CN108494041B - Balance correction device and power storage system - Google Patents

Balance correction device and power storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108494041B
CN108494041B CN201810287874.8A CN201810287874A CN108494041B CN 108494041 B CN108494041 B CN 108494041B CN 201810287874 A CN201810287874 A CN 201810287874A CN 108494041 B CN108494041 B CN 108494041B
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China
Prior art keywords
storage unit
switching element
control signal
power storage
voltage
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CN201810287874.8A
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CN108494041A (en
Inventor
中尾文昭
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Next-E Solutions Inc
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Next-E Solutions Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A balance correction device prevents an overvoltage from being applied to an electric storage unit. The balance correction device comprises: the balance correction device comprises an inductor, a first switching element, a second switching element, and a control unit for providing control signals for controlling on/off operations of the first switching element and the second switching element to the first switching element and the second switching element, wherein the control unit provides the control signals when the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit are smaller than a predetermined value, so that the first switching element and the second switching element alternately and repeatedly perform the on/off operations, and provides the control signals when at least one of the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or larger than the predetermined value, so that the balance correction device is stopped.

Description

Balance correction device and power storage system
The application relates to a division application of a balance correction device and an electric power storage system of an application patent application with the international application date of 2013, 2, 6and the national application number of 20138013251. X.
Technical Field
The present application relates to a balance correction device and an electric power storage system.
Background
When a plurality of electric storage units connected in series are used, if the voltage that would occur between the electric storage units is uneven, the capacity of the electric storage units cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in a reduction in the amount of available electric power. Therefore, a balance correction circuit including an inductor, a switching element, and a driving circuit for the switching element to equalize voltages between power storage cells has been proposed (see patent documents 1 to 3).
(prior art literature)
(patent literature)
Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2006-067748 (patent document 1)
(patent document 2) Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2008-017605
(patent document 3) Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2009-232660
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the application:
in the balance correction circuit, it is desirable to prevent the application of an overvoltage to the power storage unit even if the driving circuit control is abnormal. An object of one aspect of the present application is to provide a balance correction device and an electric power storage system that can solve the above-described problems. This object is achieved by a combination of features recited in the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments of the application are defined in the dependent claims.
The solution to the problem is as follows:
in a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a balance correction device for equalizing voltages of a first power storage unit and a second power storage unit connected in series, the balance correction device including: an inductor having one end electrically connected to a connection point between one end of the first power storage unit and one end of the second power storage unit; a first switching element electrically connected between the other end of the inductor and the other end of the first power storage unit; a second switching element electrically connected between the other end of the inductor and the other end of the second power storage unit; and a control unit configured to supply a control signal for controlling on/off operations of the first switching element and the second switching element to the first switching element and the second switching element; the control unit is configured to provide the control signal so that the first switching element and the second switching element alternately and repeatedly perform on/off operations when the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit are smaller than a predetermined value; and providing the control signal when at least one of the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, so that the balance correction device is stopped.
The balance correction apparatus may further include: an overvoltage detection unit configured to detect that at least one of a voltage of the first power storage unit and a voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value; the control unit may have: a control signal generating unit that generates the control signal so that the first switching element and the second switching element alternately perform on/off operations; and a stop signal generating unit configured to generate the control signal so as to stop the balance correction device when the overvoltage detecting unit detects that at least one of the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value.
In the balance correction device, the first switching element, the overvoltage detection unit, and the control signal generation unit may be formed on the same substrate. The distance between the first switching element and the control signal generating unit may be shorter than the distance between the first switching element and the overvoltage detecting unit. In the balance correction device, the control unit may provide the control signal so that both the first switching element and the second switching element perform an off operation when at least one of the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value.
The balance correction apparatus may further include: a current limiting element connected in series with the inductor, the current limiting element limiting the current flowing through the inductor when the magnitude of the current flowing through the inductor is less than or equal to a predetermined value; the control unit may provide the control signal so that the switching element operable by one of the first switching element and the second switching element performs an on operation when at least one of the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value.
In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an electric storage system including a first electric storage unit and a second electric storage unit connected in series; the balance correction device.
The above summary of the application does not set forth all possible features of the application, and sub-combinations of the feature sets may also constitute the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows an example of an apparatus 100 provided with a power storage system 110.
Fig. 2 schematically shows an example of the power storage system 210.
Fig. 3 schematically shows an example of the operation of the power storage system 210.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described below by way of embodiments of the application, but the following embodiments do not limit the application according to the claims. In addition, the feature combinations described in the embodiments are not all essential features of the present application. In the description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description thereof is omitted.
