CN109489626B - Hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter and settlement measuring method - Google Patents
Hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter and settlement measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109489626B CN109489626B CN201710824274.6A CN201710824274A CN109489626B CN 109489626 B CN109489626 B CN 109489626B CN 201710824274 A CN201710824274 A CN 201710824274A CN 109489626 B CN109489626 B CN 109489626B
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter and a settlement measuring method, which comprises the following steps: subside the board, with the protective housing that subsides the board and link to each other, arrange the installation base of protective housing below in to and arrange drying tube, liquid storage pot and the hydraulic sensor who sets gradually from top to bottom in the protective housing in, the drying tube intussuseption is filled with dry medium, has held liquid in the liquid storage pot, the bottom of drying tube through the connecting pipe with the top of liquid storage pot is linked together, the top of drying tube through the trachea with hydraulic sensor's the end of ventilating communicates, the bottom of liquid storage pot through the liquid pipe with hydraulic sensor's pressurized end communicates, hydraulic sensor has the communication unit that links to each other with external equipment. According to the invention, the liquid storage tank, the drying pipe, the air pipe, the liquid pipe and the pressure end and the air vent end of the hydraulic sensor form a closed space, the whole system is isolated from the outside, the influence of atmospheric pressure change and temperature change is avoided, and the accuracy of settlement measurement is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of ground settlement, in particular to a hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter and a measuring method thereof.
Background
In the projects of land reclamation from sea, sea filling and embankment, land formation, foundation reinforcement and the like which relate to soil consolidation, the soil settlement is usually required to be observed for monitoring the soil stability and determining the filling rate; the method is used for calculating the consolidation degree of the foundation and determining the unloading time. The current common surface settlement observation method adopts a settlement plate and a settlement rod and adopts optical methods such as a leveling instrument and the like to observe. With the increase of the construction scale, the observation by an optical method is difficult to find a datum point with stable settlement or the datum point is far away, the observation is inconvenient, and the precision is poor; in recent years, the labor cost rises year by year, a large amount of human resources are consumed for observation by an optical method, and automatic observation is difficult to realize on the basis of the method; the interval time of manual observation is long, and continuous observation is not suitable; settlement observation needs to be carried out from the beginning of embankment in projects such as sea filling and embankment, and the depth of water at the settlement plate can reach 10 meters, and the settlement rod is difficult to stand in flowing seawater, and the distance from the shore can reach several kilometers, so that the protection difficulty is very high, and the observation difficulty is also very high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter, which is used for solving the problem that the surface settlement amount test is difficult to be rapidly and accurately realized in the prior art.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a hydraulic sensing surface subsidence meter, including: subside the board, with the protective housing that subsides the board and link to each other, arrange the installation base of protective housing below in to and arrange drying tube, liquid storage pot and the hydraulic sensor who sets gradually from top to bottom in the protective housing in, the drying tube intussuseption is filled with dry medium, has held liquid in the liquid storage pot, the bottom of drying tube through the connecting pipe with the top of liquid storage pot is linked together, the top of drying tube through the trachea with hydraulic sensor's the end of ventilating communicates, the bottom of liquid storage pot through the liquid pipe with hydraulic sensor's pressurized end communicates, hydraulic sensor has the communication unit that links to each other with external equipment.
Preferably, the protective housing divide into protective housing, lower protective housing, even be equipped with the pipeline protective sheath between upper protective housing and lower protective housing, the drying tube with the liquid storage pot is arranged in the upper protective housing, hydraulic sensor arranges in the lower protective housing, the liquid pipe the trachea is worn to establish in the pipeline protective sheath.
Preferably, the upper protective shell is filled with an epoxy resin sealing material for fixing the drying tube and the liquid storage tank.
Preferably, the lower protective shell is filled with an epoxy resin sealing material for fixing the hydraulic sensor.
Preferably, the drying medium is a silica gel desiccant.
