CN108891105B - Explosion-proof glass and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Explosion-proof glass and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108891105B CN108891105B CN201810609286.1A CN201810609286A CN108891105B CN 108891105 B CN108891105 B CN 108891105B CN 201810609286 A CN201810609286 A CN 201810609286A CN 108891105 B CN108891105 B CN 108891105B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
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- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10091—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet thermally hardened
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- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
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- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10908—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in liquid form
- B32B17/10917—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in liquid form between two pre-positioned glass layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
- C03C14/002—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of fibres, filaments, yarns, felts or woven material
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
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Abstract
The invention relates to special glass, in particular to explosion-proof glass and a preparation method thereof. The explosion-proof glass comprises multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film mixed in the middle of the toughened glass, wherein: the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of boron nitride fiber, 5-20 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of boron oxide, 5-15 parts of potassium carbonate, 3-8 parts of mirabilite, 0.5-5 parts of cesium nitrate, 0.5-3 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-5 parts of fluxing agent and 0.5-1 part of reducing agent. The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the raw materials are added with toughening components, so that the explosion-proof effect is good; (2) is a multi-layer laminated structure; (3) the safety is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to special glass, in particular to explosion-proof glass and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The explosion-proof glass is glass capable of preventing violent impact, is special glass which is machined by using special additives and an intermediate interlayer, and cannot easily fall off even if the glass is broken, because the intermediate material is fully bonded with the explosion-proof glass on the other side. Therefore, the explosion-proof glass can greatly reduce the damage to personnel and valuables when encountering violent impact.
The explosion-proof glass is divided into two types according to different production and processing technologies:
common type explosion-proof glass
The common explosion-proof glass is characterized in that the glass structure is special glass made of single float glass through strengthening treatment, the strengthened glass surface has strong anti-impact capacity, the explosion-proof effect of the glass is continuously enhanced along with the continuous thickening of the glass, the thickness of the glass is generally 20 mm, the glass with the thickness exceeding 20 mm is made into the explosion-proof glass, the strengthening treatment is difficult to be in place at one time, and the glass needs to be careful for selecting common explosion-proof glass user groups.
Once the common explosion-proof glass is broken, the glass becomes fragments and cannot effectively resist wind pressure or secondary impact of heavy objects. In a strict sense, the common explosion-proof glass does not belong to the true "explosion-proof glass".
Reinforced explosion-proof glass
The reinforced explosion-proof glass is made up by sandwiching two or more pieces of float glass with strong PVB film, pressing by hot press, exhausting air, and high-temp high-pressure steam in high-pressure steam kettle.
For example, an explosion-proof glass material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed in the Chinese patent literature, and the application publication No. CN105693088A discloses an explosion-proof glass material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the explosion-proof glass material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of silicon dioxide, 8-11 parts of boron oxide, 2-3 parts of silicon phosphoric acid, 1-2 parts of methyl triacetoxysilane, 1-1.5 parts of magnesium aluminosilicate, 1-1.5 parts of sodium bismuthate, 0.5-0.9 part of cerous nitrate hexahydrate, 0.5-0.8 part of rutile, 0.05-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.02-0.4 part of lead oxide and 0.02-0.05 part of polydimethylsiloxane diquaternary ammonium salt, and also provides a preparation method of the explosion-proof glass material. However, no toughening active ingredient is added into the explosion-proof glass, so that the explosion-proof effect is poor, and meanwhile, the added organic matters are decomposed in the smelting process, so that the functions of the glass cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the material of the explosion-proof glass in the prior art has no toughening component, has a single-layer structure and no organic filling layer, has poor explosion-proof effect and is scattered to the ground after the glass is crushed, and provides the explosion-proof glass which is added with the toughening component, has a multi-layer structure, contains the organic filling layer between layers, has good explosion-proof effect, cannot be scattered to the ground after the glass is crushed, and is safe and reliable, and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the explosion-proof glass consists of multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film sandwiched between the toughened glass, wherein:
the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of boron nitride fiber, 5-20 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of boron oxide, 5-15 parts of potassium carbonate, 3-8 parts of mirabilite, 0.5-5 parts of cesium nitrate, 0.5-3 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-5 parts of fluxing agent and 0.5-1 part of reducing agent.