Fig. 1 schematically shows an example of an apparatus 100 including a power storage system 110. The structure and operation of device 100 and power storage system 110 will be described with reference to fig. 1. In the present embodiment, the apparatus 100 includes a motor 102 and a power storage system 110. The apparatus 100 may be a transportation apparatus such as an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, an electric motorcycle, a railroad car, or an elevator. The apparatus 100 may be an electronic device such as a PC or a mobile phone. The motor 102 is electrically connected to the power storage system 110, and uses electric power supplied from the power storage system 110. The electric machine 102 may also function as a regenerative brake. The motor 102 may be an example of an electrical load.
The electric storage system 110 is electrically connected to the motor 102, and supplies electric power (sometimes referred to as discharging of the electric storage system) to the motor 102. The electric storage system 110 is electrically connected to a charging device (not shown) and stores electric energy (sometimes referred to as charging of the electric storage system).
In the present embodiment, the power storage system 110 includes a terminal 112, a terminal 114, a protection circuit 116, and a power storage module 120. The power storage module 120 may include a plurality of power storage units including the power storage unit 122, the power storage unit 124, the power storage unit 126, and the power storage unit 128 connected in series, and a plurality of balance correction circuits including the balance correction circuit 132, the balance correction circuit 134, and the balance correction circuit 136. Balance correction circuit 132, balance correction circuit 134, and balance correction circuit 136 may be examples of the balance correction device.
Here, "electrically connected" is not limited to a case where a certain element is directly connected with another element. A third element may be provided between one element and another element. And is not limited to the case where one element is physically connected to another element. For example, the input coil and the output coil of the transformer are not physically connected, but are electrically connected. Further, not only the actual electrical connection of a certain element with another element, but also the case where a certain element is electrically connected with another element after the electrical storage unit is electrically connected with the balance correction circuit is included. In addition, "connected in series" means that a certain element is electrically connected in series with another element.
Terminals 112 and 114 electrically connect devices external to the system, such as motor 102 and a charging device, to power storage system 110. The protection circuit 116 protects the power storage module 120 from at least one of overcurrent, overvoltage, and overdischarge. As the protection circuit 116, for example, a known overcurrent/overvoltage protection circuit as shown in japanese patent application laid-open No. 2009-183141 can be used.
The electric storage unit 122, the electric storage unit 124, the electric storage unit 126, and the electric storage unit 128 are connected in series. The electric storage unit 122, the electric storage unit 124, the electric storage unit 126, and the electric storage unit 128 may be secondary batteries or capacitors. The electric storage unit 122, 124, 126, 128 may be lithium ion batteries. Each of the electric storage unit 122, the electric storage unit 124, the electric storage unit 126, and the electric storage unit 128 may further include a plurality of electric storage units.
Balance correction circuit 132 equalizes the voltages of power storage unit 122 and power storage unit 124. The balance correction circuit 132 is electrically connected to one end (sometimes referred to as the positive electrode side) of the electric storage unit 122 on the terminal 112 side. Balance correction circuit 132 is electrically connected to a connection point 143 between one end (sometimes referred to as the negative electrode side) of power storage unit 122 on the terminal 114 side and power storage unit 124 on the positive electrode side. Balance correction circuit 132 is electrically connected to a connection point 145 between the negative electrode side of power storage unit 124 and the positive electrode side of power storage unit 126.
Although not shown, the balance correction circuit 132 may have an inductor electrically connected to the connection point 143. By electrically connecting the balance correction circuit 132 to the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 as described above, a first circuit including the electric storage unit 122 and the above-described inductor and a second circuit including the electric storage unit 124 and the above-described inductor are formed. The balance correction circuit 132 alternately passes the first circuit and the second circuit with current. Thus, electric energy can be transmitted and received between the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 through the inductor. Thereby, the voltages of the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 can be equalized.
Balance correction circuit 134 equalizes the voltages of power storage unit 124 and power storage unit 126. Balance correction circuit 134 is electrically connected to connection point 143, connection point 145, and connection point 147 between the negative electrode side of power storage unit 126 and the positive electrode side of power storage unit 128. Balance correction circuit 136 equalizes the voltages of power storage unit 126 and power storage unit 128. Balance correction circuit 136 is electrically connected to connection point 145, connection point 147, and the negative side of power storage unit 128. The balance correction circuit 134 and the balance correction circuit 136 may have the same structure as the balance correction circuit 132.
As described above, according to the power storage module 120 of the present embodiment, even if the voltages of the plurality of power storage units are uneven, the voltages of the plurality of power storage units can be equalized by the operation of the balance correction circuit. Thereby, the utilization efficiency of the power storage system 110 can be improved.
