可以仅在不与吸收体13重合的区域中设置非伸缩区域70。
非伸缩区域70被设定为这样的区域:虽然弹性膜30在宽度方向WD上连续,但由于贯通孔31的存在而不具有沿宽度方向WD呈直线连续的部分。因此,即使在使弹性膜30在宽度方向WD上伸长的状态下,在宽度方向WD和垂直于宽度方向WD的前后方向LD上分别隔开间隔地经由弹性膜30的贯通孔31将第1片层20A和第2片层20B接合而形成多个接合部40,由此形成含有伸缩区域80和非伸缩区域70这两者的弹性膜伸缩结构20X整体,但是,如图11所示,在非伸缩区域70中,由于弹性膜30不沿宽度方向WD呈直线连续,因此弹性膜30的收缩力几乎不作用于第1片层20A和第2片层20B,伸缩性几乎消失,弹性极限伸展率接近100%。并且,在这样的非伸缩区域70中,第1片层20A和第2片层20B在隔开间隔地排列的多个接合部40处接合在一起,并且接合部40不是连续的,因此防止了柔软性的下降。片接合部换言之,能够通过是否具有使弹性膜30不沿宽度方向WD呈直线连续的部分来形成伸缩区域80和非伸缩区域70。另外,在非伸缩区域70中也残留有弹性膜30的连续性,根据图12也可以知道,既没有残留弹性膜30的独立切断片,另外也没有形成皱褶,因此,美观性非常良好,并且确保了基于贯通孔31的在厚度方向上的透气性。在非伸缩区域70中,宽度方向WD的弹性极限伸展率在120%以下(优选为110%以下,更优选为100%)是优选的。
非伸缩区域70中的弹性膜30上的贯通孔31的排列图案可以适当地决定,但如果如图11所示那样设定为交错状配置,并设定为使贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的中心间隔31e比贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的长度31y短的图案,则能够在维持弹性膜30的连续性的同时几乎完全消除在宽度方向WD上的直线连续性,美观性也如图12所示那样成为优选的。这种情况下,更加优选的是,贯通孔31在宽度方向WD上的中心间隔31f比贯通孔31在宽度方向WD上的长度31x短。
通常的情况下,尤其在使弹性膜30沿宽度方向WD伸长4倍时的伸长应力为4~12N/35mm的情况下,在使非伸缩区域70在宽度方向WD上伸展至弹性极限的状态下,贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的中心间隔31e优选为0.4~2.7mm,并且贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的长度31y优选为0.5~3.0mm,特别优选为0.7~1.1mm。另外,贯通孔31在宽度方向WD上的中心间隔31f优选是贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的长度31y的0.5~2倍,特别优选是1~1.2倍,贯通孔31在宽度方向WD上的长度31x优选是贯通孔31在宽度方向WD上的中心间隔31f的1.1~1.8倍,特别优选是1.1~1.4倍。并且,在使非伸缩区域70在宽度方向WD上伸展至弹性极限的状态(换言之,在第1片层20A和第2片层20B完全展开的状态)下,贯通孔31在宽度方向WD上的中心间隔31f与接合部40在宽度方向WD上的中心间隔40f相等,贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的中心间隔31e与接合部40在前后方向LD上的中心间隔40e相等,贯通孔31在前后方向LD上的长度31y与接合部40在前后方向LD上的长度40y相等。
在非伸缩区域70中,如果在接合部40中的第1片层20A和第2片层20B之间以外,第1片层20A和第2片层20B不与弹性膜30接合,并且在自然长的状态下,在接合部40的宽度方向两侧具有使弹性膜30的贯通孔31的周缘和接合部40分离而形成的间隙,则即使弹性膜30的材料是无孔的膜或片,也能够通过该间隙始终提供透气性,因此是优选的。在采用同时形成前述的贯通孔31和接合部40的方法的情况下,与接合部40的形状等无关地自然变成该状态。
各个接合部40和贯通孔31在自然长状态下的形状并不特别限定,但从柔软性的观点出发,希望面积较小,为了消除弹性膜30在宽度方向WD上的直线连续性,希望是在前后方向LD上较长的形状,因此,优选设定为在前后方向LD上较长的椭圆形、长方形(参照图11、图13的(d))、菱形(参照图13的(b))、凸透镜形(参照图13的(a))、凹透镜形(参照图13的(c))。但是,如果如菱形那样使角为锐角,则弹性膜30容易破裂。与此相对,在为凸透镜形时,接合部40的熔接稳定,因此是优选的,凹透镜形在能够进一步减小面积这一点上是优选的。
