CN108964396B - Stator partition type alternate pole hybrid excitation motor - Google Patents
Stator partition type alternate pole hybrid excitation motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN108964396B CN108964396B CN201810913928.7A CN201810913928A CN108964396B CN 108964396 B CN108964396 B CN 108964396B CN 201810913928 A CN201810913928 A CN 201810913928A CN 108964396 B CN108964396 B CN 108964396B
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/38—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stator partition type alternate pole hybrid excitation motor which comprises an armature winding, an excitation winding, a permanent magnet, a stator where the armature winding is located, a rotor and a stator where the excitation winding is located. The stator where the armature winding is located and the stator where the excitation winding is located are respectively arranged on two sides of the rotor, and when the stator where the armature winding is located is an outer stator, the stator where the excitation winding is located is an inner stator; when the stator where the excitation winding is located is an outer stator, the stator where the armature winding is located is an inner stator. The number of teeth of the stator where the armature winding is located is Nst, and the number of teeth of the stator where the excitation winding is located is Nst/3. The tooth tops of the stator teeth where the excitation windings are located face the direction of the rotor, the tooth tops of the stator teeth where each excitation winding is located are provided with one or two permanent magnet poles, and the number of formed poles is 3; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the stator teeth where the adjacent excitation windings are located are opposite. The invention realizes the effective regulation of the air gap magnetic field by arranging a set of excitation windings on the stator while solving the space limitation of the permanent magnet and the armature windings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor manufacturing, in particular to a stator partitioned alternating pole hybrid excitation motor.
Background
The permanent magnet motor has the characteristics of simple structure, high efficiency, high power density and the like, and is widely applied to occasions such as household appliances, electric automobiles, wind power generation, aerospace and the like.
Permanent magnet motors can be divided into rotor permanent magnet types and stator permanent magnet types according to different placement positions of permanent magnets. As a research focus in recent years, a stator permanent magnet type motor has a permanent magnet and an armature winding both on a stator, and a rotor having neither a winding nor a permanent magnet. The high-power-density high-efficiency high-power-density high-fault-tolerance high-power-density high-efficiency high-fault-tolerance high-load-carrying-capacity high-power-density high-fault-tolerance high-power-density.
However, just because the permanent magnet and the armature winding are both disposed on the stator side, there is a geometrical conflict between the permanent magnet and the armature winding, resulting in a limitation in the available space for both. Thus, the torque density is limited.
Therefore, z.q. Zhu (from all intents) teaches, in 2015, the new electric mechanical lifting separate permanent magnet motor in IEEE transport on magnetic, 51, 5, and the new double magnetic permanent magnet with separate stator and iron rotors, a stator-partitioned stator permanent magnet motor with armature windings on the stator with field windings on the stator, which solves the space conflict between the armature windings and the permanent magnets and improves the torque density.
However, because the permanent magnet field is a constant field, the permanent magnet motor with a partitioned stator also has an inherent problem of a permanent magnet motor, i.e., limited flux regulating capability. This limits the constant power operating range of this type of motor. Although the air gap magnetic field can be weakened by applying a negative direct axis current component (-id) in the armature winding in a vector control mode, the speed regulation range is very limited due to the limitation of the armature current, the capacity of an inverter and the like, and the efficiency and power factors of a weak magnetic acceleration interval are low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stator partitioned alternating pole hybrid excitation motor, which can solve the space limitation of permanent magnet and armature winding, and realize effective regulation of air gap magnetic field by arranging a set of excitation winding on the stator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a stator partition type alternate pole hybrid excitation motor comprises an armature winding, an excitation winding, a stator where the armature winding is located, a rotor, a stator where the excitation winding is located and a central shaft; the rotor is connected with the central shaft.
The rotor comprises rotor iron core blocks and non-magnetic conductive blocks which are circumferentially and alternately arranged, and the number of the rotor iron core blocks and the number of the non-magnetic conductive blocks are equal to the number p of the rotor poles.
The stator where the armature winding is located, the stator where the excitation winding is located and the rotor core block are all made of magnetic materials.
The stator where the armature winding is located and the stator where the excitation winding is located are arranged on two sides of the rotor respectively, a first air gap is formed between the stator where the armature winding is located and the rotor, and a second air gap is formed between the rotor and the stator where the excitation winding is located.
When the stator of the armature winding is used as an outer stator, the stator of the excitation winding is used as an inner stator; when the stator of the excitation winding is used as an outer stator, the stator of the armature winding is used as an inner stator; the number of teeth of the stator where the armature winding is located is Nst, and the number of teeth of the stator where the excitation winding is located is Nst/3; the exciting coils on the stator teeth where the adjacent exciting windings are located are electrified in opposite directions.