For example, when manufacturing quality, aging degree, and the like are different between the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124, the battery characteristics of the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 are different. As the battery characteristics, there can be exemplified: battery capacity, or discharge voltage characteristics indicating a relationship between battery voltage and discharge time. For example, as the electric storage unit ages, the battery voltage is reduced with a shorter discharge time.
When the battery characteristics of the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 are different, the voltages of the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 are not uniform as the discharging of the electric storage system 110 proceeds, even if the voltages of the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 are substantially the same at the end of the charging of the electric storage system 110. Even if the voltages of the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 are substantially the same at the start of charging of the electric storage system 110, the voltages of the electric storage unit 122 and the electric storage unit 124 are not uniform as the charging of the electric storage system 110 proceeds.
Since the available Charge level (sometimes referred to as State of Charge, SOC) ranges of the electric storage units 122 and 124 are predetermined, if the voltages of the electric storage units 122 and 124 are uneven, the utilization efficiency of the electric storage system 110 is deteriorated. However, according to the power storage module 120 of the present embodiment, the voltage of the power storage unit 122 and the voltage of the power storage unit 124 are equalized, so that the utilization efficiency of the power storage system 110 can be improved.
Fig. 2 schematically shows an example of the power storage system 210. Fig. 3 schematically shows an example of the operation of the power storage system 210. The configuration and operation of the balance correction circuit will be described with reference to fig. 2 and 3. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, the power storage system will be described with reference to fig. 2 and 3, taking the power storage unit as an example. However, as long as those skilled in the art who have come into contact with the description of the power storage system 210, the power storage system can be constructed and used as in the case of the power storage system 210 even if the power storage system has a plurality of power storage units and a plurality of balance correction circuits.
In the present embodiment, the power storage system 210 includes: terminal 212, terminal 214, protection circuit 216, and power storage module 220. The power storage module 220 includes: the power storage unit 222 and the power storage unit 224 connected in series, and a balance correction circuit 232 equalizing the voltages of the power storage unit 222 and the power storage unit 224.
The balance correction circuit 232 may have: inductor 250, switching element 252, switching element 254, diode 262, diode 264, control circuit 270, overvoltage detection circuit 280, and fuse 290. The control circuit 270 may have: a control signal generating circuit 272 and a stop signal generating circuit 274. The stop signal generating circuit 274 may have an AND circuit 275, an AND circuit 276. The overvoltage detection circuit 280 may include a reference voltage 281, an operational amplifier 282, a diode 283, a reference voltage 284, an operational amplifier 285, a diode 286, and a NOT circuit 287.
The electric storage unit 222 may be an example of the first electric storage unit. The electric storage unit 224 may be an example of the second electric storage unit. The balance correction circuit 232 may be an example of a balance correction device. The switching element 252 may be an example of the first switching element. The switching element 254 may be an example of the second switching element. The control circuit 270 may be an example of a control unit. The control signal generation circuit 272 may be an example of a control signal generation unit. The stop signal generating circuit 274 may be an example of a stop signal generating section. The overvoltage detection circuit 280 may be an example of an overvoltage detection unit. The value of the reference voltage 281 and the value of the reference voltage 284 may be an example of predetermined values. Fuse 290 may be an example of a current limiting element.
The terminals 212 and 214 may each have the same structure as the terminals 112 and 114, respectively. The protection circuit 216 may have the same structure as the protection circuit 116. The electric storage unit 222 and the electric storage unit 224 may have the same configuration as the electric storage unit 122, the electric storage unit 124, the electric storage unit 126, or the electric storage unit 128. In the description of the power storage system 210, the description of the same configuration as the elements of the power storage system 110 may be omitted. Further, in fig. 1, the power storage system 110 may have a structure with the power storage system 210. The balance correction circuit 132, the balance correction circuit 134, and the balance correction circuit 136 may have the same configuration as the balance correction circuit 232.
In the present embodiment, balance correction circuit 232 is electrically connected to connection point 243 between the positive electrode side of power storage unit 222, the negative electrode side of power storage unit 222, and the positive electrode side of power storage unit 224, and the negative electrode side of power storage unit 224. Thereby forming a first open-close circuit including the electric storage unit 222, the switching element 252, the fuse 290, and the inductor 250. A second open/close circuit including the power storage unit 224, the inductor 250, the fuse 290, and the switching element 254 is formed. The connection point 243 may be an example of a connection point between one end of the first power storage unit and one end of the second power storage unit.
One end of the inductor 250 is electrically connected to the connection point 243. The other end of the inductor 250 may be electrically connected to a connection point 245 of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254. The switching elements 252 and 254 repeatedly and alternately perform an on operation and an off operation (sometimes referred to as an on/off operation), and an inductor current I is generated in the inductor 250 L 。
The switching element 252 is electrically connected between the other end of the inductor 250 and the positive electrode side of the power storage unit 222. SwitchElement 252 receives control signals from control circuitry 270Based on control signal->An on-action or an off-action is performed. Thereby opening and closing the first opening and closing circuit. The switching element 252 may be a MOSFET.