非伸缩区域中的接合部40的面积率和各个接合部40的面积可以适当地决定,但在通常的情况下,如果设定在下述的范围内,则各接合部40的面积较小,且接合部40的面积率较低,由此,非伸缩区域70不会变硬,因此是优选的。
接合部40的面积:0.10~0.75mm2(特别优选是0.10~0.35mm2)
接合部40的面积率:4~13%(特别优选是5~10%)
这样,能够通过贯通孔31的排列图案、或者各个贯通孔31的尺寸及中心间隔来使非伸缩区域70的弹性极限伸展率变化。因此,虽然未图示,但也可以使上述这些因素在伸缩区域80内的多个部位或在多个非伸缩区域70之间不同。例如,使前身部分F的非伸缩区域70中的弹性极限伸展率比后身部分B的非伸缩区域70中的弹性极限伸展率大是一个优选的方式。
非伸缩区域70虽然与伸缩区域相同地具有沿宽度方向WD呈直线连续的部分,但接合部40的面积率比伸缩区域高,由此,其弹性极限伸展率显著地较低,具体来说,可以采用设为130%以下的形态、以及、如以往的使用橡胶线的伸缩结构那样在宽度方向WD上在一处或多处部位将橡胶线切断的形态等其它的消除伸缩性的形态。
(弹性膜的重合部分)
特征在于,伸缩区域80包含多张弹性膜30,所述多张弹性膜30被配置成具有重合部分33,在伸缩区域80的位于前后方向LD(垂直方向XD)的中间的第1区域26和与第1区域26的两侧相邻的第2区域27中,弹性膜30的层叠数不同。由此,由于弹性膜30的层叠数不同,因此,不管接合部40的图案的变化和弹性膜30的伸长率如何,都能够使伸长时的收缩力不同。即,如果接合部40的图案或弹性膜30的伸长率相同,则层叠数多的区域的收缩力相对变强,层叠数少的区域的收缩力相对变弱。
在制造时,例如如图21和图22所示,能够以具有重合部分33的方式将多张弹性膜30送入支承辊60与超声波焊头61之间,并将第1片层20A和第2片层20B接合在一起。
可以是,在第1区域26和第2区域27中,弹性膜30的层叠数都较多。优选如图1、图2以及图4所示的例子、或图15和图16所示的例子那样构成为:一个伸缩区域80包含从一个第2区域27延伸至第1区域26的弹性膜30、和从另一个第2区域27延伸至第1区域26的弹性膜30,各第2区域27仅包含一张弹性膜30,第1区域26包含互相重合的2张弹性膜30。这种情况下,对于每一个伸缩区域80来说,弹性膜30的数量为最少的2张,且弹性膜30的层叠数也最小,从而成为简单的结构,因此,接合部40的形成变得困难等制造变得困难的担忧较少。另外,若是如图23所示的例子那样对每一个伸缩区域80使用3张以上的弹性膜30,则能够以适合更多部位的方式使收缩力变化。在图23所示的例子中,以遍及整个伸缩区域80的弹性膜30为基础,在强力发挥收缩力的部位、即前后方向LD的中间的一处部位和前后方向LD的端部(在图示例中成为腰部23,但也可以代替该设计或者在该设计的基础还在腿开口侧的端部配置)追加有弹性膜30,但也可以在前后方向LD的中间的多个部位追加弹性膜30。
在像这样使用多张弹性膜30并对应于不同部位来使弹性膜30的层叠数变化的情况下,与通过折返使层叠数增加的以往形态不同,层叠数较多的部分的数量和配置不受限制,能够进行各种变更。例如,如图1、图2以及图4所示的例子、或图15和图16所示的例子那样,前身部分F的外装体20至少在腰围部T具有伸缩区域80,后身部分B的外装体20具有从腰围部T遍及至中间部L的伸缩区域80,并且各伸缩区域80利用位于腰开口侧的弹性膜30和位于相反侧(尿布的前后方向中央侧)的弹性膜30这两张弹性膜使收缩力在前后方向LD上变化,在这样的情况下,优选的是:也如图14所示,前身部分F的外装体20的伸缩区域80在腰围部T具有第1区域26,除此之外为第2区域27,后身部分B的外装体20的伸缩区域80在中间部L具有第1区域26,除此之外为第2区域27。这样,2张弹性膜30重合的第1区域26和仅包含一张弹性膜30的第2区域27被配置成前后不对称,由此,针对容易产生间隙的腹部的下部和臀部的下部(臀沟)的合身性变得良好。另外,由于前身部分F的第1区域26的位置和后身部分B的第1区域26的位置在侧封部21处不同,因此,不存在侧封部21中的面料层叠数在局部变得过大的情况,因此防止了穿着感的恶化和侧封部21的密封不良。