Preferably, the liquid storage tank and the liquid pipe are filled with ethylene glycol aqueous solution, and the solution amount in the liquid storage tank is 75-90% of the volume of the liquid storage tank.
Preferably, the drying tube and the air tube are filled with natural air.
Preferably, the hydraulic sensor comprises a diffused silicon pressure sensitive element and a constant-current excitation circuit board, the communication unit is a signal cable, and the signal cable extends from the protective shell to the sedimentation plate and extends out of the sedimentation plate.
Preferably, the communication unit outputs an RS485 communication signal or a 4-20ma current signal.
Preferably, the hydraulic sensor is disposed in a stainless steel protective housing.
Preferably, the ventilation end of the hydraulic sensor is connected with a capillary tube made of copper or nylon, and the capillary tube is connected with the air tube through a clamping sleeve connector.
The invention also provides a settlement measuring method adopting the hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter, which comprises the following steps:
1) calibrating a pressure value of the hydraulic sensor, and adjusting the output current of the hydraulic sensor to be an initial value a1 when the hydraulic sensor is at zero water head; the full-scale tap value during calibration is marked as H, the output current of the hydraulic sensor corresponding to the full-scale tap value is adjusted to be the maximum value a2, and the density of liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition is recorded; after calibration, installing the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter, wherein the full-scale water head value refers to the height distance between the installed settlement plate and the hydraulic sensor;
2) initial value test: testing and obtaining the initial current value I of the hydraulic sensor0And recording the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition asInitial value the density ρ of a liquid at the test time under temperature conditions0；
3) And (3) settlement observation: testing and obtaining the settlement observation time current value I of the hydraulic sensor when the settlement is observediAnd recording the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition, and recording as the density rho of the liquid under the temperature condition at the sedimentation observation test momenti；
4) Calculating the current sedimentation amount deltas according to the data recorded in the step 2) and the step 3):
Δs＝((I0-a1)/(a2-a1)×H–ΔH0C–ΔH0T)–((Ii-a1)/(a2-a1)×H–ΔHiC–ΔHiT)
wherein, deltas is the settlement amount from the initial value test time to the settlement observation time;
I0、Ii-initial current value and sedimentation observation time current value;
a1, a 2-calibrated initial value and calibrated maximum value of the output current of the hydraulic sensor;
h- -calibrating the full-scale tap value;
ΔH0C-calibrating the value of the head variation due to the temperature variation of the liquid pipe from the moment of the calibration to the moment of the initial value test;
ΔH0T-calibrating the value of the variation of the head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid from the moment of time of calibration to the moment of initial value of test;
ΔHiC-calibrating the value of the variation of the head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid pipe from the moment of the calibration to the moment of the observation of the sedimentation;
ΔHiT-calibrating the value of the variation of head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid from the moment of observation of the sedimentation.