The switching element 254 is electrically connected between the other end of the inductor 250 and the negative electrode side of the electric storage unit 224. The switching element 254 receives a control signal from the control circuit 270Based on control signal->An on-action or an off-action is performed. Thereby opening and closing the second opening and closing circuit. The switching element 254 may be a MOSFET.
The diode 262 is arranged in parallel with the switching element 252, and current flows from the other end of the inductor 250 to the positive electrode side of the power storage unit 222. Diode 264 is provided in parallel with switching element 254, and current flows from the negative electrode side of power storage unit 224 to the other end of inductor 250. The diode 262 and the diode 264 may be parasitic diodes equivalently formed between source/drain electrodes of the MOSFET.
By providing the diode 262 and the diode 264, the inductor current I remains even during the period when the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 are both in the off state L At the time, the inductor current I L Flow can continue through diode 262 or diode 264. Thereby enabling the inductor current I temporarily generated on the inductor 250 L Can be used without waste. And can be suppressed from blocking the inductor current I L The occurrence of surge voltage occurs.
The control circuit 270 controls the on/off operation of the switching element 252Is provided to the switching element 252. Control circuit 270 controls the ON/OFF operation of switching element 254>Is provided to the switching element 254.
In the present embodiment, the control signal generating circuit 272 generates a control signal for controlling the on/off operation of the switching element 252And a control signal for controlling the on/off action of the switching element 254>When the control signal generating circuit 272 supplies signals to the switching element 252 and the switching element 254, a control signal can be generated>Control signalSo that the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 alternately perform on/off actions. The control signal generating circuit 272 outputs a control signal +.>Control signal->Is provided to a stop signal generating circuit 274.
The control signal generating circuit 272 may be a pulse generator that generates a pulse train of a predetermined period. The control signal generating circuit 272 may be a pair control signalControl signal->A variable pulse generator for performing variable control of the duty ratio of at least one of the above. The duty cycle may calculate the proportion of square wave period during ON. Control signal->Control signal->May be square waves with a duty cycle of 50%, respectively. The control signal generating circuit 272, the switching element 252, and the switching element 254 are formed on the same substrate.
In the present embodiment, the stop signal generating circuit 274 receives the control signal from the control signal generating circuit 272Control signal->In addition, the stop signal generating circuit 274 receives a control signal from the overvoltage detecting circuit 280Control signal->Information related to the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is shown. Control signal->A signal indicating whether or not at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value may be used.
In the present embodiment, the stop signal generation circuit 274 is based on the control signalControl signal->Generating a control signal->Furthermore, stop signal generating circuit 274 is based on the control signal +.>Control signal->Generating a control signal->The stop signal generating circuit 274 may be formed on the same substrate as the switching element 252 and the switching element 254.
The stop signal generation circuit 274 may control the signal when the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 are smaller than a predetermined valueControl signal->As control signal +.>Control signal->To the switching element 252 and the switching element 254. Accordingly, the control circuit 270 can provide the control signal +.>Control signal->Thereby alternately repeating on/off operations of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254.
The stop signal generation circuit 274 may generate a control signal for stopping the balance correction circuit 232 when at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is equal to or greater than a predetermined valueControl signalIs provided to the switching element 252 and the switching element 254. For example, when the voltages of the electric storage unit 222 and the electric storage unit 224 are within the normal value range, the stop signal generation circuit 274 outputs the control signal +.>Control signal->As control signal +.>Control signal->When it is detected that at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the overvoltage detection circuit 280 generates a control signal +_ for stopping the balance correction circuit 232>Control signal->
Accordingly, the control circuit 270 can provide the control signal when at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is equal to or greater than the predetermined valueNumber (number)Control signal->Thereby stopping the balance correction circuit 232. For example by providing a control signal +.>Control signal->So that both the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 perform the off operation, the balance correction circuit 232 can be stopped.
The overvoltage detection circuit 280 detects that at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The overvoltage detection circuit 280 may generate a control signal based on the voltage of the power storage unit 222 and the voltage of the power storage unit 224Is provided to a stop signal generating circuit 274. The overvoltage detection circuit 280 may be formed on the same substrate as the switching element 252 and the switching element 254.
In the present embodiment, the control circuit 270 provides the control signal when at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is greater than a predetermined valueControl signal->The operations of the control signal generating circuit 272, the stop signal generating circuit 274, and the overvoltage detecting circuit 280 will be described by taking the case where both the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 are turned off as an example.