The addendum of the stator tooth where the excitation winding is located faces the rotor direction, one or two permanent magnets are nested on the tooth top of the stator tooth where each excitation winding is located to form one or two permanent magnet poles, the number of poles formed on the addendum of the stator where each excitation winding is located is 3, the sum of the number of the permanent magnet poles and the number of the iron core poles on the stator tooth where all the excitation windings are located is equal to the number of poles Nsp of the stator where the excitation winding is located, and Nsp = Nst; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the stator teeth where the adjacent excitation windings are located are opposite.
The middle part of the tooth top of each stator tooth where each excitation winding is positioned is respectively nested with a permanent magnet to form a permanent magnet pole, and the two sides of the permanent magnet pole are iron core poles; that is, each stator tooth where the excitation winding is located comprises a permanent magnet pole and two iron core poles.
The two sides of the tooth top of each stator tooth where each excitation winding is located are respectively nested with a permanent magnet to form two permanent magnet poles, and the stator part where the excitation winding between the two permanent magnet poles is located forms an iron core pole; namely, each stator tooth where the excitation winding is located comprises two permanent magnet poles and an iron core pole; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the stator teeth where the adjacent excitation windings are located are opposite, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets on the stator teeth where the same excitation winding is located are the same.
The armature winding and the excitation winding both adopt concentrated windings.
Each phase of armature winding is formed by connecting Nst/m coils in series, wherein m is the number of motor phases.
The excitation winding is formed by connecting Nst/3 coils in series.
The magnetic flux generated by the field winding is closed by the core pole → the air gap two → the rotor core block → the air gap one → the stator core in which the armature winding is located → the air gap one → the rotor core block → the air gap two → the stator core in which the field winding is located.
The positive exciting current is introduced into the exciting winding to realize the magnetization increase; and negative exciting current is introduced to realize field weakening.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention arranges a set of excitation winding on the stator, so that the stator is provided with two excitation sources (a permanent magnet and the excitation winding). Positive exciting current is introduced into the exciting winding to realize magnetism increase; and negative exciting current is introduced into the exciting winding, so that the field weakening can be realized. In addition, the magnetic field (excitation magnetic field) generated by the excitation winding does not pass through the permanent magnet, so that irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is avoided. In addition, the excitation winding is positioned on the stator, so that brushless excitation is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a first structure diagram of stator teeth where a field winding is located in a stator partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 shows a second structure diagram of the stator teeth where the field winding is located in the stator partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the magnetic adjustment effect of the stator partition type alternating pole hybrid excitation motor.
Among them are:
10. a stator in which the armature winding is located; 11. an armature winding;
20. the stator where the excitation winding is located; 21. a permanent magnet pole; 22. an excitation winding; 23. an iron core pole;
31. a rotor core; 32. a non-magnetic conductive block.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a stator-partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor includes an armature winding 11, an excitation winding 22, a stator 10 in which the armature winding is located, a rotor, a stator 20 in which the excitation winding is located, and a central shaft.
The stator with the armature winding and the stator with the excitation winding are respectively arranged on two sides of the rotor, the stator with the armature winding is used as an outer stator, and the stator with the excitation winding is used as an inner stator.
An air gap I is formed between the stator where the armature winding is located and the rotor, and an air gap II is formed between the rotor and the stator where the excitation winding is located.
The rotor can be connected with the central shaft through a bearing, and the central shaft is fixed to form a direct drive motor; the rotor can also be fixedly connected with the central shaft to drive the central shaft to rotate.
The armature winding is preferably wound on the stator teeth where the armature winding is located in a centralized winding manner, and assuming that the number of the stator teeth where the armature winding is located is Nst, each phase of armature winding is formed by connecting Nst/m coils in series, wherein m is the number of motor phases.
The excitation winding is preferably wound on the stator teeth where the excitation winding is located in a centralized winding mode, and the directions of currents introduced into the excitation windings on the stator teeth where the adjacent excitation windings are located are opposite. The excitation winding is formed by connecting Nst/3 coils in series.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to three-phase motors m =3, Nst =18, and p =17 as examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the armature winding is provided on the stator with three-phase armature windings A, B and C; each phase armature winding is formed by connecting 6 coils in series, for example, an A phase winding is formed by connecting A1-A6 in series. The excitation winding is formed by connecting 6 coils in series.
