CN110241413B - Titanium alloy laser cladding forming method - Google Patents
Titanium alloy laser cladding forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110241413B CN110241413B CN201910529330.2A CN201910529330A CN110241413B CN 110241413 B CN110241413 B CN 110241413B CN 201910529330 A CN201910529330 A CN 201910529330A CN 110241413 B CN110241413 B CN 110241413B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a titanium alloy laser cladding forming method, which comprises the following steps of carrying out laser cladding forming in a vacuum cabin with a sealed cavity, wherein a multi-axis motion platform and an optical internal powder feeding laser head arranged on the multi-axis motion platform are arranged in the sealed cavity of the vacuum cabin: ensuring that the sealed chamber is closed; evacuating the sealed chamber; introducing protective gas into the sealed cavity, and keeping the pressure in the sealed cavity at a set value; the laser is started, the multi-axis motion platform drives the powder feeding laser head in the light to focus laser beams on the workpiece to be processed in the sealed cavity according to a preset track, the input titanium alloy powder beam moves on the workpiece to be processed along with the laser beams to realize the titanium alloy cladding processing, the titanium powder is prevented from being oxidized in the processing process, and the quality of laser cladding forming is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a titanium alloy laser cladding forming method.
Background
Laser cladding is a new surface modification technology, and a cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with a base layer is formed on the surface of the base layer by adding a cladding material on the surface of the base layer and fusing the cladding material and a thin layer on the surface of the base layer by using a laser beam with high energy density. Thereby achieving the purpose of surface modification or repair, not only meeting the requirements on the specific properties of the material surface, but also saving a large amount of valuable elements. Compared with surfacing, spraying, electroplating and vapor deposition, laser cladding has the characteristics of small dilution, compact structure, good combination of a coating and a matrix, more suitable cladding materials, large particle size and content change and the like, and has wide application prospect.
In the existing laser cladding processing process, an optical internal powder feeding laser head is usually arranged on a mechanical arm, cladding processing is realized by controlling the movement of the mechanical arm, and the laser cladding processing is only suitable for cladding processing of iron powder and cannot meet the requirement of metal powder with higher processing environment requirements, such as laser cladding processing of titanium alloy powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a titanium alloy laser cladding forming method to meet the processing requirement of titanium alloy laser cladding.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a laser cladding forming method for titanium alloy comprises the following steps of carrying out laser cladding forming in a vacuum chamber with a sealed cavity, wherein a multi-axis motion platform and an optical internal powder feeding laser head mounted on the multi-axis motion platform are arranged in the sealed cavity of the vacuum chamber:
(1) ensuring that the sealed chamber is closed;
(2) evacuating the sealed chamber;
(3) introducing protective gas into the sealed cavity, and keeping the pressure in the sealed cavity at a set value;
(4) and starting a laser, driving the powder feeding laser head in the light to focus a laser beam on a workpiece to be processed in the sealed cavity according to a preset track by the multi-axis motion platform, and moving the input titanium alloy powder beam on the workpiece to be processed along with the laser beam to realize the cladding processing of the titanium alloy.
Preferably, the step (2) and the step (3) are cycled at least twice to perform the step (4), wherein the introduced protective gas is nitrogen.
Preferably, the forming method further comprises a dust removing step of sucking out the gas in the sealed cavity for dust removal in two forming processes and inputting the gas into the sealed cavity.
Furthermore, the dust removal step is realized by adopting a dust removal system, the dust removal system comprises a dust removal pipeline communicated with the sealed cavity, a high-speed variable frequency fan connected at the tail end of the dust removal pipeline, and a dust removal device capable of filtering sucked gas, and an outlet of the dust removal device is connected with the sealed cavity.
Preferably, a transfer chamber is further arranged on one side of the vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber is provided with a vacuum chamber door, and a transfer chamber door capable of being opened and sealed is arranged between the transfer chamber and the vacuum chamber.
Furthermore, the vacuum chamber is a square box body, and the vacuum chamber door is arranged on one side wall of the box body; the transfer cabin is cylindric, the transfer cabin is connected on one of them lateral wall of vacuum chamber, be provided with transparent visual window on the vacuum chamber door to and two operation window, every all be provided with in the operation window can stretch into to operating gloves in the sealed chamber.
