CN110040931B - Oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device - Google Patents
Oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110040931B CN110040931B CN201910390463.6A CN201910390463A CN110040931B CN 110040931 B CN110040931 B CN 110040931B CN 201910390463 A CN201910390463 A CN 201910390463A CN 110040931 B CN110040931 B CN 110040931B
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of treatment equipment of oily sludge, and discloses an oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device which comprises heating treatment equipment, high-temperature treatment equipment and incineration treatment equipment which are all provided with inner cavities and are mutually communicated, wherein the oily sludge is subjected to heating treatment, high-temperature treatment and incineration treatment, and the oil content of generated waste residues is lower than 3 per mill, so that the waste residues can be directly buried; and the oily gas generated by pyrolysis of the oily sludge is condensed and recovered by a gas condensing and recovering device or is combusted by a combustion chamber. If the high-temperature air flow generated by combustion is respectively returned to the high-temperature treatment equipment and the incineration treatment equipment for providing heat for the high-temperature treatment and the incineration treatment, realizing the reutilization of energy and reducing the energy consumption required by the pyrolysis of the oily sludge. By the arrangement, the oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device provided by the invention has the advantages of wide applicability, short treatment period, standard waste residue emission and low residual oil content, and also has the advantages of resource recycling and low required energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of treatment equipment of oily sludge, in particular to an oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device.
Background
The oily sludge is brown-black viscous solid waste with complex components and stable chemical properties, and is derived from solid waste generated in the processes of crude oil extraction, oilfield gathering and transportation and refinery sewage treatment. Along with the continuous deep development of crude oil resources, the generated solid waste is continuously increased, and the international comprehensive treatment scale of the solid waste is also continuously expanded. The direct discharge of the oily sludge occupies a large amount of land, and toxic substances contained in the oily sludge pollute water, soil and air, so that the ecological environment is deteriorated.
The existing treatment methods of the oily sludge comprise various methods such as biological treatment, high-temperature treatment, incineration, hot washing, solvent extraction, mechanical separation and the like. But biological treatment is more suitable for non-dissolved, non-volatile petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, typically with hydrocarbon content of no more than 5%.
The mechanical solid-liquid separation method uses a centrifugal dehydration machine to carry out solid-liquid separation on the oily sludge, the rotating speed of the machine is higher, the treatment effect on the oily sludge with higher oil content is general, and the recovery rate is lower; for the sludge with lower oil content, the cost is high, and the economic benefit is poor.
The hot washing is mainly used for treating the oil sludge on the floor, and has larger limitation.
The solvent extraction method is only applicable to the oil sludge containing a large amount of refractory organic matters.
The incineration treatment method is mainly used for treating oily sludge generated after sewage treatment in oil refineries, the oily sludge has higher water content, the oily sludge is generally incinerated by adopting thickener-dehydration machinery-incineration equipment, and the incinerated sludge residues can be comprehensively utilized, such as paving or being used as building materials. The treatment method has the advantages that after the oil sludge is incinerated, various harmful substances can be removed, the harm to the environment is reduced, and the waste volume reduction effect is good; the defects are that the equipment investment is large, the consumption energy is high, the technical content is high, the treatment cost is high, and the generated high-temperature flue gas contains co, so 2 and other gases, so that the secondary pollution is difficult to control. In 2011, china implements 'waste mineral oil recycling pollution control technical Specification' (HJ 607-2011) to stipulate that the sludge with the oil content of more than 5% cannot be directly burned, and crude oil needs to be recycled.
The high temperature treatment method is that the oil sludge is heated to a certain temperature in a heating furnace or a rotary kiln under the condition of anaerobic condition, so that hydrocarbon substances are separated out in complex hydration and cracking reactions, light hydrocarbon is condensed and recovered, and the oil content of the residual sludge containing heavy hydrocarbon is 2%. However, the oil content of the excess sludge is high, which causes resource waste, and the excess sludge needs to be safely treated and then buried, and cannot be directly buried.
The above treatment method and the corresponding treatment equipment cannot be applied to various oily sludge and can not carry out energy-saving and environment-friendly thorough treatment due to the respective defects, and therefore, development of new oily sludge treatment equipment is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device which is used for heating oily sludge, then carrying out high-temperature treatment and finally incinerating, can recycle light hydrocarbon, has the oil content of waste residues of less than 3 per mill, has the advantages of short treatment period, standard emission of waste residues, low residual oil content and energy conservation, and is suitable for oily sludge with various types and oil contents.
