CN108441859A - Enhance wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases and preparation method thereof using Nb elements - Google Patents
Enhance wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases and preparation method thereof using Nb elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN108441859A CN108441859A CN201810621810.7A CN201810621810A CN108441859A CN 108441859 A CN108441859 A CN 108441859A CN 201810621810 A CN201810621810 A CN 201810621810A CN 108441859 A CN108441859 A CN 108441859A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
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Abstract
Enhance wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases and preparation method thereof using Nb elements, is related to laser melting and coating technique field.Suitable pure Nb powder is added in coating, the Nb of addition is combined with the C in molten bath, in-situ preparation high rigidity, high stability NbC hard-phase particles, to enhance the mechanical property of Ni base coatings.The coating is prepared according to the following steps, is pre-processed first to mould steel matrix, by alloy powder according to design composition proportion, mix with planetary ball mill and after drying as cladding material.By the way of the laser melting coating of synchronous powder feeding system, cladding layer is prepared on mould steel matrix surface.The microstructure of surface cladding layer that is obtained is fine and close, pore-free, crackle, the defects of being mingled with, is in good metallurgical binding with matrix, significantly improves the surface property of mould steel, improve the service life of mold.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser melting and coating technique fields, and in particular to enhances the wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases using Nb elements
And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In auto industry field, 90% or more auto parts and components all lean on die forming, and mold is in automobile production manufacture
Status is also more and more important, therefore is referred to as " mother of auto industry ".However during mold is on active service, since die surface is ground
Damage and corrosion so that mold ahead of time fail, substantially reduce die life, this not only affect product production cycle and
Production cost, but also the waste of resource is caused to a certain extent.If by the method for surface reconditioning, in failure mold table
Face prepares the coating of one layer of high strength and high hardness, not only failure mold can be made to put back into, and reduces production cost and contracting
The short die change period, and since the coating of preparation has high intensity and high rigidity, moreover it is possible to increase substantially the surface of mold
Performance extends the service life of mold.
Laser melting coating is a kind of efficient, energy saving and environmentally friendly process for modifying surface, using high energy laser beam as heat source, alloy
Powder is as cladding material.By the irradiation of laser by alloy powder and matrix surface rapid melting, after laser beam away, melt
Melt metal quickly to solidify due to the heat conduction of matrix, to obtain the cladding layer with the complete metallurgical binding of matrix, be improved with reaching
The purpose of surface property.
Compared with traditional process for modifying surface, coating prepared by laser melting coating has lower dilution rate, smaller heat
The zone of influence, coating structure is fine and close, is well combined with matrix, and porosity is low and is mingled with poor feature.Meanwhile laser melting coating is also
With the features such as easy to automate, wide using material system range.The hardness of material surface, wearability, resistance to can be improved
The performances such as corrosivity and fire-resistant oxidation resistant, while reducing the consumption of precious metal.In environment, metallurgy, traffic, machinery, energy
There is huge application prospect in the fields such as source, aviation.
Ni based alloy coatings have higher bond strength, preferable corrosion resistance and excellent wearability, in engineering
It has broad application prospects.And the hardness and wear-resisting property of cladding layer can be significantly improved by adding hard-phase particles.Therefore, often
The mold materials surface of damage is repaired with the alloy system.
Ceramic particle has the advantages that high-melting-point, high rigidity, thermostabilization is good, is commonly used for the enhancing of Metal Substrate laser cladding layer
Mutually improve the mechanical property of coating.NbC particles have high-melting-point, high rigidity, the superior functions such as high elastic modulus, and and Ni
The similar density of base coating, therefore be commonly used to strengthen Ni base coatings.The addition of NbC there are two types of form, be directly added into NbC particles and
In-situ preparation NbC.Generated in-situ NbC particles are tiny, combined with basal body interface preferably, and crackle tendency is relatively low, are to send out in recent years
Open up faster metal-base composites preparation method.
