CN108929519A - A kind of basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108929519A
CN108929519A CN201710388822.5A CN201710388822A CN108929519A CN 108929519 A CN108929519 A CN 108929519A CN 201710388822 A CN201710388822 A CN 201710388822A CN 108929519 A CN108929519 A CN 108929519A
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cyanate ester
preparation
ester resin
epoxy resin
resin
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不公告发明人
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Luoyang Institute Of Jianduan Technology
Luoyang Advanced Technology Research Institute
Luoyang Advanced Equipment Technology Co Ltd
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Luoyang Institute Of Jianduan Technology
Luoyang Advanced Equipment Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/083676 priority patent/WO2018214680A1/en
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    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/20Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
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    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G73/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
    • C08G73/06Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
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    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
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    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/06Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08L79/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
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    • C08J2363/00Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof, this method includes:Epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin are stirred according to the ratio, toughener is added, adds curing catalysts, is stirred, forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;Prepreg is made in Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin and basalt fibre;And laying, solidification, obtain basalt fiber composite material.The mechanical property and heat resistance of the basalt composite material of preparation greatly enhance, and reduce costs, and can be widely applied to the fields such as industry, building, automobile, aviation.

Description

A kind of basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to Material Fields, more particularly, to a kind of basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Cyanate ester resin (CE) is the novel high-performance resin containing two or more cyanate functional groups (- OCN), It can satisfy aerospace field structure/function with excellent properties such as high heat resistance, low dielectric constant and dielectric losses The requirement of energy composite material, is a kind of high performance matrix resin.
But presently, there are epoxy resin/cyanate composite material system in mainly with common bisphenol A type epoxy resin It is reacted with cyanate ester resin, and the heat resistance of bisphenol A type epoxy resin is significantly lower than the heat resistance of cyanate ester resin, therefore can be sacrificial The heat resistance of domestic animal cyanate ester resin.
Meanwhile the reinforcement in existing composite material is mainly carbon fiber and glass fibre, carbon fiber has very high Specific strength, but it is at high cost, it is mainly used in war industry field;Glass fibre is at low cost, equal in war industry and civil field It is widely used, but glass fibre non-refractory, when temperature is higher than 400 DEG C, loss of strength is serious, retains almost without intensity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is greater than 3 Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin using degree of functionality, effectively maintains resin system Heat resistance;In addition, reinforcement uses high performance basalt fibre, which is a kind of environment-protection fiber, and mechanical strength is high, source It is abundant, there is excellent chemical stability, and heat-resist, using temperature up to 650 DEG C, is combined with high performance resin Composite material further improve the composite materials property and heat resistance, and in preparation process using hot melt prepare Prepreg, high production efficiency, quality are stable and at low cost.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of basalt fiber composite material, include the following steps:
Epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin are stirred according to the ratio, toughener is added, adds curing catalysts, is stirred Mixing, vacuum outgas form Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;By Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin with it is profound Prepreg is made in military rock fiber;And laying, solidification, obtain basalt fiber composite material.
In the above preparation method, the mass ratio of epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin is 6~8:2~4.
In the above preparation method, the mass ratio of epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin is 7:3.
In the above preparation method, epoxy resin is four glycidyl amine of diaminodiphenylmethane, four glycidyl methylenes Diphenylamines or epoxidation m-xylene diamine.
In the above preparation method, cyanate ester resin is bisphenol A cyanate ester resin, bis-phenol M type cyanate ester resin, bis-phenol E type cyanate ester resin or bisphenol-f type cyanate ester resin.
In the above preparation method, epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin 80~100 DEG C at a temperature of be stirred to mixed It closes uniform.
In the above preparation method, toughener is the one or more of polyether sulfone, polyetherimide, polysulfones and polyether-ketone.
In the above preparation method, the quality of toughener is the 25~35% of epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin gross mass.
In the above preparation method, curing catalysts be manganese octoate, cupric octoate, zinc octoate, sad chromium it is one or more.
In the above preparation method, the quality of curing catalysts be epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin gross mass 0.8~ 1.2%.
In the above preparation method, by hot melt by Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin and basalt fibre system At prepreg.
In the above preparation method, basalt fibre is basalt one-way fabric.
In the above preparation method, cured pressure is 1~2MPa;Cured temperature is 100~150 DEG C;When cured Between be 1~3h.
The present invention also provides a kind of basalt fiber composite materials prepared according to method made above.