The invention provides an oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device, which comprises:
The heating treatment equipment is used for heating the oily sludge and is provided with a first inner cavity, wherein the first inner cavity is provided with a first feeding hole, an exhaust port used for exhausting gas in the first inner cavity and a first discharge hole used for exhausting the heated oily sludge, and the first inner cavity is of an inclined structure, and one end, which is close to the first feeding hole, is higher than one end, which is close to the first discharge hole;
the high-temperature treatment equipment is provided with a second inner cavity, the second inner cavity is provided with a second feeding port lower than the first discharging port and a second discharging port used for discharging the high-temperature treated oily sludge, the second feeding port is communicated with the first discharging port through a sealed first communicating vessel, and one end of the second inner cavity, which is in an inclined structure and is close to the second feeding port, is higher than one end, which is close to the second discharging port;
The incineration treatment equipment is provided with a third inner cavity and a first burner, wherein the third inner cavity is provided with a third feeding port lower than the second discharging port and a third discharging port used for discharging waste residues, the third feeding port is communicated with the second discharging port through a sealed second communicating vessel, the third inner cavity is of an inclined structure, one end, close to the third feeding port, is higher than one end, close to the third discharging port, of the third inner cavity, and a nozzle of the first burner is communicated with the third inner cavity;
The exhaust port is communicated with a gas condensation recovery device or a combustion chamber through a pipeline, the gas condensation recovery device is used for condensing and recovering gas entering the gas condensation recovery device, the combustion chamber is provided with a second combustor, a first air inlet for air to enter, a pressure relief port for high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion to be exhausted, and a flue gas outlet, the flue gas outlet is respectively communicated with the high-temperature treatment equipment and the incineration treatment equipment through airflow pipelines, and a pressure relief valve is arranged at the pressure relief port.
Preferably, the heating treatment device, the high-temperature treatment device and the incineration treatment device are all rotary kilns; and a smoke inlet communicated with the high-temperature circulating fan is arranged on the second communicating vessel.
Preferably, the cross section of the inner cavity of the first communicating vessel is gradually reduced along the direction from the first discharge port to the second feed port.
Preferably, the cross section of the inner cavity of the second communicating vessel is gradually reduced along the direction from the second discharge port to the third feed port.
Preferably, the first communicating vessel is provided with a strip-shaped first material guiding plate, a first material guiding groove penetrating through two ends of the first material guiding plate in the length direction is arranged on the first material guiding plate, one end of the first material guiding plate is connected with a first inner wall of an inner cavity of the first communicating vessel, the other end of the first material guiding plate stretches into the second feeding port, and the first inner wall is an inner wall of the first communicating vessel opposite to the second feeding port.
Preferably, the second communicating vessel is provided with a strip-shaped second guide plate, a second guide groove penetrating through two ends of the second guide plate in the length direction is formed in the second guide plate, one end of the second guide plate is connected with a second inner wall of an inner cavity of the second communicating vessel, the other end of the second guide plate extends into the third feed inlet, and the second inner wall is an inner wall of the second communicating vessel opposite to the third feed inlet.
Preferably, a first sealing cover communicated with the first inner cavity is arranged at one end, far away from the first discharge hole, of the heating treatment equipment, and the first feed hole and the exhaust hole are both positioned on the first sealing cover.
Preferably, one end of the incineration treatment equipment far away from the third feeding port is provided with a second sealing cover communicated with the third inner cavity, the third discharging port is positioned on the second sealing cover, and the second sealing cover is provided with a gas inlet communicated with the flue gas outlet and an opening for the nozzle of the first burner to extend in.
Preferably, the gas condensation recovery device is provided with a spray tower communicated with the exhaust port, an oil-water separator communicated with the spray tower and a gas dehumidifier communicated with a gas outlet of the oil-water separator, the spray tower is provided with a water spray nozzle communicated with a water source, and a gas outlet of the gas dehumidifier is communicated with the gas inlet.
Preferably, a pressure switch is arranged in the combustion chamber, the pressure discharge valve is arranged as an electromagnetic valve, the pressure switch is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve, when the pressure in the combustion chamber reaches a preset value, the pressure switch conducts a circuit of the electromagnetic valve to enable the electromagnetic valve to be opened, and when the pressure in the combustion chamber is lower than the preset value, the pressure switch closes the circuit of the electromagnetic valve to enable the electromagnetic valve to be closed.
