CN109352203B - Welding process of open-type structure sleeper beam - Google Patents
Welding process of open-type structure sleeper beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN109352203B CN109352203B CN201811485576.6A CN201811485576A CN109352203B CN 109352203 B CN109352203 B CN 109352203B CN 201811485576 A CN201811485576 A CN 201811485576A CN 109352203 B CN109352203 B CN 109352203B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding process of an open-type structure sleeper beam. The welding process comprises the following steps: s1, welding the track passing plate and the side bearing plate together, and correcting the flatness of the track passing plate and the verticality of the side bearing plate to be qualified; s2, welding pieces formed by welding the aisle boards and the side bearing boards in the step S1 and the bottom board are welded in an assembly mode, and the aisle boards are assembled according to a positive tolerance value; s3, assembling the side bearing support plate and the bent plate to ensure the verticality of the side bearing support plate, and then welding the side bearing support plate, the bent plate, the runway plate and the side bearing plate together; s4, assembling the supporting beam assembly, and then welding the supporting beam assembly with the side bearing plate, the runway plate and the bottom plate together. The process of the invention obviously improves the manufacturing efficiency and the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding process of an open-structure sleeper beam, and belongs to the field of rail vehicle welding.
Background
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a sleeper beam structure, the whole open-structure sleeper beam is a symmetrical structure, and the open-structure sleeper beam mainly comprises a bottom plate 3, two aisle boards 2 fixed at the left and right side ends of the bottom plate 3, two side supporting plates 6 fixed on each aisle board 2, and the two side supporting plates 6 are fixedly connected with each other through side supporting plates 1 and bent plates 4. In addition, a support beam assembly 5 fixed to the outer side surface of the aisle plate 2 is provided between the aisle plate 1 and the aisle plate 2. The bent plates 4 are respectively located at both end portions of the bolster. In fig. 1, the X direction is the longitudinal direction of the bolster, the Y direction is the width direction of the bolster, and the Z direction is the height direction of the bolster.
During welding, a general-purpose design assembly welding tool is adopted, a bottom plate 3, a crossing plate 2, a side bearing plate 1, a bent plate 4 and a side bearing support plate 6 are sequentially positioned by the tool, and are pressed and fixed, and the tool ensures the installation size of each part and welding; then, welding the support beam assembly 5; then disassembling the workpiece for repair welding; finally, the heating adjustment and the shape correction of the press are carried out. The following problems exist with this general approach to the manufacture of a bolster structure:
firstly, the parallelism and the distance between the crossing plates 2 cannot be ensured because the crossing plates 2 are distorted and deformed in planeness.
Secondly, after the multiple deformations such as the plane deformation of the passageway plate 2, the vertical deformation of the side bearing plate 1, the vertical deformation of the passageway plate 2 and the bottom plate 3, the parallel deformation of the bottom plate 3 and the side bearing plate 1 are compounded, the difficulty is increased due to the complicated product structure in the adjusting process.
And thirdly, the repeated work of the various deformations is increased due to mutual influence, and the process of searching for the balance points of the dimensions is difficult to copy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding process of an open structure sleeper beam, which solves the problem that the relative distance dimensional tolerance required in a drawing cannot be realized by optimizing the welding and shape correcting sequence and can obviously improve the manufacturing efficiency and the product quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a welding process of an open structure sleeper beam is characterized in that the whole open structure sleeper beam is of a symmetrical structure; the open type structure sleeper beam comprises a bottom plate, passageway plates arranged at two side ends of the bottom plate along the X direction, wherein the two passageway plates are arranged at intervals vertically, a notch is arranged at the top of each passageway plate and is respectively and fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged side bearing plate and two vertically arranged side bearing support plates, the two side bearing support plates are arranged at intervals vertically, a bent plate is also fixed between the two side bearing support plates, and the bent plate is fixedly connected with the outer ends of the side bearing plates; a supporting beam assembly is fixed between the side bearing plate and the lower part of the crossing plate; the welding process of the open structure sleeper beam comprises the following steps:
s1, welding the track passing plate and the side bearing plate together, and correcting the flatness of the track passing plate and the verticality of the side bearing plate to be qualified;
s2, welding pieces formed by welding the aisle boards and the side bearing boards in the step S1 and the bottom board are welded in an assembly mode, and the aisle boards are assembled according to a positive tolerance value;
s3, assembling the side bearing support plate and the bent plate to ensure the verticality of the side bearing support plate, and then welding the side bearing support plate, the bent plate, the runway plate and the side bearing plate together;
s4, assembling the supporting beam assembly, and then welding the supporting beam assembly with the side bearing plate, the runway plate and the bottom plate together.
