CN108682945A - A kind of electromagnetic horn and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of electromagnetic horn and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108682945A
CN108682945A CN201810418730.1A CN201810418730A CN108682945A CN 108682945 A CN108682945 A CN 108682945A CN 201810418730 A CN201810418730 A CN 201810418730A CN 108682945 A CN108682945 A CN 108682945A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
dielectric layer
dielectric
cavity
feed
medium
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CN201810418730.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李秀萍
齐紫航
朱华
肖军
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Priority to CN201810418730.1A priority Critical patent/CN108682945A/en
Publication of CN108682945A publication Critical patent/CN108682945A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0283Apparatus or processes specially provided for manufacturing horns
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electromagnetic horns, including feed dielectric layer, host dielectric layer and the blanket dielectric layer being cascading, and the contact surface of adjacent media interlayer is equipped with metal foil;It is provided with feed structure on feed dielectric layer;Host dielectric layer includes:Dielectric portion with cavity, and the dielectric loading with notching construction, dielectric loading are arranged in the end of dielectric portion, and the inner wall of cavity is coated with metal foil.The preparation method of above-mentioned electromagnetic horn, including:Cutting process is carried out to dielectric portion, dielectric portion is made to form cavity;Metalized is carried out to the inner wall of cavity, inner wall is made to be coated with metal foil;Extension processing is carried out in the end of dielectric portion, forms the dielectric loading of host dielectric layer;Cutting process is carried out to dielectric loading, makes dielectric loading that there is notching construction;Before will there is feed dielectric layer, host dielectric layer and the blanket dielectric layer of feed structure to stack gradually from bottom to top, metalized is carried out in the contact surface of adjacent dielectric.

Description

Horn antenna and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication antennas, in particular to a horn antenna and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the emergence of high-performance smart phones, tablet computers and notebook computers, in addition, large data and cloud computing are rising, the demand of human beings for information is continuously expanding, ultra-clear videos, 3D movies and televisions, VR (virtual reality) and the like need a large amount of data transmission, limited spectrum resources become more and more crowded, a high-bandwidth communication technology is needed for realizing high-speed information transmission, and millimeter wave/terahertz has the characteristics of small relative bandwidth and easy realization of high bandwidth relative to lower-frequency microwave communication, and millimeter wave/terahertz communication is more and more emphasized by people, and communication systems are rapidly moving to millimeter wave/terahertz frequency bands. Compared with microwave communication, the optical fiber has the characteristics of high spatial resolution, high directivity, better substance sensitivity and the like, and has the advantages of small scattering, strong transmission, high safety, good spectral resolution and the like compared with infrared. Millimeter wave/terahertz communication is called as an inevitable trend of communication development, is another important communication frequency band following microwave and optical communication, and is known as a new generation wireless revolution. However, millimeter wave/terahertz systems face challenges of high research and development and manufacturing costs, large link attenuation, and the like. The performance of the antenna as a window for information transmission determines the quality of communication. In order to meet the above challenges, low-cost, high-gain, and high-bandwidth antennas are urgently needed in millimeter wave/terahertz communication systems.
For the design of the antenna, a material with a high dielectric constant can reduce the radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the dielectric loss of the millimeter wave/terahertz frequency band can be greatly increased along with the increase of the frequency. Therefore, when designing an antenna, people usually adopt a low dielectric constant and low loss material to improve the performance of the antenna, the low dielectric constant material can reduce the surface wave loss, and the low loss material can effectively improve the gain of the antenna. However, due to the limitation of material technology, the dielectric constant of the material cannot be infinitely small, and the dielectric loss cannot be zero. Low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss materials tend to be expensive, which results in increased antenna cost.
The horn antenna is a surface antenna, and a microwave antenna with a circular or rectangular section with a gradually-changed and opened waveguide tube terminal is the most widely used microwave antenna. The surface of the waveguide for transmitting the TE10 mode is an H surface at the wide side, and the surface of the narrow side is an E surface. The H-plane horn antenna is an antenna form formed by expanding the H-plane of a waveguide, and has a wider beam at the E-plane and a narrower beam at the H-plane. The H-plane horn antenna is an antenna form formed by expanding the plane of the waveguide H, and has a wider beam at the E-plane and a narrower beam at the H-plane. The H-plane horn antenna has the advantages of end-fire, high integration and the like, and is widely applied, however, compared with the traditional pyramid horn antenna, the H-plane horn antenna has the advantages of narrower bandwidth, lower gain and limitation on system performance. Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) is a new microwave transmission line form, which uses metal through hole to realize the field propagation mode of waveguide on the dielectric Substrate, and the structure of Substrate integrated waveguide is gradually widely adopted in the millimeter wave frequency band. In the related literature reports at present, an H-plane horn antenna is realized by using an SIW structure. Although having the advantage of low loss with respect to the microstrip line SIW, such loss is still large in the millimeter wave band, thus reducing the gain of the antenna. In addition, the H-plane horn antenna has a small size on the E plane, so that the radiation tail end of the antenna is seriously mismatched with the air, and the bandwidth performance is poor.
