CN109479692A - A kind of citrus being suitable under laboratory condition grows directly from seeds the device and method of seedling water planting - Google Patents
A kind of citrus being suitable under laboratory condition grows directly from seeds the device and method of seedling water planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109479692A CN109479692A CN201811598585.6A CN201811598585A CN109479692A CN 109479692 A CN109479692 A CN 109479692A CN 201811598585 A CN201811598585 A CN 201811598585A CN 109479692 A CN109479692 A CN 109479692A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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Abstract
Grow directly from seeds the device and method of seedling water planting the invention discloses a kind of citrus being suitable under laboratory condition, there is provided one kind quickly breeding citrus can grow directly from seeds seedling in laboratory conditions, can accurately control condition of culture and facilitate the hydroponic device and method of experimental observation and measurement.Hydroponic device of the present invention is made of water planting slot, field planting plate and aerating system.The ciltivating process are as follows: acquire high-quality citrus seed and carry out 5% sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethyl alcohol combined disinfection, then in 30 DEG C of temperature, the dark condition vernalization of air humidity 70-80%.Selection sprouts consistent seed and sows and cultivate January, then chooses the consistent Seeding planting of growth and cultivates in the water planting slot of the Hoagland and Aron nutrient solution equipped with improvement.The present invention can replace soil to carry out quick citrus growing directly from seeds seedling culture, while can carry out scientific experimentation by accurately controlling condition of culture, and conveniently determine and data acquisition.Hydroponic device structure of the present invention is simple, cost is relatively low, has the characteristics that convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, it is related to a kind of citrus and grows directly from seeds the device and method of seedling water planting.
Background technique
Citrus is the largest fruit in the world, and cultivated area is extensive.Citrus generallys use propagation by grafiting, and the superiority and inferiority grown directly from seeds directly affects
The growth and development of citrus and yield and quality, and growing directly from seeds then must Seedling propagation.Wherein trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata
(L.) Raf.] it is that most important in worldwide and most common citrus grows directly from seeds.In recent years, the science carried out using trifoliate orange as material
Study more and more, to be also referred to as in citrus " arabidopsis ".Root system of plant is carried out by water planting mode and mineral nutrition is ground
Study carefully the means of being very important.Water planting refers in the case where no soil, cultivates and plants in the liquid solution of water and nutrients
Object.But it is currently available that ciltivating process is often suitable only for also herbaceous plant, and be not suitable for citrus and grow directly from seeds equal xylophytas.Separately
Outside, citrus grow directly from seeds usually require Mycorrhizal Symbiosiss could normal growth, therefore establish one kind and be suitable for citrus and grow directly from seeds the fast fast-growing of seedling
Long hydroponic device and method becomes a bottleneck of Citrus Root and Study of Mineral.Inventor since 2008 gradually
It explores to establish and is suitable for citrus and grows directly from seeds the ciltivating process of seedling, had been set up one kind at present after 10 years and be suitable for citrus and grow directly from seeds
The ciltivating process of seedling has simultaneously carried out a series of scientific researches on this basis.
Summary of the invention
Grow directly from seeds the ciltivating process of seedling culture the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of citrus being suitable under laboratory condition, the party
Method, which is sprouted from seed to citrus, grows directly from seeds the growth of seedling, it is easier to control and operate, factor is single and nullability is strong, is suitble to experiment
Progress, improve the accuracy of experimental data.
The purpose of the present invention is what is realized by following measures:
A kind of citrus being suitable for experiment grows directly from seeds the ciltivating process of seedling culture, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the acquisition and storage of citrus seed.Mature on annual autumn acquisition elite stand, the citrusfruit of no disease pest takes out
Seed, and rationally save.
Step 2: the vernalization of citrus true seed.Using 5% sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethyl alcohol combined disinfection, then vernalization.
The sowing and seedling management of germination seed Step 3: citrus grows directly from seeds.Seed after germination is seeded into sterilized matrix
Culture, until reaching requirement of experiment.
Step 4: the preparation of nutrient solution.It is prepared using Hoagland the and Aron nutrient solution prescription of improvement, and stored safely.