The rotor comprises rotor iron core blocks 31 and non-magnetic conducting blocks 32 which are circumferentially and alternately arranged, and the number of the rotor iron core blocks and the number of the non-magnetic conducting blocks are equal to the number p of rotor poles, namely equal to 17.
The stator where the armature winding is located, the stator where the excitation winding is located and the rotor core block are all made of magnetic materials.
The number of the stator teeth where the excitation winding is located is Nst/3, namely 6.
The tooth tops of the stator teeth where the excitation windings are located face the direction of the rotor, one or two permanent magnets are nested on the tooth tops of the stator teeth where each excitation winding is located to form one or two permanent magnet poles, the number of poles formed on the tooth tops of the stator where each excitation winding is located is 3, the sum of the number of permanent magnet poles and the number of iron core poles on the stator where all the excitation windings are located is equal to the number of poles Nsp of the stator where the excitation windings are located, and Nsp = Nst; the permanent magnets are preferably magnetized in a radial or parallel manner, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the stator teeth where the adjacent excitation windings are located are opposite, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the arrows indicate the magnetizing directions.
The number of stator poles of the stator teeth in which the field winding is located is preferably arranged in the following two ways.
First structure
As shown in fig. 1, a permanent magnet is respectively nested in the middle of the tooth top of each stator tooth where each excitation winding is located to form a permanent magnet pole, and both sides of the permanent magnet pole are iron core poles; that is, each stator tooth of the excitation winding includes a permanent magnet pole 21 and two core poles 23, and the stator of the excitation winding has 6 permanent magnet poles and 12 core poles.
Second structure
As shown in fig. 2, two permanent magnets are respectively nested on two sides of the tooth top of each stator tooth where each excitation winding is located to form two permanent magnet poles, and the stator part where the excitation winding between the two permanent magnet poles is located forms an iron core pole; namely, each stator tooth where the excitation winding is located comprises two permanent magnet poles and an iron core pole; the field winding would have a stator with 12 permanent magnet poles and 6 core poles.
The magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the stator teeth where the adjacent excitation windings are located are opposite, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets on the stator teeth where the same excitation winding is located are the same.
The ability of the field winding to tune magnetic flux is limited by the reluctance of its flux path. According to the "least reluctance" principle, the magnetic field lines are always closed by the path of least reluctance. Because the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet is far greater than that of the iron core, the magnetic flux generated by the excitation winding is not closed by the iron core pole → the air gap two → the rotor iron core block → the air gap one → the stator iron core where the armature winding is positioned → the air gap one → the rotor iron core block → the air gap two → the stator iron core where the excitation winding is positioned without passing through the permanent magnet. Therefore, the invention has good magnetic regulation capability and avoids the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet caused by the excitation magnetic field.
In addition, the magnetization is realized by introducing positive exciting current into the exciting winding; and negative exciting current is introduced to realize field weakening.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. and the adoption of the partitioned stator solves the space limitation of the permanent magnet and the armature winding and improves the torque density.
2. The ability of the field winding to tune magnetic flux is limited by the reluctance of its flux path. According to the "least reluctance" principle, the magnetic field lines are always closed by the path of least reluctance. Because the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet is far greater than that of the iron core, the magnetic flux generated by the excitation winding is not closed by the iron core pole → the air gap two → the rotor iron core block → the air gap one → the stator iron core where the armature winding is positioned → the air gap one → the rotor iron core block → the air gap two → the stator iron core where the excitation winding is positioned without passing through the permanent magnet. Therefore, the invention has good magnetic regulation capability and avoids the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet caused by the excitation magnetic field.
3. The regulation effect of the no-load back-emf is achieved by applying a positive excitation current (magnetizing) and a negative excitation current (demagnetizing), see in particular fig. 3.
3. The stator of the field winding of the present invention includes permanent magnets having opposite magnetization directions although permanent magnet poles and core poles are alternately arranged, and thus there is no problem of leakage of magnetic flux of a single polarity and magnetization of mechanical parts.