As described above, the hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter and the settlement measuring method of the present invention have the following advantageous effects: adopting the liquid pressure difference value as a test physical quantity to express the settlement quantity of the settlement plate relative to an installation reference; the liquid storage tank, the drying pipe, the air pipe, the liquid pipe and the pressure end and the air vent end of the hydraulic sensor form a closed space, the whole system is isolated from the outside, the influence of atmospheric pressure change and temperature change is avoided, and the accuracy of settlement measurement is improved; in addition, the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter can be embedded by drilling, and the observation datum is arranged in the deep soil layer and is not influenced by the displacement of the site datum point; the invention has strong adaptability, can be applied to various environments, particularly has more advantages in severe environments, such as surface layer settlement (settlement at the original mud surface of the sea bottom) observation in hydraulic related projects of sea reclamation, sea embankment construction and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a hydraulic sensing surface subsidence meter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the upper protective shell according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the lower protective shell according to the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
100 settling plate
101 flange
102 protective shell
103 pipeline protective sleeve
104 lower protective casing
105 mounting base
200 liquid storage tank
201 drying tube
202 air pipe
203 liquid pipe
205 signal cable
300 hydraulic pressure sensor
301 capillary tube
304 ferrule connector
305 pressure receiving end of hydraulic pressure sensor
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions that the present disclosure can be implemented, so that the present disclosure is not limited to the technical essence, and any structural modifications, ratio changes, or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter, comprising: subside board 100, the protective housing that links to each other with subside board 100 arranges the installation base 105 of protective housing below in to and arrange in the protective housing drying tube 201, liquid storage pot 200 and the hydraulic sensor 300 that from top to bottom set gradually, the intussuseption of drying tube 201 is filled with dry medium, has held liquid in the liquid storage pot 200, the bottom of drying tube 201 through the connecting pipe with the top of liquid storage pot 200 is linked together, the top of drying tube 201 through trachea 202 with the end of ventilating of hydraulic sensor 300 communicates mutually, the bottom of liquid storage pot 200 through liquid pipe 203 with the pressurized end 305 of hydraulic sensor 300 is linked together, hydraulic sensor 300 has the communication unit that links to each other with external equipment. According to the invention, a closed space is formed by adopting the liquid storage tank 200, the drying pipe 201, the air pipe 202, the liquid pipe 203 and the pressure receiving end and the air vent end of the hydraulic sensor 300, the liquid pressure difference value is used as a test physical quantity to express the settlement quantity of the settlement plate 100 relative to an installation reference, the whole system is isolated from the outside and is not influenced by atmospheric pressure change and temperature change, and the settlement measurement accuracy is improved.
In order to facilitate installation and adapt to various environments, the protective shell in this embodiment is divided into an upper protective shell 102 and a lower protective shell 104, and a pipeline protective sleeve 103 is connected between the upper protective shell 102 and the lower protective shell 104, as shown in fig. 1; the drying pipe 201 and the liquid storage tank 200 are arranged in the upper protective shell 102, as shown in figure 2; the hydraulic sensor 300 is arranged in the lower protective shell 104, and the liquid pipe 203 and the air pipe 202 are arranged in the pipeline protective sleeve 103 in a penetrating manner. In this embodiment, the protective casing is divided into an upper protective casing 102 and a lower protective casing 104 which are independent from each other, so that the connection length between the upper protective casing and the lower protective casing can be set as required, that is, the lengths of the pipeline protective casing 103, the liquid pipe 203 and the air pipe 202 can be set at will, and the protective casing is suitable for various environments.
In this embodiment, the connecting pipe connecting the liquid storage tank 200 and the drying pipe 201 is a 2-part PE pipe, the top of the air pipe 202 is connected with the top of the drying pipe after being bent by 180 degrees, the liquid pipe 203 is a 3-part PE pipe, the air pipe 202 and the liquid pipe 203 extend into the lower protective casing 104 after being protected by the pipe protective sleeve 103, and the pipe protective sleeve 103 is a plastic rubber pipe in this embodiment. In order to facilitate the connection between the air tube 202 and the hydraulic sensor 300, in this embodiment, the ventilation end of the hydraulic sensor is connected to a capillary 301 made of copper or nylon and connected to a ferrule adapter 304, and the ferrule adapter 304 is connected to the air tube 202.
In this embodiment, the upper protective shell 102 is filled with an epoxy resin sealing material for fixing the drying tube 201 and the liquid storage tank 200. The lower protective shell 104 is filled with an epoxy resin sealing material for fixing the hydraulic sensor 300. The settlement plate 100 is connected with the upper protective shell 102 by a flange plate 101. Both the upper protective shell 102 and the lower protective shell 104 may be made of PVC tubing. The mounting base 105 may be made of 1 inch galvanized steel pipe and connected to the lower protective casing 104 by a connector.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic sensor 300 includes a diffused silicon pressure sensing element and a constant current excitation circuit board, the communication unit is a signal cable 205, and the signal cable 205 extends from the protective shell to the settlement plate 100 and protrudes out. The communication unit outputs RS485 communication signals or 4-20ma current signals, and wireless signal transmission can also be adopted. Hydraulic sensor 300 may be disposed within a stainless steel protective housing.