Step 5: the installation of hydroponic device.Hydroponic device of the invention is made of water planting slot (plate containing field planting) and aerating system.Its
Middle aerating system is made of power supply, time switch, air pump and gas-guide tube (band gas stone).
Step 6: field planting and Rooted Cuttings management.The seedling for growing consistent (plant height is consistent, blade 5-6 piece) is chosen, water planting training is carried out
It supports, and venting in timing manner and periodic replacement nutrient solution.
Preferably, the citrus grows directly from seeds in seedling ciltivating process, 5% sodium hypochlorite of seed and 70% ethyl alcohol combined disinfection
Time be respectively 90 seconds and 15 minutes.
Preferably, during the citrus grows directly from seeds seedling ciltivating process, the material of water planting slot is PE plastics, and color selects black,
Specification is 30 centimetres of 25 cm x, 20 cm x.
Preferably, during the citrus grows directly from seeds seedling ciltivating process, field planting the used material of plate is 0.5 millimeter of two-sided black K T
Plate, as shown in Figure 1A, field planting plate gauge lattice are 25 centimetres of 30 cm x to the design of field planting plate, and every 8 hole of plate, arrangement mode is as shown in Figure 1.
Preferably, during the citrus grows directly from seeds seedling ciltivating process, the nutrient solution is that 1/2Hoagland and Aron is sought
Nutrient solution.
Preferably, the citrus grows directly from seeds in seedling ciltivating process, and the nutrient solution duration of ventilation is every 3 hours, and every 15
Rising nutrient solution duration of ventilation is 15 minutes, and the gas production of air pump is 50 liters/min, is pumped as 0.028 megapascal.Aerating system is such as
It is designed shown in Figure 1B.
Preferably, during the citrus grows directly from seeds seedling ciltivating process, the time for regularly replacing nutrient solution is early growth period 5 days every
Secondary, 3 days later periods (growth animated period) are every time.
Preferably, during the citrus grows directly from seeds seedling ciltivating process, the growth parameter(s) of vegetable material is set are as follows: warm round the clock
It is poor and it is time-interleaved be 14/10 hour, 28/22 DEG C, 75% relative humidity and 800 μm of ol m-2s-1Intensity of illumination every 20
Minute ventilation 2 minutes；
The present invention is include at least the following beneficial effects:
The present invention carries out the disinfection of citrus seed using 5% sodium hypochlorite and the united method of 70% ethyl alcohol, then carries out subsequent
Step can effectively remove harmful worm's ovum and bacterium in seed, improve germination uniformity and further nutrition
Contaminated possibility in liquid culture.
The present invention provides consistent growth parameter(s) for the grow directly from seeds growth and development of seedling of citrus, and growth conditions are good, therefore obtain
Citrus seedling consistency of growing directly from seeds it is good, accurate study for the scientific experiment in later period carries out good preparation.
Use scope of the invention is wide, can be suitable for the various citruses including trifoliate orange under conditions of not changing all parameters
The water planting culture grown directly from seeds, such as red tangerine, citrange, fragrant citrus.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that citrus grows directly from seeds seedling hydroponic device field planting plate schematic diagram (A) and water planting aerating system schematic diagram (B)；
Fig. 2 is that citrus grows directly from seeds seedling water planting flow chart；
Fig. 3 be citrus not of the same race grow directly from seeds seedling water planting effect picture (A) fragrant citrus, (B) citrange, (C) red tangerine, (D) India acid tangerine and
(E) shaddock；
Fig. 4 is that trifoliate orange difference mineral nutrition lacks rear blade symptom figure (A) boron deficiency, (B) iron deficiency, (C) magnesium deficiency and (D) control.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, to enable those skilled in the art referring to explanation
Book text can be implemented accordingly.
Such as " have " it should be appreciated that used herein, "comprising" and " comprising " term do not allot it is one or more its
The presence or addition of its element or combinations thereof.
The present invention provides a kind of citrus for being suitable for experiment and grows directly from seeds the ciltivating process of seedling culture, and flow chart is as shown in Fig. 2,
Include the following steps:
Step 1: the acquisition and storage of citrus seed.Mature on elite stand, the citrusfruit of no disease pest is acquired, is stood after taking-up seed
It is cleaned with clear water, removal fruit juice and other jellies, shady place are stored after drying.Preferably, seed moisture content control exists
Between 30-40%, 4 DEG C of preservations in freezer or refrigerator are listed to indicate kind, the place of production and storage date, every month take seed
It dries out, prevents from going mouldy.