Preferably, in the step (3), a gas storage device storing protective gas is adopted, the vacuum chamber is provided with a protective gas inlet communicated with the sealed chamber, the gas storage device introduces the protective gas into the sealed chamber through the protective gas inlet, and the vacuum chamber is further provided with a control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the protective gas inlet.
Further, the vacuum chamber is also provided with a pressure relief port and a pressure maintaining electromagnetic valve for automatically opening the pressure relief port when the pressure in the sealed chamber exceeds a preset value.
Preferably, the multi-axis motion platform comprises an XYZ-axis three-axis motion platform which comprises an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and the laser head for feeding powder in light is arranged on the Z axis.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the titanium alloy laser cladding forming method, the vacuum chamber is vacuumized and filled with the protective gas, so that the laser cladding process of the titanium alloy is carried out in a vacuum environment, titanium powder is prevented from being oxidized, and the quality of laser cladding forming is ensured
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the forming process of the titanium alloy laser cladding forming method of the invention;
fig. 2 and 3 are schematic perspective views of laser cladding equipment adopted by the invention;
fig. 4 is a front view of a laser cladding apparatus employed in the present invention with the vacuum port in an open state;
wherein: 1. a vacuum chamber; 11. a vacuum hatch door; 11a, a visible window; 11b, an operation window; 12. a transfer hatch; 2. a transfer chamber; 21. an outer hatch door; 3. an XYZ-axis motion platform; 4. an optical internal powder feeding laser head; 5. a laser; 51. an optical fiber; 6. a vacuum pump; 7. a dust removal system; 71. a dust removal pipeline; 72. a high-speed variable-frequency fan; 73. a dust removal device; 8. a movable seat; 9. a control valve; 10. a pressure maintaining electromagnetic valve; 20. a powder feeder; 201. a metal powder; 30. a substrate to be processed; 301. a molten bath.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the laser cladding equipment adopted by the invention comprises a vacuum chamber 1 with a sealed cavity, a transfer chamber 2 arranged at one side of the vacuum chamber 1, a multi-axis motion platform arranged in the sealed cavity, and an optical internal powder feeding laser head 4 arranged on the multi-axis motion platform. The vacuum chamber 1 is provided with a vacuum chamber door 11, and an openable and sealable transfer chamber door 12 is arranged between the transfer chamber 2 and the vacuum chamber 1. The laser cladding equipment further comprises a laser 5 for generating laser beams, a vacuum pump 6 for vacuumizing the sealed chamber of the vacuum chamber 1, and a gas storage device (not shown in the figure) for introducing protective gas into the sealed chamber.
The initial workpiece to be processed can be disposed into the sealed chamber from the vacuum port 11, the processed workpiece to be processed can be placed into the transfer chamber 2 from the transfer port 12, the sealed chamber is closed after the transfer port 12 is closed, and then the outer port 21 outside the transfer chamber 2 is opened to take out the workpiece. When the workpiece to be processed is placed again, the workpiece is placed into the sealed chamber from the transfer chamber 2.
Specifically, referring to the drawings, in the present embodiment, the vacuum chamber 1 is a square box body, and the vacuum chamber door 11 is arranged on one side wall of the box body; the transfer chamber 2 is cylindrical, and the transfer chamber 2 is connected to one of the side walls of the vacuum chamber 1. Referring to fig. 4, a transparent viewing window 11a and two operation windows 11b are disposed on the vacuum chamber door 11, and each operation window 11b is provided with an operation glove (not shown) capable of extending into the sealed chamber, so that when a processed workpiece is transferred to the transfer chamber 2 or a workpiece to be processed is transferred from the transfer chamber 2, and the transfer chamber door 12 is operated, a user can view the sealed chamber through the viewing window 11a and insert a hand into the operation glove in the operation serial port 11b to extend into the sealed chamber for operation.
Referring to the drawings, the laser cladding equipment further comprises a dust removal system 7 for performing dust removal treatment on the sealed cavity, the dust removal system 7 comprises a dust removal pipeline 71 communicated with the sealed cavity, a high-speed variable frequency fan 72 connected to the tail end of the dust removal pipeline 71, and a dust removal device 73 capable of filtering sucked gas, and an outlet of the dust removal device 73 is connected to the sealed cavity. Thus, after processing in the sealed chamber, the dust removal system 7 is started, the gas in the sealed chamber is sucked into the dust removal device 73 by the high-speed variable frequency fan 72 for filtering treatment, so that powder particles mixed in the gas are removed, and then the gas after filtering treatment is sent into the sealed chamber again.