Therefore, a new horn antenna is needed, which has low dielectric loss and excellent gain and bandwidth performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a horn antenna with low dielectric loss, wide bandwidth and high gain and a method for manufacturing the same.
The horn antenna comprises a feed dielectric layer, a main dielectric layer and a covering dielectric layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein a metal foil is arranged on a contact surface between adjacent dielectric layers;
wherein, a feed structure is arranged on the feed dielectric layer;
the main body medium layer comprises: the medium part with a cavity and the medium load with a slotted structure are arranged at the end part of the medium part, and the inner wall of the cavity is plated with metal foil.
In one embodiment, the cavity is arranged in the middle of the medium part, and the medium load is arranged at the end part of the main medium layer.
In one embodiment, the cavity is flared.
In one embodiment, the dielectric load is provided at the wider end of the trumpet shaped cavity.
In one embodiment, the feed structure is located in the feed dielectric layer corresponding to the narrow end of the cavity.
In one embodiment, the slotted structure is an air slot having a rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, circular, polygonal, or arc shape.
In one embodiment, in the main body dielectric layer, the material of the dielectric part is at least one of a glass cloth substrate, teflon glass cloth, ceramic, ferroelectric material, ferrite material, ferromagnetic material and teflon; the medium-loaded material is at least one of a glass cloth substrate, polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth, ceramic and polytetrafluoroethylene.
In one embodiment, the feeding dielectric layer, the main body dielectric layer and the covering dielectric layer are respectively provided as at least one layer.
In one embodiment, the feeding dielectric layer is provided as one layer, the main body dielectric layer is provided as two layers, and the covering dielectric layers are respectively provided as one layer.
A preparation method of the horn antenna comprises the following steps:
cutting a medium part of the main medium layer to form a cavity;
carrying out metallization treatment on the inner wall of the cavity to enable the inner wall to be plated with metal foil;
performing extension treatment on the end part of the medium part to form a medium load of the main medium layer;
cutting the medium load to enable the medium load to have a slotted structure;
before the feed dielectric layer with the feed structure, the main dielectric layer and the covering dielectric layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, metallization treatment is carried out on the contact surface of the adjacent dielectric layers.
From the above, according to the horn antenna and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the cavity structure is arranged on the main medium layer, so that electromagnetic waves can be transmitted through an air medium, the medium loss is reduced, the medium load with the slotted structure is arranged on the main medium layer in a matched manner, the matching performance of the antenna is improved, and the working bandwidth and the gain of the antenna are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a horn antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a main dielectric layer of the horn antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows S-parameters for testing and simulation of a feedhorn according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simulation and test pattern for a feedhorn at 89GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulation and test pattern for a feedhorn at 93GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a simulation and test pattern for a feedhorn at 96GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a simulation and test pattern for a feedhorn at 99GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein,
a feed dielectric layer 100;
a feeding structure 110;
a bulk dielectric layer 200;
a cavity 210;
an inner wall 211;
a media load 220;
a slotted structure 221;
covering the dielectric layer 300;
positioning holes 400;
flange configuration 500.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a horn antenna, which comprises a feed dielectric layer, a main dielectric layer and a covering dielectric layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein metal foils are arranged on contact surfaces between adjacent dielectric layers;
wherein, a feed structure is arranged on the feed dielectric layer;
the main body medium layer comprises: the dielectric layer with cavity to and the dielectric load with fluting structure, the dielectric load sets up in the tip of medium portion, the inner wall of cavity plates with the metal foil.
According to the horn antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cavity structure is arranged on the main medium layer, so that electromagnetic waves can be transmitted through an air medium, the medium loss is reduced, the medium load with the slotted structure is arranged on the main medium layer in a matched manner, the matching performance of the antenna is improved, and the working bandwidth and the gain of the antenna are improved.
The horn antenna is an H-plane horn antenna designed based on a PCB (printed circuit board) or LTCC (low temperature co-fired ceramic) process, and is mainly used for millimeter wave/terahertz communication. When the antenna is used, external electromagnetic waves enter the antenna through the feed structure, are transmitted into the cavity from the feed structure, and are transmitted to the slotted structure of the dielectric load from the cavity.