In the present embodiment, the switching element 252 is configured to control the signalFor H logic, the switching-on operation is performed, when the control signal +.>The off action is performed for the L logic. Furthermore, switching element 254 is operated as a control signal +.>For H logic, the switching-on operation is performed, when the control signal +.>The off action is performed for the L logic. In this embodiment, the control signal +.>When the logic is H, it indicates that the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 are equal to or lower than a predetermined value, and when the logic is L, it indicates that at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is greater than a predetermined value.
It should be further noted that the control circuit 270 may provide the control signal through any structureControl signal->Also, it should be noted that the structures of the switching element 252, the switching element 254, the control signal generating circuit 272, the stop signal generating circuit 274, and the overvoltage detecting circuit 280 are not limited thereto.
In the present embodiment, the voltage on the positive side of the power storage unit 222 is input to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 282, and the reference voltage 281 is input to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 282. Reference voltage 281 is electrically connected to the negative electrode side of power storage unit 222. Operational amplifier when the voltage of the power storage unit 222 is greater than the reference voltage 281282 are input to a NOT circuit 287 via a diode 283. Accordingly, the overvoltage detection circuit 280 outputs the control signal of the L logic when the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 is greater than the reference voltage 281
The voltage on the positive side of the power storage unit 224 is input to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 285, and the reference voltage 284 is input to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 285. The reference voltage 284 is electrically connected to the negative electrode side of the power storage unit 224. When the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is greater than the reference voltage 284, the output of the operational amplifier 285 is input to the NOT circuit 287 through the diode 286. Accordingly, the overvoltage detection circuit 280 outputs the control signal of the L logic when the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is greater than the reference voltage 281
The control signal is input to the AND circuit 275Control signal->When both are H logic, stop signal generating circuit 274 outputs control signal +.>Thereby causing the switching element 252 to perform an on operation. On the other hand, when the control signal->Control signal->When at least one of the signals is L logic, stop signal generating circuit 274 outputs control signal +.>Thereby causing the switching element 252 to perform an opening action.
The control signal is input to the AND circuit 276Control signal->When both are H logic, stop signal generating circuit 274 outputs control signal +.>Thereby causing the switching element 254 to perform an on-operation. On the other hand, when the control signal->Control signal->When at least one of the signals is L logic, stop signal generating circuit 274 outputs control signal +.>Thereby causing the switching element 254 to perform an opening action.
According to the present embodiment, when at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is greater than a predetermined value, the balance correction circuit 232 can be stopped. Accordingly, even when the control signal generation circuit 272 fails, it is possible to suppress the application of an overvoltage to the power storage unit 222 and the power storage unit 224. The balance correction circuit 232 is particularly effective when electrically connected to the power storage unit 222 and the power storage unit 224 at a position closer to the power storage unit 222 and the power storage unit 224 than the protection circuit 216 protecting the power storage module 220.
The control signal generating circuit 272 and the overvoltage detecting circuit 280 may be formed on the same substrate as at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254. In this case, the distance between at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 and the control signal generating circuit 272 is shorter than the distance between at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 and the overvoltage detecting circuit 280.
In particular, the minimum value of the distance between the control signal generating circuit 272 and at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 may be smaller than the minimum value of the distance between the overvoltage detecting circuit 280 and at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254. The control signal generating circuit 272 and the overvoltage detecting circuit 280 may be provided so as to sandwich at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 on the substrate.
Accordingly, the control signal generating circuit 272 and the overvoltage detecting circuit 280 can be suppressed from simultaneously failing. For example, the control signal generating circuit 272 and the overvoltage detecting circuit 280 can be prevented from simultaneously malfunctioning due to the addition of switching operations of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254, static electricity, a lightning surge, and the like.
The fuse 290 is connected in series with the inductor 250. In the present embodiment, one end of the fuse 290 is electrically connected to the other end of the inductor 250. The other end of the fuse 290 is electrically connected to the connection point 245 of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254. The fuse 290 limits the current flowing through the inductor 250 when the magnitude of the current flowing through the inductor 250 exceeds a predetermined value. The fuse 290 may be an overcurrent blocking type fuse or a temperature fuse.
By connecting the fuse 290 in series with the inductor 250, for example, even when at least one of the switching element 252, the switching element 254, and the control signal generating circuit 272 fails and at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 is always on, it is possible to prevent a current from flowing through at least one of the power storage unit 222 and the power storage unit 224.