关于配置在一个伸缩区域80中的多个弹性膜30,可以采用伸长应力相同的弹性膜,但若采用伸长应力不同的弹性膜,则能够与层叠数的变化相对应地形成三个阶段以上的收缩力的变化。例如,若采用沿宽度方向WD伸长4倍时的伸长应力不同的弹性膜30来作为图1、图2以及图4所示的例子、或图15和图16所示的例子中的各弹性膜30,则能够维持简单的结构,并且能够在一个第2区域27、第1区域26以及另一个第2区域27这3个区域中使收缩力不同。特别是,如果位于腰开口侧的弹性膜30的沿伸缩方向ED伸长4倍时的伸长应力比位于相反侧(尿布的前后方向中央侧)的弹性膜30弱,则能够在穿着时将容易产生间隙的部位可靠地紧固,同时,能够使比该部位靠腰开口侧处的收缩力最弱,从而降低腰开口侧的紧固感,因此是优选的。
另外,下述方式也是优选的:一个第2区域27的弹性极限伸展率和另一个第2区域27的弹性极限伸展率不同,它们中的较大一方的弹性极限伸展率与第1区域26的弹性极限伸展率相同。这样的弹性极限伸展率不同的结构能够通过如下方式形成:在制造时,使接合第1片层20A和第2片层20B时的各弹性膜30的伸长率不同。例如,若是如图21和图22所示的片接合装置那样针对各弹性膜30独立地设置送入驱动辊63和夹辊62,并使各弹性膜30的相对于支承辊60和超声波焊头61的送入输送速度不同,则一个第2区域27的弹性极限伸展率和另一个第2区域27的弹性极限伸展率不同,且它们中的较大一方的弹性极限伸展率和第1区域26的弹性极限伸展率相同。
并且,在该弹性极限伸展率不同的结构中,如果从两个弹性膜30都处于自然长度的状态的初始阶段起使伸缩区域80在宽度方向WD上伸长,则在经过一个弹性膜30处于自然长度的状态且另一个弹性膜30处于伸长状态的中间阶段后,到达两个弹性膜30都处于伸长状态的穿着阶段。因此,在穿着时,在使伸缩区域80伸长时,第1区域26起初以与弹性极限伸展率较大的一个第2区域27相同的伸长应力伸长,在穿着阶段,伸长应力变为最大,因此,容易穿着,并且在穿着状态下能够获得可靠的合身性。
在该弹性极限伸展率不同的结构中,可以使用伸长应力不同的弹性膜30,但也可以使用伸长应力相同的弹性膜30。与前者相比,后者在材料成本这一点上有利。
(其它)
上述的伸缩结构20X不仅能够应用于短裤型一次性尿布,也能够应用于带型一次性尿布的腰围或紧固带、以及在所有吸收性物品中通用的立体褶裥部、平面褶裥部等其它伸缩部等。另外,在图示例中,伸缩方向被作为宽度方向,但也可以作为宽度方向和前后方向这两个方向。
<对说明书中的用语的说明>
只要在说明书中没有特别地记载,则说明书中的以下用语具有如下含义。
·“前身部分”和“后身部分”是指以短裤型一次性尿布的前后方向中央为边界分别位于前侧和后侧的部分。另外,裆间部是指包含短裤型一次性尿布的前后方向中央在内的前后方向范围,在吸收体具有收窄部的情况下,是指具有该收窄部的部分的前后方向范围。
·“弹性极限伸展率”是指伸缩方向ED上的弹性极限(换言之,在第1片层和第2片层完全展开的状态下)的伸展率,并且是设自然长度为100%时的以百分率来表示弹性极限时的长度的量。
·“面积率”是指对象部分在单位面积中所占的比例,使对象区域(例如伸缩区域80、非伸缩区域70、主伸缩部分、缓冲伸缩部分)中的对象部分(例如接合部40、贯通孔31的开口等)的总面积去除该对象区域的面积来进行计算,并以百分率来表示,特别是,具有伸缩结构的区域中的“面积率”是指在伸缩方向ED上伸展至弹性极限的状态下的面积率。在隔开间隔地设置有多个对象部分的方式中,希望是:将对象区域设定为含有10个以上对象部分的大小,并求得面积率。
·“伸长率”是指设自然长度为100%时的值。
·“单位面积重量”如下述这样测量。将样品或者试验片预备烘干后放置到标准状态(试验场所的温度为23±1℃,相对湿度为50±2%)的试验室或者装置内,使之为变成恒量的状态。预备烘干是指使试样或者试验片在温度为100℃的环境中成为恒量。另外,对于公定回潮率为0.0%的纤维,也可以不进行预备烘干。使用试样选取用的模板(100mm×100mm),从变成恒量的状态下的试验片切取100mm×100mm的尺寸的试样。测量样品的重量,100倍地计算出每平米的重量作为单位面积重量。
·吸收体的“厚度”是使用株式会社尾崎制作所的厚度测量仪(PEACOCK,表盘式厚度规,大型类型,型号为J-B(测量范围0~35mm)或型号为K-4(测量范围0~50mm)),使试样和厚度测量设备水平来测量的。