Referring to fig. 1, an H-plane horn antenna operating in a W-band is described, the horn antenna includes a feeding dielectric layer 100, a main dielectric layer 200, and a covering dielectric layer 300 stacked from bottom to top. A first metal foil is plated on one surface of the feed dielectric layer 100, which is in contact with the main dielectric layer 200, and a second metal foil is plated on one surface of the main dielectric layer 200, which is in contact with the cover dielectric layer 300.
The materials of the first metal foil and the second metal foil can be the same or different. The specific material may be copper foil, aluminum foil, tin foil, and the like, and is preferably copper foil to improve the temperature application range, conductivity, electromagnetic shielding effect, and the like of the horn antenna.
The number of layers of the feed dielectric layer 100 can be adjusted according to actual requirements and is set to be one layer, two layers or multiple layers; the number of layers of the main medium layer 200 can be adjusted according to actual requirements and is set to be one layer, two layers or multiple layers; the number of layers of the covering medium layer 300 may be adjusted according to actual requirements, and is set as one layer, two layers or multiple layers.
Preferably, the feeding dielectric layer 100 is provided as one layer, the main dielectric layer 200 is provided as two layers, and the cover dielectric layer 300 is provided as one layer, so that the performance of the antenna can reach a better state.
The cavity 210 is preferably opened in the middle of the main medium layer 200 and has a horn shape. The specific size of the cavity 210 is determined by the designed frequency range. The inner wall 211 of the cavity 210 is plated with an inner wall of a metal foil, which may be a copper foil, an aluminum foil, a tin foil, or the like, and is preferably a copper foil.
The dielectric load 220 may dielectrically load the antenna ends. Preferably, the dielectric loading has a dielectric constant > 1. The media load 220 is disposed at an end of the body media. Preferably at the wider end of the horn-shaped cavity 210 to better improve the transmission efficiency of the electromagnetic wave from the cavity 210 into the slotted structure 221.
Referring to fig. 2, the slot structure 221 is preferably an air slot to better improve the matching between the antenna end and the air. The position, shape and size of the slotted structure 221 are not unique and are designed according to the operating frequency band. The shape of the slotted structure 221 may be rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, circular, polygonal, or arc, etc.
The feed structure 110 is arranged in the feed medium layer 100, and a standard wave WR10 waveguide structure is adopted to convert a standard waveguide into an antenna. The position of the feeding structure 110 on the feeding dielectric layer 100 corresponds to the position of the dielectric portion on the main dielectric layer 200, and the specific position can be determined according to the designed frequency range. For example, in a W-band application, it may be disposed at an end of the cavity 210 corresponding to the horn away from the dielectric load 220, i.e., corresponding to a narrow end of the horn.
The feed dielectric layer 100, the main dielectric layer 200 and the cover dielectric layer 300 are all provided with positioning holes 400, and the positioning holes 400 of the dielectric layers are identical in opening position, shape and size and are used for fixing the dielectric layers to form a horn antenna.
The feed dielectric layer 100, the main dielectric layer 200 and the cover dielectric layer 300 are all provided with flange plate structures 500, and the flange plate structures 500 of the dielectric layers are identical in opening position, shape and size and are used for fixing the dielectric layers to form a horn antenna.
The material of the feeding dielectric layer 100, the dielectric part of the main dielectric layer 200, and the cover dielectric layer 300 may be any one of or a combination of multiple kinds of other substrate materials such as FR4 (glass cloth substrate), F4B (polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth), ceramic, ferroelectric material, ferrite material, ferromagnetic material, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
The material of the dielectric load 220 may be any one of FR4 (glass cloth substrate), F4B (polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth), ceramic, polytetrafluoroethylene and other dielectric materials, or a combination of a plurality of the above materials.
Please refer to fig. 3, which is a diagram of testing and simulation parameters of an H-plane horn antenna. The H-plane horn antenna comprises a feed dielectric layer 100, two main dielectric layers 200 and a covering dielectric layer 300 from bottom to top, wherein the thicknesses of the two main dielectric layers are 0.254mm, 0.508mm and 0.254mm respectively, the materials are Rogers RO4350B, the relative dielectric constant is 3.5, and the loss tangent value at 10GHz is 0.0037. It can be seen from the figure that the test result of the H-plane horn antenna is well matched with the simulation result, and can cover the whole W-band frequency band. Referring to fig. 4-7, the test and simulated patterns of four frequency points within the antenna bandwidth are shown. It can be seen that the overall bandwidth pattern is superior.