The basalt fibre of the Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin of the method preparation provided through the invention is compound Material, by the selection to epoxy resin type and the epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin quality proportioning, and it is toughener, solid Change the addition of catalyst, so that-OCN the functional group in cyanate ester resin sufficiently reacts with functional groups more in epoxy resin, It is mixed again by high-temperature stirring, effectively increases the heat resistance of composite material, the epoxy resin roughening for having obtained function admirable changes The cyanate ester resin of property, and by compound with high mechanical properties and heat-resist basalt fibre, further had The composite material of excellent mechanical property and high heat resistance, meanwhile, preparation process is simple, and material source is abundant, can effectively drop Low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow schematic diagram of basalt fiber composite material.
Specific embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art that the present invention be more fully understood, but not limit in any way The present invention.
The present invention selects degree of functionality to be greater than 3 Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin, while selecting high performance profound Military rock fiber is reinforcement, has obtained the basalt composite material with high mechanical property and heat resistance by hot melt, is had Steps are as follows for body:
It is 6~8 by mass ratio:2~4 epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin 80~100 DEG C at a temperature of be stirred To being uniformly mixed, the toughener of 25~35% (percentages for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, stirring is mixed It is bonded to uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free;Wherein, epoxy resin is four glycidyl amine of diaminodiphenylmethane, Fourth Ring Oxygen propyl group methylene dianiline or epoxidation m-xylene diamine;Cyanate ester resin is bisphenol A cyanate ester resin, bis-phenol M type cyanic acid Ester resin, bisphenol E-type cyanate resin or bisphenol-f type cyanate ester resin;Toughener be polyether sulfone, polyetherimide, polysulfones and Polyether-ketone it is one or more.
The curing catalysts of 0.8~1.2% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass), stirring is added It mixes to being uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;By normal in this field Prepreg is made in Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin and basalt fibre by hot melt;Wherein, curing catalysts For manganese octoate, cupric octoate, zinc octoate, sad chromium it is one or more.
Laying, under the pressure of 1~2MPa, 100~150 DEG C of 1~3h of solidification obtain basalt fiber composite material.
Embodiment one
It is 6 by mass ratio:2 four glycidyl amine of diaminodiphenylmethane and bisphenol A cyanate ester resin is at 90 DEG C At a temperature of be stirred to be uniformly mixed, be added 30% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) polyethers Sulfone is stirred to uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free;
The manganese octoate of 1% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, is stirred to mixing Uniformly, vacuum outgas forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin to bubble-free;By hot melt by epoxy resin roughening Prepreg is made in modified cyanic acid ester resin and basalt fibre;
Laying, under the pressure of 1MPa, 150 DEG C of solidification 3h obtain basalt fiber composite material.
Embodiment two
It is 8 by mass ratio:3 four glycidyl methylene dianilines and bis-phenol M type cyanate ester resin 80 DEG C at a temperature of It is stirred to being uniformly mixed, the polyetherimide of 25% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added Amine is stirred to uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free;
The cupric octoate of 0.8% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, is stirred to mixed It closes uniformly, vacuum outgas to bubble-free forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;Epoxy resin is increased by hot melt Prepreg is made in tough modified cyanic acid ester resin and basalt fibre;
Laying, under the pressure of 2MPa, 100 DEG C of solidification 1h obtain basalt fiber composite material.
Embodiment three
It is 7 by mass ratio:4 four glycidyl amine of diaminodiphenylmethane and bisphenol E-type cyanate resin is at 100 DEG C At a temperature of be stirred to be uniformly mixed, be added 35% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) gather Sulfone is stirred to uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free;
The zinc octoate of 0.9% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, is stirred to mixed It closes uniformly, vacuum outgas to bubble-free forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;Epoxy resin is increased by hot melt Prepreg is made in tough modified cyanic acid ester resin and basalt fibre;
Laying, under the pressure of 1.5MPa, 125 DEG C of solidification 2h obtain basalt fiber composite material.
Example IV
It is 7 by mass ratio:3 four glycidyl amine of diaminodiphenylmethane and bisphenol-f type cyanate ester resin is at 95 DEG C At a temperature of be stirred to be uniformly mixed, be added 29% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) polyethers Ketone is stirred to uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free;
The sad chromium of 1.2% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, is stirred to mixed It closes uniformly, vacuum outgas to bubble-free forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;Epoxy resin is increased by hot melt Prepreg is made in tough modified cyanic acid ester resin and basalt fibre;
Laying, under the pressure of 2MPa, 100 DEG C of solidification 1.5h obtain basalt fiber composite material.
Embodiment five
It is 7 by mass ratio:3 epoxidation m-xylene diamine and bisphenol A cyanate ester resin 90 DEG C at a temperature of stir It mixes to being uniformly mixed, the polyether sulfone of 30% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, stirring is mixed It is bonded to uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free;
The manganese octoate of 1.1% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, is stirred to mixed It closes uniformly, vacuum outgas to bubble-free forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;Epoxy resin is increased by hot melt Prepreg is made in tough modified cyanic acid ester resin and basalt fibre;
Laying, under the pressure of 1MPa, 150 DEG C of solidification 3h obtain basalt fiber composite material.