By the way that suitable pure Nb powder is added on the basis of Ni base alloy powders, laser is carried out in Cr12MoV mold steel surfaces
Cladding, in-situ preparation NbC hard phases are expected to reach the case hardness and wear-resisting property for improving mould steel, and extend mold military service
The purpose in service life.Therefore, suitable laser cladding powder is developed to be of great significance with technique.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：For existing laser melting coating there are the shortcomings that and automobile extrusion die abrasion
Inefficacy mechanism proposes a kind of Nb elements enhancing wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases and preparation method thereof, solves automobile die steel
Surface abrasion problem.
A kind of Nb elements enhancing wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases and preparation method thereof, this method is according to the following steps
It carries out：
(1) substrate pretreated
It polishes the Cr12MoV automobile die steel matrix sand for surface paper processed and is cleaned with acetone, obtain smooth light
Clean surface；
(2) laser melting coating
Cladding is mixed with nickel-base alloy composite powder according to design composition proportion, by gained mixed-powder planetary ball mill
Machine carries out mechanical mixture 3h, is dried after being uniformly mixed and preferably dries 2h in 80 DEG C of drying box, is fitted into powder feeder；Using
Coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating mode prepares wear-resistant coating in matrix surface.
Nickel-base alloy composite powder includes Co-based alloy powder, pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder.
Co-based alloy powder particle size range is 75-150 μm.It is 35-45 μm pure that grain size is added in Co-based alloy powder
The additive amount of Nb powder and pure Ta powder, pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder be respectively nickel-base alloy composite powder quality 3.0-4.5% and
1.5-2.0%；Obtained microstructure of surface cladding layer is fine and close, pore-free crackle, and good metallurgical binding is presented with matrix in cladding layer.
As limitation of the invention, the composition of Co-based alloy powder and quality used in prepares coating of the present invention point
Number is：0.73-0.97%C, 3.24-4.05%B, 4.66-5.10%Si, 0.37-0.58%Ce, 0.18-0.27%Mg,
18.26-19.04%Cr, 0.53-0.69%K,<5.00%Fe, Ni surplus.
In Co-based alloy powder of the present invention, in addition to containing 3.24-4.05%B, 4.66-5.10%Si and 18.26-
19.04%Cr, outside the cladding performance for improving Co-based alloy powder, the addition of a large amount of boron and chromium combine, and generate high rigidity
Boride containing chromium is conducive to the hardness and wearability that improve Ni-based cladding alloy.Particularly with 0.37-0.58%Ce, 0.53-
0.69%K and 0.18-0.27%Mg is conducive to refine fabricated in situ carbonization impersonal language, promotes distribution of carbides uniform, to
Make cladding layer that there is excellent wearability and good obdurability, it is ensured that cladding layer does not crack during preparation and use.This
Outside, in cladding powder, the additive amount that pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder is added is respectively the 3.0-4.5% of deposited nickel-base alloy powder end quality
And 1.5-2.0%, it can be ensured that the NbC and TaC of a large amount of high rigidity of fabricated in situ in cladding layer promote the big of cladding layer wearability
Amplitude improves.
In addition, the technological parameter of laser melting coating and the ingredient of powder, influence whether cladding layer macro morphology, micro- group
It knits and mechanical property.In order to obtain the cladding layer with good mechanical performance, dense structure, need to select suitable laser
The ingredient of melting and coating process parameter and powder.Laser cladding technological parameter includes mainly：Laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding speed
Rate etc..When increasing laser power, increase powder feeding rate, reduces sweep speed, the thickness of coating can improved, when the thickness of coating
When spending high, the combination being easy to cause between coating and matrix is poor, and coating is easy to peel off.When one timing of other conditions, when sharp
When luminous power is excessively high, dilution rate can be caused excessive, the mechanical property of coating can be reduced, and when laser power is too low, it can make
Powder fusing is not enough, and leads to cladding layer it is possible that inclusion defect can also reduce the utilization rate of powder.Therefore, of the invention
The technological parameter of the laser melting coating is preferably：Laser power：1800W, sweep speed：4mm/s, powder feeding rate：15g/min,
Spot diameter：5mm × 5mm, argon flow amount：15L/min.The chemical composition of cladding material then will have a direct impact on the aobvious of cladding layer
Micro-assembly robot and mechanical property.
