CN109245053A - A kind of overload protecting circuit - Google Patents
A kind of overload protecting circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109245053A CN109245053A CN201811000433.1A CN201811000433A CN109245053A CN 109245053 A CN109245053 A CN 109245053A CN 201811000433 A CN201811000433 A CN 201811000433A CN 109245053 A CN109245053 A CN 109245053A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of overload protecting circuits, detection module, time delay module and the switch module being made of switching tube including having sampling resistor.Sampling resistor is sampled to obtain the current signal in output loop and is converted into voltage signal by detection module to be compared with predeterminated voltage signal again, and the comparison voltage signal that can be delayed by module identification is generated in its output end；The comparison voltage signal is converted into being switched on and off the driving signal of module identification by time delay module, and overload signal is simultaneously delayed reservation one end time by time delay module；The driving time control switch pipe for the driving signal and delay that switch module reception delay module transmits disconnects or closure, so that whether control circuit output loop can work normally.Circuit detection accuracy of the present invention is high, and fast response time can not damage effective protection circuit when circuit overloads because of the excessive device heating of power, and can restore to work normally automatically after overload revocation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of switch power, in particular to overpower protection, overload revocation are exported in Switching Power Supply
The overload protecting circuit that can restore automatically afterwards.
Background technique
Existing Switching Power Supply output overloading or short-circuit protection are mostly using peak current detection mode.Than as usual
The circuits such as BUCK, BOOST, FLYBACK are all the peak point current for detecting transformer primary side, primary side when output power is larger
Peak point current is big, to trigger the current detecting protection of control IC.If using the above protected mode, once triggering overload is protected
Shield, the voltage that power supply exports on storage capacitor can be reduced to 0, and it is also almost 0 that transformer, which exports the voltage on winding,.But at certain
In a little systems, such as the product of multiple-channel output, it is desirable to certain exports the normal output for not influencing other roads when overloading all the way, and
It can restore normally to export automatically after wishing the overload revocation of road output, ensure the stability of power-supply system work.
Therefore need to design a kind of new overload protecting circuit come not shadow when realizing that multiple-channel output product road is overloaded
The function of other roads output is rung, and can be restored automatically after the overload revocation on the road.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of Switching Power Supply overload protecting circuit, with solution
The certainly overload problem of particular application.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of overload protecting circuit, including being made of with the detection module of sampling resistor, time delay module and switching tube
Switch module；
It is sealed in output loop after sampling resistor and switching tube series connection, i.e., connection voltage input end in sampling resistor one end is negative
Pole, sampling resistor other end connection switch pipe source electrode, switching tube drain electrode connection voltage output end cathode；Sampling resistor is for sampling
Output loop current information, switching tube are used for the disconnection and closure of output control loop；
Detection module output end connects time delay module input terminal, and time delay module output end connection switch module control terminal is opened
Closing tube grid is switch module control terminal；The current signal that sampling resistor samples to obtain output loop is converted by detection module
Voltage signal, and comparison voltage signal is exported to time delay module compared with predeterminated voltage, time delay module receives comparison voltage letter
Number and output drive signal to switch module, control switch pipe closure and disconnect；
When circuit works normally, switching tube closure；When circuit overloads, the voltage value of sample rate current is greater than preset value,
Detection module output overloading voltage signal, time delay module receive the overload voltage signal and are responsive to switch module, control switch
Pipe disconnects, and circuit output circuit disconnects, into overload protection state；After time delay module is delayed a period of time, switching tube is again
Closure, circuit restore output, and whether measure loop overloads again, if circuit is still overload, recycle the above working condition,
Into overload protection next time.
Preferably, detection module includes first comparator, first resistor, second resistance, the first triode, first with reference to electricity
Pressure；First resistor is sampling resistor, and first resistor one end connects voltage output end cathode, and connects refer to ground simultaneously, and first
Resistance other end connection first comparator non-inverting input terminal, first comparator inverting input terminal the first reference voltage of connection, first
Reference voltage is predeterminated voltage；First comparator output end connects the first transistor base, second resistance one end；Second resistance
The other end is connect with voltage output end anode；First transistor collector connects voltage input end anode, the first triode emission
Pole is as detection circuit output end；Voltage input end anode is connect with voltage output end anode.