Step 2: the vernalization of citrus true seed.Full seed, the seed without mildew, N/D are selected, is cleaned with distilled water,
It removes the seed of silt and floating and impregnates 30 minutes (if the longer seed of storage time may be selected to impregnate 1 with 35-40 DEG C of warm water
Hour, then boshing water are stayed overnight)；Distilled water is removed, is impregnated 15 minutes with 5% sodium hypochlorite, it is primary every stirring in 4-5 minutes；?
Sodium hypochlorite is removed, washes 3 times 30 seconds every time with 70% ethyl alcohol；Ethyl alcohol is removed, with sterile washing 3 times；The seed handled well is uniform
It puts in the vernalization disk for being covered with gauze, gauze will sterilize and sufficiently be soaked with sterile water；Vernalization disk is placed in constant incubator
In, setting parameter is as follows: 30 DEG C of temperature, illumination 0 (dark condition) air humidity 70-80% will carry out incubator before vernalization
Cleaning and sterilizing；Daily plus aqua sterilisa keeps wet, (aqua sterilisa will be put into incubator in advance and preheat) and removes hair at any time
Seed that is mould, changing colour, lose vigor.
The sowing and seedling management method of germination seed Step 3: citrus grows directly from seeds, the method is as follows: by taking trifoliate orange seed as an example, generally exist
Vernalization latter week just has plantation and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and is within 10 days to 15 days the concentration sprout time of seed, the seed that period is sprouted as
The seed of sowing, before and after sprout all discard, the seedling being achieved in that have relatively good consistency；Seedling culture
Matrix prepares, and generally selects the vermiculite of good cost performance, can also select other, principle is that matrix will not be to seedlings root
There is attachment, in order to avoid being not easy to clean up when transplanting seedlings, and pollutes nutrient solution；The sterilizing of matrix, matrix is encased in sterilizing bag,
121 DEG C of high-pressure sterilizing pot, 15 minutes；The selection of container for plant growth, the basin with certain depth, citrus grow directly from seeds as deep root system,
Never with shallow basin；Basin is filled, after the matrix gone out is mixed with sterile water saturates, turntable is sure not too full；Thickness of sowing is appropriate, cuts
Too not close, no person's transplanting is to be easy to hurt root system, and infection root rot is easy in water planting；Following basin sows 10-15；Sowing
When make sure to keep in mind to sprout " bud " downwards (what is first sprouted is radicle)；Finally it is subject into and covers one layer of matrix, about 2 centimetres of thickness.It sprinkles profoundly water；It broadcasts
After kind, basin (alms bowl) is covered into thin film, film selects the mulch good for photosensitiveness, and there are stomatas, plays heat preservation and protects
Wet effect；It is the daily management just thrown off film, and carry out conventional when seedling grows to two panels true leaf.
Step 4: the preparation of nutrient solution.The present invention is main foundation with Hoagland and Aron nutrient solution prescription and does appropriate
Modification.Nutrient solution nutrient formula are as follows: 6mM KNO3,4mM Ca(NO3)2,1mM NH4H2PO4,2mM MgSO4,9μM MnCl2,0.8
μM ZnSO4,0.3μM CuSO4,0.01μM H2MoO4and 50μM EDTA-Fe.The suitable soil pH value of citrus is 6.0-
6.5, can all have an adverse effect to the absorption of mineral element lower than 5.5 and higher than 7.5.The adjusting of pH value of the present invention can make
With 0.5 mole of H2SO4With 1 mole of NaOH.All prepared stock solutions (mother liquor) and working solution will be stored in opaque
Container in, in order to avoid failure and breed algae (doing boron deficiency experiment will then be housed in plastic containers, in order to avoid boron pollution).In addition match
The dosage of nutrient solution processed, the seedling growth stage that be grown directly from seeds according to citrus determine: 1/4 dosage of preculture period is changed to 1/2 dose after normal
Amount.