It is heated by laser, alloy powder is melted with matrix surface, and forms molten bath in material surface.When laser from
It goes, in material under cooling effect, molten bath is rapidly solidificated into cladding layer.By detection, NbC, TaC are generated in cladding layer
Grain.
After adopting the above scheme, the advantageous effect that the present invention obtains is：The cladding layer and base obtained by laser melting coating
Good metallurgical binding is presented in body, and microstructure of surface cladding layer is fine and close, the defects of not finding stomata, crackle and be mingled with.In reaction process
In, Nb, Ta are combined with the C in molten bath, in situ generated tiny NbC, TaC particle of a large amount of Dispersed precipitate.Cladding layer
Hardness has reached 800Hv or more, is improved more than 2 times than basis material automobile die steel Cr12MoV, cladding layer tensile strength is more than
350MPa, impact flexibility are more than 12J/cm2.Wearability improves 5 times or more than basis material.The Nb elements used of the present invention
The preparation process for enhancing the wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases is easy, it is easy to accomplish automated production is not polluted, and laser is molten
The process of covering need not carry out in a vacuum, and workpiece size is substantially unrestricted, be processed to complex surface or surface is repaiied
It is multiple, there is significant economic and social benefit on material surface modifying.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 gained cladding layer micro-organization chart of embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be described further with regard to following embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1：Laser power 1800W, the additive amount of pure Nb powder are the 4.5% of nickel-base alloy composite powder quality.
(1) Cr12MoV steel matrix pre-processes
Automobile die steel Cr12MoV steel matrix sand for surface paper polishing to processing, is used in combination acetone to clean, obtains smooth
Clean surface.
(2) laser melting coating
The composition and mass fraction of Co-based alloy powder used in prepares coating be：0.73%C, 4.05%B, 4.66%
Si, 0.58%Ce, 0.18%Mg, 19.04%Cr, 0.53%K, 2.47%Fe, Ni surplus；Co-based alloy powder particle size range is
75-150μm；The pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder that addition grain size is 35-45 μm in Co-based alloy powder, pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder add
Dosage is respectively the 4.5% and 1.5% of nickel-base alloy composite powder quality；Mixed-powder is carried out machinery with planetary ball mill to mix
3h is closed, 2h is dried in 80 DEG C of drying box after being uniformly mixed.Adjust laser cladding technological parameter：Laser power：1800W,
Sweep speed：4mm/s, spot diameter：5mm × 5mm, argon flow amount：15L/min.
The microscopic structure of cladding layer is shown in Fig. 1.
It is realized under the technological parameter and prepares the wear-resisting cladding coating of Ni bases in automobile die steel Cr12MoV matrix surfaces.Ni
The microhardness of the wear-resisting cladding coating of base is 812Hv, cladding layer tensile strength 365MPa, impact flexibility 12.9J/cm2, wearability
For 4.7min/mg.
Embodiment 2：Laser power 1800W, the additive amount of pure Nb powder are the 3.0% of nickel-base alloy composite powder quality.
(1) Cr12MoV steel matrix pre-processes
Automobile die steel Cr12MoV steel matrix sand for surface paper polishing to processing, is used in combination acetone to clean, obtains smooth
Clean surface.
(2) laser melting coating
The composition and mass fraction of Co-based alloy powder used in prepares coating be：0.97%C, 3.24%B, 5.10%
Si, 0.37%Ce, 0.27%Mg, 18.26%Cr, 0.69%K, 4.64%Fe, Ni surplus；Co-based alloy powder particle size range is
75-150μm；The pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder that addition grain size is 35-45 μm in Co-based alloy powder, pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder add
Dosage is respectively the 3.0% and 2.0% of nickel-base alloy composite powder quality；Mixed-powder is carried out machinery with planetary ball mill to mix
3h is closed, 2h is dried in 80 DEG C of drying box after being uniformly mixed.Adjust laser cladding technological parameter：Laser power：1800W,
Sweep speed：4mm/s, spot diameter：5mm × 5mm, argon flow amount：15L/min.