Preferably as a kind of improvement project of above scheme, detection module detection module further include third reference voltage,
7th resistance, the 8th resistance, the 9th resistance, first diode, the second capacitor；8th resistance one end connects third reference voltage,
The 8th resistance other end connects the 9th resistance one end, first diode anode；The 9th resistance other end connects first resistor and MOS
One end of pipe source electrode connection, first diode cathode and second capacitor one end, the 7th resistance one end, first comparator homophase input
End connection；The second capacitor other end is connect with the 7th resistance other end, and is connected simultaneously with reference to ground.
Preferably, time delay module includes 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, first capacitor, second
Comparator and the second reference voltage；3rd resistor one end is connect with the second reference voltage, the 3rd resistor other end and the 5th resistance
One end, the connection of the second comparator non-inverting input terminal；4th resistance is in parallel with first capacitor, and one end in parallel is defeated as time delay module
Enter end, while being connected to the second comparator inverting input terminal, other end connection in parallel is with reference to ground, the 5th resistance other end and the
Six resistance one end, the connection of the second comparator output terminal；The 6th resistance other end is connect with voltage output end anode, the second comparator
Output end is as time delay module output end.
Preferably, switch module further includes the second triode, third transistor；It is defeated that second transistor collector connects voltage
Outlet anode, the second transistor base is connect with third transistor base stage, and connects the second comparator output terminal simultaneously, and the two or three
Pole pipe emitter connects third transistor emitter, this tie point connection switch tube grid, third transistor collector connection ginseng
Examine ground.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) when overload occurs in output end, input voltage is held essentially constant, and guarantees that front stage circuits work normally；
2) overload detection precision is high, and can restore automatically after overload revocation；
3) circuit operation principle is simple, easily designed, and circuit is small in size, at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is invention's principle block diagram；
Fig. 2 is first embodiment of the invention circuit diagram；
Fig. 3 is second embodiment of the invention circuit diagram；
Fig. 4 is third embodiment of the invention circuit diagram；
Fig. 5 is fourth embodiment of the invention circuit diagram；
Fig. 6 is third embodiment of the invention measurement voltage waveform diagram.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention block diagram, a kind of overload protecting circuit, including having the detection module of sampling resistor, prolonging
When the module and switch module that is made of switching tube；It is sealed in output loop after sampling resistor and switching tube series connection, i.e. sampling electricity
It hinders one end and connects voltage input end cathode, sampling resistor other end connection switch pipe source electrode, switching tube drain electrode connection voltage output
Hold cathode；
Detection module output end connects time delay module input terminal, and time delay module output end connection switch module control terminal is opened
Closing tube grid is switch module control terminal；Sampling resistor is sampled to obtain the conversion of the current signal in output loop by detection module
At voltage signal, it is compared output comparison signal with predeterminated voltage and is sent to time delay module, time delay module receives this and compares letter
Number and output control signals to switch module, be closed and disconnect for control switch pipe；
Design of the invention are as follows: the electric current in output loop is sampled by sampling resistor, detection module turns current signal
It changes voltage signal into be compared with preset reference voltage, output can be delayed by the comparison voltage signal of module identification, when defeated
It overloads out, time delay module, which receives, to make an immediate response after the trigger signal of overload to switch module, in control switch module
Switching tube cut-off, circuit output circuit is disconnected, and is delayed a period of time.Delay time is by adjusting the RC in time delay module simultaneously
Join circuit to control.It is delayed after a period of time, the switching tube conducting in switch module is closed output loop, at this time detection module
The electric current in output loop is detected again, and aforementioned process is repeated if being still overload, if overload cancels,
Then output loop remains closed, and circuit works normally.
With reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, the present invention will be described.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein
It is only used to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
First embodiment
If Fig. 2 is first embodiment of the invention circuit diagram, each modular circuit structure is as follows:
Detection module, including comparator UA, resistance R1, resistance R2, triode Q1, reference voltage Vref 1；Comparator UA is anti-
Phase input terminal connects reference voltage Vref 1, and reference voltage Vref 1 is predeterminated voltage, and the one end resistance R1 and voltage input end are negative
Pole Vin- connection, voltage input end cathode vin- are connect with reference to ground GND, the resistance R1 other end and comparator UA non-inverting input terminal
It is connected with switching tube Q2 source electrode；Comparator UA output end is connect with the one end resistance R2, triode Q1 base stage, the resistance R2 other end with
The Vin+ connection of circuit input end anode, triode Q1 collector are connect with circuit input end anode Vin+, triode Q1 emitter
As detection circuit output end；Voltage input anode vin+ is connect with voltage output anode Vo+, and resistance R1 is sampling resistor, is used
The current information in sample detecting output loop, resistance R2 are pull-up resistor.
Time delay module, including resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, capacitor C1, comparator UB and reference voltage
Vref2；Resistance R4 is in parallel with capacitor C1, and one end in parallel is connected to comparator UB anti-phase output as time delay module input terminal
End, resistance R4 and the capacitor C1 parallel connection other end are connect with reference to ground GND；The one end resistance R3 is connect with reference voltage Vref 2, resistance
The R3 other end is connect with the one end resistance R5 and comparator UB non-inverting input terminal；The resistance R5 other end connect comparator UB output end and
The one end resistance R6, the resistance R6 other end connect voltage input end anode Vin+, and comparator UB output end is as the defeated of delay circuit
Outlet.The implementation principle of the modular circuit:
Comparator UB and resistance R3, resistance R5 constitute hysteresis loop comparator in structure, according to circuit connecting relation and its work
Make characteristic, when level overturning occurs for the output of comparator UB, through partial pressure and reference voltage between resistance R6, resistance R5, resistance R3
Vref2 collective effect, comparator UB non-inverting input terminal will appear as two voltage status, respectively upper limit voltage and under ration the power supply
Pressure, upper limit voltage and lower voltage limit difference, that is, comparator UB hysteresis voltage.The RC circuit that resistance R4 and capacitor C1 parallel connection are constituted,
When capacitor C1 is discharged by resistance R4, the voltage (i.e. the inverting input terminal voltage of comparator UB) on capacitor C1 is from hysteresis voltage
Limit value drop to hysteresis voltage lower limit value required time be time delay module delay time.
Switch module, including switching tube Q2；Switching tube Q2 drain electrode is connect with voltage output end cathode Vin-, the source switching tube Q2
Pole is connect with resistance R1 with comparator UA non-inverting input terminal tie point, switchs control terminal of the tube grid as switch module, switch
Pipe Q2 is connected in output loop, is closed and is disconnected for control loop, and when switching tube Q2 ends, output loop is disconnected, when opening
Close pipe Q2 conducting, output loop closure output.
The working principle of the present embodiment are as follows: when circuit works normally, comparator UB output is high level, so that switching tube Q2
Output loop on state, circuit is formed, and output electric current generates pressure drop on resistance R1, at this time comparator UB homophase input
End voltage status shows as hysteresis voltage upper limit value.When circuit output overload, the pressure drop generated on resistance R1 will be significantly increased,
More than the voltage value of reference voltage Vref 1, comparator UA output at this time is high level, and triode Q1 conducting is charged to capacitor C1,
When the voltage (i.e. comparator UB inverting input terminal voltage) on capacitor C1 is more than that (i.e. comparator UB is the same as mutually defeated for hysteresis voltage upper limit value
Enter terminal voltage value), comparator UB output is low level, so that switching tube Q2 ends, output loop is disconnected, at this point, comparator UB
Non-inverting input terminal voltage status shows as hysteresis voltage lower limit value.After circuit output circuit disconnects, circuit no current flows through resistance
Loss of voltage on R1, resistance R1, comparator UA output are low level, triode Q1 cut-off, the electricity stored on capacitor C1 at this time
Amount is slowly discharged by resistance R4, and when the voltage on capacitor C1 is lower than hysteresis voltage lower limit value, comparator UB output switching activity is height
Level, so that switching tube Q2 is connected again.By adjusting the RC parallel circuit and resistance R3 and electricity that resistance R4 and capacitor C1 is constituted
R5 is hindered, can according to need adjustment circuit delay time.It is repeated if output loop re-closes detection still in overload
Working condition above-mentioned, if overload cancels, circuit restores to work normally.