Step 5: the installation of hydroponic device.Hydroponic device of the invention is made of water planting slot (plate containing field planting) and aerating system.Its
Middle aerating system is made of power supply, time switch, air pump and gas-guide tube (band gas stone).
Step 6: field planting and Rooted Cuttings management.The seedling for growing consistent (plant height is consistent, blade 5-7 piece) is chosen, root is cleaned
It is transferred in water planting environment after clean, to pay special attention to not hurt root during transfer, in order to avoid cause root disease；It is colonized plate
The KT plate of two-sided black thickness 0.5cm is selected, configured nutrient solution is placed in advance in container and then the citrus seedling cultivated is existed
Basal part of stem is filled in the hole of field planting plate after wrapping up in sponge strip；Experiment carries out in illumination box, growth parameter(s) setting are as follows: round the clock
The temperature difference and it is time-interleaved be 14/10 hour, 28/22 DEG C, 75% relative humidity and 800 μm of ol m-2s-1Intensity of illumination it is every
It took a breath 2 minutes every 20 minutes；Citrus seedling of the early growth in matrix will be through adaptation after a period of time after being transferred to water planting
Property growth, water planting environment could be adapted to completely.In general it just can be carried out by 2-3 weeks preculture until there is new root to grow
Otherwise experiment process can have a huge impact experimental result；Ventilatory capacity is by the volume of nutrient solution and the quantity of field planting plant
It determines, duration of ventilation is that ventilations in every 3 hours are advisable for 15 minutes by taking 5 liters of water planting containers as an example；The present invention is primary every measurement in 3 days
The pH value of nutrition will use 0.5 mole of H when pH value is greater than 7.5 or less than 5.52SO4Or 1 mole of NaOH adjusting is arrived
6.0-6.5；It the case where according to Ci trus growth, growth of seedling lag phase, can be primary with replacement in every 5 days；And it is vigorous in plant strain growth
It is primary that phase then takes replacement in every 3 days.
Citrus established by the present invention grows directly from seeds seedling hydroponic device and method, significant by verification the verifying results.Now by reality of the invention
Example is applied to be described in detail as follows:
Embodiment 1
A kind of suitable trifoliate orange and other citruses grow directly from seeds the ciltivating process of seedling culture, include the following steps:
Select full seed, without mildew, the trifoliate orange of N/D, fragrant citrus, citrange, red tangerine, India acid tangerine and shaddock seed, use distilled water
It cleans, remove the seed of silt and floating and impregnates 30 minutes；Remove distilled water, with 5% sodium hypochlorite impregnate 15 minutes, often
It is primary every stirring in 4-5 minutes；Sodium hypochlorite is removed, is impregnated 90 seconds with 70% ethyl alcohol；Ethyl alcohol is removed, with sterile washing 3 times；It will place
The seed managed uniformly is put in the vernalization disk for being covered with gauze, and gauze will sterilize and sufficiently be soaked with sterile water；By vernalization disk
It is placed in constant incubator, setting parameter is as follows: 30 DEG C of temperature, illumination 0 (dark condition) air humidity 70-80%,；It is daily to add
Aqua sterilisa keeps wet, and removes seed that is mouldy, changing colour, lose vigor at any time；Obtain seedling within vernalization 7-14 days.
It just has within the seed that trifoliate orange and other citruses grow directly from seeds 1 week generally after vernalization and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sprout within 10 days to the concentration that 14 days are seeds
The time is sent out, the seed that period is sprouted is as the seed of sowing, with the standard sowing of 15 every basins in the nutrition that 5L vermiculite is housed
In alms bowl.After sowing, select as the good mulch of photosensitiveness is by basin (alms bowl) covering and there are stomatas；When to grow to two panels true for seedling
Leaf is the daily management just thrown off film, and carry out conventional, until there is the appearance of 5-6 piece true leaf.
First by aerating system by power supply, time switch, air pump and gas-guide tube (band gas stone) connection, be then placed in water planting slot
In.