Referring to fig. 2, a protective gas inlet communicated with the sealed chamber is formed in the vacuum chamber 1, the gas storage device passes the protective gas through the protective gas inlet to the sealed chamber, and a control valve 9 for controlling the opening and closing of the protective gas inlet is further formed in the vacuum chamber 1. The vacuum chamber 1 is also provided with a pressure relief port and a pressure maintaining electromagnetic valve 10 for automatically opening the pressure relief port when the pressure in the sealed chamber exceeds a preset value.
Specifically, what multi-axis motion platform adopted is XYZ axle three-axis motion platform 3, and it includes X axle, Y axle and Z axle, and powder laser head 4 setting is in the Z epaxial in the light. The laser cladding equipment further comprises a moving seat 8, and the vacuum cabin 1, the vacuum pump 6 and the laser 5 are all arranged on the moving seat 8.
The working process of titanium alloy laser cladding forming by using the laser cladding equipment of the embodiment is specifically described as follows:
firstly, a workpiece to be processed is placed into a sealed chamber of the vacuum chamber 1, and the sealed chamber is ensured to be closed, that is, the vacuum chamber door 11 and the transfer chamber door 12 are both ensured to be closed, so that the vacuum chamber 1 is sealed. Then starting a vacuum pump 6 to vacuumize the sealed cavity, and stopping vacuumizing after the internal pressure of the sealed cavity reaches a set value; a protective gas inlet is opened through a control valve 9, and protective gas is introduced into the sealed cavity from the gas storage device, wherein nitrogen is adopted; and when the pressure value of the nitrogen in the sealed chamber reaches a set value, the nitrogen filling is finished. In the process of filling nitrogen, if the pressure value in the sealed cavity is greater than the set pressure value, the pressure maintaining electromagnetic valve 10 controls the opening of the pressure relief port to relieve pressure, so as to ensure the stable air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1. In practical operation, the process of vacuumizing and filling nitrogen can be cycled at least twice, limited by the limit pressure value of the vacuum pump 6 and the high requirement on the oxygen content in the sealed chamber.
And finally, starting the laser 5, driving the laser head 4 to focus a laser beam on the workpiece to be processed according to a preset track by the XYZ-axis three-axis motion platform 3, and moving the powder beam fed by the powder feeder 20 on the workpiece to be processed along with the laser beam to realize the cladding processing of the titanium alloy.
After the processing is finished, an operator firstly opens the transfer cabin door 12 through the operation window 11b on the vacuum cabin door 11, then puts the workpiece which is finished with cladding processing into the transfer cabin 2, then closes the transfer cabin door 12, opens the outer cabin door 21 of the transfer cabin 2 to take out the workpiece, puts a new workpiece to be processed into the transfer cabin 2 again, closes the outer cabin door 21, then opens the transfer cabin door 12 through the operation window 11b on the vacuum cabin door 11 to put the new workpiece to be processed into the processing area in the sealed cavity of the vacuum cabin 1, and waits for the next laser cladding processing to ensure the working pressure in the sealed cavity.
After the primary processing is finished and before the next forming processing, the gas in the sealed cavity can be sucked into the dust removal device 73 through the high-speed variable frequency fan 72 for dust removal processing, and then the gas is input into the sealed cavity, so that the gas in the sealed cavity after the processing can be effectively filtered and subjected to dust removal processing, and the influence of metal powder dissipated in the gas in the sealed cavity in the processing process on the next laser cladding processing is avoided.
