CN108736506B - High-voltage direct-current transmission system - Google Patents
High-voltage direct-current transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108736506B CN108736506B CN201810875745.0A CN201810875745A CN108736506B CN 108736506 B CN108736506 B CN 108736506B CN 201810875745 A CN201810875745 A CN 201810875745A CN 108736506 B CN108736506 B CN 108736506B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage direct-current transmission system, which comprises: a sending end rectifying converter station, two receiving end inverting converter stations and two direct current circuits with bipolar circuit structures; the sending end rectifying converter station and the two receiving end inverting converter stations adopt symmetrical bipolar structures; the two receiving end inversion converter stations are in one-to-one correspondence with the two direct current lines and are connected in parallel with the wire outlet end of the transmitting end rectification converter station through the two direct current lines; the transmitting end rectifying converter station comprises a transmitting end converter transformer and an LCC converter, and the receiving end inverting converter station comprises a VSC converter and a receiving end converter transformer. The high-voltage direct current transmission system combines the advantages of LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC, and can realize economical and reliable transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage power transmission, in particular to a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
Background
With the development of social economy, the demand for electric power is becoming larger, and how to achieve more economical and reliable power transmission is becoming more and more interesting.
The current direct current engineering put into operation at home and abroad is generally a traditional direct current transmission system (LCC-HVDC) based on a power grid commutation technology, and has the advantages of large transmission capacity, low manufacturing cost and the like, but the LCC-HVDC has the defects that an inversion station is easy to commutate and fails, a weak alternating current system cannot be supplied with power, a large amount of reactive power is consumed in operation and the like.
In addition, some flexible direct current transmission systems (VSC-HVDC) based on voltage source converters are increasingly favored by academia and industry due to the advantages of being capable of independently and rapidly controlling active power and reactive power, not having commutation failure problem, being capable of supplying power to a passive island and the like, however, the VSC-HVDC has the defects of higher cost, relatively higher loss and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a high voltage direct current power transmission system which combines the advantages of LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC and which enables an economical and reliable power transmission.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hvdc transmission system including: a sending end rectifying converter station, two receiving end inverting converter stations and two direct current circuits with bipolar circuit structures;
the sending end rectifying converter station and the two receiving end inverting converter stations adopt symmetrical bipolar structures; the two receiving end inversion converter stations are in one-to-one correspondence with the two direct current lines and are connected in parallel with the wire outlet end of the transmitting end rectification converter station through the two direct current lines;
the transmitting end rectifying converter station comprises at least two transmitting end converting transformers for carrying out transformation treatment on high-voltage alternating current and N LCC converters for converting the transformed alternating current into direct current; n is more than or equal to 2 and is a multiple of 2;
the receiving-end inversion converter station comprises two VSC converters for converting direct current into alternating current and a plurality of receiving-end converter transformers for performing transformation treatment on the converted alternating current;
the positive and negative poles of each LCC converter are connected with corresponding transmitting-end converter transformers, the N LCC converters are sequentially connected, the middle two LCC converters in the N LCC converters are grounded through a grounding line of a transmitting-end rectifying converter station, and the N LCC converters are correspondingly connected with the two VSC converters of the two receiving-end inverting converter stations through corresponding direct-current lines; the two VSC converters of each receiving-end inverter converter station are connected with each other and are grounded through the grounding line of the receiving-end inverter converter station, and the two VSC converters are connected with the corresponding receiving-end converter transformer.
As an improvement of the scheme, if the N is 4, the VSC converter is formed by connecting two modularized multi-level converters in series;
and if N is 2, the VSC converter is composed of a modularized multi-level converter.
As an improvement of the scheme, the LCC converter is a twelve-pulse bridge converter formed by semi-controlled power semiconductors, and each twelve-pulse bridge converter is formed by connecting two six-pulse bridge converters in series;
the VSC converter adopts a full-bridge submodule topology or a modularized multi-level converter which is formed by mixing the full-bridge submodule topology and the half-bridge submodule topology.
As an improvement of the scheme, the semi-controlled power semiconductor is a thyristor;
the full-bridge submodule topology is composed of a full-control power semiconductor capable of being turned off and a direct-current capacitor and is a topology structure capable of outputting positive level, negative level and zero level, and the half-bridge submodule topology is composed of a full-control power semiconductor capable of being turned off and a direct-current capacitor and is a topology structure capable of outputting positive level and zero level.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the fully-controlled power semiconductor capable of being turned off is one of an insulated gate bipolar transistor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, a turn-off thyristor, a power field effect transistor, an electron injection enhancement gate transistor, a gate commutated thyristor and a silicon carbide enhancement junction field effect transistor.