According to the technical scheme, the oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device comprises heating treatment equipment with a first inner cavity, high-temperature treatment equipment with a second inner cavity and incineration treatment equipment with a third inner cavity, wherein the first inner cavity is provided with a first feed port, a first discharge port and an exhaust port, the second inner cavity is provided with a second feed port and a second discharge port which are lower than the first discharge port, and the third inner cavity is provided with a third feed port and a third discharge port which are lower than the second discharge port; three inner cavities are communicated into a whole through a sealed first communicating vessel communicated with a first discharge port and a second feed port and a sealed second communicating vessel communicated with a second discharge port and a third feed port. The incineration treatment equipment is provided with a first burner communicated with the third inner cavity, pyrolysis treatment heat is provided for the three inner cavities in a direct heating mode, so that oil-containing sludge is subjected to heating reaction in the first inner cavity to separate out water vapor, then pyrolysis reaction is carried out in the second inner cavity to decompose out light hydrocarbon, partial heavy hydrocarbon and other oil-containing gas, and finally the third inner cavity is subjected to incineration to generate H 2O、CO2、N2 and other mixed hot gas and waste residues. The oil content of the waste residue generated by incineration is lower than 3 per mill, and the waste residue can be directly buried. The three inner cavities are all arranged to be of an inclined structure, one end of each inner cavity, which is close to the feeding port, is higher than one end of the discharging port, so that oily sludge can flow from the top end of the first inner cavity to the tail end of the third inner cavity, meanwhile, according to the principle that gas can flow from low to high when heated, various gases can flow through the second inner cavity and the first inner cavity from the third inner cavity in sequence to respectively provide heat for high-temperature treatment and heating treatment of the oily sludge, finally, the exhaust port positioned in the first inner cavity is utilized to recycle water vapor, oily gas and mixed hot gas which are respectively generated by the three inner cavities, so that the water vapor, the oily gas and the mixed hot gas can be led into the gas condensation recovery device for condensation recovery so as to recycle resources, or the water vapor, the oil gas and the oily gas are led into the combustion chamber for mixed combustion, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion can be respectively returned to the second inner cavity of the high-temperature treatment equipment and the third inner cavity of the incineration treatment equipment for providing heat for the high-temperature treatment and the incineration treatment of the oily sludge so as to reduce energy consumption required by pyrolysis; in order to prevent the excessive pressure in the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is provided with a pressure relief opening and a pressure discharge valve.
Compared with various treatment equipment for oily sludge in the prior art, the pyrolysis treatment device for the oily sludge has the advantages of short treatment period, standard emission of waste residues, low residual oil content and wide applicability, and also has the advantages of resource recycling and low required energy consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pyrolysis treatment device for oily sludge in an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-section rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1-2:
The device comprises a heating treatment device-1, a high-temperature treatment device-2, an incineration treatment device-3, a first communicating vessel-4, a second communicating vessel-5, a first material guiding plate-6, a second material guiding plate-7, a first sealing cover-8, a second sealing cover-9, a combustion chamber-10, a first combustor-11, a spray tower-12, an oil-water separator-13, a second combustor-14, a pressure discharge valve-15, a high-temperature circulating fan-16, a flue gas inlet-17, a gas inlet-18, a first driving device-19, a second driving device-20, a third driving device-21, a gas dehumidifier-22 and an exhaust port-23.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
The aim of the specific embodiment is to provide an oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device which can thoroughly and effectively treat various oily sludge, has the advantages of short treatment period, standard emission of waste residues and low residual oil content, and also has the advantages of resource recycling and low required energy consumption.
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments shown below do not limit the content of the invention described in the claims. The whole contents of the constitution shown in the following examples are not limited to the solution of the invention described in the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus for pyrolysis treatment of oily sludge provided in this embodiment includes a heating treatment device 1, a high temperature treatment device 2, and an incineration treatment device 3, which perform heating treatment, high temperature treatment, and incineration treatment on oily sludge in sequence, and combine and utilize advantages of the high temperature treatment and the incineration treatment. The oily sludge is gradually treated in three treatment stages, so that the oily sludge can be fully dehydrated, decomposed and incinerated, and the treatment of the oily sludge is fully differentiated, refined and well-done.
