CN109164611B - Array substrate and driving method thereof, and liquid crystal display device and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Array substrate and driving method thereof, and liquid crystal display device and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
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Abstract
An array substrate and its driving method and liquid crystal display device and its driving method, wherein there are multiple public lines and multiple public electrode blocks on the array substrate, multiple public lines and multiple data lines extend along the same direction, each public line is located above a data line correspondingly and overlaps with the data line up and down, each public electrode block covers two adjacent pixel units at the same time along the direction of scanning line, each public electrode block is connected with scanning line and public line through the second switching element, the public electrode blocks of every two adjacent upper and lower lines are staggered in a way of staggering a pixel unit, each pixel unit of every line is connected to two scanning lines located on the upper and lower sides of the pixel unit of the line alternatively, each pixel unit of every column is connected to two data lines located on the left and right sides of the pixel unit of the line alternatively, the invention can improve the problem of display device appearing uneven (mura), and the image display quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to an array substrate and a driving method thereof, and also relates to a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof.
Background
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays.
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 120 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. There is therefore a need for a display device that can be switched to a narrow viewing angle in addition to a wide viewing angle.
Recently, it has been proposed to apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on the color filter substrate (CF) side to realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lcd device includes an upper substrate 62, a lower substrate 61, and a liquid crystal layer 63 disposed between the upper substrate 62 and the lower substrate 61, wherein a viewing angle control electrode 621 is disposed on the upper substrate 62. As shown in fig. 1, in the wide viewing angle display, the viewing angle control electrode 621 on the upper substrate 62 does not apply a voltage, and the liquid crystal display device realizes the wide viewing angle display. As shown in fig. 2, when a narrow viewing angle display is required, the viewing angle control electrode 621 on the upper substrate 62 applies a voltage, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 63 will tilt due to the vertical electric field E (as shown by the arrow in fig. 2), and the contrast of the liquid crystal display device is reduced due to light leakage, thereby finally realizing the narrow viewing angle display.
In the narrow viewing angle display, the voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode is generally an ac voltage. The liquid crystal display device performs progressive scanning in a direction from top to bottom when displaying one frame, and since the viewing angle control electrode is a planar electrode over the entire surface, the viewing angle control electrode is already applied with an alternating voltage when the first row of scanning lines G1 is turned on, and the voltage of the scanning lines is changed from V when the following G2-Gn is turned onGHChange to VGLDue to the capacitive coupling effect between the scanning lines and the viewing angle control electrodes, when the next row of scanning lines is opened, signals on the viewing angle control electrodes are coupled once, so that pixels at different positions in a panel are affected by the coupling effect of the signals to be inconsistent, the image flicker is caused, obvious bright and dark stripes appear at waveform voltage jumping points, and the problem of regional display unevenness (mura) appears at the position of the liquid crystal display device close to the lower end.
In order to solve the problem, the prior art optimizes the driving waveform and the driving voltage of the alternating voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode to reduce the influence of the display unevenness, but cannot completely eliminate the influence; or the flicker of the picture is reduced by increasing the frame frequency of the liquid crystal display device from 60Hz to 120Hz, but thus the time for opening each scanning line is halved, which reduces the charging time of the pixel, affects the charging effect of the pixel, causes the driving to become special and complicated, and increases the logic power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an array substrate and a driving method thereof, and a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof, so as to improve the problem of display non-uniformity.
The invention provides an array substrate, which is provided with a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines, wherein the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of data lines are mutually insulated and crossed to form a plurality of pixel units which are arranged in an array, each pixel unit is internally provided with a pixel electrode, each pixel electrode is connected with the scanning line and the data line which are close to a first switch element through a first switch element, the array substrate is also provided with a plurality of common lines and a plurality of common electrode blocks, the plurality of common lines and the plurality of data lines extend along the same direction and are positioned at different layers through insulation layers at intervals, each common line is correspondingly positioned right above one data line and is vertically overlapped with the data line, each common electrode block simultaneously covers two adjacent pixel units along the scanning line direction, and each common electrode block is connected with the scanning line and the common line which are close to a second switch element through a second switch element, the common electrode blocks of every two adjacent upper and lower rows are staggered in a mode of staggering one pixel unit, each pixel unit of each row is alternately connected to two scanning lines positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the pixel unit of the row, and each pixel unit of each column is alternately connected to two data lines positioned at the left side and the right side of the pixel unit of the column.