As an improvement of the scheme, the wire outlet ends of each of the two receiving-end inverter stations are connected with the direct current wires of the corresponding direct current circuits through a direct current high-speed switch.
As an improvement of the above scheme, a metal loop change-over switch and a ground loop change-over switch are respectively disposed between the ground lines of the two receiving-end inverter stations and the polar lines, so as to change over the direct current from the monopole ground loop to the monopole metal loop or from the monopole metal loop to the monopole ground loop.
As an improvement of the scheme, a direct current reactor and a neutral bus switch are arranged in the neutral buses of the two receiving-end inversion convertor stations, and a smoothing reactor and a neutral bus switch are respectively arranged in the neutral buses of the sending-end rectification convertor stations.
As an improvement of the scheme, each polar line of the transmitting-end rectifying converter station is connected with a smoothing reactor in series, and each polar line of the two receiving-end inverting converter stations is connected with a direct current reactor in series.
As an improvement of the scheme, the polar lines of the transmitting-end rectifying converter station are provided with a direct current filter;
the transmitting end rectifying converter station is also provided with an alternating current filter.
The high-voltage direct-current power transmission system provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a receiving-end inversion converter station is connected in parallel on the basis of the direct-current power transmission systems at two ends, so that one transmitting end transmits power to two receiving ends, and the system can simultaneously transmit a large amount of power at the transmitting end to a plurality of load centers, thereby saving a line corridor and reducing construction cost; in addition, since the transmitting-end rectifying converter station of the system comprises the transmitting-end converter transformer and the LCC converter, and the receiving-end inverting converter station comprises the VSC converter and the receiving-end converter transformer, the system combines the advantages of the LCC-HVDC power transmission system and the VSC-HVDC power transmission system, and economical and reliable power transmission can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a hvdc transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first hvdc transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second hvdc transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third hvdc transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth hvdc transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth hvdc transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a modular multilevel converter;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a full-bridge sub-module;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a half-bridge sub-module.
The drawings are marked with the following description: 1. a transmitting end rectifying converter station; 10. a feed-end converter transformer; lcc converters; 12. a DC filter; 13. an alternating current filter; 2. a receiving-end inversion converter station; vsc converter; 200. a modular multilevel converter; 21. a receiving end converter transformer; 22. a direct current high-speed switch; 23. a metal loop transfer switch; 24. a ground loop change-over switch; 3. a direct current line; 4. a smoothing reactor; 5. a neutral bus switch; 6. a DC reactor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hvdc transmission system including: a sending end rectifying converter station 1, two receiving end inverting converter stations 2 and two direct current circuits 3 with bipolar circuit structures; the sending end rectifying converter station 1 and the two receiving end inverting converter stations 2 are both in a symmetrical bipolar structure; the two receiving end inversion converter stations 2 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two direct current lines 3 and are connected in parallel with the outgoing line end of the sending end rectification converter station 1 through the two direct current lines 3; the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1 comprises at least two transmitting-end converting transformers 10 for carrying out transformation treatment on high-voltage alternating current and N LCC converters 11 for converting the transformed alternating current into direct current; n is more than or equal to 2 and is a multiple of 2; the receiving-end inverter converter station 2 comprises two VSC converters 20 for converting direct current into alternating current and a plurality of receiving-end converter transformers 21 for transforming the converted alternating current; the positive and negative poles of each of the LCC converters 11 are connected with corresponding transmitting-end converter transformers 10, the N LCC converters 11 are sequentially connected, the middle two LCC converters 11 in the N LCC converters 11 are grounded through a grounding line of the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1, and the N LCC converters 11 are correspondingly connected with the two VSC converters 20 of the two receiving-end inverting converter stations 2 through corresponding direct current lines 3; the two VSC converters 20 of each receiving-end converter station 2 are connected to each other and to each other via a ground line of the receiving-end converter station 2, and the two VSC converters 20 are connected to corresponding receiving-end converter transformers 21.