Under the technological parameter, realizes and prepare the wear-resisting cladding coating of Ni bases in automobile die steel Cr12MoV matrix surfaces.Ni
The microhardness of the wear-resisting cladding coating of base is 804Hv, and cladding layer tensile strength is more than 370MPa, and impact flexibility is more than 12.5J/
cm2, wearability 5.2min/mg.
Embodiment 3：Laser power 1800W, the additive amount of pure Nb powder are the 3.8% of nickel-base alloy composite powder quality.
(1) Cr12MoV steel matrix pre-processes
Automobile die steel Cr12MoV steel matrix sand for surface paper polishing to processing, is used in combination acetone to clean, obtains smooth
Clean surface.
(2) laser melting coating
The composition and mass fraction of Co-based alloy powder used in prepares coating be：0.79%C, 3.50%B, 4.87%
Si, 0.43%Ce, 0.23%Mg, 18.71%Cr, 0.62%K, 3.84%Fe, Ni surplus；Co-based alloy powder particle size range is
75-150μm；The pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder that addition grain size is 35-45 μm in Co-based alloy powder, pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder add
Dosage is respectively the 3.8% and 1.7% of nickel-base alloy composite powder quality；Mixed-powder is carried out machinery with planetary ball mill to mix
3h is closed, 2h is dried in 80 DEG C of drying box after being uniformly mixed.Adjust laser cladding technological parameter：Laser power：1800W,
Sweep speed：4mm/s, spot diameter：5mm × 5mm, argon flow amount：15L/min.
Under the technological parameter, realizes and prepare the wear-resisting cladding coating of Ni bases in automobile die steel Cr12MoV matrix surfaces.Ni
The microhardness of the wear-resisting cladding coating of base is 826Hv, and cladding layer tensile strength is more than 385MPa, and impact flexibility is more than 13.4J/
cm2, wearability 5.0min/mg.
Enhance the wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases with Nb elements prepared by the present invention, cladding layer and matrix have good
Metallurgical binding, coating structure is fine and close, the defects of not finding crackle, stomata, be mingled with.The hardness of cladding layer is compared with automobile die steel
Cr12MoV matrixes improve more than 2 times, and wearability improves 5 times or more, can significantly extend the service life of mold.
It is enlightenment with several embodiments of the present invention, and by the description of this paper, staff can send out in this item
It changes and changes in bright technical scope.The technology of the present invention range is not limited to the content on specification, be according to power
Sharp claimed range determines technical scope.
Claims (4)
1. it is a kind of with Nb elements enhance the wear-resisting laser cladding coating of Ni bases preparation method, which is characterized in that this method be according to
What following steps carried out：
(1) substrate pretreated
It polishes the Cr12MoV automobile die steel matrix sand for surface paper processed and is cleaned with acetone, obtained smooth bright and clean
Surface；
(2) laser melting coating
By cladding with nickel-base alloy composite powder according to design composition proportion mix, by gained mixed-powder planetary ball mill into
Row mechanical mixture 3h is dried after being uniformly mixed；It is fitted into powder feeder；Using coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating mode, in matrix table
Face prepares wear-resistant coating；
Nickel-base alloy composite powder includes Co-based alloy powder, pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder；Co-based alloy powder particle size range is 75-
150μm；Pure Nb powder and the pure Ta powder that grain size is 35-45 μm, the addition of pure Nb powder and pure Ta powder are added in Co-based alloy powder
Amount is respectively the 3.0-4.5% and 1.5-2.0% of nickel-base alloy composite powder quality；
The composition and mass fraction of Co-based alloy powder be：0.73-0.97%C, 3.24-4.05%B, 4.66-5.10%Si,
0.37-0.58%Ce, 0.18-0.27%Mg, 18.26-19.04%Cr, 0.53-0.69%K,<5.00%Fe, Ni surplus.