Furthermore, the insulating layer is provided with a via hole at a position corresponding to each second switch element, and each common line is filled in the corresponding via hole and is electrically connected with the corresponding second switch element.
Further, the first and the last columns of pixel units are dummy non-display areas.
Further, each pixel electrode is a slit electrode having a slit, and each common electrode block is a block electrode over the entire surface.
Further, the common lines at odd-numbered positions are connected to each other in the non-display area, and the common lines at even-numbered positions are connected to each other in the non-display area along the scan line direction.
The invention also provides a driving method for driving the array substrate, which comprises the following steps:
in the first stage t1, when the scanning lines Gn and Gn +1 are simultaneously at a high level, charging a part of pixel cells connected with the scanning line Gn in the nth row and the n +1 th row, and pre-charging a part of pixel cells connected with the scanning line Gn +1 in the n +1 th row and the n +2 th row;
in the second stage t2, when the scanning lines Gn +1 and Gn +2 are simultaneously at the high level, the pixel cells connected to the scanning line Gn +1 and precharged in the (n + 1) th row and the (n + 2) th row are charged, and the part of the pixel cells connected to the scanning line Gn +2 in the (n + 2) th row and the (n + 3) th row are precharged;
wherein n is a positive integer.
The invention also provides a liquid crystal display device which comprises the array substrate, a color film substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the array substrate and the color film substrate, wherein the color film substrate is provided with an auxiliary electrode.
The present invention also provides a driving method for driving the above liquid crystal display device, the driving method comprising:
in a first view angle mode, applying a reference voltage to the auxiliary electrode, and applying a common voltage with a smaller voltage difference relative to the reference voltage to each common electrode block through a common line, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode block and the auxiliary electrode is smaller than a preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, a reference voltage is applied to the auxiliary electrode, and a common voltage having a large voltage difference with respect to the reference voltage is applied to each common electrode block through the common line such that the voltage difference between each common electrode block and the auxiliary electrode is greater than a preset value.
Furthermore, in the scanning line direction, the common lines at odd-numbered positions are connected with each other and uniformly apply a first common voltage, the common lines at even-numbered positions are connected with each other and uniformly apply a second common voltage, the reference voltage is a constant direct current voltage, in a first viewing angle mode, the first common voltage and the second common voltage are both the same as the reference voltage, in a second viewing angle mode, the first common voltage and the second common voltage are both alternating current voltages with the reference voltage as a center, and the polarities of the first common voltage and the second common voltage are opposite.
Further, the liquid crystal layer adopts positive liquid crystal molecules, the first visual angle mode is a wide visual angle mode, and the second visual angle mode is a narrow visual angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the voltage for controlling the visual angle switching is transferred from the visual angle control electrode on the color film substrate side to the common electrode on the array substrate side, the common electrode on the array substrate is cut into a plurality of mutually independent common electrode blocks, each common electrode block is correspondingly connected with the scanning line and the common line through the second switch element, when each row of scanning lines is opened, the common voltage is charged into the common electrode block covering the pixel unit through the second switch element, so that each common electrode block is independently endowed with a voltage signal when the pixel is scanned, the first common voltage and the second common voltage applied to the common electrode block can be synchronized with the time sequence of pixel scanning, thereby improving the problem of display unevenness (mura) of the display device caused by the capacitive coupling effect, improving the picture display quality, and maintaining the frame frequency of the display device at 60Hz, the charging effect is better, and the drive also becomes simple simultaneously, and logic low power dissipation moreover.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display device in a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 3 taken along line F-F at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of scanning driving waveforms of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 3 along the F-F line at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram illustrating a common voltage applied to a common line at a narrow viewing angle in the liquid crystal display device of fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device at a narrow viewing angle in a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle in a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[ first embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an array substrate 10, a color filter substrate 20 disposed opposite to the array substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 30 disposed between the array substrate 10 and the color filter substrate 20.
The array substrate 10 is provided with a plurality of scanning lines 16 and a plurality of data lines 17, the plurality of scanning lines 16 and the plurality of data lines 17 are insulated and crossed with each other to define a plurality of pixel units P arranged in an array, a pixel electrode 13 is arranged in each pixel unit P, and each pixel electrode 13 is connected with the scanning lines 16 and the data lines 17 adjacent to the first switching element 1 through the first switching element 1.
