Medical intervertebral distractor with adjustable distraction height
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical machinery, in particular to a medical intervertebral spreader with adjustable spreading height.
Background
Lumbar spondylolisthesis and degenerative lumbar lateral curvature are common lumbar diseases. Severe lumbar spondylolisthesis, degenerative lumbar lateral curvature, etc. are accompanied by extreme narrowing of the intervertebral space on one or both sides, and during the treatment, the narrow intervertebral space needs to be enlarged. At present, intervertebral distraction devices are lacked in the medical industry, so that the distraction operation of narrow cone gaps is very difficult. Therefore, there is a need for an intervertebral distractor kit that facilitates distraction of narrow intervertebral spaces.
The prior art CN204169915U discloses an intervertebral spreader kit, which needs to be embedded into the body in place, and the spreading height is not adjustable. Prior art CN206761749U discloses an intervertebral spreader, its height of strutting is adjustable, but need set up earlier and have a certain height the breach, put into the breach with it again, then constantly rotate the thread bush, because the mode of strutting through the rotation, when bare-handed rotation, need very big torsion, can't realize the thread bush smoothly and twist reverse, and when adopting external tools such as pliers, because the wound of opening on the human body is difficult too big, consequently also can't use tools such as pliers to twist reverse the thread bush.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the medical intervertebral spreader with adjustable spreading height is provided, one or more defects of the existing intervertebral spreader are overcome, and the convenience in use of the intervertebral spreader is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the medical intervertebral distractor with the adjustable distraction height comprises a distraction body and a pushing body, wherein the distraction body comprises an elliptical cone table and an elliptical cylinder which are sequentially connected and share the same axis, the large end face of the elliptical cone table is connected with the end face of the elliptical cylinder, the distraction body is equally divided into an upper half body a and a lower half body b along a plane passing through the axis of the distraction body, the upper half body a and the lower half body b respectively comprise a semi-elliptical cone table c and a semi-elliptical cylinder d which are sequentially connected, inclined holes are respectively arranged on one side of the semi-elliptical cylinder d far away from the semi-elliptical cone table c, and the distance between the axes of the inclined holes gradually increases along the axis of the distraction body along with the approaching of the semi-elliptical cone table c;
the pushing body comprises a conjunction block and a pulling rod which are sequentially connected, the conjunction block is a V-shaped block and comprises a middle block a and two oblique strips b which are connected with the middle block a, the distance between the oblique strips b is gradually increased along with the distance from the middle block a, one end of the middle block a, which is far away from the inner side of the conjunction block, is connected with one end of the pulling rod, the axis of the pulling rod is parallel to the axis of the strutting body, the oblique strips b are respectively inserted into one oblique hole, and the cross section size of each oblique hole is consistent with that of the oblique strips b;
and the mutually opposite surfaces of the upper half body a and the lower half body b are respectively provided with a guide shaft and a guide hole, the guide hole is matched with the guide shaft, and the axes of the guide shaft and the guide hole are vertical to the plane.
The operation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step A: according to the existing operating method: firstly, a small opening is opened on the intervertebral disc by a osteotome, and then the reamer is used for hollowing out the inner wall of the intervertebral disc;
and B: along a channel generated by a small opening, the small-diameter end of the elliptic cone of the distraction body is placed into the intervertebral disc, and the radius of the short axis in the cross section of the elliptic cone is parallel to the spine;
and C: and then fixing the lower half body b by hands or other machines, and pulling the pulling rod to enable the upper half body a of the spreading body to be far away from the lower half body b along the axis of the guide shaft to reach the required supporting height, so that the whole operation process is finished.
In the step C, the lower half body b is fixed, and when the pulling rod moves along the axis in the direction away from the spreading body, the upper half body b gradually moves in the direction away from the lower half body b along with the movement of the slanted bar b under the matching action of the slanted hole and the slanted surface of the slanted bar b and the limiting and guiding action of the guiding shaft, so that the height adjustment of the spreading body is completed, and the required supporting height is achieved.