2. according to the method for claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) drying dries 2h in 80 DEG C of drying box.
3. according to the method for claim 1, which is characterized in that the technological parameter of laser melting coating is：Laser power：1800W,
Sweep speed：4mm/s, powder feeding rate：15g/min, spot diameter：5mm × 5mm, argon flow amount：15L/min.
4. the wear-resisting laser melting coating of Nb elements enhancing Ni bases being prepared according to claim 1-3 any one of them methods applies
Layer.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN109371392A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-22 | 水利部杭州机械设计研究所 | A kind of Ni-based wear-resistant anti-corrosion coating formula for marine worker liquid presses piston pole, coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109628927A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-16 | 水利部杭州机械设计研究所 | A kind of wear-resistant corrosion-resistant nickel-base silicon carbide compound coating and preparation method thereof for marine worker liquid presses piston pole |
| CN109943844A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-28 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of ultrahigh hardness laser melting coating composite coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110219000A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-10 | 西安宇丰喷涂技术有限公司 | A kind of ultrafast laser spray fusing preparation method of anti-corrosion wear-resistant ni base alloy coating |
| CN111876776A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-03 | 湖南人文科技学院 | NbC-reinforced nanocrystalline wear-resistant coating with hardness gradient and preparation method thereof |
| CN114107742A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-01 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Nickel-based coating and method for forming nickel-based coating on surface of part |
| CN114645158A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-21 | 江苏斯普瑞科技有限公司 | Composite powder material for laser surface strengthening of ball valve and application thereof |
| CN114703476A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-05 | 西安交通大学 | Non-cracking high-wear-resistance corrosion-resistance nickel-based composite material coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN114700495A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-05 | 西安交通大学 | Non-cracking high-wear-resistance corrosion-resistance nickel-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115846644A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 河北科技大学 | Nickel-based alloy powder, preparation method and application thereof, and method for preparing nickel-based alloy coating |
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| CN109371392A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-22 | 水利部杭州机械设计研究所 | A kind of Ni-based wear-resistant anti-corrosion coating formula for marine worker liquid presses piston pole, coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109628927A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-16 | 水利部杭州机械设计研究所 | A kind of wear-resistant corrosion-resistant nickel-base silicon carbide compound coating and preparation method thereof for marine worker liquid presses piston pole |
| CN109628927B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-10-16 | 水利部杭州机械设计研究所 | Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant nickel-based silicon carbide composite coating for maritime work hydraulic piston rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN109943844A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-28 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of ultrahigh hardness laser melting coating composite coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110219000A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-10 | 西安宇丰喷涂技术有限公司 | A kind of ultrafast laser spray fusing preparation method of anti-corrosion wear-resistant ni base alloy coating |
| CN111876776A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-03 | 湖南人文科技学院 | NbC-reinforced nanocrystalline wear-resistant coating with hardness gradient and preparation method thereof |
| CN114107742A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-01 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Nickel-based coating and method for forming nickel-based coating on surface of part |
| CN114645158A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-21 | 江苏斯普瑞科技有限公司 | Composite powder material for laser surface strengthening of ball valve and application thereof |
| CN114703476A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-05 | 西安交通大学 | Non-cracking high-wear-resistance corrosion-resistance nickel-based composite material coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN114700495A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-05 | 西安交通大学 | Non-cracking high-wear-resistance corrosion-resistance nickel-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114700495B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Non-cracking high-wear-resistance corrosion-resistance nickel-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115846644A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 河北科技大学 | Nickel-based alloy powder, preparation method and application thereof, and method for preparing nickel-based alloy coating |
| CN117758165A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Alloy component for laser cladding remanufacturing and preparation method of alloy coating |
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