Choose the seedling progress preculture for growing consistent (plant height is consistent, the true piece of blade 5-6).After trifoliate orange seedling root is cleaned up
It is transferred in Hoagland the and Aron nutrient solution equipped with the improvement of 1/4 dosage, pH value 6.0.Experiment in illumination box into
Row, growth parameter(s) setting are as follows: day and night temperature and it is time-interleaved be 14/10 hour, 28/22 DEG C, 75% relative humidity and
800μmol m-2s-1Intensity of illumination every 20 minutes take a breath 2 minutes.It ventilates 15 minutes within every 3 hours, the primary battalion of replacement in every 5 days
Nutrient solution.
As shown in attached drawing 2,3, trifoliate orange and other citruses grow directly from seeds seedling (A) fragrant citrus, (B) citrange, (C) red tangerine, (D) India acid tangerine and
(E) shaddock can normally grow in water planting environment of the invention.
Embodiment 2
The growth comparative test of water planting of the present invention and normal soil culture.
Using trifoliate orange (a kind of citrus grow directly from seeds) seed as material, full seed, the seed without mildew, N/D are selected, is washed with distillation
Only, then with 5% sodium hypochlorite impregnate 15 minutes；90s is impregnated with 70% ethyl alcohol again；It uses rinsed with sterile water 3 times again；By what is handled well
Seed is uniformly put in the vernalization disk for being covered with wet gauze, and vernalization disk is placed in constant incubator, and setting parameter is as follows: temperature
30 DEG C of degree, (dark condition) air humidity of illumination 0 70-80%.
It just has within trifoliate orange seed 1 week generally after vernalization and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, be within 10 days to 14 days the concentration sprout time of seed, period is sprouted
Seed of the seed as sowing, with the standard sowing of 15 every basins in the nutritive cube equipped with 5L vermiculite.After sowing, choosing
It selects as the good mulch of photosensitiveness is by basin (alms bowl) covering and there are stomatas；It is just to throw off film when seedling grows to two panels true leaf, goes forward side by side
The conventional daily management of row, until there is the appearance of 5-6 piece true leaf.
Before water planting transplanting, first by the power supply of aerating system, time switch, air pump and gas-guide tube (band gas stone) connection, it is then placed in
Into water planting slot.
Choose the seedling progress preculture for growing consistent (plant height is consistent, the true piece of blade 5-6).After trifoliate orange seedling root is cleaned up
It is transferred in Hoagland the and Aron nutrient solution equipped with the improvement of 1/4 dosage, pH value 6.0.Experiment in illumination box into
Row, growth parameter(s) setting are as follows: day and night temperature and it is time-interleaved be 14/10 hour, 28/22 DEG C, 75% relative humidity and
800μmol m-2s-1Intensity of illumination every 20 minutes take a breath 2 minutes.It ventilates 15 minutes within every 3 hours, the primary battalion of replacement in every 5 days
Nutrient solution.
Normal soil culture.Select same as water planting slot container, lower part begins to rehearse water hole.Every basin plantation and ciltivating process of the present invention
The same strain number, trifoliate orange seedling of a size.It is allowed to grow under identical culture and management condition, until experiment terminates.
Root morphology compares.Each 9 plants of trifoliate orange seedling of water planting of the present invention and soil incubation are randomly selected, are washed with deionized water.It is main
After root long degree is measured with graduated scale, by each root system sample Epson digital scanner (Expression 10000XL
1.0, Epson Inc.Japan) it is scanned, then use WinRhizo Pro (S) v. 2004b software (Regent
Instruments Inc., Canada) software carry out Root morphology analysis to obtain total root long, average diameter, root total surface
The data such as long-pending and lateral root number.
Element determination.Each 9 plants of the trifoliate orange seedling of water planting of the present invention and soil incubation are taken respectively.The plant fetched is clear with deionized water
It washes, is then divided into 3 root, stem, leaf parts.The above sample is fitted into papery sample sack, number, which is placed in 105 DEG C of baking ovens, kills
20 minutes green, then drying to constant weight in 75 DEG C of constant temperature ovens.Dry sample after weighing is pulverized and sieved, is placed in drier and protects
Deposit the measurement for Mineral Elements Content.0.50 gram of dry sample powder or so is weighed, weighed powder is placed in the dry pot of quartz,
It is ashed 6 hours in Muffle furnace with 500 DEG C, 0.1 equivalent HCl is added when furnace temperature drops to room temperature, 10 milliliters of centrifugations are packed into after filtering
It is to be measured in pipe.The measurement using plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-AES, Thermo, IRIS Advan, USA) of prepare liquid is surveyed
It is fixed, the content of mineral element is obtained after calculating.