Second embodiment
As shown in figure 3, be the working principle diagram of second embodiment, compared with first embodiment, the difference is that: switch
Module further includes triode Q3, triode Q4；The collector of triode Q3 and circuit voltage input anode Vin+ and voltage are defeated
The Vo+ connection of outlet cathode, triode Q3 base stage are connect with triode Q4 base stage, this tie point is connect with comparator UB output end,
Triode Q3 emitter is connect with triode Q4 emitter, this tie point is connect with switching tube Q2 grid；Triode Q4 collector
With circuit reference GND is connect.
The present embodiment is compared with first embodiment, and the triode Q3 and triode Q4 added forms totem driving, to open
It closes pipe Q2 and bigger driving energy is provided, can guarantee that switching tube Q2 is reliably disconnected and closure.The present embodiment realizes overload protection
Working principle be identical with the first embodiment, details are not described herein again.
3rd embodiment
As shown in figure 4, be the working principle diagram of 3rd embodiment, compared with first embodiment, the difference is that: detection
Module further includes reference voltage Vref 3, resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, diode D1, capacitor C2；One end of resistance R8 connects
Reference voltage Vref 3, the resistance R8 other end connect the one end resistance R9；The resistance R9 other end connects resistance R1 and switching tube Q1 grid
One end of connection, one end that resistance R8 is connected with resistance R9 are connected to comparator by diode D1 anode, diode D1 cathode
UA non-inverting input terminal；One end is connect with comparator UA non-inverting input terminal after capacitor C2 and resistance R7 are in parallel, capacitor C2 and resistance R7
With circuit reference GND is connect the other end in parallel.
The present embodiment is compared with first embodiment: providing one after resistance R8, resistance R9 series connection for the voltage on resistance R1
DC voltage bias effectively avoids comparing when avoiding in the biggish circuit of output-current rating using lesser R1 resistance value
The homophase input terminal voltage detecting mistake of device UA.Diode D1, capacitor C2, resistance R7 provide filtering for the voltage signal detected
Circuit avoids the noise jamming in circuit.The present embodiment realizes that the working principle of overload protection is identical with the first embodiment, herein
It repeats no more.
Waveform testing figure when Fig. 6 is circuit work in the present embodiment.At the t1 moment, there is overload in circuit, this
When input voltage vin do not fall.After detecting circuit overloads, switching tube Q2 cut-off is disconnected, the driving signal of the Q2 that opens the light by
High level is changed into low level, and voltage waveform on delay circuit capacitor C1 is presented the waveform of capacitor charge and discharge at this time, when interval
Between be about 1s, the driving signal period of switching tube Q2 is also every 1s clock or so at this time；It is cancelled in t2 moment overload, this
When switching tube Q2 driving signal by low transition be high level, Q2 is on state, output loop closure.As we know from the figure
The circuit realizes overload protection function, and can restore to work normally automatically after overload revocation.
Fourth embodiment
As shown in figure 5, be the working principle diagram of fourth embodiment, compared with 3rd embodiment, the difference is that: switch
Module adds triode Q3, triode Q4；The collector of triode Q3 and the voltage input end anode Vin+ and voltage of circuit are defeated
The Vin+ connection of outlet cathode, triode Q3 base stage are connect with triode Q4 base stage, this tie point is connect with comparator UB output end,
Triode Q3 emitter is connect with triode Q4 emitter, this tie point is connect with switching tube Q2 grid；Triode Q4 collector
With circuit reference GND is connect.