·上述以外的“厚度”是使用自动厚度测量仪(KES-G5便携压缩测量程序)在载荷为0.098N/cm2、加压面积为2cm2的条件下自动测量的。
·“拉伸强度”和“拉伸伸长率(破裂伸长)”是指除了将试验片设定为宽度35mm×长度80mm的长方形形状以外,还按照JIS K7127:1999“塑料-拉伸特性的试验方法-”,设初始夹持间隔(刻度间距离)为50mm并设拉伸速度为300mm/min而测量出的值。
·“伸长应力”是指按照JIS K7127:1999“塑料-拉伸特性的试验方法-”,通过设初始夹持间隔(刻度间距离)为50mm并设拉伸速度为300mm/min的拉伸试验,在弹性区域内进行伸长时所测量的拉伸应力(N/35mm),伸长的程度可以根据试验对象适当决定。关于试验片,优选设定成宽度为35mm、长度为80mm以上的长方形状,但在无法切出宽度为35mm的试验片的情况下,以能够切出的宽度来制作试验片,将测量值换算成宽度为35mm的情况下的值。另外,在如内置于制品中的弹性膜那样对象区域较小、或无法提取足够大小的试验片的情况下,如果是要比较伸长应力的大小,则只要适当地使用虽然小但尺寸相同的试验片,也至少能够进行比较。
·“展开状态”是指没有收缩和松弛地平坦展开的状态。
·各部分的尺寸只要没有特别记载,则是指展开状态下而不是自然长度状态下的尺寸。
·在没有对试验或测量中的环境条件进行记载的情况下,该试验或测量是在标准状态(在试验场所中,温度为23±1℃,相对湿度为50±2%)的试验室或者装置内进行的。
产业上的可利用性
本发明除了能够在上述例子那样的短裤型一次性尿布中被利用外,还能够在带型、垫型等各种一次性尿布、卫生巾等具备伸缩区域的所有一次性穿着物品中被利用。
标号说明
10:内装体;10B:内外固定区域;11:顶片;12:不透液性片;13:吸收体;13N:收窄部分;14:包装片;17:无吸收体侧部;20:外装体;20A:第1片层;20B:第2片层;20C:折返部分;20X:弹性膜伸缩结构;21:侧封部;23:腰部;24:腰部弹性部件;25:收缩皱褶;30:弹性膜;31:贯通孔;40:接合部;70:非伸缩区域;80:伸缩区域;90:立体褶裥部;93:倒伏部分;94:自由部分;95:褶裥片;96:褶裥部弹性伸缩部件;B:后身部分;ED:伸缩方向;F:前身部分;L:中间部;LD:前后方向;T:腰围部;WD:宽度方向;XD:垂直方向;33:重合部分;26:第1区域;27:第2区域。
Claims (7)
1.一种一次性穿着物品,其具备弹性膜伸缩结构,在所述弹性膜伸缩结构中,在第1片层与第2片层之间层叠有弹性膜,所述第1片层和第2片层在隔开间隔地排列的多个接合部处穿过贯通弹性膜的孔或者隔着所述弹性膜接合在一起,
具有所述弹性膜伸缩结构的区域具有伸缩区域,所述伸缩区域与所述弹性膜一起弹性伸缩,
其特征在于,
所述伸缩区域包含以具有重合部分的方式配置的多张弹性膜,
在所述伸缩区域的位于与伸缩方向垂直的垂直方向的中间的第1区域中,所述弹性膜的层叠数比与所述第1区域的两侧相邻的第2区域中的所述弹性膜的层叠数多。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一次性穿着物品,其中,
作为所述弹性膜,包含有:第1弹性膜,其从一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域;和第2弹性膜,其从另一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域,
所述一个第2区域仅包含所述第1弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,
所述另一个第2区域仅包含所述第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,
所述第1区域包含所述第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一次性穿着物品,其中,
所述第1弹性膜的沿所述伸缩方向伸长4倍时的伸长应力和所述第2弹性膜的沿所述伸缩方向伸长4倍时的伸长应力不同。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一次性穿着物品,其中,
所述一个第2区域的弹性极限伸展率和所述另一个第2区域的弹性极限伸展率不同,它们中的较大一方的弹性极限伸展率和所述第1区域的弹性极限伸展率相同。
5.根据权利要求1~3中的任意一项所述的一次性穿着物品,其中,