In conclusion, the titanium alloy laser cladding forming method provided by the invention has the advantages that the vacuum chamber 1 is vacuumized and filled with the protective gas, so that the laser cladding process of the titanium alloy is carried out in a vacuum environment, the oxidation of titanium powder is avoided, and the laser cladding forming quality is ensured.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A titanium alloy laser cladding forming method is characterized in that: laser cladding forming in a vacuum chamber with a sealed cavity, wherein a multi-axis motion platform and an optical internal powder feeding laser head are arranged in the sealed cavity of the vacuum chamber, the optical internal powder feeding laser head is mounted on the multi-axis motion platform, the multi-axis motion platform comprises an XYZ-axis three-axis motion platform which comprises an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, the optical internal powder feeding laser head is arranged on the Z axis, and the laser cladding forming method sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) ensuring that the sealed chamber is closed;
(2) evacuating the sealed chamber;
(3) introducing protective gas into the sealed cavity, and keeping the pressure in the sealed cavity at a set value;
circulating the step (2) and the step (3) at least twice, and then:
(4) starting a laser, driving the powder feeding laser head in the light to focus a laser beam on a workpiece to be processed in the sealed cavity according to a preset track by the multi-axis motion platform, moving the input titanium alloy powder beam on the workpiece to be processed along with the laser beam to realize the cladding processing of the titanium alloy,
the forming method also comprises a dust removing step of sucking out the gas in the sealed cavity for dust removal and inputting the gas into the sealed cavity in the two forming processes,
the vacuum cabin is a square box body, one side wall of the vacuum cabin is provided with a vacuum cabin door, the other side wall of the vacuum cabin is provided with a cylindrical transfer cabin door, an openable and sealable transfer cabin door is arranged between the transfer cabin and the vacuum cabin, the vacuum cabin door is provided with a transparent visual window and two operation windows, and each operation window is provided with an operation glove which can extend into the sealed cavity; the vacuum cabin is also connected with a dust removal device, and an outlet of the dust removal device is connected with the sealed chamber.
2. The titanium alloy laser cladding forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust removal step is realized by adopting a dust removal system, and the dust removal system comprises a dust removal pipeline communicated with the sealed cavity, a high-speed variable frequency fan connected to the tail end of the dust removal pipeline, and a dust removal device capable of filtering sucked gas.
3. The titanium alloy laser cladding forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), a gas storage device storing protective gas is adopted, a protective gas inlet communicated with the sealed chamber is formed in the vacuum cabin, the protective gas is introduced into the sealed chamber through the protective gas inlet by the gas storage device, and a control valve used for controlling the opening and closing of the protective gas inlet is further arranged on the vacuum cabin.
4. The titanium alloy laser cladding forming method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the vacuum chamber is also provided with a pressure relief port and a pressure maintaining electromagnetic valve for automatically opening the pressure relief port when the pressure in the sealed chamber exceeds a preset value.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2019105207082 | 2019-06-17 | ||
| CN201910520708 | 2019-06-17 |
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| CN110241413A CN110241413A (en) | 2019-09-17 |
| CN110241413B true CN110241413B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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| CN201910529330.2A Active CN110241413B (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2019-06-19 | Titanium alloy laser cladding forming method |
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| CN112846227A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-28 | 昆山迪尼三维模型有限公司 | Laser 3D printing process for automobile door panel plate |
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| CN101549438A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2009-10-07 | 沈阳航空工业学院 | Vacuum box system for laser processing |
| CN106437218A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Titanium alloy processing argon protection system and method |
| CN107034459A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-11 | 卡特彼勒公司 | System and method for carrying out laser melting coating in controlled environment |
| CN107574436A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-01-12 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Laser prepares titanium alloy coating process |
| CN108034943A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 浙江镭弘激光科技有限公司 | A kind of titanium alloy cladding device and method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101148760B (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2010-07-21 | 苏州大学 | Technique for manufacturing inner-light powder-supplying by laser machining forming and inner-light powder-supplying spray head |
| US9352420B2 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2016-05-31 | Ronald Peter Whitfield | Laser cladding device with an improved zozzle |
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- 2019-06-19 CN CN201910529330.2A patent/CN110241413B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101549438A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2009-10-07 | 沈阳航空工业学院 | Vacuum box system for laser processing |
| CN107034459A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-11 | 卡特彼勒公司 | System and method for carrying out laser melting coating in controlled environment |
| CN106437218A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Titanium alloy processing argon protection system and method |
| CN107574436A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-01-12 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Laser prepares titanium alloy coating process |
| CN108034943A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 浙江镭弘激光科技有限公司 | A kind of titanium alloy cladding device and method |
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