CN108651389A - A method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm - Google Patents
A method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651389A CN108651389A CN201810279768.5A CN201810279768A CN108651389A CN 108651389 A CN108651389 A CN 108651389A CN 201810279768 A CN201810279768 A CN 201810279768A CN 108651389 A CN108651389 A CN 108651389A
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, belong to animal-breeding field.The method with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm includes the following steps:1) preparation of matrix is cultivated;2) earthworm bedding is paved;3) earthworm is inoculated with;4) daily management;5) earthworm harvests.The cultural method processing step of the present invention is simple, abundant raw material, cheap and easy to get, and management is convenient, and the earthworm individual of output is big, bright in colour, nutritive value is high, has preferable economic value.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to animal-breeding fields, and in particular to a method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm.
【Background technology】
Waste mushroom packet is the waste that Edible Fungi generates, mainly by edible fungus cluster slag, maize pulp, cotton seed hulls, wheat skin etc.
Organic plant slag forms.As directly abandoned, then environment is endangered, and as can be used, or economic interests can be generated.
Earthworm is a kind of common terrestrial annelid, and life in the soil, is hidden by day and come out at night, with feces of livestock and poultry and organic waste
Object rubbish is food, is swallowed together together with soil, also the fragments such as cauline leaf of feeding plant.Earthworm can make loosing soil, improvement soil,
It builds up fertility, promotes agricultural volume increase.For the earthworm in the world there are about more than 2500 kinds, China has recorded 229 kinds, and distribution is wide, type is more, I
State-owned more than 2000 kinds.Earthworm has clearing and activating the channels and collaterals, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, prophylactic treatment cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease effect, can also be used as various
Poultry, domestic animal, Fishery product, Shui nationality pet food, animality living food bait, feed add agent phagostimulant.Dried earthworms can be made
For various fish, aquatic products top grade open-mouthed bait;Fresh earthworm is high protein living bait;It is high benefit medicinal bait to freeze earthworm.Respectively
Kind livestock and poultry animals, which eat earthworm, can improve meat, eggs and milk quality, reduce dosage, reduce medicament residue, reduce the death rate.Fry,
The normal feeding earthworm such as aquatic farm, can make robust seedling, body strong, bright-colored.Earthworm is also used as Chinese medicine, has diuresis, town
Bitterly, the effects that relievining asthma, be depressured, is antipyretic, is anticonvulsion.Contain earthworm element, lumbrofebrin, vitamin B complex complex in earthworm body
Equal ingredients, can extract the biologics such as protease, Lumbrokinase, earthworm fibrinolysin.
The mode of existing earthworm breeding scale fails intensive, batch production or family oriented in the market, leads to earthworm survival rate
And growth rate is all impacted, while some mountain areas, it has a large population in a small area, hard soil is not suitable for the cultivation of earthworm, these areas
Vermiculture industry must be restricted.
【Invention content】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is:In view of the above problems, a kind of side with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm is provided
Method, the method re-use waste, protect environment, the earthworm yield of acquisition is high, quality, nonhazardous,
Management is convenient.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, include the following steps:
1) preparation of matrix is cultivated:Waste mushroom packet, cow dung, stalk are mixed in proportion with EM bacterium solutions, carry out fermentation maturity, it is rotten
Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is added after ripe, mixing obtains earthworm cultivation substratum;
2) earthworm bedding is paved:It is 30 that made earthworm cultivation substratum, which is laid in aquaculture pond or box for breeding, being laid with height,
~50cm, and water is added to adjust humidity, keep water content 60~70%;
3) earthworm is inoculated with:It chooses that kind is good, earthworm of bouncing, is inoculated on bedding with the amount of every cube of 2~3kg;
4) daily management:At 15~32 DEG C, humidity can preferably give birth to control indoor temperature at this time in 70%-75% on ordinary days
Long development and breeding;The overall process of vermiculture is both needed to sufficient fresh air, and cultivation stirs 1 bedding and padding in 10-15 days, by it is upper,
Lower layer's bedding and padding stir, reversing of position;
5) earthworm harvests:Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, earthworm is driven to get into culturing bed lower layer, is collected under culturing bed
The earthworm of layer, is placed on the big basket in 3~5 millimeters of aperture, and basket transfers collection vessel, and under light illumination, earthworm pierces the lower appearance of sieve automatically
Device obtains earthworm.