Therefore, the invention solves the problems of manufacturing the sleeper beam structure by a common method by splitting the levels of all structural parts and optimizing the welding sequence.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the invention can be further optimized, and the following is the technical scheme formed after optimization:
in order to reduce deformation, stay bar spot welding is adopted to control the verticality of the side bearing plate before the crossing plate and the side bearing plate are welded together. One end of the stay bar is spot-welded on the crossing plate, and the other end of the stay bar is spot-welded on the side bearing plate, so that the verticality can be effectively guaranteed during welding.
Preferably, the crossing plate, the bottom plate, the bent plate, the side bearing support plate and the support beam assembly are welded together to be corrected, and only the verticality between the bottom plate and the crossing plate needs to be corrected during correction. The orthopedic device is small in orthopedic difficulty, easy to operate and easy to control product quality.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the correction is performed by arranging support points under the side bearing plates, providing a pad on the upper surface of the base plate, and applying a pressure to the pad. Thus, the verticality between the bottom plate and the passageway plate can be conveniently and quickly corrected.
Preferably, in step S3, the dimension between the two side support plates on one side of the bottom plate is ensured to be assembled according to the standard dimension, and the tolerance range of the standard dimension is 1mm-3 mm.
Preferably, the two side bearing plates are welded with the bent plate and the side bearing plate to form a groove-shaped structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the conception that the structure of the open structural member compounded with various welding deformations is split according to the control difficulty and the shape-righting difficulty of the welding deformations, the correction process of the welding deformations is refined, and the welding deformations are controlled step by step, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the open structural member is reduced, the product quality is improved, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention and a conventional open construction bolster;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the welding of the bypass plates and the passage plates according to the present invention (with a welding tool);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the state of the welding bottom plate and the walkway plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention in a state where the crankplate and the side bearing plates are welded;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the welded support beam assembly of the present invention in position;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the squareness of the bypass plate and the walkway plate;
fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of a variation of the flatness of the gangway plate;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structural simplification and the difficulty of deformation of the open-structured bolster.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
A process for welding open construction body bolsters, as shown in fig. 2-6, comprising the steps of:
firstly, the side bearing plate 1 and the aisle plate 2 are separated from the overall structure, a welding tool is manufactured, the plane deformation of the aisle plate 2 is reduced by clamping, and as shown in figure 2, the perpendicularity of the side bearing plate 1 is controlled by using a stay bar 9 in spot welding; welding, and correcting the flatness of the channel plate 2 and the verticality of the side bearing plate 1 to be qualified;
secondly, as shown in fig. 3, the aisle plates 2 are paired with the welding parts of the bottom plate 3 and the side support plates 1, and the distance between the aisle plates 2 is assembled according to a positive tolerance value;
thirdly, as shown in figure 4, assembling the side bearing supporting plates 6 and the bent plates 4, ensuring the verticality of the side bearing supporting plates 6, ensuring that the sizes among the side bearing supporting plates 6 are assembled according to 1-3 of the standard size, and welding;
fourthly, finally assembling the supporting beam assembly 5 and welding, as shown in figure 5;
and fifthly, correcting the angle deformation between the two track passing plates 2 and the side bearing plate 1 by using an oil press as shown in figure 6, and ensuring the verticality and the tolerance requirement of +/-1 mm.
The general method for welding open-structure sleeper beams has the following difficulties:
1. the cross plate 2 is deformed by about 6 mm after being welded due to the large filling amount of welding seams between the cross plate 2 and the side bearing plate 1 in the length direction, and the deformation is shown in figure 7, which is the biggest difficulty in correcting the sleeper beam structure, namely simultaneously ensuring the flatness (within 1 mm) of the cross plate 2 and the verticality (the maximum gap cannot exceed 1mm during square inspection) of the cross plate 2 and the side bearing plate 1.
2. When the welding angle of the correcting bottom plate 3 and the crossing plate 2 is deformed, the verticality of the bottom plate 3 and the crossing plate 2 and the parallelism and the relative size of the bottom plate 3 and the side bearing plate 1 are ensured simultaneously.
3. All the above correction processes of welding deformation (flatness of the aisle plate 2, relative distance size and parallelism of the two aisle plates 2, perpendicularity of the aisle plate 2 and the side bearing plate 1, perpendicularity of the aisle plate 2 and the bottom plate 3, and parallelism and size of the bottom plate 3 and the side bearing plate 1) have linkage influence on other factors, as shown in fig. 8.
The invention separates the welded composite deformation by the sequence of assembly, welding and shape righting of the split sleeper beam structure:
firstly, the invention welds the passageway plate 2 and the side bearing plate 1, then the shape correction ensures the verticality of the side bearing plate 1 and the planeness of the passageway plate 2, and the shape correction difficulty is small.