The explosion-proof glass adopts a multilayer structure design, and the polymer film is mixed between layers, so that the explosion-proof effect of the glass can be effectively enhanced, and meanwhile, after the glass is crushed, the crushed glass cannot scatter to the ground, and the safety of the glass in the using process is enhanced. Meanwhile, the glass raw materials are toughened by the boron nitride fibers, so that the toughness of the glass is greatly improved, the mechanical effect of the glass is greatly improved, and the explosion-proof effect of the glass is enhanced. A large amount of potassium element and cesium element are added, so that the toughened glass is cesium potassium toughened glass, and the fire resistance effect and the mechanical property can be greatly improved.
Preferably, the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: the weight ratio of the quartz sand to the boron nitride fiber to the bentonite to the boron oxide is 100:15-20:10-15: 6-8.
The quartz sand provided by the invention has the main function of providing silicon dioxide, wherein the silicon dioxide forms a framework in the glass, and can effectively endow the glass with good chemical stability, thermal stability, transparency, higher softening temperature, hardness and mechanical strength. The bentonite contains a large amount of alumina, so that the crystallization tendency of the glass can be effectively reduced, the chemical stability, the thermal stability and the mechanical strength of the glass are improved, the corrosion of the glass to refractory materials is reduced, and the glass forming operation range is expanded. Boron oxide addition makes the glass a borosilicate glass, which has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, about one-third that of ordinary glass. This will reduce the effect due to temperature gradient stress and thus have a stronger fracture resistance.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the potassium carbonate to the mirabilite to the cesium nitrate to the zinc oxide in the tempered glass is 5-10:3-8:1-3: 1.
Preferably, the fluxing agent is a mixture of potassium fluoborate, fluorite and alumina in a weight ratio of 0.5:2: 2.
Preferably, the reducing agent is one of pulverized coal, carbon powder and metal antimony powder.
Preferably, the diameter of the boron nitride fiber is 80-120 nanometers, and the length of the boron nitride fiber is 10-100 micrometers.
Preferably, the polymer film is a borosilicate-modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the preparation method is as follows: according to the weight portion, 18-25 portions of polyvinyl alcohol and 3-6 portions of boric acid are dissolved in 250 portions of water with the temperature of 95 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 65-70 ℃ after the polyvinyl alcohol and the boric acid are completely dissolved, then 12-18 portions of n-butyl aldehyde are added and evenly stirred, 5 portions of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 35% are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for reaction for 1-3 hours, then 5-8 portions of methyl triacetoxysilane are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for continuous reaction for 0.5-1.5 hours, when the gelation time of the product reaches 20-30min/100 ℃, the reaction is stopped, and the borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin is obtained, wherein the thickness of the polymer film is 150-. .
The polyvinyl butyral resin has the advantages of good transparency and high impact strength, has excellent adhesive force to glass, can effectively adhere to the glass, enables the glass not to scatter after being cracked, and still can keep the original state, has good flame retardance and high temperature resistance, can not be degraded under the condition of 600 ℃, and still can keep the mechanical property.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof glass comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula, putting the raw materials except the boron nitride fiber in a ball mill, and grinding and mixing to obtain glass raw powder;
(2) placing the glass raw powder obtained in the step (1) in a smelting furnace, performing gradient temperature rise, then adding boron nitride fibers in the gradient temperature rise process, uniformly mixing, and performing casting molding to obtain a glass raw plate;
(3) annealing the glass original plate obtained in the step (2) for a plurality of times to obtain toughened glass;
(4) and (4) casting a layer of polymer film between the toughened glass in the step (3), and bonding the toughened glass through the polymer film by hot pressing to obtain the explosion-proof glass.