Further, the preparation method of step 1) cultivation matrix is:By 60~80 parts by weight waste mushroom packets, 30~50 parts by weight
Cow dung, 20~30 parts by weight stalks mix in proportion with 1~3 parts by weight EM bacterium solutions, carry out fermentation maturity, are added after decomposed
0.5~1 parts by weight Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract, mixing obtain earthworm cultivation substratum.
Further, at 50~60 DEG C, fermentation time is 10~15 days for the fermentation temperature control.
Further, in step 1), the stalk is in maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, soybean stalk
It is one or more of.
Further, in step 1), the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is made in accordance with the following methods:It takes leaf of negundo chastetree to crush, is added
Volume fraction is 30~50% ethyl alcohol, 70~80 DEG C of extractions, filtering, filtrate recycling ethanol, relative density when being then concentrated into 60 DEG C
1.10~1.12, obtain Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract.
Preferably, the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is made in accordance with the following methods:Leaf of negundo chastetree is taken to crush, volume fraction, which is added, is
35% 70~80 DEG C of ethyl alcohol extracts 2 hours, and filtering, filtrate recycling ethanol, relative density 1.11, obtains when being then concentrated into 60 DEG C
Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) unique earthworm cultivation substratum is used, not only waste is re-used, protects environment, and institute
Containing rich in nutrition content, there is preferable permeability, undesirable microorganism, pathogen, the miscellaneous bacteria source of infection and hazard residue substance
Equal size is less, improves earthworm growing environment, reduces morbidity and mortality, improves the speed of growth and yield.In addition
Solve the problems, such as that some areas are difficult to breeding earthworm so that vermiculture regulation and standardization promotes vermiculture industry
Development.
(2) rational daily management mode promotes the growth of earthworm, and the wormcast during which removed can be used for poultry and water
It produces the feeding of animal or the fertilizer for plant applies, there is preferable by-product to be worth.
(3) to sum up, this cultural method processing step is simple, abundant raw material, cheap and easy to get, and management is convenient, overcomes discomfort
The environmental restrictions for closing breeding earthworm area promote the development of vermiculture industry, and the earthworm individual of output is big, lovely luster,
Nutritive value is high, has preferable economic value.
【Specific implementation mode】
Embodiment 1
A method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, include the following steps:
1) preparation of matrix is cultivated:By 70 parts by weight waste mushroom packets, 40 parts by weight cow dungs, 25 parts by weight Corn stalks and 2 weights
Amount part EM bacterium solutions mix in proportion, carry out fermentation maturity, at 50~60 DEG C, fermentation time is 12 days, decomposed for fermentation temperature control
After be added 0.8 parts by weight Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract, mixing obtains earthworm cultivation substratum;Wherein Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract according to
Lower section method is made:Leaf of negundo chastetree is taken to crush, it is that 70~80 DEG C of 35% ethyl alcohol extracts 2 hours that volume fraction, which is added, filtering, filtrate recycling
Ethyl alcohol, relative density 1.11 when being then concentrated into 60 DEG C, obtains Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract;
2) earthworm bedding is paved:It is 30 that made earthworm cultivation substratum, which is laid in aquaculture pond or box for breeding, being laid with height,
~50cm, and water is added to adjust humidity, keep water content 60~70%;
3) earthworm is inoculated with:It chooses that kind is good, earthworm of bouncing, is inoculated on bedding with the amount of every cube of 2kg;
4) daily management:At 15~32 DEG C, humidity can preferably give birth to control indoor temperature at this time in 70%-75% on ordinary days
Long development and breeding;The overall process of vermiculture is both needed to sufficient fresh air, and cultivation stirs 1 bedding and padding in 12 days, by upper and lower layer
Bedding and padding stir, reversing of position;
5) earthworm harvests:Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, earthworm is driven to get into culturing bed lower layer, is collected under culturing bed
The earthworm of layer, is placed on the big basket in 3~5 millimeters of aperture, and basket transfers collection vessel, and under light illumination, earthworm pierces the lower appearance of sieve automatically
Device obtains earthworm.