In this embodiment, the drying medium filled in the drying tube 201 may be a silica gel drying agent, the drying tube and the air tube are filled with natural air, and the drying medium only needs to be free from decomposition after moisture absorption; the main function of the drying tube 201 is to absorb the evaporated moisture of the liquid, keep the interior of the air tube 202, the capillary tube 301 and the ventilation end of the hydraulic pressure sensor dry, and isolate the liquid and the gas by the drying tube. The liquid storage tank 200, the drying tube 201, the liquid tube 203, the air tube 202, the hydraulic pressure sensor 300 and the capillary tube 301 form a closed space. The liquid storage tank 200 is filled with 75-90% of the liquid, the liquid pipe 203 is filled with the liquid, and the liquid is glycol water solution. The top of the liquid storage tank 200 has no liquid space, and the drying tube 201, the air tube 202 and the capillary tube 301 are filled with natural air, and the air pressure at all the positions is equal. When the natural air is affected by the external temperature and the air pressure in the closed space changes, the air pressure changes of the pressure receiving end and the air ventilating end of the hydraulic sensor 300 are the same, the air pressure values are automatically offset during measurement, and the pressure tested by the pressure receiving end of the hydraulic sensor 300 is always the pressure generated by the liquid, namely the pressure generated by the liquid and always detected by the hydraulic sensor is irrelevant to the environmental change.
The liquid storage tank 200 and the liquid pipe 203 are filled with ethylene glycol aqueous solution, and the solution amount in the liquid storage tank 200 is 75-90% of the volume of the liquid storage tank. The amount of the liquid filled in the liquid storage tank 200 is controlled to be 75-90%, mainly according to different environmental conditions of water installation and land installation. The perpendicularity of the upper protection shell 102 is difficult to control during water installation, in order to prevent liquid from directly entering the drying pipe 201 to cause failure of the drying pipe due to overlarge inclination during installation, the liquid filling amount is controlled to be 75%, the temperature change of the whole settlement gauge sinking into the water bottom after the water installation is completed is very small, and the liquid filling amount of the very small 75% of the liquid evaporation amount can sufficiently meet the evaporation requirement of the settlement gauge in the whole service life. The perpendicularity of the upper protective shell 102 can be easily controlled during land installation, the liquid filling amount is controlled to be 90%, and the evaporation requirement can be better met.
The invention also provides a settlement measuring method adopting the hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter, which comprises the following steps:
1) calibrating the pressure value of the hydraulic sensor, and when the hydraulic sensor has a zero water head (no liquid pressure) value, adjusting the hydraulic sensor to enable the output current to be a calibration initial value a1, wherein a1 is 4ma in the embodiment; the full-scale tap value during calibration is recorded as H, the output current of the hydraulic sensor is adjusted to be the maximum value during the full-scale tap value, wherein a2 is 20ma in the embodiment, and the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition is recorded; after calibration, installing the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter, wherein the full-scale water head value refers to the height distance between the installed settlement plate and the hydraulic sensor;
2) initial value test: testing and obtaining the initial current value I of the hydraulic sensor0And recording the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition, and recording as the density rho of the liquid under the initial value test time temperature condition0；
3) And (3) settlement observation: testing and obtaining the settlement observation time current value I of the hydraulic sensor when the settlement is observediAnd recording the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition, and recording as the density rho of the liquid under the temperature condition at the sedimentation observation test momenti；
4) Calculating the current sedimentation amount deltas according to the data recorded in the step 2) and the step 3):
Δs＝((I0-a1/(a2-a1)×H–ΔH0C–ΔH0T)–((Ii-a1)/(a2-a1)×H–ΔHiC–ΔHiT)
wherein, deltas is the settlement amount from the initial value test time to the settlement observation time;
I0、Ii-initial current value and sedimentation observation time current value;
a1, a 2-hydraulic pressure sensor output current calibration initial value and output current calibration maximum value;
h- -calibrating the full-scale tap value;
ΔH0C-calibrating the value of the head variation due to the temperature variation of the liquid pipe from the moment of the calibration to the moment of the initial value test;
ΔH0Twater caused by a change in the temperature of the liquid from the calibration time to the initial value test timeA head variation value;
ΔHiC-calibrating the value of the variation of the head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid pipe from the moment of the calibration to the moment of the observation of the sedimentation;
ΔHiT-calibrating the value of the variation of head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid from the moment of observation of the sedimentation.