Preferably, the gradient temperature raising procedure in step (2) is as follows: heating the glass raw powder from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20 minutes, then continuously heating to 1200-1350 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, finally heating to 1450 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-45 minutes after adding the boron nitride fiber.
Preferably, the annealing step is as follows: the obtained glass original plate is heated to 850 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and annealing is carried out for 3 times.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the raw materials are added with toughening components, so that the explosion-proof effect is good; (2) is a multi-layer laminated structure; (3) the safety is good.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by means of specific examples.
In the examples of the present invention, the raw materials used are those commonly used in the art, and the methods used in the examples are those conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The explosion-proof glass consists of multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film sandwiched between the toughened glass, wherein:
the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 100 parts of boron nitride fiber with the diameter of 80 nanometers and the length of 10 micrometers, 5 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of boron oxide, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 3 parts of mirabilite, 0.5 part of cesium nitrate, 0.5 part of zinc oxide, 0.05 part of potassium fluoborate, 0.23 part of fluorite, 0.23 part of alumina and 0.5 part of coal powder.
The polymer film is borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 18 portions of polyvinyl alcohol and 3 portions of boric acid are dissolved in 250 portions of water with the temperature of 95 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 65 ℃ after the polyvinyl alcohol and the boric acid are completely dissolved, then 12 portions of n-butyl aldehyde are added and uniformly stirred, 5 portions of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 35% are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for reaction for 1 hour, then 5 portions of methyl triacetoxysilane are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for continuous reaction for 0.5 hour, when the gelation time of a product reaches 20min/100 ℃, the reaction is stopped, and the borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin is obtained, wherein the thickness of the polymer film is 150 mu m.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof glass comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula, placing the raw materials except the boron nitride fiber in a ball mill, and grinding and mixing to obtain the glass raw powder.
(2) Placing the glass raw powder obtained in the step (1) in a smelting furnace, performing gradient temperature rise, then adding boron nitride fibers in the gradient temperature rise process, uniformly mixing, and performing casting molding to obtain a glass raw plate;
the gradient temperature-raising procedure in the step (2) is as follows: heating the glass raw powder from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20 minutes, then continuously heating to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, finally heating to 1450 ℃, adding boron nitride fiber, and preserving heat for 20 minutes.
(3) Annealing the glass original plate obtained in the step (2) for a plurality of times to obtain toughened glass;
the annealing steps are as follows: the obtained glass original plate is heated to 850 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and annealing is carried out for 3 times.
(4) And (4) casting a layer of polymer film between the toughened glass in the step (3), and bonding the toughened glass through the polymer film by hot pressing to obtain the explosion-proof glass.
Example 2
The explosion-proof glass consists of multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film sandwiched between the toughened glass, wherein:
the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 20 parts of boron nitride fiber with the diameter of 120 nanometers and the length of 100 micrometers, 20 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of boron oxide, 15 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of mirabilite, 5 parts of cesium nitrate, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 0.56 part of potassium fluoborate, 2.22 parts of fluorite, 2.22 parts of aluminum oxide and 0.5-1 part of carbon powder.
The polymer film is borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 25 portions of polyvinyl alcohol and 6 portions of boric acid are dissolved in 250 portions of water with the temperature of 95 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃ after the polyvinyl alcohol and the boric acid are completely dissolved, 18 portions of n-butyl aldehyde are added and evenly stirred, 5 portions of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 35% are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for reaction for 3 hours, then 8 portions of methyl triacetoxysilane are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for continuous reaction for 1.5 hours, when the gelation time of a product reaches 30min/100 ℃, the reaction is stopped, and the borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin is obtained, wherein the thickness of the polymer film is 250 mu m.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof glass comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula, putting the raw materials except the boron nitride fiber in a ball mill, and grinding and mixing to obtain glass raw powder;
(2) placing the glass raw powder obtained in the step (1) in a smelting furnace, performing gradient temperature rise, then adding boron nitride fibers in the gradient temperature rise process, uniformly mixing, and performing casting molding to obtain a glass raw plate;
the gradient temperature-raising procedure in the step (2) is as follows: heating the glass raw powder from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20 minutes, then continuously heating to 1350 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, finally heating to 1450 ℃, adding boron nitride fiber, and preserving heat for 45 minutes.