The heat treatment apparatus 1 has a first inner chamber having a first feed port, a first discharge port, and an exhaust port 23, the high temperature treatment apparatus 2 has a second inner chamber having a second feed port and a second discharge port lower than the first discharge port, and the incineration treatment apparatus 3 has a third inner chamber having a third feed port and a third discharge port lower than the second discharge port; three inner cavities are communicated into a whole through a sealed first communicating vessel 4 communicated with a first discharge port and a second feed port and a sealed second communicating vessel 5 communicated with a second discharge port and a third feed port. The incineration treatment device 3 is provided with a first burner 11 which is communicated with the third inner cavity, and provides pyrolysis treatment heat for the three inner cavities in a direct heating mode, so that the oil-containing sludge is subjected to heating reaction in the first inner cavity to separate out water vapor, then is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the second inner cavity to decompose out light hydrocarbon, partial heavy hydrocarbon and other oil-containing gas, and finally is subjected to incineration in the third inner cavity to generate H 2O、CO2、N2 and other mixed hot gas and waste residues. The oil content of the waste residue generated by incineration is lower than 3 per mill, and the waste residue can be directly buried. Wherein, three inner chambers all set up to slope structure and the one end that is close to the feed inlet of each is all higher than the one end of discharge gate, both do benefit to oily mud and flow to the discharge position from the charge position of each inner chamber, do benefit to the terminal of oily mud from the top of first inner chamber to the third inner chamber again, take place pyrolysis reaction in the flow process. Meanwhile, according to the principle that the gas flows from low to high when heated, various gases sequentially flow through the second inner cavity and the first inner cavity from the third inner cavity to respectively provide heat for high-temperature treatment and heating treatment of the oily sludge, and finally, the exhaust port 23 positioned in the first inner cavity is utilized to recover water vapor, oily gas and mixed hot gas which are respectively generated in the three inner cavities.
The steam, the oil-containing gas and the mixed hot gas can be led into the gas condensation recovery device for condensation recovery so as to recycle resources, or the steam, the oil gas and the oil-containing gas can be led into the combustion chamber 10 for mixed combustion. The combustion chamber 10 is provided with a second burner 14, a first air inlet into which air enters, and a flue gas outlet from which high temperature air streams generated by combustion are discharged. The flue gas outlet is respectively communicated with the high-temperature heating treatment equipment 2 and the incineration treatment equipment 3 through air flow pipelines. Preferably, a high temperature circulating fan 16 is provided on the airflow duct. The various gases entering the combustion chamber 10 are combusted, the generated high-temperature flue gas can be split into a first high-temperature air flow and a second high-temperature air flow through the air flow pipeline communicated with the flue gas outlet and the high-temperature circulating fan 16, the first high-temperature air flow flows back to the second inner cavity through the air flow pipeline communicated with the high-temperature circulating fan 16 and the high-temperature treatment equipment 2, and the second high-temperature air flow flows back to the third inner cavity through the air flow pipeline communicated with the high-temperature circulating fan 16 and the incineration treatment equipment 3, so that heat is provided for high-temperature treatment and incineration treatment of the oily sludge, and energy consumption required by pyrolysis is reduced. Along with pyrolysis reaction of the oily sludge, water vapor, oily gas and mixed hot gas are continuously generated to continuously form high-temperature flue gas, so that continuous circulating high-temperature airflow is formed to provide heat.
In order to prevent the pressure in the combustion chamber 10 from being excessively large, the combustion chamber 10 is provided with a pressure relief port for discharging the gas and a pressure relief valve 15 for controlling the opening and closing of the pressure relief port. The various gases generated by pyrolysis of the oil-containing sludge are selectively condensed and recycled or selectively combusted so as to utilize heat to save energy consumption, and the specific setting can be carried out according to the oil content of the oil-containing sludge. For oil-containing sludge with oil content more than 5%, condensation recovery of the produced vapor, oil-containing gas and mixed hot gas is preferable. For oil-containing sludge with oil content less than 5%, it is preferable to utilize heat of the generated steam, oil-containing gas and mixed hot gas.
So set up, compare with the treatment facility of various oily sludge among the prior art, the oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device that this embodiment provided both has that treatment cycle is short, the emission of waste residue reaches the standard and the residual oil content is low, extensive applicability's advantage, also has resource recycling, advantage that required energy consumption is low. Compared with the incineration treatment equipment in the prior art, the method has the advantages of recycling resources and low energy consumption; compared with high-temperature treatment equipment, the method has the advantages of low residual oil content and simple and convenient waste residue treatment; compared with mechanical solid-liquid separation equipment, the device has the advantage of high efficiency; compared with biological treatment equipment, thermal washing equipment and solvent extraction equipment, the method has the advantages of short treatment period and wide applicability.
If the various gases generated by pyrolysis of the oil-containing sludge are selectively condensed and recovered, as shown in fig. 1, the heat source of the incineration treatment apparatus 3 is the heat provided by the gas generated by the combustion of the fuel in the first burner 11, and the heat of the gas generated by the combustion of the fuel provides heat for the incineration treatment of the oil-containing sludge, so that a third waste heat gas is formed; the heat source of the high-temperature treatment equipment 2 is the heat provided by the first waste heat gas and the mixed hot gas generated by the incineration of the oily sludge, and the heat provided by the first waste heat gas and the mixed hot gas is the heat provided by the high-temperature treatment of the oily sludge to form the second waste heat gas; the heat source of the heating treatment equipment 1 is the heat provided by the second waste heat gas and the oil-containing gas generated by the high temperature of the oil-containing sludge, and the second waste heat gas and the oil-containing gas provide heat for heating the oil-containing sludge to form the first waste heat gas. The first waste heat gas and water vapor generated by heating the oil-containing sludge enter a gas condensation recovery device together for condensation recovery.