Embodiment 2
A method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, include the following steps:
1) preparation of matrix is cultivated:By 60 parts by weight waste mushroom packets, 30 parts by weight cow dungs, 20 parts by weight wheat stalks and 1 weight
Amount part EM bacterium solutions mix in proportion, carry out fermentation maturity, at 50~60 DEG C, fermentation time is 10 days, decomposed for fermentation temperature control
After be added 0.5 parts by weight Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract, mixing obtains earthworm cultivation substratum;Wherein Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract according to
Lower section method is made:Leaf of negundo chastetree is taken to crush, it is 30% ethyl alcohol, 70~80 DEG C of extractions that volume fraction, which is added, is filtered, filtrate recycling ethanol,
Relative density 1.10 when being then concentrated into 60 DEG C, obtains Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract;
2) earthworm bedding is paved:It is 30 that made earthworm cultivation substratum, which is laid in aquaculture pond or box for breeding, being laid with height,
~50cm, and water is added to adjust humidity, keep water content 60~70%;
3) earthworm is inoculated with:It chooses that kind is good, earthworm of bouncing, is inoculated on bedding with the amount of every cube of 2kg;
4) daily management:At 15~32 DEG C, humidity can preferably give birth to control indoor temperature at this time in 70%-75% on ordinary days
Long development and breeding;The overall process of vermiculture is both needed to sufficient fresh air, and cultivation stirs 1 bedding and padding in 10 days, by upper and lower layer
Bedding and padding stir, reversing of position;
5) earthworm harvests:Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, earthworm is driven to get into culturing bed lower layer, is collected under culturing bed
The earthworm of layer, is placed on the big basket in 3~5 millimeters of aperture, and basket transfers collection vessel, and under light illumination, earthworm pierces the lower appearance of sieve automatically
Device obtains earthworm.
Embodiment 3
A method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, include the following steps:
1) preparation of matrix is cultivated:By 80 parts by weight waste mushroom packets, 50 parts by weight cow dungs, 30 parts by weight rice straws and 3 weights
Amount part EM bacterium solutions mix in proportion, carry out fermentation maturity, at 50~60 DEG C, fermentation time is 15 days, decomposed for fermentation temperature control
After be added 1 parts by weight Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract, mixing obtains earthworm cultivation substratum;Wherein Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is according to following
Method is made:Leaf of negundo chastetree is taken to crush, it is 50% ethyl alcohol, 70~80 DEG C of extractions that volume fraction, which is added, is filtered, filtrate recycling ethanol, so
After relative density 1.12 when being concentrated into 60 DEG C, obtain Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract;
2) earthworm bedding is paved:It is 30 that made earthworm cultivation substratum, which is laid in aquaculture pond or box for breeding, being laid with height,
~50cm, and water is added to adjust humidity, keep water content 60~70%;
3) earthworm is inoculated with:It chooses that kind is good, earthworm of bouncing, is inoculated on bedding with the amount of every cube of 3kg;
4) daily management:At 15~32 DEG C, humidity can preferably give birth to control indoor temperature at this time in 70%-75% on ordinary days
Long development and breeding;The overall process of vermiculture is both needed to sufficient fresh air, and cultivation stirs 1 bedding and padding in 15 days, by upper and lower layer
Bedding and padding stir, reversing of position;
5) earthworm harvests:Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, earthworm is driven to get into culturing bed lower layer, is collected under culturing bed
The earthworm of layer, is placed on the big basket in 3~5 millimeters of aperture, and basket transfers collection vessel, and under light illumination, earthworm pierces the lower appearance of sieve automatically
Device obtains earthworm.