In this embodiment, the high-voltage direct current power transmission system is based on the direct current power transmission systems at two ends, and then one receiving-end inversion converter station 2 is connected in parallel, so that one transmitting end transmits power to two receiving ends, and the system can simultaneously transmit a large amount of power at the transmitting end to a plurality of load centers, thereby saving line corridor and reducing construction cost; in addition, since the transmitting-side rectifying converter station 1 of the system includes the transmitting-side converter transformer 10 and the LCC converter 11, and the receiving-side inverting converter station 2 includes the VSC converter 20 and the receiving-side converter transformer 21, the system combines the advantages of the LCC-HVDC power transmission system and the VSC-HVDC power transmission system, and thus economical and reliable power transmission can be achieved.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 4, where N is 4, the VSC converter 20 is formed by connecting two modular multilevel converters 200 in series; referring to fig. 5-6, where N is 2, the VSC converter 20 is formed by a modular multilevel converter 200.
In the above embodiment, the LCC converter 11 is a twelve-pulse bridge converter composed of half-controlled power semiconductors, and each of the twelve-pulse bridge converters is composed of two six-pulse bridge converters connected in series; referring to fig. 7 to 9, the VSC converter 20 employs a full-bridge sub-module topology or a modular multilevel converter 200 employing a hybrid of a full-bridge sub-module topology and a half-bridge sub-module topology.
In the above embodiment, the semi-controlled power semiconductor is a thyristor; referring to fig. 8, the full-bridge submodule topology is composed of a full-control power semiconductor capable of being turned off and a direct-current capacitor, and is a topology structure capable of outputting a positive level, a negative level and a zero level; referring to fig. 9, the half-bridge submodule topology is composed of a fully-controlled power semiconductor capable of being turned off and a direct-current capacitor, and is a topology structure capable of outputting a positive level and a zero level.
In the above embodiment, the fully controllable power semiconductor capable of being turned off is one of an insulated gate bipolar transistor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, a turn-off thyristor, a power field effect transistor, an electron injection enhancement gate transistor, a gate commutated thyristor, and a silicon carbide enhancement junction field effect transistor.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 6, the outgoing line end of each of the two lines of the two receiving-end inverter stations 2 is connected to the dc line of the corresponding dc line 3 through a dc high-speed switch 22. The direct-current high-speed switch 22 is arranged on the outgoing line of each direct-current polar line of the two receiving-end inversion converter stations 2, so that the third station can be switched on and off on line and the fault isolation of the direct-current line 3 can be realized, the operation of the other two converter stations is not influenced, and the reliability and the availability of the whole direct-current power transmission system are improved.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 6, a metal loop switch 23 and a ground loop switch 24 are respectively disposed between the ground lines of the two receiving end inverter stations 2, so as to switch the direct current from the single-pole ground loop to the single-pole metal loop or from the single-pole metal loop to the single-pole ground loop, and under the cooperation of the ground loop switch 24 and the metal loop switch 23, the two operation modes of the metal loop and the single-pole ground loop can be mutually switched without stopping in the high-voltage direct current operation mode.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 6, a dc reactor 6 and a neutral bus switch 5 are respectively disposed in the neutral buses of the two receiving-end inverter converter stations 2, and the two receiving-end inverter converter stations 2 are grounded through the dc reactor 6, the neutral bus switch 5 and the metal loop transfer switch 23 in sequence; the neutral bus of the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1 is respectively provided with a smoothing reactor 4 and a neutral bus switch 5, and the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1 is grounded through the smoothing reactor 4 and the neutral bus switch 5 in sequence. Wherein, the purpose of setting the neutral bus switch 5 is: when the single pole of any of the converter stations is scheduled to be shut down, the neutral bus switch 5 of that station is opened in the absence of current, isolating the pole arrangement from the other pole of the station. The purpose of providing smoothing reactor 4 and dc reactor 6 is to: the method is used for limiting current impact caused by sudden change of power grid voltage and operation overvoltage, smoothing spike pulse contained in power supply voltage or smoothing voltage defect generated when a bridge rectifier circuit commutates, effectively protecting a frequency converter and improving power factor, and can prevent interference from a power grid and reduce pollution of harmonic current generated by a rectifier unit to the power grid.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 6, a smoothing reactor 4 is connected in series to each pole line of the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1, and a direct current reactor 6 is connected in series to each pole line of the two receiving-end inverting converter stations 2.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 6, the polar lines of the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1 are provided with a dc filter 12, and the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1 is further connected with an ac filter 13, so that the current of the transmitting-end rectifying converter station 1 can be effectively filtered.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 6, the LCC converter 11 at the transmitting end and the VSC converter 20 at the receiving end according to the capacity requirement can be connected with the corresponding ac system by using a three-winding or two-winding converter transformer (i.e. the transmitting-end converter transformer 10)/soft-direct-current transformer (i.e. the receiving-end converter transformer 21).