The array substrate 10 is further provided with a plurality of common lines 18 (also denoted by C1, C2, C3 …) and a plurality of common electrode blocks 111, the plurality of common lines 18 and the plurality of data lines 17 extend in the same direction and are spaced apart from each other by the insulating layer 12 to be located at different layers, each common line 18 is located right above one data line 17 and overlaps the data line 17 up and down, and here, the overlap may be a complete overlap or a partial overlap. The common line 18 and the data line 17 are overlapped up and down, so that the aperture ratio of the pixel unit P on the array substrate 10 is not affected.
Each common electrode block 111 covers two adjacent pixel units P simultaneously along the scanning line 16 direction, each common electrode block 111 is connected with the scanning line 16 and the common line 18 adjacent to the second switching element 2 through the second switching element 2, and the common electrode blocks 111 of every two adjacent upper and lower rows are staggered in a manner of staggering one pixel unit P.
The pixel units P in each row are alternately connected to the two scanning lines 16 at the upper and lower sides of the pixel unit P in the row, for example, taking the pixel unit P in the first row in fig. 3 as an example, the pixel unit P at the odd number position is connected to the scanning line Gn-1 at the upper side of the pixel unit P in the row, and the pixel unit P at the even number position is connected to the scanning line Gn at the lower side of the pixel unit P in the row.
The pixel cells P in each column are alternately connected to the two data lines 17 at the left and right sides of the pixel cell P in the column, for example, taking the pixel cell P in the first column in fig. 3 as an example, the pixel cell P in the odd-numbered position is connected to the data line D1 at the left side of the pixel cell P in the column, and the pixel cell P in the even-numbered position is connected to the data line D2 at the right side of the pixel cell P in the column.
In the present embodiment, the respective pixel cells P in each odd-numbered row are connected to only the data lines 17(D1, D3, D5 …) at the odd-numbered positions, and the respective pixel cells P in each even-numbered row are connected to only the data lines 17(D2, D4, D6 …) at the even-numbered positions. For example, in fig. 3, each pixel cell P in the first row is connected to only the data line 17 at the odd position, each pixel cell P in the remaining odd rows is also connected to only the data line 17 at the odd position, each pixel cell P in the second row is connected to only the data line 17 at the even position, and each pixel cell P in the remaining even rows is also connected to only the data line 17 at the even position, so that the pixel cell P in each odd row is charged only through the data line 17 at the odd position, and the pixel cell P in each even row is charged only through the data line 17 at the even position. In this way, when the liquid crystal display device implements row inversion (row inversion) display, the polarity of the data voltage applied to each data line 17 can be maintained unchanged in the same frame, thereby saving power consumption.
The first and second switching elements 1 and 2 may be Thin Film Transistors (TFTs). The gate of the thin film transistor 1 is connected to the corresponding scanning line 16, the source of the thin film transistor 1 is connected to the corresponding data line 17, and the drain of the thin film transistor 1 is connected to the corresponding pixel electrode 13. The gate electrode of the thin film transistor 2 is connected to the corresponding scan line 16, the source electrode of the thin film transistor 2 is connected to the corresponding common line 18, and the drain electrode of the thin film transistor 2 is connected to the corresponding common electrode block 111.
Specifically, the insulating layer 12 is provided with a via hole 121 at a position corresponding to each second switch element 2, and each common line 18 is filled in the corresponding via hole 121 to be electrically connected to the corresponding second switch element 2, i.e., to the source electrode of the thin film transistor 2.
In this embodiment, the first and last two columns of pixel units P are dummy non-display areas (i.e., dummy areas), i.e., the first and last columns of pixel units P are dummy areas, and a display area is located between the second and last columns of pixel units P, so that the driving is more convenient.
In this embodiment, each pixel electrode 13 is a slit electrode having a slit, and each common electrode block 111 is a block-shaped electrode over the entire surface. The pixel electrode 13 and the common electrode block 111 are located in different layers on the array substrate 10, and an insulating layer (not shown) is interposed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode block, so that the liquid crystal display device forms a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) structure. In the liquid crystal display device, a fringe field is generated between the pixel electrode 13 and the common electrode block 111 during normal display to obtain a wide viewing angle.