A specific sedimentation measurement process as the above-mentioned sedimentation meter is as follows:
1) factory calibration: the specific gravity of the aqueous ethylene glycol solution is related to the temperature and concentration. The liquid is preferably a 30% concentration by volume aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. According to the relevant data, the specific gravity of an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol having a volume concentration of 30% at-10 ℃ to 55 ℃ is as follows:
| temperature of | -10 | -5 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Specific gravity kg/m3 | 1054.31 | 1053.11 | 1051.78 | 1050.33 | 1048.76 | 1047.07 | 1045.25 |
| Temperature of | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 |
| Specific gravity kg/m3 | 1043.32 | 1041.26 | 1039.08 | 1036.78 | 1034.36 | 1031.81 | 1029.15 |
The highest precision of the hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter can be 1mm, and the hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter is calibrated according to specific use requirements. When the settlement meter leaves a factory for calibration, the hydraulic sensor can be calibrated, and the whole settlement meter can also be calibrated. For accurate sedimentation observation, calibration of the whole sedimentation meter should be chosen. The present embodiment is described in terms of calibrating a hydraulic sensor.
Firstly, collecting the normal temperature condition of a use environment, and checking the specific weight of the liquid according to the temperature;
secondly, determining the maximum working water head value of the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter, wherein under the normal condition, the water head value is the highest when the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter is installed, the maximum water head value is determined as the maximum measuring range value of the hydraulic sensor, namely a full-scale value P, and the full-scale water head value is H; the minimum value of the hydraulic pressure sensor is 0, i.e., zero.
The method comprises the steps of placing a hydraulic sensor on a pressure sensor calibration frame for pressure value calibration, setting the pressure of the pressure sensor calibration frame to be zero, setting the output current of the hydraulic sensor to be a calibration initial value and to be 4ma, adjusting the pressure value of the pressure sensor calibration frame to be a full value, setting the output current of the hydraulic sensor to be a calibration maximum value and to be 20ma, and completing zero value and full value of the hydraulic sensor for the setting. And then setting the pressure of the calibration frame of the pressure sensor to be near half of the full value, and automatically calculating a nonlinear value by an excitation circuit board in the hydraulic sensor according to the set pressure of the calibration frame of the pressure sensor and the corresponding output current. And completing the calibration of the hydraulic sensor.
2) Initial value test: after the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter is installed, the test is required to wait for more than 30 minutes to obtain the current value I of the hydraulic sensor0Pressure value PR 0Converted into an initial head value HR 0. The initial value test can be combined with the working condition test to calculate the average value for several times according to the field installation condition, or the initial value test is determined after the soil body in the borehole is basically stable after being observed for several days.