Further, it is considered that when the control circuit 270 causes the switching elements 252 and 254 to perform the turning-off operation in order to stop the balance correction circuit 232, at least one of the switching elements 252, 254, and the control signal generating circuit 272 fails, and at least one of the switching elements 252 and 254 cannot perform the turning-off operation. Even in this case, according to the present embodiment, since the fuse 290 is connected in series with the inductor 250, either one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 can stop the balance correction circuit 232 by causing the switching element that can be operated to perform the on operation. This protects power storage unit 222 and power storage unit 224 from overvoltage.
In the present embodiment, when at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is equal to a predetermined value, the control circuit 270 supplies a control signalControl signal->The case where the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 alternately perform on/off operation will be described. However, control circuit 270 may supply the control signal when at least one of the voltage of power storage unit 222 and the voltage of power storage unit 224 is equal to a predetermined value>Control signal->So that the balance correction circuit 232 stops.
In the present embodiment, a control signal can be supplied to the control circuit 270Control signal->The case where the balance correction circuit 232 is stopped by turning off both the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 has been described. But provides a control signal +_ for stopping the balance correction circuit 232>Control signal->The method of (2) is not limited thereto.
The control circuit 270 supplies a control signal to a switching element which can be operated by either one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254Or control signal->Thereby, the switching element is turned on, and the balance correction circuit 232 is stopped. In the present embodiment, when one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 is turned on, a current flows through the first switching circuit and the second switching circuit, and the fuse 290 is broken. So that the balance correction circuit 232 can be stopped.
In the present embodiment, the case where the fuse 290 is provided between the other end of the inductor 250 and the connection point 245 is described. However, the number or arrangement position of the fuses 290 is not limited thereto. The fuse 290 may be connected in series with the inductor 250 at a position between the connection point 243 and one end of the inductor 250. Thereby protecting both the electric storage unit 222 and the electric storage unit 224 by a single fuse. The balance correction circuit 232 may have one or more fuses on each of the first and second switching circuits.
In this embodiment, a case where a fuse is used as a current limiting element will be described. However, the current limiting element is not limited thereto. The current limiting element may be a PTC thermistor whose internal resistance increases by a temperature rise. The current limiting element may also be a current interrupter (electric current breaker).
The operation of the power storage system 210 will be described below with reference to fig. 3. Fig. 3 shows the operation of the power storage system 210 at normal times. FIG. 3 and control signalsControl ofSignal->The graph 302, the graph 304, and the graph 306 are displayed in correspondence with one example of the waveform. In the graph 302, the graph 304, and the graph 306, the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time. In addition, the vertical axis represents the inductor current I L Is of a size of (a) and (b). In fig. 3, inductor current I L The magnitude of (a) is indicated as a forward direction by a current (indicated by a solid arrow in fig. 2) flowing from the connection point 245 to the connection point 243.
Graph 302 schematically represents inductor current I when voltage E2 of power storage unit 222 is greater than voltage E4 of power storage unit 224 L An example of the change with time. Graph 304 schematically represents inductor current I when voltage E2 of power storage unit 222 is less than voltage E4 of power storage unit 224 L An example of the change with time. Graph 306 schematically represents inductor current I when voltage E2 of power storage unit 222 is substantially the same as voltage E4 of power storage unit 224 L An example of the change with time.
In fig. 3, for the purpose of simplifying the explanation, the control signalsControl signal->Represented as square waves with a duty cycle of 50%, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3, control signal +.>Control signal->Has a logic or phase polarity complementary to each other so that one of the switching elements 252 and 254 is in an off state while the other is in an on state.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the switching element 252 receives a control signalFor H logic, the switching-on operation is performed, when the control signal +.>The off action is performed for the L logic. The switching element 254 is controlled by the control signal->For H logic, the switch-on operation is performed when the control signal +.>The off action is performed for the L logic.
As shown in graph 302, when voltage E2 of power storage unit 222 is greater than voltage E4 of power storage unit 224, when switching element 252 is in the on state, the current follows the current path of the positive side of power storage unit 222-switching element 252-connection point 245-fuse 290-inductor 250-connection point 243-the negative side of power storage unit 222. At this time, inductor current I L The inductor 250 is charged in the direction of the solid arrow in fig. 2.
Then, when the switching element 252 becomes an off state and the switching element 254 becomes an on state, an inductor current I that charges the inductor 250 L The discharge is performed along the current path from one end of inductor 250 to connection point 243 to power storage unit 224 to switching element 254 to connection point 245 to fuse 290 to the other end of inductor 250. This discharge is performed simultaneously with the charging of the electric storage unit 224. As shown in fig. 3, the inductor current I L When the discharge current becomes 0, a charge current in the opposite direction to the discharge current flows to the inductor 250.