In summary, the high-voltage direct-current transmission system provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for a system with high-voltage high-power transmission and multiple landing points at a receiving end, has the advantages of mature technology, low construction cost, line corridor saving and the like of high-voltage high-capacity LCC-HVDC, has the advantages of no commutation failure problem of VSC-HVDC and the like, can realize on-line switching of a third station and fault isolation of a direct-current line 3, does not influence the operation of other two converter stations, and improves the reliability and the availability of the whole hybrid three-terminal direct-current system.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A high voltage direct current transmission system, comprising: a sending end rectifying converter station, two receiving end inverting converter stations and two direct current circuits with bipolar circuit structures;
the sending end rectifying converter station and the two receiving end inverting converter stations adopt symmetrical bipolar structures; the two receiving end inversion converter stations are in one-to-one correspondence with the two direct current lines and are connected in parallel with the wire outlet end of the transmitting end rectification converter station through the two direct current lines;
the transmitting end rectifying converter station comprises at least two transmitting end converting transformers for carrying out transformation treatment on high-voltage alternating current and N LCC converters for converting the transformed alternating current into direct current; n is more than or equal to 2 and is a multiple of 2;
the receiving-end inversion converter station comprises two VSC converters for converting direct current into alternating current and a plurality of receiving-end converter transformers for performing transformation treatment on the converted alternating current;
the positive and negative poles of each LCC converter are connected with corresponding transmitting-end converter transformers, the N LCC converters are sequentially connected, the middle two LCC converters in the N LCC converters are grounded through a grounding line of a transmitting-end rectifying converter station, and the N LCC converters are correspondingly connected with the two VSC converters of the two receiving-end inverting converter stations through corresponding direct-current lines; the two VSC converters of each receiving-end inversion converter station are connected with each other and are grounded through a grounding line of the receiving-end inversion converter station, and the two VSC converters are connected with corresponding receiving-end inversion transformers;
the LCC converters are twelve-pulse bridge converters formed by semi-controlled power semiconductors, and each twelve-pulse bridge converter is formed by connecting two six-pulse bridge converters in series;
the VSC converter adopts a full-bridge submodule topology or a modularized multi-level converter with a mixed full-bridge submodule topology and half-bridge submodule topology;
the semi-controlled power semiconductor is a thyristor;
the full-bridge submodule topology is composed of a full-control power semiconductor capable of being turned off and a direct-current capacitor and is a topology structure capable of outputting positive level, negative level and zero level, and the half-bridge submodule topology is composed of a full-control power semiconductor capable of being turned off and a direct-current capacitor and is a topology structure capable of outputting positive level and zero level;
the wire outlet ends of each wire of the two receiving end inversion convertor stations are connected with the direct current wire of the corresponding direct current line through a direct current high-speed switch.
2. The hvdc transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said VSC converter is constituted by two modular multilevel converters in series, with N being 4;
and if N is 2, the VSC converter is composed of a modularized multi-level converter.
3. The hvdc transmission system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said fully controllable power semiconductor capable of being turned off is one of an insulated gate bipolar transistor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, a turn-off thyristor, a power field effect transistor, an electron injection enhanced gate transistor, a gate commutated thyristor, and a silicon carbide enhanced junction field effect transistor.
4. A hvdc transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a metal loop transfer switch and a ground loop transfer switch are provided between the ground lines of the two receiving end inverter stations, respectively, for transferring dc current from the monopolar ground return line to the monopolar metal return line or from the monopolar metal return line to the monopolar ground return line.
5. The hvdc transmission system according to claim 4, wherein a dc reactor and a neutral bus switch are provided in neutral buses of the two receiving-end inverter stations, and a smoothing reactor and a neutral bus switch are provided in neutral buses of the transmitting-end rectifier stations, respectively.
6. A hvdc transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each pole line of said transmitting-side rectifying converter station is connected in series with a smoothing reactor, and each pole line of said two receiving-side inverting converter stations is connected in series with a dc reactor.
7. A hvdc transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pole lines of the feed-side commutating converter station are provided with a dc filter;
the transmitting end rectifying converter station is also provided with an alternating current filter.
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| CN201810875745.0A CN108736506B (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | High-voltage direct-current transmission system |
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| CN201810875745.0A CN108736506B (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | High-voltage direct-current transmission system |
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