The present embodiment is compared with 3rd embodiment, and the triode Q3 and triode Q4 added forms totem driving, to open
It closes pipe Q2 and bigger driving energy is provided, can guarantee that switching tube Q2 is reliably disconnected and closure.The present embodiment realizes overload protection
Working principle be identical with the first embodiment, details are not described herein again.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of overload protecting circuit, it is characterised in that: including with the detection module of sampling resistor, time delay module and by switching
The switch module of pipe composition；
It is sealed in output loop after sampling resistor and switching tube series connection, i.e., sampling resistor one end connects voltage input end cathode, adopts
Sample resistance other end connection switch pipe source electrode, switching tube drain electrode connection voltage output end cathode；Sampling resistor is for sampling output
Loop current information, switching tube are used for the disconnection and closure of output control loop；
Detection module output end connects time delay module input terminal, time delay module output end connection switch module control terminal, switching tube
Grid is switch module control terminal；Detection module converts thereof into the current signal that sampling resistor samples to obtain output loop
Voltage signal, and comparison voltage signal is exported to time delay module compared with predeterminated voltage, time delay module receives comparison voltage letter
Number and output drive signal to switch module, control switch pipe closure and disconnect；
When circuit works normally, switching tube closure；When circuit overloads, the voltage value of sample rate current is greater than preset value, detection
Module output overloading voltage signal, time delay module receive the overload voltage signal and are responsive to switch module, and control switch pipe is disconnected
It opens, circuit output circuit disconnects, into overload protection state；After time delay module is delayed a period of time, switching tube is re-closed,
Circuit restores output, and whether measure loop overloads again, if circuit is still overload, recycles the above working condition, enters
Overload protection next time.
2. overload protecting circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: detection module includes first comparator, first
Resistance, second resistance, the first triode, the first reference voltage；First resistor is sampling resistor, first resistor one end connection electricity
Negative pole of output end is pressed, and is connected simultaneously with reference to ground, the first resistor other end connects first comparator non-inverting input terminal, and first compares
Device inverting input terminal connects the first reference voltage, and the first reference voltage is predeterminated voltage；First comparator output end connection the
One transistor base, second resistance one end；The second resistance other end is connect with voltage output end anode；First transistor collector
Voltage input end anode is connected, the first transistor emitter is as detection circuit output end；Voltage input end anode and voltage are defeated
The connection of outlet anode.
3. overload protecting circuit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: detection module further include third reference voltage,
7th resistance, the 8th resistance, the 9th resistance, first diode, the second capacitor；8th resistance one end connects third reference voltage,
The 8th resistance other end connects the 9th resistance one end, first diode anode；The 9th resistance other end connects first resistor and MOS
One end of pipe source electrode connection, first diode cathode and second capacitor one end, the 7th resistance one end, first comparator homophase input
End connection；The second capacitor other end is connect with the 7th resistance other end, and is connected simultaneously with reference to ground.
4. overload protecting circuit according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: time delay module includes 3rd resistor, the 4th
Resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, first capacitor, the second comparator and the second reference voltage；3rd resistor one end and the second ginseng
Voltage connection is examined, the 3rd resistor other end is connect with the 5th resistance one end, the second comparator non-inverting input terminal；4th resistance and
One capacitor is in parallel, and one end in parallel is connected to the second comparator inverting input terminal as time delay module input terminal, in parallel
With reference to ground, the 5th resistance other end is connect with the 6th resistance one end, the second comparator output terminal for other end connection；6th resistance is another
One end is connect with voltage output end anode, and the second comparator output terminal is as time delay module output end.
5. overload protecting circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: switch module further includes the second triode,
Three triodes；Second transistor collector connects voltage output end anode, and the second transistor base and third transistor base stage connect
It connects, and connects the second comparator output terminal simultaneously, the second transistor emitter connects third transistor emitter, this tie point connects
Switch tube grid is connect, the connection of third transistor collector is with reference to ground.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811000433.1A CN109245053A (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | A kind of overload protecting circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811000433.1A CN109245053A (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | A kind of overload protecting circuit |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109212376A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-15 | 优利德科技(中国)股份有限公司 | A kind of detecting system of self-recovery fuse, method for detecting and measuring instrumentss |
| CN109989655A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-09 | 亚萨合莱自动门系统有限公司 | Automatic door operator and its driving method |
| CN110601527A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-20 | 南京理工大学 | Overload-resistant power supply module for data acquisition of outer missile way |
| CN111404525A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Signal detection circuit, switching tube drive control circuit, control method and air conditioner |
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| CN113752838A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Driving circuit |
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| CN112379204B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2024-03-29 | 苏州美思迪赛半导体技术有限公司 | Driving port state detection circuit and method of driving circuit |
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| CN115436693B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2023-12-05 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Voltage detection device and method for judging whether high voltage of input end exceeds preset value |
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