(3) Annealing the glass original plate obtained in the step (2) for a plurality of times to obtain toughened glass;
the annealing steps are as follows: the obtained glass original plate is heated to 850 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and annealing is carried out for 3 times.
(4) And (4) casting a layer of polymer film between the toughened glass in the step (3), and bonding the toughened glass through the polymer film by hot pressing to obtain the explosion-proof glass.
Example 3
The explosion-proof glass consists of multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film sandwiched between the toughened glass, wherein:
the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 15 parts of boron nitride fiber with the diameter of 100 nanometers and the length of 50 micrometers, 10 parts of bentonite, 6 parts of boron oxide, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 3 parts of mirabilite, 1 part of cesium nitrate, 1 part of zinc oxide, 0.4 part of potassium fluoborate, 1.8 parts of fluorite, 1.8 parts of aluminum oxide and 0.6 part of metal antimony powder.
The polymer film is borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 20 portions of polyvinyl alcohol and 4 portions of boric acid are dissolved in 250 portions of water with the temperature of 95 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 66 ℃ after the polyvinyl alcohol and the boric acid are completely dissolved, then 15 portions of n-butyl aldehyde are added and uniformly stirred, 5 portions of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 35% are dropwise added into the n-butyl aldehyde for reaction for 2 hours, then 6 portions of methyl triacetoxysilane are dropwise added into the n-butyl aldehyde for continuous reaction for 1 hour, when the gelation time of a product reaches 25min/100 ℃, the reaction is stopped, and the borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin is obtained, wherein the thickness of the polymer film is 200 mu m.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof glass comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula, placing the raw materials except the boron nitride fiber in a ball mill, and grinding and mixing to obtain the glass raw powder.
(2) Placing the glass raw powder obtained in the step (1) in a smelting furnace, performing gradient temperature rise, then adding boron nitride fibers in the gradient temperature rise process, uniformly mixing, and performing casting molding to obtain a glass raw plate;
the gradient temperature-raising procedure in the step (2) is as follows: heating the glass raw powder from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20 minutes, then continuously heating to 1300 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, finally heating to 1450 ℃, adding boron nitride fiber, and preserving heat for 35 minutes.
(3) Annealing the glass original plate obtained in the step (2) for a plurality of times to obtain toughened glass;
the annealing steps are as follows: the obtained glass original plate is heated to 850 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and annealing is carried out for 3 times.
(4) And (4) casting a layer of polymer film between the toughened glass in the step (3), and bonding the toughened glass through the polymer film by hot pressing to obtain the explosion-proof glass.
Example 4
The explosion-proof glass consists of multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film sandwiched between the toughened glass, wherein:
the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 20 parts of boron nitride fiber with the diameter of 85 nanometers and the length of 80 micrometers, 15 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of boron oxide, 10 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of mirabilite, 3 parts of cesium nitrate, 1 part of zinc oxide, 0.3 part of potassium fluoborate, 1.3 parts of fluorite, 1.3 parts of aluminum oxide and 0.8 part of carbon powder.
The polymer film is borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 22 portions of polyvinyl alcohol and 4 portions of boric acid are dissolved in 250 portions of water with the temperature of 95 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 68 ℃ after the polyvinyl alcohol and the boric acid are completely dissolved, then 14 portions of n-butyl aldehyde are added and uniformly stirred, 5 portions of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 35% are dropwise added into the n-butyl aldehyde for reaction for 2 hours, then 7 portions of methyl triacetoxysilane are dropwise added into the n-butyl aldehyde for continuous reaction for 1 hour, when the gelation time of a product reaches 30min/100 ℃, the reaction is stopped, and the borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin is obtained, wherein the thickness of the polymer film is 180 mu m.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof glass comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula, placing the raw materials except the boron nitride fiber in a ball mill, and grinding and mixing to obtain the glass raw powder.