In this embodiment, in the direction of the scan lines 16, the common lines 18 (i.e., C1, C3, C5 …, etc.) located at odd-numbered positions are connected to each other and apply the first common voltage Vcom1 in the non-display region, and the common lines 18 (i.e., C2, C4, C6 …, etc.) located at even-numbered positions are connected to each other and apply the second common voltage Vcom2 in the non-display region. In other embodiments, all the common lines 18 may be connected together in the non-display region and the same common voltage may be uniformly applied.
The first embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of an array substrate, please refer to fig. 5, the driving method includes:
in the first stage t1, when the scanning lines Gn and Gn +1 are simultaneously at a high level, part of the pixel cells P (as denoted by "a" in fig. 3) connected to the scanning line Gn in the nth row and the nth +1 row are charged, and part of the pixel cells P (as denoted by "B" in fig. 3) connected to the scanning line Gn +1 in the nth +1 row and the nth +2 row are precharged;
in the second phase t2, when the scan lines Gn +1 and Gn +2 are simultaneously at the high level, the pixel cell P (as denoted by "B" in fig. 3) connected to the scan line Gn +1 in the (n + 1) th row and the (n + 2) th row and which is precharged is charged, and a part of the pixel cell P (as denoted by "C" in fig. 3) connected to the scan line Gn +2 in the (n + 2) th row and the (n + 3) th row is precharged; wherein n is a positive integer.
In this embodiment, two adjacent scan lines 16 are opened at the same time in each stage t, and when the pixel unit P connected to the previous scan line 16 is charged, the pixel unit P connected to the next scan line 16 can be precharged, thereby improving the charging effect.
The color filter substrate 20 is provided with a color resist layer 22, a black matrix 23, and an auxiliary electrode 21. The color resist layer 22 includes, for example, color resist materials of three colors of red, green and blue, and the pixel units P of the three colors of red, green and blue are formed correspondingly. The black matrix 23 is positioned between the pixel units P of three colors of red, green, and blue, so that adjacent pixel units P are spaced apart from each other by the black matrix 23. The auxiliary electrode 21 may have a full-surface structure or a patterned structure having openings.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 4, in an initial state (i.e., in a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 assume a lying posture substantially parallel to the substrates, i.e., the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates. However, in practical applications, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 may have a smaller initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrate, and the initial pretilt angle may be in a range of less than or equal to 10 degrees, that is: 0 DEG ≦ theta ≦ 10 deg.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 6, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment can be switched between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 4, in the embodiment, in the wide viewing angle mode, a reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary electrode 21 of the color filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a smaller voltage difference with respect to the reference voltage Vref is applied to each common electrode block 111 through the common line 18, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is smaller than a preset value (for example, smaller than 0.5V). At this time, since the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 is hardly changed and is maintained in the lying posture, so that the liquid crystal display device realizes normal wide viewing angle display.
In this embodiment, the common lines 18 at odd-numbered positions (i.e., C1, C3, C5 …, etc.) are connected to each other and apply the first common voltage Vcom1 in the non-display area, and the common lines 18 at even-numbered positions (i.e., C2, C4, C6 …, etc.) are connected to each other and apply the second common voltage Vcom2 in the non-display area, along the scan line 16 direction.
Specifically, in the wide viewing angle mode, the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 are both the same as the reference voltage Vref (i.e. Vcom1 is Vcom2 is Vref), for example, the first common voltage Vcom1, the second common voltage Vcom2 and the reference voltage Vref are all 0V, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is zero, and a good wide viewing angle effect can be achieved.
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 6, in the narrow viewing angle mode, in the embodiment, a reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary electrode 21 of the color filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a large voltage difference with respect to the reference voltage Vref is applied to each common electrode block 111 through the common line 18, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is greater than a preset value (for example, greater than 3V). At this time, since the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is large, a strong vertical electric field E (as shown by an arrow in fig. 6) is generated between the array substrate 10 and the color filter substrate 20 in the liquid crystal cell, and the positive liquid crystal molecules rotate in a direction parallel to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules deflect under the action of the vertical electric field E, the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrate increases and tilts, the liquid crystal molecules are changed from the lying posture to the inclined posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle observation light leakage, the contrast is reduced in the oblique direction, the viewing angle is narrowed, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes narrow-viewing-angle display.