Referring to fig. 8, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing the horn antenna, including the following steps:
step S100, providing a main body dielectric layer (200), wherein the main body dielectric layer (200) is provided with a dielectric part, a feed dielectric layer (100) with a feed structure (110) and a covering dielectric layer (300);
step S200, cutting a medium part of a main medium layer (200) to enable the medium part to form a cavity (210);
step S300, performing first treatment on the inner wall (211) of the cavity (210) to enable the inner wall (211) to be plated with metal foil;
in the step, performing a first treatment on an inner wall (211) of the dielectric part for forming the cavity (210), specifically performing a metallization treatment on the inner wall (211) of the cavity (210), so as to plate the inner wall (211) of the cavity (210) with a metal foil;
s400, performing second treatment on the end part of the medium part to enable the main medium layer (200) to form a medium load (220);
in this step, the end of the medium part is subjected to a second treatment, specifically, the end of the medium part is subjected to an extension treatment;
s500, cutting the medium load (220) to enable the medium load (220) to have a groove structure (221);
s600, the feed dielectric layer (100) and the covering dielectric layer (300) are respectively covered on the upper surface and the lower surface of the main dielectric layer (200) obtained in the step S500, and before covering, metallization processing is carried out on the contact surfaces of the adjacent dielectric layers, so that after covering is finished, the contact surfaces of the adjacent dielectric layers are all plated with metal foils.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The embodiments of the invention are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The horn antenna is characterized by comprising a feed dielectric layer (100), a main body dielectric layer (200) and a covering dielectric layer (300) which are sequentially stacked, wherein a metal foil is arranged on a contact surface between adjacent dielectric layers;
wherein a feed structure (110) is arranged on the feed dielectric layer (100);
the bulk dielectric layer (200) includes: the medium part with the cavity (210) and the medium load (220) with the slotted structure (221), wherein the medium load (220) is arranged at the end part of the medium part, and the inner wall (211) of the cavity (210) is plated with metal foil.
2. The horn antenna of claim 1, wherein said cavity (210) opens in the middle of said dielectric portion and said dielectric load (220) is disposed at the end of said main dielectric layer (200).
3. A feedhorn according to claim 1, wherein the cavity (210) is horn-shaped.
4. A feedhorn according to claim 3, wherein the dielectric load (220) is provided at the wider end of the horn-like cavity.
5. A feedhorn according to claim 3, wherein the feed structure (110) is located in the feed dielectric layer (100) at a position corresponding to the position of the narrow end of the cavity (210).
6. A feedhorn according to claim 1, wherein the slot structures (221) are air slots having a rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, circular, polygonal or arcuate shape.
7. The horn antenna of claim 1, wherein in the main body dielectric layer (200), the material of the dielectric portion is at least one of a glass cloth substrate, teflon glass cloth, ceramic, ferroelectric material, ferrite material, ferromagnetic material and teflon; the medium load (220) is made of at least one of a glass cloth substrate, polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth, ceramic and polytetrafluoroethylene.
8. The horn antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed dielectric layer (100), the main body dielectric layer (200), and the cover dielectric layer (300) are provided as at least one layer, respectively.
9. The horn antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed dielectric layer (100) is provided as one layer, the main body dielectric layer (200) is provided as two layers, and the cover dielectric layer (300) is provided as one layer, respectively.
10. A method of manufacturing a feedhorn according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
cutting a medium part of a main medium layer (200) to form a cavity (210) on the medium part;
carrying out metallization treatment on the inner wall (211) of the cavity (210) to enable the inner wall (211) to be plated with metal foil;
performing extension treatment on the end part of the medium part to form a medium load (220) of the main medium layer (200);
subjecting the media load (220) to a cutting process such that the media load (220) has a grooved structure (221);
before the feed dielectric layer (100) with the feed structure, the main body dielectric layer (200) and the covering dielectric layer (300) are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, metallization treatment is carried out on the contact surface of the adjacent dielectric layers.
CN201810418730.1A 2018-05-04 2018-05-04 A kind of electromagnetic horn and preparation method thereof Pending CN108682945A (en)

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CN112787102A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-11 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 Planar luneberg lens antenna using semi-open SIW horn antenna as feed source
CN113078472A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-06 上海航天测控通信研究所 Preparation method of terahertz feed source loudspeaker corrugated lamination

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CN112787102A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-11 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 Planar luneberg lens antenna using semi-open SIW horn antenna as feed source
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CN113078472A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-06 上海航天测控通信研究所 Preparation method of terahertz feed source loudspeaker corrugated lamination

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Application publication date: 20181019