Form of the 1 trifoliate orange root system of table in water planting soil incubation compares
Ye Yugen Mineral Elements comparision contents after 2 trifoliate orange of table water planting of the present invention and normal soil culture.
The results showed that citrus grows directly from seeds, seedling (trifoliate orange) is in water planting of the present invention and normal soil culture, equal energy normal growth, and
Growth result in water planting of the present invention is better than normal soil culture.
Embodiment 3
Citrus grow directly from seeds seedling difference mineral nutrient element lack experiment
Using trifoliate orange (a kind of citrus grow directly from seeds) seed as material, full seed, the seed without mildew, N/D are selected, is washed with distillation
Only, then with 5% sodium hypochlorite impregnate 15 minutes, it is primary every stirring in 4-5 minutes；It is impregnated 90 seconds with 70% ethyl alcohol again；Nothing is used again
Bacterium water rinses 3 times；The seed handled well is uniformly put in the vernalization disk for being covered with wet gauze, vernalization disk is placed in constant temperature training
It supports in case, setting parameter is as follows: 30 DEG C of temperature, (dark condition) air humidity of illumination 0 70-80%.
It just has within trifoliate orange seed 1 week generally after vernalization and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, be within 10 days to 14 days the concentration sprout time of seed, period is sprouted
Seed of the seed as sowing, with the standard sowing of 15 every basins in the nutritive cube equipped with 5L vermiculite.After sowing, choosing
It selects as the good mulch of photosensitiveness is by basin (alms bowl) covering and there are stomatas；It is just to throw off film when seedling grows to two panels true leaf, goes forward side by side
The conventional daily management of row, until there is the appearance of 5-6 piece true leaf.
Before water planting transplanting, first by the power supply of aerating system, time switch, air pump and gas-guide tube (band gas stone) connection, it is then placed in
Into water planting slot.
Choose the seedling progress preculture for growing consistent (plant height is consistent, the true piece of blade 5-6).After trifoliate orange seedling root is cleaned up
It is transferred in Hoagland the and Aron nutrient solution equipped with the improvement of 1/4 dosage, pH value 6.0.Experiment in illumination box into
Row, growth parameter(s) setting are as follows: day and night temperature and it is time-interleaved be 14/10 hour, 28/22 DEG C, 75% relative humidity and
800μmol m-2s-1Intensity of illumination every 20 minutes take a breath 2 minutes.It ventilates 15 minutes within every 3 hours, the primary battalion of replacement in every 5 days
Nutrient solution.
After about 3 precultures, time of preculture is determined for judgment criteria to have young leaves or new root to grow.Selection growth phase
The processing of mineral nutrition shortage is carried out to the seedling of consistent (plant height is consistent, the true piece of blade 7-8).To be not added with boron, iron or magnesium
Hoagland and Aron nutrient solution is nutritional deficiency processing, is control with normal Hoagland and Aron nutrient solution, and other elements are equal
Unanimously.It ventilates 15 minutes within every 3 hours, every 3 days replacement one time of nutrition liquid, until symptom occurs completely.
It is as shown in Fig. 4 to test result, wherein A: boron deficiency, B: iron deficiency, C: magnesium deficiency, D: control.
The method for lacking experiment described in embodiment according to the present invention 3 for trifoliate orange difference mineral nutrition, can make trifoliate orange seedling exist
Under the conditions of water planting, the classical symptom of this kind of mineral nutrition shortage can be induced in a short time, while also can easily be seen
Observe the variation of root system form when this kind of mineral nutrition lacks.And it is easy to operate, it is easy to grasp.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its listed fortune not only in the description and the implementation
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily real
Now other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to
Specific details and shown here as in the embodiment of description.
Claims (10)
- A kind of device of seedling water planting 1. citrus being suitable under laboratory condition grows directly from seeds, which is characterized in that dress of the present invention It sets including water planting slot, field planting plate and aerating system.