The intervertebral spreader designed by the invention is convenient to operate, the height adjustment can be realized by simple pulling, the convenience of use of the intervertebral spreader is improved, the labor intensity of medical workers is reduced, and smooth operation is facilitated.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the medical intervertebral spreader with adjustable spreading height is convenient to operate, the height can be adjusted by simply pulling, the convenience in use of the intervertebral spreader is improved, the labor intensity of medical workers is reduced, and smooth operation is facilitated;
2. the medical intervertebral spreader with adjustable spreading height is provided with the limiting strips and the baffle plates to control the maximum moving distance of the pulling rod in the axial direction and further prevent the guide shaft from falling out of the guide hole
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the pulling rod after being pulled;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the distractor;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a pushing body;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the upper half;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a view from another perspective of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the lower half;
reference numerals in the drawings indicate:
1-opening body, 1 a-upper half body, 1 b-lower half body, 1 c-semi-elliptic cone table, 1 d-semi-elliptic cylinder, 2-pushing body, 3-conjunction block, 3 a-middle block, 3 b-oblique strip, 4-pulling rod, 5-guiding shaft, 6-guiding hole, 7-holding rod, 8-supporting shaft, 9-limiting strip, 10-baffle, 11-handle rod, 12-cross rod and 13-oblique hole.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 13.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-13, the medical intervertebral distractor with adjustable distraction height of the invention comprises a distraction body 1 and a pushing body 2, wherein the distraction body 1 comprises an elliptic cone frustum and an elliptic cylinder which are sequentially connected and coaxial, the large end surface of the elliptic cone frustum is connected with the end surface of the elliptic cylinder, the distraction body 1 is equally divided into an upper half body 1a and a lower half body 1b along a plane passing through the axial line of the distraction body 1, the upper half body 1a and the lower half body 1b both comprise a semi-elliptic cone frustum 1c and a semi-elliptic cylinder 1d which are sequentially connected, an inclined hole 13 is respectively arranged on one side of the semi-elliptic cylinder 1d far away from the semi-elliptic cone frustum 1c, and the distance between the axial lines of the inclined holes 13 gradually increases along the axial line of the distraction body 1 along the axial line approaching to the semi-elliptic cone frustum 1 c;
the pushing body 2 comprises a conjunction block 3 and a pulling rod 4 which are sequentially connected, the conjunction block 3 is a V-shaped block and comprises a middle block 3a and two oblique strips 3b which are connected with the middle block 3a, the distance between the oblique strips 3b is gradually increased along with the distance from the middle block 3a, one end of the middle block 3a, which is far away from the inner side of the conjunction block 3, is connected with one end of the pulling rod 4, the axis of the pulling rod 4 is parallel to the axis of the strutting body 1, the oblique strips 3b are respectively inserted into one oblique hole 13, and the cross section size of each oblique hole 13 is consistent with the cross section size of the oblique strip 3 b;
a guide shaft 5 and a guide hole 6 are respectively arranged on the mutually opposite surfaces of the upper half body 1a and the lower half body 1b, the guide hole 6 is matched with the guide shaft 5, and the axes of the guide shaft 5 and the guide hole 6 are vertical to the plane.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
step A: according to the existing operating method: firstly, a small opening is opened on the intervertebral disc by a osteotome, and then the reamer is used for hollowing out the inner wall of the intervertebral disc;
and B: along a channel generated by a small opening, the small-diameter end of the elliptic cone frustum of the distraction body 1 is placed into the intervertebral disc, and the radius of the short axis in the cross section of the elliptic cone frustum is parallel to the spine;
and C: then the lower half body 1b is fixed by hands or other machines, and the pulling rod 4 is pulled to enable the upper half body 1a of the opening body 1 to be far away from the lower half body 1b along the axis of the guide shaft 5 to reach the required supporting height, and the whole operation process is finished.