Comparative example:
On the basis of embodiment 1, in the preparation that step 1) is cultivated to matrix, Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is substituted with clear water,
It is remaining identical with embodiment 1.
Earthworm yield is tested
Big flat No. two young earthworms are selected, vermiculture base is divided into 4 vermiculture areas, the ring in 4 vermiculture areas
Border factor is identical, wherein 1 vermiculture area is cultivated using the earthworm culture method of comparative example, remaining 3 vermiculture areas
Earthworm culture method in embodiment 1-3 is respectively adopted to cultivate, compares earthworm upgrowth situation, specific test result is shown in Table 1.
1 earthworm output and quality test result of table
Wherein, rate of growth=(embodiment yield-comparative example yield)/comparative example yield, earthworm yield are 3 vermicultures
The average value in area;
By data in table 1 it is found that the present invention is using the earthworm of the cultivation matrix cultivation containing Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract, production
Period is obviously shortened, earthworm output increased 21%-25%, protein content also higher, significant effect.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, it is all the present invention suggested by technical spirit under completed same changes or modifications change, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1) preparation of matrix is cultivated:Waste mushroom packet, cow dung, stalk are mixed in proportion with EM bacterium solutions, carry out fermentation maturity, decomposed knot
Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is added after beam, mixing obtains earthworm cultivation substratum;
2) earthworm bedding is paved:Made earthworm cultivation substratum is laid in aquaculture pond or box for breeding, be laid with height for 30~
50cm, and water is added to adjust humidity, keep water content 60~70%;
3) earthworm is inoculated with:It chooses that kind is good, earthworm of bouncing, is inoculated on bedding with the amount of every cube of 2~3kg;
4) daily management:For control indoor temperature at 15~32 DEG C, humidity can preferably grow hair at this time in 70%-75% on ordinary days
It educates and breeds;The overall process of vermiculture is both needed to sufficient fresh air, and cultivation stirs 1 bedding and padding in 10-15 days, by upper and lower layer
Bedding and padding stir, reversing of position;
5) earthworm harvests:Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, earthworm is driven to get into culturing bed lower layer, collects culturing bed lower layer
Earthworm is placed on the big basket in 3~5 millimeters of aperture, and basket transfers collection vessel, and under light illumination, earthworm pierces the lower container of sieve automatically, obtains
Obtain earthworm.
2. the method according to claim 1 with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, it is characterised in that:Step 1) cultivates the system of matrix
Preparation Method is:By 60~80 parts by weight waste mushroom packets, 30~50 parts by weight cow dungs, 20~30 parts by weight stalks and 1~3 parts by weight EM
Bacterium solution mixes in proportion, carries out fermentation maturity, 0.5~1 parts by weight Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is added after decomposed, mixing obtains
Earthworm cultivation substratum.
3. the method according to claim 2 with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, it is characterised in that:The fermentation temperature control exists
50~60 DEG C, fermentation time is 10~15 days.
4. the method according to claim 1 with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, it is characterised in that:In step 1), the stalk
Selected from one or more of maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, soybean stalk.
5. the method according to claim 1 with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, it is characterised in that:In step 1), the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia
Leaf extract is made in accordance with the following methods:Leaf of negundo chastetree is taken to crush, it is 30~50% ethyl alcohol, 70~80 DEG C of extractions that volume fraction, which is added,
Filtering, filtrate recycling ethanol, relative density 1.10~1.12 when being then concentrated into 60 DEG C obtain Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract.
6. the method according to claim 5 with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm, it is characterised in that:The Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract is pressed
It is made according to following methods:Leaf of negundo chastetree is taken to crush, it is that 70~80 DEG C of 35% ethyl alcohol extracts 2 hours that volume fraction, which is added, filtering, filtrate
Ethyl alcohol is recycled, relative density 1.11 when being then concentrated into 60 DEG C obtains Vitex negundo var cannabifolia leaf extract.
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