所述一次性穿着物品是短裤型的一次性穿着物品,所述短裤型的一次性穿着物品具备:
前后分开或前后一体的外装体,其具有前身部分的腰围部、后身部分的腰围部以及位于前身部分的腰围部与后身部分的腰围部之间的中间部;和
从前身部分经过裆间部到达后身部分的内装体,其被安装于所述外装体,
前身部分中的外装体的两侧部和后身部分中的外装体的两侧部分别接合在一起而形成有侧封部,并且形成有腰开口和左右一对的腿开口,
所述前身部分的外装体和所述后身部分的外装体中的至少一方具有在宽度方向上伸缩的所述伸缩区域。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一次性穿着物品,其中,
所述前身部分的外装体和所述后身部分的外装体分别具有所述伸缩区域,
所述伸缩区域包含第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,其中,所述第1弹性膜从一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域,所述第2弹性膜从另一个所述第2区域延伸至所述第1区域,
所述一个第2区域仅包含所述第1弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,
所述另一个第2区域仅包含所述第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,
所述第1区域包含所述第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜来作为所述弹性膜,
所述前身部分的外装体在所述腰围部具有所述第1区域,
所述后身部分的外装体在所述中间部具有所述第1区域。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一次性穿着物品,其中,
在所述第1弹性膜和第2弹性膜中,腰开口侧的弹性膜的沿所述伸缩方向伸长4倍时的伸长应力比相反侧的弹性膜弱。
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EP (1) | EP3656363B1 (zh) |
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EP3620143B1 (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2022-05-04 | Ontex BV | Elasticised absorbent article |
JP7139276B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2022-09-20 | 大王製紙株式会社 | パンツタイプ使い捨て着用物品及びその製造方法 |
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WO2019017037A1 (ja) | 2019-01-24 |
US20230181387A1 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
US20200375814A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
JP6396549B1 (ja) | 2018-09-26 |
EP3656363A4 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
EP3656363A1 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
CN110536668A (zh) | 2019-12-03 |
US11529265B2 (en) | 2022-12-20 |
US11730637B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
JP2019017807A (ja) | 2019-02-07 |
EP3656363B1 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
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