- The device of seedling water planting 2. a kind of citrus being suitable under laboratory condition according to claim 1 grows directly from seeds, it is special Sign is that the used material of definite value plate is 0.5 millimeter of two-sided black K T plate, and the design of field planting plate as shown in Figure 1A, is colonized plate Specification is 25 centimetres of 30 cm x, and every 8 hole of plate, arrangement mode is as shown in Figure 1.
- The device of seedling water planting 3. a kind of citrus being suitable under laboratory condition according to claim 1 grows directly from seeds, it is special Sign is that the aerating system is constituted containing power supply, microcomputer timing switch, air pump, snorkel, gas stone.
- 4. ventilation pipe diameter according to claim 3 is 3.8 millimeters, the air pump power is 58 watts/220 volts, 50 liters/min Clock, microcomputer timing switch timing is 15 minutes/3 hours, and the electric power output of the power supply is 200 volts/50 hertz.
- The ciltivating process of the hydroponic device of seedling culture 5. a kind of suitable trifoliate orange described in application claim 1 and other citruses grow directly from seeds, It is characterized in that, the ciltivating process the following steps are included:(a) acquisition and storage of citrus seed: mature on annual autumn acquisition elite stand, the citrusfruit of no disease pest takes out seed, And it rationally saves；(b) 5% sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethyl alcohol combined disinfection, then vernalization the vernalization of citrus true seed: are used；(c) citrus grows directly from seeds the sowing and seedling management of germination seed: the seed after germination is seeded into sterilized matrix and trains It supports, until reaching requirement of experiment；(d) preparation of nutrient solution: the present invention for main foundation and makes modification appropriate with Hoagland and Aron nutrient solution prescription, Nutrient solution nutrient formula after improvement are as follows: 6mM KNO3,4mM Ca(NO3)2,1mM NH4H2PO4,2mM MgSO4,9μM MnCl2, 0.8μM ZnSO4,0.3μM CuSO4,0.01μM H2MoO4and 50μM EDTA-Fe；(e) installation of hydroponic device: hydroponic device of the invention is made of water planting slot (plate containing field planting) and aerating system, wherein leading to Gas system is made of power supply, time switch, air pump and snorkel (band gas stone)；(f) it is colonized and Rooted Cuttings management: choosing the seedling for growing consistent (plant height is consistent, blade 5-6 piece), carry out water planting culture, And venting in timing manner and periodic replacement nutrient solution.
- 6. ciltivating process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (a), the seed moisture content control of storage Seed is taken out in storage every January and is dried, prevent from going mouldy between 30-40% by system.
- 7. ciltivating process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (b), take out freezer or refrigerator storage Seed after, impregnated 1 hour with 35-40 DEG C of warm water, then boshing water is stayed overnight, then is carried out disinfection.Disinfecting time are as follows: 5% hypochlorous acid Sodium impregnates 15min, primary every 4-5mim stirring；3 each 30s, vernalization parameter are washed with 70% ethyl alcohol are as follows: 30 DEG C of temperature, light According to 0 (dark condition) air humidity 70-80%, keep seed wet.
- 8. ciltivating process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (c), the cladding thickness of the matrix It is 2 centimetres, the film selection translucency is good, stays leachy mulch, the disinfecting process of the matrix are as follows: be encased in matrix In sterilizing bag, 121 DEG C of high-temperature sterilizations of high-pressure sterilizing pot are put into, the time is 15 minutes, and the matrix after sterilizing is mixed with sterile water saturates After even.
- 9. ciltivating process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (d), when the pH value of nutrient solution is greater than 7.5 or 0.5 mole of H is used when less than 5.52SO4Or 1 mole of NaOH is adjusted to 6.0-6.5, according to Ci trus growth Situation, in every 3 days replacement one time of nutrition liquid of plant strain growth animated period, duration of ventilation is that ventilation in every 3 hours is advisable for 15 minutes.
- 10. ciltivating process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (f), growth parameter(s) setting are as follows: Day and night temperature and it is time-interleaved be 14/10 hour, 28/22 DEG C, 75% relative humidity and 800 μm of ol m-2s-1Intensity of illumination It took a breath 2 minutes every 20 minutes.
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Application publication date: 20190319 |