As shown in graph 304, when voltage E2 of power storage unit 222 is smaller than voltage E4 of power storage unit 224, when switching element 254 is in the on state, a current flows along the current path of the positive electrode side of power storage unit 224-connection point 243-inductor 250-fuse 290-connection point 245-switching element 254-the negative electrode side of power storage unit 224. At this time, an inductor current I is drawn in the inductor 250 L Along the dashed line in fig. 2The arrow direction charges.
Then, when the switching element 254 becomes an off state and the switching element 252 becomes an on state, an inductor current I charged on the inductor 250 L The discharge is performed along the current path of the other end of the inductor 250, the fuse 290, the connection point 245, the switching element 252, the electric storage unit 222, the connection point 243, and one end of the inductor 250. This discharge is performed while charging the electric storage unit 222.
As shown in graph 306, when voltage E2 of power storage unit 222 is substantially the same as voltage E4 of power storage unit 224, inductor current I is during the period when switching element 252 or switching element 254 is in the on state L Is performed in steps of approximately equal amounts. Thus, the voltage can be maintained in a substantially balanced state.
As described above, the balance correction circuit 232 can transmit and receive electric energy between the electric storage unit 222 and the electric storage unit 224 through the inductor 250 by alternately passing the electric current through the first switching circuit and the second switching circuit. Thereby, the voltages of the power storage unit 222 and the power storage unit 224 can be equalized.
Here, when the control signal generating circuit 272 malfunctions so that the control signal cannot be normally controlledControl signal->When the duty ratio of (c) is set, control of the discharge amount and the charge amount becomes difficult. However, even if the control signal +_ cannot be controlled normally>Control signal->It is also desirable to prevent overvoltage from being applied to at least one of the power storage units 222 and 224.
According to the present embodiment, when the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 is equal to the electric storage unit224 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, e.g. providing a control signalControl signal->So that both the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 perform the off operation. Thereby enabling the balance correction circuit 232 to be stopped.
In order to turn off both the switching element 252 and the switching element 254, even if a control signal is suppliedControl signal->When at least one of the voltage of the electric storage unit 222 and the voltage of the electric storage unit 224 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a control signal +_ is supplied to the operable switching element as either one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254>Or control signal->So that the switching element performs an on operation. Accordingly, even when at least one of the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 cannot be turned off for some reason, the balance correction circuit 232 can be stopped.
In the present embodiment, for the sake of simplifying the explanation, the control signal isControl signal->The duty cycle of (2) is 50%Is bright. But control signal +>Control signal->And is not limited thereto. Control signalControl signal->The duty ratio of (c) may be changed in accordance with the voltage difference between power storage unit 222 and power storage unit 224.
In the present embodiment, a case has been described in which the switching operation of the first operation in which one switching element including the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 performs the on operation and the other switching element performs the off operation, and the switching operation of the second operation in which the one switching element performs the off operation and the other switching element performs the on operation are repeatedly performed at a predetermined cycle, and the control signal is supplied from the control circuit 270Control signal->The switching element 252 and the switching element 254 alternately perform on/off operation.
However, the operation of the control circuit 270 is not limited thereto. In order to repeatedly perform the switching operation including the first operation, the second operation, and the third operation in which both the switching element 252 and the switching element 254 perform the off operation, the control circuit 270 supplies a control signalControl signal->The switching element 252 and the switching element 254 are alternately turned on and off repeatedly.
In the present embodiment, the control circuit 270 is supplied with the control signal even when the voltage E2 of the electric storage unit 222 is substantially the same as the voltage E4 of the electric storage unit 224Control signal->Thus, the case where the balance correction circuit 232 continues to perform the balance correction operation has been described. However, the operation of the control circuit 270 is not limited thereto. Control circuit 270 may provide a control signal +_when the voltage difference between voltage E2 of power storage unit 222 and voltage E4 of power storage unit 224 is less than a predetermined value>Control signal->So that the balance correction circuit 232 stops the balance correction operation.
The embodiments of the present application have been described above, but the technical scope of the present application is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various alterations and modifications may be added to the above embodiments. Further, it is apparent from the description of the claims that such modified or improved embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the execution order of the respective processes of the acts, sequences, steps, and phases in the apparatus, system, program, and method shown in the claims, the specification, and the drawings may be implemented in any order as long as "earlier", etc. are not specifically indicated, or as long as the output of the previous process is not used in the subsequent process. The operation flows in the claims, specification, and drawings are described using "first", "then", etc. for convenience, but do not necessarily imply that the operations are performed in this order.