Specifically, referring to fig. 7, in the narrow viewing angle mode of the present embodiment, the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 are both ac voltages centered on the reference voltage Vref, and the polarities of the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 are opposite, for example, in the same frame, when the first common voltage Vcom1 is positive, the second common voltage Vcom2 is negative; when the first common voltage Vcom1 is a negative polarity, the second common voltage Vcom2 is a positive polarity.
The waveforms of the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 may be square waves, sine waves, triangular waves, sawtooth waves, and the like, which are illustrated as square waves.
The polarities of the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 may be inverted once per frame. Each frame picture has a display period T1 (i.e., non-blanking time), a blanking period T2 (i.e., blanking time) is provided between two adjacent frame pictures, the blanking period is a transition period in the adjacent frame pictures, and the first and second common voltages Vcom1 and Vcom2 may be polarity-switched in the blanking period.
In addition, the reference voltage Vref applied to the auxiliary electrode 21 of the color filter substrate 20 is a constant dc voltage, for example, always 0V, regardless of whether the liquid crystal display device is in wide viewing angle display or narrow viewing angle display.
In this embodiment, the voltage for controlling the switching of the viewing angle is switched from the viewing angle control electrode on the color film substrate side to the common electrode on the array substrate side, and the common electrode on the array substrate 10 is cut into a plurality of mutually independent common electrode blocks 111, each common electrode block 111 is correspondingly connected with the scanning line 16 and the common line 18 through the second switch element 2, when each row of the scanning line 16 is opened, the common voltage is charged into the common electrode block 111 covering the pixel unit P through the second switch element 2, so that each common electrode block 111 is independently applied with a voltage signal during the pixel scanning, that is, the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 applied on the common electrode block 111 can be synchronized with the timing of the pixel scanning, thereby improving the problem of display unevenness (mura) of the display device caused by the capacitive coupling effect and improving the picture display quality, the frame frequency of the display device can be maintained at 60Hz, the charging effect is better, the driving is simple, and the logic power consumption is low.
[ second embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that a liquid crystal layer 30 in the present embodiment uses negative liquid crystal molecules. With the technical progress, the performance of the negative liquid crystal is remarkably improved, and the application is more and more extensive. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, in the initial state (i.e., in the case where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device), the negative liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 have a large initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrates, i.e., the negative liquid crystal molecules are in an inclined posture with respect to the substrates in the initial state.
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 8, in the embodiment, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary electrode 21 of the color filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a smaller voltage difference with respect to the reference voltage Vref is applied to each common electrode block 111 on the array substrate 10 through the common line 18, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is smaller than a preset value (for example, smaller than 0.5V). At this time, since the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 is almost not changed, and is still kept in a tilt posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle observation light leakage, the contrast is reduced in the oblique viewing direction, and the viewing angle is narrowed, and at this time, the liquid crystal display device realizes narrow viewing angle display.
Specifically, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first common voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 are both the same as the reference voltage Vref (i.e. Vcom1 is Vcom2 is Vref), for example, the first common voltage Vcom1, the second common voltage Vcom2 and the reference voltage Vref are all 0V, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is zero, and a good narrow viewing angle effect can be achieved.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 9, in the embodiment, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary electrode 21 of the color filter substrate 20, and a common voltage having a larger voltage difference with respect to the reference voltage Vref is applied to each common electrode block 111 on the array substrate 10 through the common line 18, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is greater than a preset value (for example, greater than 3V). At this time, since the voltage difference between each common electrode block 111 and the auxiliary electrode 21 is large, a strong vertical electric field E (as shown by an arrow in fig. 9) is generated between the array substrate 10 and the color film substrate 20 in the liquid crystal cell, and since the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected in a direction perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrate is reduced, the phenomenon of light leakage at a large angle of the liquid crystal display device is correspondingly reduced, the contrast is improved and the viewing angle is increased in the oblique direction, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes wide-viewing-angle display.