(2) Placing the glass raw powder obtained in the step (1) in a smelting furnace, performing gradient temperature rise, then adding boron nitride fibers in the gradient temperature rise process, uniformly mixing, and performing casting molding to obtain a glass raw plate;
the gradient temperature-raising procedure in the step (2) is as follows: heating the glass raw powder from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20 minutes, then continuously heating to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, finally heating to 1450 ℃, adding boron nitride fiber, and preserving heat for 40 minutes.
(3) Annealing the glass original plate obtained in the step (2) for a plurality of times to obtain toughened glass;
the annealing steps are as follows: the obtained glass original plate is heated to 850 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and annealing is carried out for 3 times.
(4) And (4) casting a layer of polymer film between the toughened glass in the step (3), and bonding the toughened glass through the polymer film by hot pressing to obtain the explosion-proof glass.
Example 5
The explosion-proof glass consists of multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film sandwiched between the toughened glass, wherein:
the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 18 parts of boron nitride fiber with the diameter of 120 nanometers and the length of 10 micrometers, 12 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of boron oxide, 8 parts of potassium carbonate, 4 parts of mirabilite, 2 parts of cesium nitrate, 1 part of zinc oxide, 0.2 part of potassium fluoborate, 0.8 part of fluorite, 0.8 part of aluminum oxide, 0.5-5 parts of antimony powder and 1 part of metal antimony powder.
The polymer film is borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 18 portions of polyvinyl alcohol and 6 portions of boric acid are dissolved in 250 portions of water with the temperature of 95 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃ after the polyvinyl alcohol and the boric acid are completely dissolved, then 12 portions of n-butyl aldehyde are added and evenly stirred, 5 portions of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 35% are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for reaction for 1 hour, then 8 portions of methyl triacetoxysilane are dripped into the n-butyl aldehyde for continuous reaction for 1.5 hours, when the gelation time of a product reaches 20min/100 ℃, the reaction is stopped, and the borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin is obtained, wherein the thickness of the polymer film is 180 mu m.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof glass comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula, placing the raw materials except the boron nitride fiber in a ball mill, and grinding and mixing to obtain the glass raw powder.
(2) Placing the glass raw powder obtained in the step (1) in a smelting furnace, performing gradient temperature rise, then adding boron nitride fibers in the gradient temperature rise process, uniformly mixing, and performing casting molding to obtain a glass raw plate;
the gradient temperature-raising procedure in the step (2) is as follows: heating the glass raw powder from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20 minutes, then continuously heating to 1300 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, finally heating to 1450 ℃, adding boron nitride fiber, and preserving heat for 40 minutes.
(3) Annealing the glass original plate obtained in the step (2) for a plurality of times to obtain toughened glass;
the annealing steps are as follows: the obtained glass original plate is heated to 850 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and annealing is carried out for 3 times.
(4) And (4) casting a layer of polymer film between the toughened glass in the step (3), and bonding the toughened glass through the polymer film by hot pressing to obtain the explosion-proof glass.
The results of mechanical testing of the samples of examples 1-5 of the present invention are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1
| Item | Impact strength MPa | Tensile strength MPa | Light transmittance% | Refractive index |
| Example 1 | 880 | 750 | 93 | 1.73 |
| Example 2 | 905 | 780 | 93 | 1.75 |
| Example 3 | 890 | 820 | 94 | 1.77 |
| Example 4 | 910 | 780 | 93 | 1.75 |
| Example 5 | 905 | 780 | 93 | 1.76 |
As can be seen from the data in the table, the explosion-proof glass obtained by the invention has good mechanical properties and good optical properties.