If the various gases produced by pyrolysis of the oily sludge are selectively combusted for heat utilization, as shown in fig. 1, the heat at the incineration treatment device 3 is derived from the heat generated by the fuel combustion performed by the first burner 11 and the heat provided by the reflowing second high-temperature airflow, and the heat generated by the fuel combustion performed by the first burner 11 and the heat provided by the second high-temperature airflow provide heat for incineration of the oily sludge to form a third waste heat gas; the heat source of the high-temperature treatment equipment 2 is the heat provided by a third waste heat gas flowing through the second inner cavity, a first high-temperature air flow flowing back and mixed hot gas generated by the incineration of the oily sludge, and the three waste heat gases form a second waste heat gas after providing heat for the high-temperature treatment of the oily sludge; the heat source of the heating treatment device 1 is the heat provided by the second waste heat gas flowing through the first inner cavity and the oil-containing gas generated by pyrolysis of the oil-containing sludge. The second waste heat gas and the oil-containing gas generated by pyrolysis of the oil-containing sludge form first waste heat gas after providing heat for the heating treatment of the oil-containing sludge, and then the first waste heat gas and the water vapor generated by the heating treatment of the oil-containing sludge enter the combustion chamber 10 through the exhaust port 23 of the first inner cavity together for mixed combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is continuously split into a first high-temperature air flow and a second high-temperature air flow.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the heat treatment apparatus 1, the high temperature treatment apparatus 2, and the incineration treatment apparatus 3 may be all configured as a rotary kiln, and by the action of the first communicating vessel 4 and the second communicating vessel 5, the three may form a three-stage rotary kiln as a whole apparatus. The heat treatment device 1 is used as an upper rotary kiln and provided with a first driving device 19 for driving the heat treatment device to rotate, the high-temperature treatment device 2 is used as a middle rotary kiln and provided with a second driving device 20 for driving the heat treatment device to rotate, and the incineration treatment device 3 is used as a lower rotary kiln and provided with a third driving device 21 for driving the heat treatment device to rotate. One end of the three-section rotary kiln connected with the communicating vessel is rotatably connected with the communicating vessel through a rotary supporting structure. Because the rotary kiln is rotary cylinder equipment and can rotate around the central axis of the cylinder under the drive of the driving device, the rotary kiln is selected as the heating treatment equipment 1, the high-temperature treatment equipment 2 and the incineration treatment equipment 3, so that the oily sludge can be continuously overturned in the kiln cavity, a certain thrust can be provided for the flowing of the oily sludge, the oily sludge can be rapidly and fully heated, and the pyrolysis reaction of the oily sludge is more complete and comprehensive. The specific structure and working principle of the rotary kiln, such as the specific composition and working principle of the driving device, the driving mechanism and the rotary support, are not repeated herein.
Simultaneously, two kiln ports at the two ends along the length direction of the upper rotary kiln form a first feed inlet and a first discharge outlet, two kiln ports at the two ends along the length direction of the middle rotary kiln form a second feed inlet and a second discharge outlet, two kiln ports at the two ends along the length direction of the lower rotary kiln form a third feed inlet and a third discharge outlet, and the arrangement can prevent the feed inlet and the discharge outlet from being changed along with rotation in high and low positions, so that oil-containing sludge can leak from the feed inlet or the discharge outlet can only intermittently discharge.
In order to facilitate the automatic flow of the oily sludge, the oily sludge is prevented from piling up, the three sections of rotary kilns are sequentially arranged from high to low so that the oily sludge automatically flows in the kiln cavity under the action of gravity, and then one end of the first communicating vessel 4, which is close to the first material outlet, is higher than one end of the second communicating vessel 5, which is close to the second material outlet, is higher than one end of the second communicating vessel 5, which is close to the third material inlet. The three-section rotary kiln can be arranged along the horizontal direction or along the vertical direction, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the three-section rotary kiln is arranged along the vertical direction, and every two adjacent rotary kilns are all arranged on the same side of the communicating vessel. The cross section of the inner cavity of the first communicating vessel 4 is gradually reduced along the direction from the first discharge port to the second feed port so as to form a slope to enable the heated oily sludge to smoothly flow into the second feed port and prevent accumulation and blockage; the cross section of the inner cavity of the second communicating vessel 5 is gradually reduced along the direction from the first discharge port to the second feed port, so that a slope is formed to enable the oily sludge after high-temperature treatment to smoothly flow into the third feed port, and accumulation and blockage are prevented. Further, a strip-shaped material guide plate can be arranged in the inner cavities of the two communicating vessels, and material guide grooves which extend along the length direction of the material guide plate and are open at two ends are arranged on the two material guide plates. One end of the first guide plate 6 is connected to the side wall of the first connector 4 opposite to the second feed inlet, and the other end of the first guide plate extends into the second feed inlet to be connected with the cavity wall of the second inner cavity, so that heated oil-containing sludge can smoothly enter the second inner cavity along the first guide groove. One end of the second guide plate 7 is connected to the side wall of the second communicating vessel 5 opposite to the third feed inlet, and the other end extends into the third feed inlet to be connected with the cavity wall of the third inner cavity, so that the oily sludge after high-temperature treatment can smoothly enter the third inner cavity along the second guide groove.