Firstly, the passageway plate 2, the bottom plate 3, the bent plate 4, the side bearing support plate 6 and the support beam assembly 5 are welded in an assembling mode and then shaped, the welding in the process cannot influence the flatness of the passageway plate 2 and the verticality of the side bearing plate 1, so that only the verticality of the bottom plate 3 and the passageway plate 2 needs to be corrected after welding, the deformation can be shaped by a press machine, and the deformation is easy to realize. When in shape correction, the supporting points 8 are arranged below the side bearing plate 1, the base plate 7 is arranged on the bottom plate 3, and the shape correction can be carried out by applying force to the base plate 7 through a press machine.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A welding process of an open structure sleeper beam is characterized in that the whole open structure sleeper beam is of a symmetrical structure; the open-type structure sleeper beam comprises a bottom plate (3), passageway plates (2) arranged at two side ends of the bottom plate (3) along the X direction, two passageway plates (2) are arranged vertically at intervals, a notch is arranged at the top of each passageway plate (2), the notch is respectively fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged side bearing plate (1) and two vertically arranged side bearing plates (6), the two side bearing plates (6) are arranged vertically at intervals, a bent plate (4) is further fixed between the two side bearing plates (6), and the bent plate (4) is fixedly connected with the outer ends of the side bearing plates (1);
a supporting beam assembly (5) is fixed between the side bearing plate (1) and the lower part of the passageway plate (2); the method is characterized in that: the welding process of the open structure sleeper beam comprises the following steps:
s1, welding the track passing plate (2) and the side bearing plate (1) together, and correcting the flatness of the track passing plate (2) and the verticality of the side bearing plate (1) to be qualified;
s2, welding pieces formed by welding the aisle plates (2) and the side bearing plates (1) in the step S1 and the bottom plate (3) are welded in an assembly mode, and the distance between the two aisle plates (2) is assembled according to a positive tolerance value;
s3, assembling the side bearing support plate (6) and the bent plate (4) to ensure the verticality of the side bearing support plate (6), and then welding the side bearing support plate (6), the bent plate (4), the aisle plate (2) and the side bearing plate (1) together;
s4, assembling the supporting beam assembly (5), and then welding the supporting beam assembly (5) with the side bearing plate (1), the aisle plate (2) and the bottom plate (3).
2. The welding process of open structure sleeper beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, before said walkway plate (2) and by-pass plate (1) are welded together, the perpendicularity of by-pass plate (1) is controlled by spot welding using stay bar (9).
3. The welding process of open structure sleeper beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cross slab (2), the bottom slab (3), the bent slab (4), the side bearing supporting slab (6) and the supporting beam assembly (5) are welded together and then are reshaped, and only the verticality between the bottom slab (3) and the cross slab (2) needs to be rectified.
4. Welding process of open construction sleeper beams according to claim 3, characterized in that the correction is performed by arranging support points (8) under the side plates (1) and by arranging tie plates (7) on the upper surface of the base plate (3) and by applying a pressure to the tie plates (7).
5. The process for welding an open structure bolster according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the assembling in step S3 ensures that the dimension between the two side support plates (6) on one side of the bottom plate (3) is assembled according to a standard dimension, and the tolerance range of the standard dimension is 1mm to 3 mm.
6. Process for welding open construction sleeper beams according to any of claims 1-4 characterized in that the two side support plates (6) are welded with the bent plate (4) and the side support plate (1) to form a channel structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811485576.6A CN109352203B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Welding process of open-type structure sleeper beam |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811485576.6A CN109352203B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Welding process of open-type structure sleeper beam |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109352203A CN109352203A (en) | 2019-02-19 |
| CN109352203B true CN109352203B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811485576.6A Active CN109352203B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Welding process of open-type structure sleeper beam |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110588693B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-07-16 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Railway vehicle sleeper beam, underframe and underframe welding method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0714727A1 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-06-05 | Finnyards Oy | Assembly in the vehicle carrying deck of a ship |
| DE19506586C1 (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-14 | Waggonfabrik Talbot Gmbh & Co | Support structure, especially welded bogie for rail vehicle |
| CN102485415A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 西安轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Tank car traction and bolster assembly process and traction and bolster assembled through using same |
| CN104442892A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | 南车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 | Production technology of sleeper beam with additional air chamber |
| CN106964902A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of complex welding method of sleeper beam, sleeper beam and the rail vehicle with the sleeper beam |
-
2018
- 2018-12-06 CN CN201811485576.6A patent/CN109352203B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0714727A1 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-06-05 | Finnyards Oy | Assembly in the vehicle carrying deck of a ship |
| DE19506586C1 (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-14 | Waggonfabrik Talbot Gmbh & Co | Support structure, especially welded bogie for rail vehicle |
| CN102485415A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 西安轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Tank car traction and bolster assembly process and traction and bolster assembled through using same |
| CN104442892A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | 南车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 | Production technology of sleeper beam with additional air chamber |
| CN106964902A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of complex welding method of sleeper beam, sleeper beam and the rail vehicle with the sleeper beam |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 南非22E型电力机车枕梁组焊工艺研究;肖修鹤;《创新与实践》;20171231;第24卷(第3期);第13-14页 * |
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