Claims (10)
1. The explosion-proof glass is characterized by comprising multiple layers of toughened glass and a high polymer film sandwiched between the toughened glass, wherein:
the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of boron nitride fiber, 5-20 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of boron oxide, 5-15 parts of potassium carbonate, 3-8 parts of mirabilite, 0.5-5 parts of cesium nitrate, 0.5-3 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-5 parts of fluxing agent and 0.5-1 part of reducing agent.
2. The explosion-proof glass according to claim 1, wherein the toughened glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: the weight ratio of the quartz sand to the boron nitride fiber to the bentonite to the boron oxide is 100:15-20:10-15: 6-8.
3. The explosion-proof glass according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of potassium carbonate, mirabilite, cesium nitrate and zinc oxide in the tempered glass is 5-10:3-8:1-3: 1.
4. An explosion-proof glass as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the fluxing agent is a mixture of potassium fluoroborate, fluorite and alumina in a weight ratio of 0.5:2: 2.
5. The explosion-proof glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reducing agent is one of pulverized coal, carbon powder and metal antimony powder.
6. An explosion-proof glass as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the boron nitride fiber has a diameter of 80 to 120 nm and a length of 10 to 100 μm.
7. The explosion-proof glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymer film is borosilicate-modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: according to the weight portion, 18-25 portions of polyvinyl alcohol and 3-6 portions of boric acid are dissolved in 250 portions of water with the temperature of 95 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 65-70 ℃ after the polyvinyl alcohol and the boric acid are completely dissolved, then 12-18 portions of n-butyl aldehyde are added and evenly stirred, 5 portions of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 35% are dripped into the mixture to react for 1-3 hours, then 5-8 portions of methyl triacetoxysilane are dripped into the mixture to continue to react for 0.5-1.5 hours, when the gelation time of the product reaches 20-30min/100 ℃, the reaction is stopped to obtain the borosilicate modified polyvinyl butyral resin, and the thickness of the polymer film is 150-.
8. The process for preparing an explosion-proof glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula, putting the raw materials except the boron nitride fiber in a ball mill, and grinding and mixing to obtain glass raw powder;
(2) placing the glass raw powder obtained in the step (1) in a smelting furnace, performing gradient temperature rise, then adding boron nitride fibers in the gradient temperature rise process, uniformly mixing, and performing casting molding to obtain a glass raw plate;
(3) annealing the glass original plate obtained in the step (2) for a plurality of times to obtain toughened glass;
(4) and (4) casting a layer of polymer film between the toughened glass in the step (3), and mutually bonding the toughened glass through the polymer film by hot pressing to obtain the explosion-proof glass.
9. The process for preparing an explosion-proof glass according to claim 8, wherein the gradient temperature raising procedure in the step (2) is as follows: heating the glass raw powder from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 20 minutes, then continuously heating to 1200-1350 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, finally heating to 1450 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-45 minutes after adding the boron nitride fiber.
10. The method for preparing explosion-proof glass according to claim 8, wherein the annealing step is as follows: the obtained glass original plate is heated to 850 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and annealing is carried out for 3 times.
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| CN112125512B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2023-08-18 | 深圳市汇坤科技有限公司 | Explosion-proof screen and application thereof in terminal for children |
| CN113526875A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-22 | 安徽杜氏高科玻璃有限公司 | Anti-burst treatment method for glass cup production |
| CN113585925A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-02 | 安徽鸿玻玻璃科技有限公司 | Production process of heat-insulation explosion-proof hollow glass |
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| CN101423332A (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2009-05-06 | 韦鸿雁 | Technique for adding fiberglass or other fibre to glass |
| US20140106141A1 (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-04-17 | Corning Incorporated | Laminate articles with moderate adhesion and retained strength |
| CN104230165A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | 肖特玻璃科技(苏州)有限公司 | Tempered boroaluminosilicate glass free of color change |
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