Description of the reference numerals
100 apparatus, 102 motor, 110 electric storage system, 112 terminal, 114 terminal, 116 protection circuit, 120 electric storage module, 122 electric storage unit, 124 electric storage unit, 126 electric storage unit, 128 electric storage unit, 132 balance correction circuit, 134 balance correction circuit, 136 balance correction circuit, 143 connection point, 145 connection point, 147 connection point, 210 electric storage system, 212 terminal, 214 terminal, 216 protection circuit, 220 electric storage module, 222 electric storage unit, 224 electric storage unit, 232 balance correction circuit, 243 connection point, 245 connection point, 250 inductor, 252 switching element, 254 switching element, 262 diode, 264 diode, 270 control circuit, 272 control signal generation circuit, 274 stop signal generation circuit, 275AND circuit, 280 overvoltage detection circuit, 281 reference voltage, 282 operational amplifier, 283 diode, 284 reference voltage, 285 operational amplifier, 286 diode, 287NOT circuit, 290 fuse, 302 pattern, 304 pattern, 306 pattern

Claims (7)

1. A balance correction device for equalizing voltages of a first power storage unit and a second power storage unit connected in series, comprising:
an inductor having one end electrically connected to a connection point between one end of the first power storage unit and one end of the second power storage unit;
a first switching element electrically connected between the other end of the inductor and the other end of the first power storage unit;
a second switching element electrically connected between the other end of the inductor and the other end of the second power storage unit; and
a control unit configured to supply a control signal for controlling on/off operations of the first switching element and the second switching element to the first switching element and the second switching element;
the control section supplies the control signal such that the first switching element and the second switching element alternately and repeatedly perform on/off operations when the voltage of the first electric storage unit and the voltage of the second electric storage unit are smaller than a predetermined value;
providing the control signal when at least one of the voltage of the first electric storage unit and the voltage of the second electric storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, causing the first switching element and the second switching element to perform an off operation, thereby causing the balance correction device to stop,
the balance correction apparatus further includes: an overvoltage detection unit that detects, through a circuit connected in parallel with the control unit, that at least one of the voltage of the first electric storage unit and the voltage of the second electric storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value;
the control unit includes:
a control signal generating unit that generates the control signal so that the first switching element and the second switching element alternately and repeatedly perform on/off operations; and
a stop signal generation unit that generates the control signal so as to stop the balance correction device when the overvoltage detection unit detects that at least one of the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value,
the first switching element, the overvoltage detection unit, and the control signal generation unit are formed on the same substrate;
the distance between the first switching element and the control signal generating part is shorter than the distance between the first switching element and the overvoltage detecting part,
the control signal generation section and the overvoltage detection section are configured to sandwich the first switching element.
2. The balance correction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein further comprising:
a first balance correction circuit and a second balance correction circuit,
the first balance correction circuit includes:
the inductor;
the first switching element;
the second switching element; and
the control part is provided with a control part,
the second balance correction circuit includes:
a second inductor having one end electrically connected to a connection point between one end of the second electric storage unit and one end of the third electric storage unit;
a third switching element electrically connected between the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the second electric storage unit;
a fourth switching element electrically connected between the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the third electric storage unit; and
a second control unit configured to supply a control signal for controlling on/off operations of the third switching element and the fourth switching element to the third switching element and the fourth switching element,
the second control section provides the control signal such that the third switching element and the fourth switching element alternately repeatedly perform on/off actions when the voltage of the second electric storage unit and the voltage of the third electric storage unit are smaller than a predetermined value;
and providing the control signal when at least one of the voltage of the second electric storage unit and the voltage of the third electric storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, so that the third switching element and the fourth switching element execute an opening action, and the second balance correction circuit is stopped.
3. The balance correction device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control portion provides the control signal such that both of the first switching element and the second switching element perform an off operation when at least one of the voltage of the first electric storage unit and the voltage of the second electric storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value.
4. The balance correction apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein further comprising: a current limiting element limiting a current flowing through the inductor when a magnitude of the current flowing through the inductor exceeds a predetermined value;
the control unit supplies the control signal when at least one of the voltage of the first power storage unit and the voltage of the second power storage unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, and causes one of the first switching element and the second switching element to be operable to perform an on operation until the current limiting element limits the current flowing through the inductor and stops the balance correction device.
5. The balance correction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the other end of the first electric storage unit and the other end of the second electric storage unit are also electrically connected to a protection circuit to prevent overvoltage caused by an external device.
6. The balance correction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising a first diode that is arranged in parallel with the first switching element and that causes current to flow from the other end of the inductor to the other end of the first power storage unit;
and a second diode which is arranged in parallel with the second switching element and flows current from the other end of the second power storage unit to the other end of the inductor.
7. An electrical storage system comprising:
the first electric storage unit and the second electric storage unit are connected in series; and
the balance correction device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein voltages of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit are equalized.
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CN108494041A (en) 2018-09-04
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WO2013140709A1 (en) 2013-09-26
CN104170206A (en) 2014-11-26

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