4. The excitation winding is positioned on the stator, so that brushless excitation is realized.
5. The motor of the invention can be operated electrically and also can be operated for generating electricity.
Example 2
At this time, the specific structure of the stator teeth where the excitation winding is located is the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A stator partition type alternate pole hybrid excitation motor comprises an armature winding, an excitation winding, an outer stator, a rotor, an inner stator and a rotating shaft, wherein the outer stator, the rotor, the inner stator and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged from outside to inside in sequence; an outer gap is formed between the outer stator and the rotor, an inner gap is formed between the rotor and the inner stator, and the rotor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the method is characterized in that: the armature winding is wound on the outer stator teeth, the excitation winding is wound on the inner stator teeth, and the directions of currents introduced into the excitation windings on the adjacent inner stator teeth are opposite;
the rotor comprises rotor iron core blocks and non-magnetic conducting blocks which are circumferentially and alternately arranged, and the number of the rotor iron core blocks and the number of the non-magnetic conducting blocks are equal to the number p of rotor poles;
the outer stator, the inner stator and the rotor iron core block are all made of magnetic materials;
the number of outer stator teeth is Nst,
the number of the inner stator teeth is Nst/3, the tooth tops of the inner stator teeth face the direction of the rotor, one or two permanent magnets are nested on the tooth tops of the inner stator teeth to form one or two permanent magnet poles, the number of poles of each inner stator tooth is 3, the sum of the number of all the permanent magnet poles on the inner stator and the number of all the iron core poles is equal to the number of poles Nsp of the inner stator, and the number of poles Nsp = Nst of the inner stator; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the adjacent inner stator teeth are opposite;
the magnetic flux generated by the field winding is closed by the "core pole → inner air gap → rotor core block → outer air gap → outer stator core → outer air gap → rotor core block → inner air gap → inner stator core".
2. The stator-partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the tooth top of each inner stator tooth is respectively nested with a permanent magnet to form a permanent magnet pole, and the two sides of the permanent magnet pole are iron core poles; i.e. each inner stator tooth comprises one permanent magnet pole and two core poles.
3. The stator-partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: two permanent magnets are respectively nested at two sides of the tooth top of each inner stator tooth to form two permanent magnet poles, and an iron core pole is formed at the inner stator part between the two permanent magnet poles; that is, each inner stator tooth comprises two permanent magnet poles and an iron core pole; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the adjacent inner stator teeth are opposite, and the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets on the same inner stator tooth are the same.
4. The stator-partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the armature winding and the excitation winding both adopt concentrated windings.
5. The stator-partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: each phase of armature winding is formed by connecting Nst/m coils in series, wherein m is the number of motor phases.
6. The stator-partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: the excitation winding is formed by connecting Nst/3 coils in series.
7. The stator-partitioned alternating-pole hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positive exciting current is introduced into the exciting winding to realize the magnetization increase; and negative exciting current is introduced to realize field weakening.
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| CN201810913928.7A CN108964396B (en) | 2018-08-13 | 2018-08-13 | Stator partition type alternate pole hybrid excitation motor |
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| CN201810913928.7A CN108964396B (en) | 2018-08-13 | 2018-08-13 | Stator partition type alternate pole hybrid excitation motor |
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| CN108964396B true CN108964396B (en) | 2020-02-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111082625A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-04-28 | 东华大学 | Alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor |
| CN111509938B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-12-21 | 江苏大学 | Multi-working-mode double-stator magnetic field modulation motor |
| CN112910123B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-03-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rotor magnetic pole modulation type induction hybrid excitation brushless motor and power generation system |
| CN112787476B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-11-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Integrated direct-current induction hybrid excitation brushless motor based on alternating-pole rotor |
| CN113364238B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2024-03-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation brushless motor |
| CN115603537B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-03 | 东南大学 | Double-stator variable magnetic flux double-permanent-magnet magnetic field modulation motor |
| CN116317233B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2024-05-10 | 江苏大学 | Surface-embedded permanent magnet type double-stator hybrid excitation motor, design analysis method thereof and performance optimization method of air gap field harmonic wave |
| CN116207892B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-11 | 成都理工大学 | Mixed excitation motor |
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| CN101213719A (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-07-02 | 西门子公司 | Synchronous machine |
| CN106385153A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-08 | 华中科技大学 | Hybrid excitation Motor |
| CN107070150A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of concentratred winding direct current biasing type hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor |
| CN107222075A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏大学 | A kind of bimorph transducer mixed excitation electric machine with T-shaped inner stator unshakable in one's determination |
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2018
- 2018-08-13 CN CN201810913928.7A patent/CN108964396B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101213719A (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-07-02 | 西门子公司 | Synchronous machine |
| CN107070150A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of concentratred winding direct current biasing type hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor |
| CN106385153A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-08 | 华中科技大学 | Hybrid excitation Motor |
| CN107222075A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏大学 | A kind of bimorph transducer mixed excitation electric machine with T-shaped inner stator unshakable in one's determination |
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