The connection of the material guide plate and the inner wall of the communicating vessel can be realized through a fastener, or a groove is arranged on the inner wall of the communicating vessel, and the end part of the material guide plate is clamped into the groove. The connection of the guide plate to the chamber wall of the second or third chamber can also be provided in the same way.
As shown in fig. 2, the first feeding port is covered with a first sealing cover 8 communicated with the first inner cavity, the third discharging port is covered with a second sealing cover 9 communicated with the third inner cavity, and the ends of the upper rotary kiln and the lower rotary kiln, which are connected with the sealing covers, are rotatably connected with the sealing covers through a rotary support. The inner cavity of the first sealing cover 8 is communicated with the first inner cavity, and the first feeding port and the exhaust port 23 are both positioned on the first sealing cover 8, so that the feeding device can push the oil-containing sludge into the first feeding port rotationally through the first sealing cover 8; the exhaust port 23 is located on the first sealed cover 8, and is communicated with the first inner cavity through the inner cavity of the first sealed cover 8, so that the rotation along with the upper rotary kiln can be avoided, and a stable gas outlet can be formed. The inner cavity of the second sealing cover 9 is communicated with the third inner cavity, and the third discharge hole is positioned on the second sealing cover 9, so that waste residues can fall into the second sealing cover 9 from the third discharge hole in a rotating manner and then are stably discharged through the second sealed outlet. The second sealing cap 9 is also provided with a gas inlet 18 communicating with the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 10 and an opening into which the nozzle of the first burner 11 extends. The arrangement is that the second high-temperature air flow enters the third inner cavity through the second sealing cover 9, so that the air flow pipeline is connected with the second sealing cover 9, the air flow pipeline is prevented from rotating along with the lower rotary kiln, the second high-temperature air flow flows from one end to the other end of the third inner cavity, heat can be supplied to all areas of the whole third inner cavity, and meanwhile, the flowing direction of an air flow passage for circulating the high-temperature air flow is formed; the first combustor 11 is connected to the second sealing cover 9, the inner cavity of the second sealing cover 9 is communicated with the third inner cavity, and the nozzle is right opposite to the third discharge port, so that the first combustor 11 can be prevented from rotating along with the lower rotary kiln, and heat can be conveniently sprayed to the third inner cavity.
As shown in fig. 1, if the water vapor, the oil-containing gas and the mixed hot gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-containing sludge are selectively led into the gas condensation recovery device for condensation recovery, the gas condensation recovery device is communicated with the exhaust port 23 of the first inner cavity, so that various gases generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-containing sludge enter the gas condensation recovery device. Specifically, the gas condensation recovery apparatus may be provided as a spray tower 12 communicating with the exhaust port 23, an oil-water separator 13 communicating with the spray tower 12, a gas dehumidifier 22 communicating with a gas outlet of the oil-water separator 13, the gas outlet of the gas dehumidifier 22 in turn communicating with the gas inlet 18 of the second seal cover 9 through a gas flow pipe to communicate with the third inner chamber of the incineration disposal apparatus 3. Because of the high temperature of various gases generated by pyrolysis of the oily sludge, the spray tower 12 is used for cooling the various gases, the spray tower 12 can adopt a common tower chamber, is provided with an opening communicated with the exhaust port 23 and a water spraying nozzle, and sprays water to all gases entering the spray tower 12 through the nozzle connected with a water pump to cool the gases. Preferably, the opening communicating with the exhaust port 23 and the water spray nozzle are provided at the upper end of the spray tower 12, and the communication port of the spray tower 12 communicating with the oil-water separator 13 is provided at the lower end of the spray tower 12, so that the cooling stroke is prolonged. The cooled gas enters an oil-water separator 13, is condensed and separated in the oil-water separator 13, and is separated into three parts, namely water, oil and noncondensable gas (less than C 4), wherein the water and the oil respectively enter different storage areas of the oil-water separator 13 for storage and later energy recycling, the noncondensable gas enters a gas dehumidifier 22 through a gas outlet of the oil-water separator 13, and the dehumidified noncondensable gas enters a third inner cavity through an air flow pipeline communicated with a gas inlet 18 of a second sealing cover 9 to provide gas fuel for the incineration of oily sludge. By the arrangement, the recycled water, oil and noncondensable gas are utilized as resources.