3) And (3) settlement observation: when normally observing the settlement, the current value of the hydraulic sensor is observed to be I through the signal cable 205iPressure value PR iConverted into a test head value HR i。
4) And (3) calculating the settlement: setting the actual water head height at the initial value test time as H0The actual head height at the time of observation of settlement is HiThen the sedimentation amount Δ s is equal to H0-Hi
Δs＝((I0-4)/16×H–ΔH0C–ΔH0T)–((Ii--4)/16×H–ΔHiC–ΔHiT) Formula 1
Wherein:
Δ s — the sedimentation amount from the initial value test time to the sedimentation observation time;
I0、Ii-initial current value and sedimentation observation time current value;
h- -calibrating the full-scale tap value;
ΔH0C-measuring a value of head variation due to a change in temperature of the liquid line from the calibration time to the initial value;
ΔH0T-measuring a value of the variation of the head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid from the calibration moment to the initial value;
ΔHiC-calibrating the value of the variation of the head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid pipe from the moment of the calibration to the moment of the observation of the sedimentation;
ΔHiT-calibrating the value of the variation of the head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid from the moment of observation of the sedimentation to the moment of observation of the sedimentation;
the general longitudinal linear expansion coefficient calculation formula of the PE material pipeline is 0.07 mm.L.DELTA.T (L is the pipeline length, and DELTA.T is the temperature change), and the radial deformation can be ignored. The liquid tube elongation at the time of temperature change Δ T was 0.7 · Δ T, calculated over a 10-meter liquid tube length. The use environment of the settlement meter is below the ground, the annual temperature change is generally not more than 10 ℃, taking 10 ℃ as an example, the elongation of the liquid pipe is 7 mm. The water head change value Δ H caused by the volume change of the container material due to the temperature change without changing the relative position of the settling plate 100 and the mounting base 205C＝7×ayA, in this embodiment, a is 30 × 30/4 × 3.14, ay＝10×10/4×3.14。ΔHC＝7×ayAnd a is 0.8 mm. Therefore, in this embodiment, the change in the water head due to the deformation of the liquid tube when the temperature changes can be ignored.
Therefore, the sedimentation value expressed by formula 1 can be expressed as:
Δs＝((I0-4)/16×H–ΔH0T)–((Ii-4)/16×H–ΔHiT)
＝(I0–Ii)/16×H–(ΔH0T–ΔHiT)
(ΔH0T–ΔHiT)＝(G/ρ–G/ρ0)/a–(G/ρ–G/ρi)/a
＝(G/ρi–G/ρ0)/a＝(1/ρi–1/ρ0)·G/a
wherein:
ρ0testing the density of the liquid under the temperature condition at the moment as an initial value;
ρiobserving the density of the liquid at the test time under the temperature condition for sedimentation;
a is the sectional area of the liquid storage tank;
and G is the liquid filling amount of the hydraulic sensor surface layer settlement meter.
Therefore, the calculated value of the sedimentation amount from the initial value measurement time to the sedimentation observation time is expressed as:
Δs＝(I0–Ii)/16×H-(1/ρi–1/ρ0)·G/a
in summary, the hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement gauge and the settlement measuring method of the invention adopt the liquid pressure difference value as the physical measurement quantity to express the settlement quantity of the settlement plate relative to the installation reference; the liquid storage tank, the drying pipe, the air pipe, the liquid pipe and the pressure end and the air vent end of the hydraulic sensor form a closed space, the whole system is isolated from the outside, the influence of atmospheric pressure change and temperature change is avoided, and the accuracy of settlement measurement is improved; in addition, the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter can be embedded by drilling, and the observation datum is arranged in the deep soil layer and is not influenced by the displacement of the site datum point; the invention has strong adaptability, can be applied to various environments, particularly has more advantages in severe environments, such as surface layer settlement (settlement at the original mud surface of the sea bottom) observation in hydraulic related projects of sea reclamation, sea embankment construction and the like. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A settlement measuring method of a hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter is characterized in that the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter comprises the following steps: the device comprises a settlement plate, a protective shell connected with the settlement plate, an installation base arranged below the protective shell, and a drying tube, a liquid storage tank and a hydraulic sensor which are arranged in the protective shell from top to bottom in sequence, wherein a drying medium is filled in the drying tube; the sedimentation measurement method comprises the following steps:
1) calibrating a pressure value of the hydraulic sensor, and adjusting the output current of the hydraulic sensor to be a calibration initial value a1 when the hydraulic sensor has zero water head; the full-scale tap value during calibration is recorded as H, the output current of the hydraulic sensor corresponding to the full-scale tap value is adjusted to be a calibration maximum value a2, and the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition is recorded; after calibration, installing the hydraulic sensing surface settlement meter, wherein the full-scale water head value refers to the height distance between the installed settlement plate and the hydraulic sensor;
2) initial value test: testing and obtaining the initial current value I of the hydraulic sensor0And recording the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition, and recording as the density rho of the liquid under the initial value test time temperature condition0；
3) And (3) settlement observation: testing and obtaining the settlement observation time current value I of the hydraulic sensor when the settlement is observediAnd recording the density of the liquid in the liquid storage tank under the current temperature condition, and recording as the density rho of the liquid under the temperature condition at the sedimentation observation test momenti；
4) Calculating the current sedimentation amount deltas according to the data recorded in the step 2) and the step 3):
Δs＝((I0-a1)/(a2-a1)×H–ΔH0C–ΔH0T)–((Ii-a1)/(a2-a1)×H–ΔHiC–ΔHiT)
wherein, deltas is the settlement amount from the initial value test time to the settlement observation time;
I0、Ii-initial current value and sedimentation observation time current value;
a1, a 2-hydraulic sensor output current calibration initial value and output current calibration maximum value
H- -calibrating the full-scale tap value;
ΔH0C-calibrating a value of head variation due to temperature variation of the liquid pipe from the moment of time to the moment of initial value test;
ΔH0T-calibrating the value of the variation of the head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid from the moment of time of calibration to the moment of initial value of test;
ΔHiC-calibrating the value of the variation of head due to the variation of the temperature of said liquid pipe from the moment of observation of sedimentation to the moment of observation of sedimentation;
ΔHiT-calibrating the value of the variation of head due to the variation of the temperature of the liquid from the moment of observation of the sedimentation.
2. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective housing divide into protective housing, lower protective housing, goes up and is equipped with the pipeline protective sheath between protective housing and the lower protective housing even, the drying tube with the liquid storage pot is arranged in the protective housing, hydraulic sensor arranges in the protective housing down, the liquid pipe the trachea is worn to establish in the pipeline protective sheath.
3. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and epoxy resin sealing materials for fixing the drying tube and the liquid storage tank are filled in the upper protective shell.
4. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and an epoxy resin sealing material for fixing the hydraulic sensor is filled in the lower protective shell.
5. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying medium is silica gel drying agent.
6. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid storage tank and the liquid pipe are filled with glycol aqueous solution, and the solution amount in the liquid storage tank is 75-90% of the volume of the liquid storage tank.
7. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the drying tube and the air tube are filled with natural air.
8. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic sensor comprises a diffused silicon pressure sensitive element and a constant-current excitation circuit board, the communication unit is a signal cable, and the signal cable extends from the protective shell to the sedimentation plate and extends out of the sedimentation plate.
9. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: and the communication unit outputs an RS485 communication signal or a 4-20ma current signal.
10. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic sensor is arranged in a stainless steel protective shell.
11. The sedimentation measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air vent end of the hydraulic sensor is connected with a capillary tube made of copper or nylon, and the capillary tube is connected with the air tube through a clamping sleeve joint.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710824274.6A CN109489626B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Hydraulic sensing surface layer settlement meter and settlement measuring method |
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| US11802767B2 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2023-10-31 | Ocean University Of China | In-situ observation system for bottom boundary layer over shallow-water cohesive seabed and arrangement method thereof |
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| CN110470273B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-07-09 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway roof subsidence measuring ball monitoring method based on pressure difference |
| CN112629491B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-10-25 | 中铁上海设计院集团有限公司 | Calculation method for railway monitoring elevation fluctuation considering temperature error |
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