The rest of the structure of this embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The above embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the contents described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An array substrate is provided, the array substrate (10) is provided with a plurality of scanning lines (16) and a plurality of data lines (17), a plurality of pixel units (P) which are arranged in an array are defined by the mutual insulation and intersection of the plurality of scanning lines (16) and the plurality of data lines (17), each pixel unit (P) is internally provided with a pixel electrode (13), each pixel electrode (13) is connected with the scanning lines (16) and the data lines (17) which are adjacent to the first switching elements (1) through first switching elements (1), the array substrate (10) is further provided with a plurality of common lines (18) and a plurality of common electrode blocks (111), the plurality of common lines (18) and the plurality of data lines (17) extend along the same direction and are spaced at different layers through insulating layers (12), each common line (18) is correspondingly positioned right above one data line (17) and is overlapped with the data lines (17) up and down, each common electrode block (111) is a block electrode on the whole surface and covers two adjacent pixel units (P) at the same time along the direction of a scanning line (16), each common electrode block (111) is connected with the scanning line (16) adjacent to the second switching element (2) and a common line (18) through the second switching element (2), the common electrode blocks (111) in every two adjacent upper and lower rows are staggered in a mode of staggering one pixel unit (P), each pixel unit (P) in each row is alternately connected to the two scanning lines (16) positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the pixel unit (P) in the row, and each pixel unit (P) in each column is alternately connected to the two data lines (17) positioned on the left side and the right side of the pixel unit (P) in the column.
2. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the insulating layer (12) is provided with a via hole (121) at a position corresponding to each second switch element (2), and each common line (18) is filled in the corresponding via hole (121) and is electrically connected with the corresponding second switch element (2).
3. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the first and the last two columns of pixel units (P) are dummy non-display areas.
4. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein each pixel electrode (13) is a slit electrode having a slit.
5. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the common lines (18) at odd-numbered positions are connected to each other in the non-display area, and the common lines (18) at even-numbered positions are connected to each other in the non-display area along the scan lines (16).
6. A driving method for driving the array substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the driving method comprising:
in the first stage t1, when the scanning lines Gn and Gn +1 are simultaneously at a high level, charging a part of pixel cells (P) connected to the scanning line Gn in the nth row and the n +1 th row, and precharging a part of pixel cells (P) connected to the scanning line Gn +1 in the n +1 th row and the n +2 th row;
in the second phase t2, when the scanning lines Gn +1 and Gn +2 are simultaneously at a high level, the pixel cells (P) connected with the scanning line Gn +1 and precharged in the (n + 1) th row and the (n + 2) th row are charged, and the part of the pixel cells (P) connected with the scanning line Gn +2 in the (n + 2) th row and the (n + 3) th row are precharged;
wherein n is a positive integer.
7. A liquid crystal display device, comprising the array substrate (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a color filter substrate (20) disposed opposite to the array substrate (10), and a liquid crystal layer (30) disposed between the array substrate (10) and the color filter substrate (20), wherein the color filter substrate (20) is provided with an auxiliary electrode (21).
8. A driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device according to claim 7, characterized in that the driving method comprises:
in a first viewing angle mode, applying a reference voltage (Vref) to the auxiliary electrode (21), and applying a common voltage having a small voltage difference with respect to the reference voltage (Vref) to each common electrode block (111) through the common line (18) so that the voltage difference between the respective common electrode block (111) and the auxiliary electrode (21) is less than a preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, a reference voltage (Vref) is applied to the auxiliary electrode (21), and a common voltage having a large voltage difference with respect to the reference voltage (Vref) is applied to each common electrode block (111) through the common line (18), so that a voltage difference between each common electrode block (111) and the auxiliary electrode (21) is greater than a preset value.
9. The driving method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the common lines (18) at odd-numbered positions are connected to each other and uniformly applied with a first common voltage (Vcom1), the common lines (18) at even-numbered positions are connected to each other and uniformly applied with a second common voltage (Vcom2), the reference voltage (Vref) is a constant dc voltage, the first common voltage (Vcom1) and the second common voltage (Vcom2) are both the same as the reference voltage (Vref) in a first viewing angle mode, the first common voltage (Vcom1) and the second common voltage (Vcom2) are both ac voltages centered on the reference voltage (Vref) in a second viewing angle mode, and polarities of the first common voltage (Vcom1) and the second common voltage (Vcom2) are opposite.
10. The driving method according to claim 8, wherein the liquid crystal layer (30) employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer (30) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, and the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
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| CN114937438A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-23 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Common voltage drive circuit, display device and electronic apparatus |
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