The gas dehumidifier 22 and the oil-water separator 13 may be used as the gas dehumidifier 22 and the oil-water separator 13 in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 1, when water vapor, oil-containing gas and mixed hot gas generated by pyrolysis of oil-containing sludge are selectively introduced into the combustion chamber 10 to be combusted, the combustion chamber 10 is communicated with the exhaust port 23, the second burner 14 is opened, and the gas enters the combustion chamber 10 to be combusted. The flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 10 is communicated with a high-temperature circulating fan 16 through an airflow pipeline, and the high-temperature circulating fan 16 is respectively communicated with a gas inlet 18 of the second sealing cover 9 and the second communicating vessel 5 through two airflow pipelines. The second communicating vessel 5 is provided with a flue gas inlet 17 communicated with the high-temperature circulating fan 16, high-temperature flue gas enters the second inner cavity through the second communicating vessel 5, the winding of the air flow pipeline along with the rotation of the middle rotary kiln can be avoided, the air flow pipeline is also consistent with the flowing direction of the circulating air flow passage, the first high-temperature air flow can flow from one end to the other end of the second inner cavity, and heat is provided for each area of the second inner cavity.
In order to prevent explosion due to excessive pressure in the combustion chamber 10, the combustion chamber 10 is provided with a pressure relief port and a pressure discharge valve 15 to facilitate periodic discharge of the pressure. Further, in order to achieve accurate pressure management, a pressure switch is further disposed in the combustion chamber 10, and the pressure discharge valve 15 is configured as an electromagnetic valve, and the pressure switch is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve. When the pressure in the combustion chamber 10 reaches a preset pressure value, a pressure switch is triggered, the pressure switch conducts a circuit with the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is opened to discharge pressure. When the pressure in the combustion chamber 10 is lower than the preset pressure value, the pressure switch is automatically closed, and the electromagnetic valve is closed accordingly.
The upper rotary kiln is used as a heating treatment device 1, the middle rotary kiln is used as a high-temperature treatment device 2, the lower rotary kiln is used as an incineration treatment device 3, and the temperatures in the kiln chambers of the upper rotary kiln, the middle rotary kiln and the lower rotary kiln are respectively the temperatures required by heating treatment, high-temperature treatment and incineration treatment of the oil-containing sludge, and the three temperatures have temperature differences. The oil content of various kinds of oil-containing sludge is different, and the required three treatment temperatures are slightly different. In the present embodiment, the temperature control can be achieved by controlling the fuel combustion amount of the first burner 11 and the air volumes and air speeds of the first high temperature air flow and the second high temperature air flow. The combustion amount of the first burner 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount and speed of the fuel supply. If the first burner 11 is a gas burner, the opening and closing of the valve for gas output can be adjusted to control the combustion amount. The air volume and the air speed of the first high-temperature air flow and the second high-temperature air flow can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the high-temperature circulating fan 16, or a valve capable of adjusting the opening and closing size can be arranged on the air flow pipeline, and the air volume and the air speed of the first high-temperature air flow and the second high-temperature air flow can be adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing condition or the opening and closing size of the valve. The arrangement can wholly raise or lower the temperature of the heating treatment equipment 1, the high-temperature treatment equipment 2 and the incineration treatment equipment 3, and can also respectively regulate and control the temperature of the high-temperature treatment equipment 2 and the incineration treatment equipment 3 by respectively controlling the valves on the air flow pipelines of the first high-temperature air flow or the second high-temperature air flow so as to realize reasonable temperature difference.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An oily sludge pyrolysis treatment device, comprising:
A heating treatment device (1) for heating oil-containing sludge, wherein the heating treatment device (1) is provided with a first inner cavity, the first inner cavity is provided with a first feed inlet, an exhaust port (23) for exhausting gas in the first inner cavity and a first discharge port for exhausting heated oil-containing sludge, and the first inner cavity is of an inclined structure, and one end, which is close to the first feed inlet, is higher than one end, which is close to the first discharge port;
The high-temperature treatment equipment (2) is used for carrying out high-temperature treatment on the heated oily sludge, the high-temperature treatment equipment (2) is provided with a second inner cavity, the second inner cavity is provided with a second feeding port lower than the first discharging port and a second discharging port used for discharging the oily sludge after the high-temperature treatment, the second feeding port is communicated with the first discharging port through a sealed first communicating vessel (4), and one end of the second inner cavity, which is in an inclined structure and is close to the second feeding port, is higher than one end, which is close to the second discharging port;