In the step C, the lower half body 1b is fixed, when the pulling rod 4 moves along the axis in the direction away from the spreader 1, under the cooperation of the inclined surfaces of the inclined hole 13 and the inclined strip 3b and the limiting and guiding action of the guiding shaft 5, the upper half body 1b gradually moves in the direction away from the lower half body 1b along with the movement of the inclined strip 3b, so that the height adjustment of the spreader 1 is completed, and the required supporting height is achieved.
The intervertebral spreader designed by the invention is convenient to operate, the height adjustment can be realized by simple pulling, the convenience of use of the intervertebral spreader is improved, the labor intensity of medical workers is reduced, and smooth operation is facilitated.
Example 2
This embodiment explains the fixing of the lower half body 1b on the basis of embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 1-7 and 13, the medical intervertebral spreader with adjustable spreading height of the invention is provided with a holding rod 7 at one side of the lower half body 1b provided with an inclined hole 13, the axis of the holding rod 7 is parallel to the axis of the pulling rod 4, one end of the holding rod 7 far away from the lower half body 1b is connected with a handle rod 11, and the axis of the handle rod 11 is perpendicular to the axis of the holding rod 7 and perpendicular to the plane.
The arrangement of the holding rod 7 and the handle rod 11 facilitates the convenient and fast fixing of the lower half body 1b during the use of the present invention, further improving the convenience of operation.
Example 3
The present embodiment is explained for the limitation of the moving distance of the pulling rod 4.
As shown in fig. 1-7 and fig. 9 and 13, the medical intervertebral spreader with adjustable spreading height of the invention is provided with a support shaft 8 and a limit strip 9 which are connected in sequence on one side of the side wall of the holding rod 7 close to the pulling rod 4, the limit strip 9 is bent into a semicircle, the outer convex surface of the limit strip is connected with the holding rod 7 through the support shaft 8, and when the opposite surfaces of the upper half body 1a and the lower half body 1b are contacted with each other, the pulling rod 4 is inscribed in the inner concave surface of the limit strip 9;
a baffle 10 is arranged on one side, close to the holding rod 7, of the side wall of the pulling rod 4, the baffle 10 is located between the lower half body 1b and the limiting strips 9, when the pulling rod 4 is pulled in the direction away from the opening body 1, the baffle 10 can move towards the limiting strips 9 and is in contact with the limiting strips 9, and when the baffle 10 is in contact with the limiting strips 9, the tail end of the guide shaft 5 is located in the guide hole 6.
In order to prevent the guide shaft 5 from being removed from the guide hole 6 due to the excessively large moving distance of the pulling rod 4, and then the upper half body 1a loses the limiting function of the guide shaft 5 to generate the unfavorable condition of moving in the axial direction of the pulling rod 4, a limiting strip 9 and a baffle 10 are arranged to control the maximum moving distance of the pulling rod 4 in the axial direction, and then the guide shaft 5 is prevented from being removed from the guide hole 6.
Example 4
This embodiment is illustrative of the elliptical parameters used in the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-13, in the cross section of the elliptical frustum, the radius of the major axis of the ellipse is R, the radius of the minor axis is R, and the minor axis is 1/2-1/5R and is parallel to the plane.
The flatter the ellipse of the cross section of the elliptical frustum is, the more beneficial the head of the distractor is to be inserted into the spine, but the height of distraction of the head which is too flat is limited, so the ratio of the relationship between the minor axis and the major axis is chosen to be verified in consideration of the above two factors.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the medical intervertebral distractor with adjustable distraction height of the invention is provided with a cross bar 12 on one side of the pulling rod 4 far away from the distraction body 1, and the axis of the cross bar 12 is perpendicular to the axis of the pulling rod 4 and parallel to the plane.
The provision of the crossbar 12 facilitates the operation of the pulling rod 4.
Further, the cross section of the inclined hole is rectangular.
Further, the side wall of the elliptic cone frustum is smoothly transited to the side wall of the elliptic cylinder.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.