Embodiment six
It is 7 by mass ratio:3 four glycidyl amine of diaminodiphenylmethane and bisphenol A cyanate ester resin is at 85 DEG C At a temperature of be stirred to be uniformly mixed, be added 30% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) polyethers Sulfone is stirred to uniformly mixed, vacuum outgas to bubble-free;
The manganese octoate of 1% (percentage for accounting for epoxy resin Yu cyanate ester resin gross mass) is added, is stirred to mixing Uniformly, vacuum outgas forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin to bubble-free;By hot melt by epoxy resin roughening Prepreg is made in modified cyanic acid ester resin and basalt fibre;
Laying, under the pressure of 1.5MPa, 130 DEG C of solidification 2h obtain basalt fiber composite material.
It is stirred above using SHR-10 high-speed mixer, revolving speed is 800~900r/min.
Impact strength, compressive strength use method commonly used in the art, use CMT5105 electronic universal cupping machine Measurement;Glass transition temperature is measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) commonly used in the art.
The batten of 30mm*30mm*4mm is cut into after the basalt composite material of embodiment one to six is cooled to room temperature, Its impact strength, compressive strength and glass transition temperature are tested, test result see the table below 1:
Table 1, test result
Seen from table 1, the present invention is greater than 3 Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin using degree of functionality, passes through selection The quality proportioning of epoxy resin type and the epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin, and the addition of toughener, curing catalysts, So that-OCN the functional group in cyanate ester resin and more functional group reactions in epoxy resin, then mixed by high-temperature stirring, The heat resistance of the cyanate ester resin of Toughening Epoxy Resin is improved, so that the glass transition temperature Tg of the composite material is most Up to 650 DEG C, and the basalt fibre due to having used mechanical property good, and resin film is infiltrated into enhancing using hot melt Material basalt fibre, so that the impact resistance and toughness of composite material greatly enhance, impact strength is up to 475.41kJ/ m2, compressive strength is up to 331MPa.Therefore, the basalt fiber composite material of the method preparation provided through the invention has High mechanical property and heat resistance, and it is at low cost, it can be widely applied to the fields such as industry, building, automobile, aviation.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments, without departing substantially from spirit of the invention In the case where range, a variety of variations can be carried out, replaced and changed.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of preparation method of basalt fiber composite material, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin are stirred according to the ratio, toughener is added, adds curing catalysts, stirring is mixed It closes, forms Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin;
Prepreg is made in the Toughening Epoxy Resin cyanate ester resin and basalt fibre;And
Laying, solidification obtain the basalt fiber composite material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the matter of the epoxy resin and the cyanate ester resin Amount is than being 6~8:2~4.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the matter of the epoxy resin and the cyanate ester resin Amount is than being 7:3.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the epoxy resin is the contracting of diaminodiphenylmethane four Water glyceramine, four glycidyl methylene dianilines or epoxidation m-xylene diamine.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cyanate ester resin is bisphenol A cyanate ester tree Rouge, bis-phenol M type cyanate ester resin, bisphenol E-type cyanate resin or bisphenol-f type cyanate ester resin.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the epoxy resin and the cyanate ester resin are 80 It is stirred at a temperature of~100 DEG C to uniformly mixed.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the toughener is polyether sulfone, polyetherimide, gathers Sulfone and polyether-ketone it is one or more.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the quality of the toughener be the epoxy resin and The 25~35% of the cyanate ester resin gross mass.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the curing catalysts are manganese octoate, cupric octoate, pungent Sour zinc, sad chromium it is one or more.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the quality of the curing catalysts is the epoxy The 0.8~1.2% of resin and the cyanate ester resin gross mass.
11. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that changed the epoxy resin roughening by hot melt Property cyanate ester resin and the basalt fibre prepreg is made.
12. preparation method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the basalt fibre is that basalt is unidirectionally knitted Object.
13. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cured pressure is 1~2MPa;It is described solid The temperature of change is 100~150 DEG C;The cured time is 1~3h.
14. a kind of basalt fiber composite material of preparation method preparation according to claim 1 to 13.
CN201710388822.5A 2017-05-24 2017-05-24 A kind of basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN108929519A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110357785A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-22 阳姓桦 A kind of preparation method of cyanate ester resin plasticizer
CN112111150A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-12-22 陕西省建筑科学研究院有限公司 La-BF/BADCy composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113320239A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-31 武汉中科先进技术研究院有限公司 Basalt fiber reinforced wear-resistant composite material and preparation method thereof

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