The incineration treatment equipment (3) is used for incinerating the oily sludge subjected to high-temperature treatment, the incineration treatment equipment (3) is provided with a third inner cavity and a first burner (11), the third inner cavity is provided with a third feeding port lower than the second discharging port and a third discharging port used for discharging waste residues, the third feeding port is communicated with the second discharging port through a sealed second communicating vessel (5), the third inner cavity is of an inclined structure, one end, close to the third feeding port, is higher than one end, close to the third discharging port, of the third inner cavity, and a nozzle of the first burner (11) is communicated with the third inner cavity;
the exhaust port (23) is communicated with the gas condensation recovery device and the combustion chamber (10) through a pipeline, the gas condensation recovery device is used for condensing and recovering gas entering the gas condensation recovery device, the combustion chamber (10) is provided with a second combustor (14), a first air inlet for air to enter and a pressure relief port and a smoke outlet for discharging high-temperature smoke generated by combustion, and the pressure relief port is provided with a pressure relief valve (15);
The heating treatment equipment (1), the high-temperature treatment equipment (2) and the incineration treatment equipment (3) are all arranged as rotary kilns; a smoke inlet (17) communicated with the smoke outlet is arranged on the second communicating vessel (5);
The cross section of the inner cavity of the first communicating vessel (4) is gradually reduced along the direction from the first discharge port to the second feed port;
The cross section of the inner cavity of the second communicating vessel (5) is gradually reduced along the direction from the second discharging port to the third feeding port.
2. The oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the first communicating vessel (4) is provided with a long first material guiding plate (6), a first material guiding groove penetrating through two ends of the first material guiding plate (6) in the length direction is arranged on the first material guiding plate (6), one end of the first material guiding plate (6) is connected with a first inner wall of an inner cavity of the first communicating vessel (4), the other end of the first material guiding plate extends into the second material inlet, and the first inner wall is an inner wall of the first communicating vessel (4) opposite to the second material inlet.
3. The oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the second communicating vessel (5) is provided with a strip-shaped second material guiding plate (7), a second material guiding groove penetrating through two ends of the second material guiding plate (7) in the length direction is arranged on the second material guiding plate (7), one end of the second material guiding plate (7) is connected with a second inner wall of an inner cavity of the second communicating vessel (5), the other end of the second material guiding plate extends into the third material inlet, and the second inner wall is an inner wall of the second communicating vessel (5) opposite to the third material inlet.
4. The oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the heat treatment equipment (1) remote from the first discharge opening is provided with a first sealing cover (8) in communication with the first inner cavity, and the first feed opening and the exhaust opening (23) are both located on the first sealing cover (8).
5. The oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that a second sealing cover (9) communicated with the third inner cavity is arranged at one end of the incineration treatment equipment (3) far away from the third feeding hole, the third discharging hole is positioned on the second sealing cover (9), and the second sealing cover (9) is provided with a gas inlet (18) communicated with the flue gas outlet and an opening for the nozzle of the first burner (11) to extend in.
6. The oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the gas condensation recovery device is provided with a spray tower (12) communicated with the exhaust port (23), an oil-water separator (13) communicated with the spray tower (12) and a gas dehumidifier (22) communicated with a gas outlet of the oil-water separator (13), the spray tower (12) is provided with a water spray nozzle communicated with a water source, and a gas outlet of the gas dehumidifier (22) is communicated with the gas inlet (18).
7. The oil-containing sludge pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure switch is arranged in the combustion chamber (10), the pressure discharge valve (15) is arranged as an electromagnetic valve, the pressure switch is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve, when the pressure in the combustion chamber (10) reaches a preset value, the pressure switch conducts a circuit of the electromagnetic valve to open the electromagnetic valve, and when the pressure in the combustion chamber (10) is lower than the preset value, the pressure switch closes the circuit of the electromagnetic valve to close the electromagnetic valve.
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| JP3861093B2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2006-12-20 | 東京電力株式会社 | Method and apparatus for converting sludge into fuel |
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| CN109574444A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-05 | 北京山水青源环保科技有限公司 | A kind of oily sludge pyrolysis processing technique and device |
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| CN103542415A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-01-29 | 上海煜工环保科技有限公司 | Smoke pyrolysis kiln-furnace-combined type sludge incinerator |
| WO2016015492A1 (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-04 | 杰瑞能源服务有限公司 | Method and system for treating oil field wastes |
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